198 lines
20 KiB
XML
198 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5795755" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa9de9bf-dea4-4321-a51d-6c4f1f55032d" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5795755" ID-ZooBank="071EAD63-05ED-4D6C-AC45-8719E6D79E0B" approvalRequired="6" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="6" checkinTime="1640009482758" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kröger, Björn & Pohle, Alexander" docDate="2021" docId="5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-783_1-102.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 783 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.783.1601" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.12:EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="12" docTitle="Catoraphiceras undetermined" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="A37DFFD4FFACFFAEFFD67F14FFDE7A64" masterDocTitle="Early-Middle Ordovician cephalopods from Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen - a pelagic fauna with Laurentian affinities" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1640093400465" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Early-Middle Ordovician cephalopods from Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen - a pelagic fauna with Laurentian affinities</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kröger, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">72F166B6-51DC-4DD8-9DEE-47EDDEE3D2F2</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, PO Box 44, FI- 00014 Helsinki, Finland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bjorn.kroger@helsinki.fi</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pohle, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">9C9B621D-7A77-41FF-8B63-DD21BEE10B56</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">alexander.pohle@pim.uzh.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-12-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>783</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.783.1601</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.783.1601</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">aa9de9bf-dea4-4321-a51d-6c4f1f55032d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5793422</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">071EAD63-05ED-4D6C-AC45-8719E6D79E0B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5795755" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5795755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection box="[680,907,907,934]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[674,913,907,969]" box="[680,907,907,934]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<heading box="[680,907,907,934]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName box="[680,907,907,934]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Cyptendoceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[680,866,907,934]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Catoraphiceras</emphasis>
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||
sp.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[674,913,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[674,913,907,969]" box="[674,913,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<figureCitation box="[674,786,943,969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1812,1838]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1251,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-301@17.[189,1398,1251,1774]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 10. Median section of orthocones from bed PO 131 of the Olenidsletta Member, Floian, Ordovician, Profilstranda section, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen. A. Catoraphiceras sp., FMNH-P30425, with graptolite trapped in siphuncle. B–D. Proterocameroceras vallhallfonnense sp. nov. B. Specimen FMNH-P30429. C–D. Holotype, specimen FMNH-P30427. C. Complete specimen with asymmetric endosiphuncular deposits and imploded septa. D. Detail of holotype showing dorsal side of connecting ring and septal necks. Scale bars: A–B = 2 mm; C = 10 mm; D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5793452/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 10A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[797,851,943,969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1810,1836]" captionTargetBox="[229,1398,1276,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-198@47.[189,1398,1274,1773]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 32. Reconstruction and interpretation of details of connecting ring and septal necks in orthoconic cephalopods from the Olenidsletta Member, Floian, Ordovician, Profilstranda section, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen. A. Catoraphiceras sp., FMNH-P30425, dorsal side of the connecting ring, see Fig. 10A. B. Cyptendoceratid gen. et sp. indet., FMNH-P30431, see Fig. 31B. C. Hemichoanella occulta sp. nov., FMNH-P30420, from bed PO 131, dorsal side of the connecting ring, see Fig. 36B. Black: septal neck and septum. Dark grey: connecting ring. Without scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5793522/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">32A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[863,913,943,969]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[189,232,1676,1702]" captionTargetBox="[190,1394,920,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-162@53.[189,1398,920,1638]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 36. Protocycloceratid cephalopods from the Olenidsletta Member, Floian, Ordovician, Profilstranda section, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen. A. Protocycloceras sp. FMNH-P30417, lateral view, from bed PO 123.3. B–C, E–H. Protocycloceras minor sp. nov. B, E–F. Specimen FMNH-P30411, holotype, from bed PO 131. B. Ventral view, prosiphuncular side. C. Specimen FMNH-P30412, from bed PO 131, with details of ornamentation well preserved. D. Catoraphiceras sp., FMNH-P30425, from bed PO 131, oblique lateral view. E. Adoral view of holotype with septal perforation visible. F. Fragment of holotype with chamber spacing G. Specimen FMNH-P30413 showing the shape of the septal curvature, dorsal view, antisiphuncular side. H. Specimen FMNH-P30410, with conch surface well preserved. I. Protocycloceras lamarcki (Billings, 1859), FMNH-P30418, from bed PO 04, with poorly preserved conch surface. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5793532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5793532/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">36D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[189,426,1008,1034]" box="[189,426,1008,1034]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,426,1008,1034]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,426,1008,1034]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="45.[189,1398,1055,1117]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<materialsCitation location="Profilstranda" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCode="FMNH-P30425" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCount box="[189,305,1055,1081]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="generic">Specimen</specimenCount>
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<specimenCode box="[318,502,1055,1082]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">FMNH-P30425</specimenCode>
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from
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93:D2326061FF81FF83FD9E7B0BFD007E5D" box="[584,734,1055,1081]" name="Profilstranda" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Profilstranda</location>
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section,
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<locationDeviation box="[851,1181,1055,1081]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">adjacent to Hinlopenstretet</locationDeviation>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93:D2326061FF81FF83FB787B0BFAE57E5D" box="[1198,1339,1055,1081]" name="Spitsbergen" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Spitsbergen</location>
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||
,
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<locationDeviation pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
bed PO
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<quantity box="[234,367,1090,1117]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3112799999999998" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="131128.0">131, 128 m</quantity>
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above base of Olenidsletta Member
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<date box="[804,840,1090,1116]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
V
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93:D2326061FF81FF83FCEC7B56FC227E39" box="[826,1020,1090,1117]" name="2 b trilobite zone" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">2b trilobite zone</location>
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</date>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93:D2326061FF81FF83FBDE7B56FB787E38" box="[1032,1190,1090,1116]" name="Blackhillsian" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Blackhillsian</location>
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||
,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F4487ACFF81FF80FD7E7C9FFC147B93:D2326061FF81FF83FB647B56FADF7E38" box="[1202,1281,1090,1116]" name="Floian" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Floian</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="45.[189,334,1155,1181]" box="[189,334,1155,1181]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,334,1155,1181]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,334,1155,1181]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="45.[188,1398,1202,1299]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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The specimen is a
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<quantity box="[404,486,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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long orthoconic fragment of a phragmocone with a ca
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<quantity box="[1123,1190,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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long basal part of the body chamber. The conch cross section is slightly elliptically depressed with a width of
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<quantity box="[1243,1398,1237,1264]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="1.08" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="10.15" valueMax="10.8" valueMin="9.5">9.5–10.8 mm</quantity>
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and a height of
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||
<quantity box="[370,511,1273,1299]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="8.7" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="8.95" valueMax="9.2" valueMin="8.7">8.7–9.2 mm</quantity>
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(rW = 1.13; angle of expansion of conch height 9°).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="45.[186,1399,1338,1470]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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The ornamentation consists of widely rounded annulations that form a shallow sinus at the prosiphuncular side of the conch and have a distance of ca
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||
<quantity box="[696,764,1373,1400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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and an amplitude of ca
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<quantity box="[1047,1140,1373,1400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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; the valley and ridges of the annulations are widely rounded. Fine details of the conch surface, which potentially exist, such as growth lines or striae, are not preserved. Roughly one annulation occurs per one chamber.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="45.[188,1400,1509,1712]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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The chambers have a distance of
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<quantity box="[597,720,1509,1536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
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(ca three chambers occur at a distance similar to conch height, rCL = 0.33). The siphuncle is nearly marginal and has a diameter of 3.7 at the adapical end, and
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<quantity box="[189,281,1579,1606]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
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at the adoral end (0.42 of conch height). The connecting ring is thick and consists of slightly concave segments. The shape and length of the septal necks is difficult to interpret because of the poor preservation of the specimen, but they appear to be short orthochoanitic. No cameral or endosiphuncular deposits occur.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[189,303,1751,1777]" box="[189,303,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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||
<heading bold="true" box="[189,303,1751,1777]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,303,1751,1777]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="45.[188,1399,1797,2000]" lastBlockId="46.[188,1400,265,503]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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This is an annulated orthocone with a large siphuncle, larger than the range given for
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<taxonomicName authority="Ulrich & Foerste, 1935" authorityName="Ulrich & Foerste" authorityYear="1936" box="[1184,1368,1797,1823]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1184,1368,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Catoraphiceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the diagnosis of
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<bibRefCitation author="Hook S. C. & Flower R. H." box="[383,659,1832,1858]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref47824" refString="Hook S. C. & Flower R. H. 1977. Late Canadian (Zones J, K) cephalopod faunas from southwestern United States. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Memoir 32: 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1977">Hook & Flower (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. The assignment of the fragment to
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<taxonomicName authority="Ulrich & Foerste, 1935" authorityName="Ulrich & Foerste" authorityYear="1936" box="[1085,1269,1832,1858]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1085,1269,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Catoraphiceras</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
is justified because all other characters are in agreement with the diagnosis of this genus and there is no other annulated orthocone with a marginal, empty siphuncle with slightly concave segments and short septal necks. Among the species of
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<taxonomicName authority="Ulrich & Foerste, 1935" authorityName="Ulrich & Foerste" authorityYear="1936" box="[525,709,1938,1964]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[525,709,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Catoraphiceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with depressed conch cross section
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<taxonomicName authority="(White, 1875)" authorityName="Ulrich & Foerste" authorityYear="1935" baseAuthorityName="White" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1129,1398,1938,1965]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="colon">
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||
<emphasis box="[1129,1149,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis box="[1163,1228,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">colon</emphasis>
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||
(White, 1875)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Ulrich et al., 1944" authorityName="Ulrich" authorityYear="1944" box="[237,566,1973,1999]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="resseri">
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||
<emphasis box="[237,257,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis box="[270,349,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">resseri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ulrich E. O. & Foerste A. F. & Miller A. K. & Unklesbay A. G." box="[355,566,1973,1999]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 226" refId="ref50494" refString="Ulrich E. O., Foerste A. F., Miller A. K. & Unklesbay A. G. 1944. Ozarkian and Canadian cephalopods. Part III: Longicones and summary. Geological Society of America Special Papers 58: 1 - 226. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / SPE 58" type="journal article" year="1944">
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||
Ulrich
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||
<emphasis box="[435,485,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1944
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
are most similar to specimen FMNH-P30425; the former mainly differs in having an annulation of only 2 annuli per distance similar to corresponding conch height, the latter differs in having a smaller siphuncle with rSD = 0.35. The siphuncle of
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<taxonomicName authority="Ulrich & Foerste, 1935" authorityName="Ulrich & Foerste" authorityYear="1935" box="[1020,1244,300,327]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[1020,1204,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Catoraphiceras</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also larger than the siphuncle of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hook & Flower, 1977" authorityName="Hook & Flower" authorityYear="1977" box="[455,872,335,362]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Protocycloceratidae" genus="Catoraphiceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetrabranchia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ibexense">
|
||
<emphasis box="[455,475,336,362]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[493,594,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">ibexense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hook S. C. & Flower R. H." box="[604,872,335,361]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref47824" refString="Hook S. C. & Flower R. H. 1977. Late Canadian (Zones J, K) cephalopod faunas from southwestern United States. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, Memoir 32: 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1977">Hook & Flower, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(rSD = 0.24). The single, relatively poorly preserved fragment available from the Olenidsletta Member, however, does not allow for the erection of a new species. The erection of a new species based on this fragmentary specimen is also not possible, because several species are known to contain endosiphuncular deposits, which may or may not exist in more apical, non-preserved, portions of specimen FMNH-P30425.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |