plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/D9/24/03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

487 lines
69 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="9AC8A30CC0F30A2234A351FD99EF4F01" ID-CLB-Dataset="112243" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5169.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13661458-3a84-4de2-9f5f-0d320955f401" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6952559" ID-ZooBank="21750FB0-C5BC-472B-96F8-00850F1CF4C3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1659439777198" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Caldara, Roberto, Toševski, Ivo, Mendel, Howard &amp; Germann, Christoph" docDate="2022" docId="03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5169.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5169 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhamphus flavicornis Clairville 1798" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="377" masterDocId="FFE05C55FFA00E76FF85FFC78E5EFFEF" masterDocTitle="In search of some type-specimens of Rhamphus [Clairville], 1798 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="380" masterPageNumber="371" pageNumber="375" updateTime="1699363281757" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="BA5DC5ED969E21AFF1DB846872DE582B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="78878318A61E4F266EF864A76577AA68">
<mods:title id="C1583A2574DC9A552F5B19466114173B">In search of some type-specimens of Rhamphus [Clairville], 1798 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2128B5FE32052C3BD184FA75D5BBE849" type="personal">
<mods:role id="47A6DB9D6124A8080E1840497FB565C7">
<mods:roleTerm id="F6A12E07BF7C89109F49D704CFAF34A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C884F05FC4D26B0AFAD995E44B621E80">Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F8CB3033A8D9A5592B086A220EE94C7E">Center of Alpine Entomology, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9EF96B5626774D2C7D13C529AB431DEF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9ABFD5E84E8985C22E30C243FAA88A2B">
<mods:roleTerm id="C6697E579BEB0119BA1E052127AD6CDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E2CEAE8922E0B6CFF0AC480F10603319">Toševski, Ivo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="163CF2732622220D81DDEDC462D61E7E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C62B1DCD9435CAAF4291B0004CD2BB9A">
<mods:roleTerm id="09B883A3EFC8790B05BFB1845C873730">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F12953FAEE3D370A88BDCF0E3C99F5F3">Mendel, Howard</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="64F8BCC9A7A02C789B28085F49D43118" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5035-6684</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6D2DFCEE8BAD77B85D4D3F7A9D4B61A1">Department of Life Sciences (Entomology), Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK. h. mendel @ btinternet. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5035 - 6684</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="480710FE6FA65F3A2A41599B09D5F356" type="email">h.mendel@btinternet.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D53502F7F11D9B7784FD02A7B8110FCD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="81212F4019F4043E2A27F100806A50F4">
<mods:roleTerm id="0A0F0289AA319F913A6A8D05DECCD1F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2F16CD66AC70EB794B7E4CB35FFB648E">Germann, Christoph</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="972C4BBF02073F71103DE918B4BBA7DB">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="04D3677264364D5D3270D0A52B415DA6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="391C8EB7EFE41D34EB31DE882BA0A173" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BF0FB032B1CF59BEE1036C8F781394B6">
<mods:title id="36AC8FBBD12D6827D5064A505E73AA4F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9D17B03CE7258F2EB2E10187BC30FAEA">
<mods:date id="7DA58047C99D6640A95214F6B290F304">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EDC9D031903FDFCC0B7794272D1A3A9A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B436D9D7E2C18587DD3973E3E86EEDDF">2022-08-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="01A44B61AFBEE8891780984A7BEA1D6E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="AFFED79943BADA6EE30762C604DA13C9">5169</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="130AC7BD5820BFDD42F6E35C76280D3C" type="issue">
<mods:number id="03B6EBDE1A423029EAAF820C3BB0E657">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="F59E101E5AC720F4445D123CD4B4C49A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9487CE780DF30FF20032C7704522E419">371</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9DC92DDE05C5F84CDE7B6FB8C19D841F">380</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="67FE00D256D5643CC8DFAD9FC6796419">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D1605EC7296796CBB972A891DE16615D" type="CLB-Dataset">112243</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1BA9E4F3D02B9CEA6084CFE7B7618D89" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5169.4.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9271A45ADE8A1041F43CDA24D155848E" type="GBIF-Dataset">13661458-3a84-4de2-9f5f-0d320955f401</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B74FC445A08E7968177A1F09ECB9E0AE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1534E960C6B38A6A4F8BC897A98D69F5" type="Zenodo-Dep">6952559</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CAD863385040DDC6129B1C1131DC05F8" type="ZooBank">21750FB0-C5BC-472B-96F8-00850F1CF4C3</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6958999" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198576502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6958999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="377" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<subSubSection id="C36AC6B0FFA40E72FF12FB1A8C23FB17" box="[151,637,1245,1272]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA40E72FF12FB1A8C23FB17" blockId="4.[151,637,1245,1272]" box="[151,637,1245,1272]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<heading id="D0872257FFA40E72FF12FB1A8C23FB17" bold="true" box="[151,637,1245,1272]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FF12FB1A8C23FB17" ID-CoL="4S3JQ" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,637,1245,1272]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FF12FB1A8C23FB17" bold="true" box="[151,637,1245,1272]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FF12FB1A8FFAFB17" bold="true" box="[151,420,1245,1272]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
[Clairville], 1798
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36AC6B0FFA40E72FF12FAE58C3BFAD5" box="[151,613,1314,1338]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA40E72FF12FAE58C3BFAD5" blockId="4.[151,613,1314,1338]" box="[151,613,1314,1338]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FF12FAE58F2AFAD5" ID-CoL="4S3JQ" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,372,1314,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FF12FAE58F2AFAD5" box="[151,372,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Clairville], 1798: 104.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36AC6B0FFA40E70FF12FAAF8CC3F9BE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="377" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA40E72FF12FAAF8AF8F8E1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1384,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
This taxon was described based on specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F367D5ABFFA40E72FD4AFAAF8D06FA6D" box="[719,856,1384,1410]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, without a more precise locality, collected on
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FACEFAAE8F71FA48" authority="L. Its" authorityName="L. Its" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FACEFAAE8EB3FA49" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Prunus spinosa</emphasis>
L. Its
</taxonomicName>
taxonomic status was subjected to various interpretations.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FC43FA4B8A23FA48" author="Stephens, J. F." box="[966,1149,1420,1447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="143 - 222" refId="ref7645" refString="Stephens, J. F. (1831) s. n. In: Illustrations of British entomology; or, a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. IV. Signatures L-P. Baldwin, Cradock, London, pp. 143 - 222, pl. XXIII." type="book chapter" year="1831">Stephens (1831)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FA80FA4A8BC2FA49" box="[1285,1436,1420,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FA80FA4A8BC2FA49" box="[1285,1436,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a variety of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FEF6FA768C57FA25" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1795" box="[371,521,1456,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulicarius">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FEF6FA768C57FA25" box="[371,521,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. pulicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by “the antennae completely testaceous and the club somewhat fuscescent”. Curiously, he did not mention the already described
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FC1EFA128A12FA01" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[923,1100,1492,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FC1EFA128A12FA01" box="[923,1100,1492,1518]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. oxyacanthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Almost contemporaneously,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FF12FA3F8F39F9FC" author="Schoenherr, C. J." box="[151,359,1528,1555]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" refId="ref7573" refString="Schoenherr, C. J. (1833) Genera et species curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman et entomologis aliis illustratae. Tomus primus. Pars Prima. Roret, Parisiis, xv + 381 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8952" type="book" year="1833">Schoenherr (1833)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FE6EFA3E8CDEF9FD" box="[491,640,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FE6EFA3E8CDEF9FD" box="[491,640,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a valid species and placed
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FC22FA3E8A68F9FD" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1795" box="[935,1078,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulicarius">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FC22FA3E8A68F9FD" box="[935,1078,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. pulicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(although previously described) and
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FF42F9DA8F2BF9D9" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[199,373,1564,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FF42F9DA8E86F9D9" box="[199,216,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FF62F9DB8F2BF9D9" box="[231,373,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">oxyacanthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonyms.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FD9FF9DB8C98F9D9" author="Heyden, L. F. J. D." box="[538,710,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="61 - 63" refId="ref6578" refString="Heyden, L. F. J. D. (1862) Verwandlungsgeschichte des Trachys minutus und Rhamphus flavicornis. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 6, 61 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 47918620105" type="journal article" year="1862">Heyden (1862)</bibRefCitation>
, as well as
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FCC2F9DB8D84F9D8" author="Perris, E." box="[839,986,1564,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="1 - 590" refId="ref7324" refString="Perris, E. (1877) s. n. In: Georg, H. (Ed.), Larves de Coleopteres. Deyrolle, Naturaliste, Paris, pp. 1 - 590. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 48459" type="book chapter" year="1877">Perris (1877)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FB97F9DB8A98F9D8" author="Bargagli, P." box="[1042,1222,1564,1591]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="3 - 50" refId="ref5669" refString="Bargagli, P. (1885) Rassegna biologica di Rincofori europei. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 17, 3 - 50." type="journal article" year="1885">Bargagli (1885)</bibRefCitation>
, roughly described the immature stages of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FE1AF9868C69F9B5" box="[415,567,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FE1AF9868C69F9B5" box="[415,567,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected on a wild
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FC99F9868D33F9B5" box="[796,877,1601,1626]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Prunus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FC99F9868D33F9B5" box="[796,877,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Prunus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, without mentioning other species. Subsequently, the authors generally followed Stephens’ opinion (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FD78F9A38DD8F990" author="Klima, A." box="[765,902,1636,1663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="1 - 80" refId="ref6834" refString="Klima, A. (1935) Curculionidae: Alophinae, Diabathrariinae, Rhynchaeninae, Ceratopinae, Trigonocolinae, Xiphaspinae, Nerthopinae, Euderinae, Camarotinae, Acicneminae. Pars 145. In: Schenkling, S. (Ed.), Coleopterorum catalogus auspiciis et auxilio. W. Junk. s' - Gravenhage, pp. 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1935">Klima 1935</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FC17F9A38A17F990" author="Hoffmann, A." box="[914,1097,1636,1663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="1209 - 1839" refId="ref6621" refString="Hoffmann, A. (1958) s. n. In: Faune de France 62 Coleopteres curculionides (Troisieme partie). Lechevalier, Paris, pp. 1209 - 1839." type="book chapter" year="1958">Hoffmann 1958</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FB54F9A28B37F991" box="[1233,1385,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FB54F9A28B37F991" box="[1233,1385,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was overlooked by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FEBBF94F8F82F94C" author="Hering, M." box="[318,476,1672,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="123 - 147" refId="ref6529" refString="Hering, M. (1921) Minenstudien II. Neue Blattminen, Neubeschreibung von Rhamphus oxyacanthae Marsham und eine Bestimmungstabelle der Blattminen an Crataegus L. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1921, 123 - 147. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 192119210302" type="journal article" year="1921">Hering (1921)</bibRefCitation>
when he established the interspecific differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FBEDF94F8A84F94D" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1795" box="[1128,1242,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulicarius">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FBEDF94F8A84F94D" box="[1128,1242,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">pulicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FA8AF94F8BC3F94D" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1295,1437,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FA8AF94F8BC3F94D" box="[1295,1437,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">oxyacanthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the first time, the same with
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FD84F96A8CEBF928" author="Tempere, G." box="[513,693,1709,1735]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="9 - 16" refId="ref7759" refString="Tempere, G. (1982) Les Rhamphus de la faune francaise. Description d'une espece nouvelle (Col. Curculionidae). L'Entomologiste, 38, 9 - 16." type="journal article" year="1982">Tempère (1982)</bibRefCitation>
in his revision of the French species of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FBFCF96B8AB1F929" box="[1145,1263,1708,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FBFCF96B8AB1F929" box="[1145,1263,1708,1734]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Rhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Only recently,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FF12F9178FF9F904" author="Pesarini, C. &amp; Diotti, L." box="[151,423,1744,1771]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" pagination="111 - 117" refId="ref7376" refString="Pesarini, C. &amp; Diotti, L. (2012) Rhamphus monzinii, nuova specie del Piemonte (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano, 153 (I), 111 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / nhs. 2012.111" type="journal article" year="2012">Pesarini &amp; Diotti (2012)</bibRefCitation>
reported that since specimens were collected on
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FC4DF9168A6BF904" box="[968,1077,1745,1771]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FBBAF9168A88F905" box="[1087,1238,1744,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FBBAF9168A88F905" box="[1087,1238,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be a senior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FEA6F9328F8EF8E1" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[291,464,1780,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FEA6F9328F8EF8E1" box="[291,464,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. oxyacanthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and not of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FDCAF9328CBEF8E1" authorityName="Herbst" authorityYear="1795" box="[591,736,1780,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulicarius">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FDCAF9328CBEF8E1" box="[591,736,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. pulicarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that lives on
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FCF2F9338DB3F8E1" box="[887,1005,1780,1806]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FBA6F9338AFCF8E1" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[1059,1186,1780,1806]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA40E73FF42F8DF8D82FD46" blockId="4.[151,1437,1384,2023]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,150,681]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">
Unfortunately, there are no obvious
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA40E72FDEDF8DE8C94F8DC" box="[616,714,1817,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FD71F8DE8DD3F8DD" box="[756,909,1816,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FD71F8DE8DD3F8DD" box="[756,909,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Clairville’s collection at NHMB. Research in other institutes has also failed to find
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA40E72FDDBF8FA8C9AF8B8" box="[606,708,1853,1879]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. Therefore, following the authors’ general opinion on this taxon, with the express purpose to clarifying its taxonomic status, under the qualifying conditions of Article 75.3 of the
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA40E72FF12F8428F72F870" author="ICZN" box="[151,300,1925,1951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" refId="ref6704" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp" type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, we decided to designate a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FD6DF8428DCAF871" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[744,916,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FD6DF8428DCAF871" box="[744,916,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">R. oxyacanthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F367D5ABFFA40E72FC52F8438A03F871" box="[983,1117,1924,1950]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
as the
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA40E72FB2CF8428B5CF870" box="[1193,1282,1925,1951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FAA3F8438F51F82D" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA40E72FAA3F8438F51F82D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="375">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Clairville], 1798, thereby confirming the synonymy of these two taxa. It is a female labelled “Swiss, 329_19.8 SZ, GR Müstair, Wald, GS, Laubstreu,
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA40E72FD38F80B8D46F809" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[701,792,1996,2022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="376" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Corylus</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE44F3FCFFA40E72FCA6F80B8D9FF809" box="[803,961,1996,2022]" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" precision="1" seconds="39.8" value="46.62772">46°37’39.8”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE44F3FCFFA40E72FC4DF80B8A3BF808" box="[968,1125,1996,2023]" degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" precision="1" seconds="35.2" value="10.443111">10°26’35.2”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C8838DEFFA40E72FBF5F80B8A9FF808" box="[1136,1217,1996,2023]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCEB3FBFFA40E72FB49F80B8B13F808" box="[1228,1357,1996,2023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="375" value="2019-06-15">15.06.2019</date>
, lgt. C. Germann, DNA voucher 6095 IT/
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA50E73FD9FFF508CC4FF5E" box="[538,666,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FD26FF508AAEFF5E" authority="Clairville Caldara &amp; Tosevski" authorityName="Clairville Caldara &amp; Tosevski" box="[675,1264,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FD26FF508DC4FF5E" box="[675,922,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
Clairville Caldara &amp;Toševski
</taxonomicName>
des. 2021 [red printed]/
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FF7DFF7C8DE9FF3A" authority="(Marsham, 1802) Caldara &amp; Tosevski" authorityName="Caldara &amp; Tosevski" baseAuthorityName="Marsham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[248,951,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FF7DFF7C8C5AFF3A" box="[248,516,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus oxyacanthae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FD96FF7C8C99FF3A" author="Marsham, T." box="[531,711,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="30" refId="ref7098" refString="Marsham, T. (1802) Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanam disposita. Tomus 1. Coleoptera. J. White, London, xxxi + 547 + [1] pp., 30 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65388" type="journal article" year="1802">Marsham, 1802</bibRefCitation>
) Caldara &amp; Toševski
</taxonomicName>
det. 2021
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FBB4FF7C8A23FF3A" box="[1073,1149,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">mtCOI</emphasis>
acc. n.
<accessionNumber id="942308D8FFA50E73FB5DFF7C8B05FF3A" box="[1240,1371,187,213]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MZ404334" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" type="EnaNcbi">MZ404334</accessionNumber>
”. The specimen (
<figureCitation id="134B89BEFFA50E73FE94FF188F36FF16" box="[273,360,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,705,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-272@5.[169,1418,705,1604]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus and labels of: (A). Curculio oxyacanthae Marsham, 1802, neotype; (B). Rhamphus flavicornis [Clairville], 1798, neotype; (C) Rhamphus kiesenwetteri Tournier, 1873, lectotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952574/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) is
<quantity id="4C8838DEFFA50E73FE16FF198FB4FF16" box="[403,490,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long (rostrum excluded) and well preserved with dissected genitalia. Its online acc. number is
<accessionNumber id="942308D8FFA50E73FE94FEC48FD0FEF2" box="[273,398,259,285]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MZ404334" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" type="EnaNcbi">MZ404334</accessionNumber>
(NCBI database). It was collected by sifting leaf litter under
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FBCAFEC48AF6FEF2" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1103,1192,259,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FBCAFEC48AF6FEF2" box="[1103,1192,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Corylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in close vicinity of a
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FF12FEE08F52FEAE" box="[151,268,295,321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Crataegus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FF12FEE08F52FEAE" box="[151,268,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Crataegus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bush. It is deposited at the NHMB. In accordance with Article 76.3 of the
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FBB9FEE08A90FEAE" author="ICZN" box="[1084,1230,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref6704" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp" type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
the place of origin of the
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA50E73FF58FE8C8F68FE8A" box="[221,310,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
becomes the type locality of this taxon. In this case, however,
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FC6CFE8C8A3FFE8A" box="[1001,1121,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FC6CFE8C8A3FFE8A" box="[1001,1121,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered as
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FAD7FE8C8EB3FE66" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
according to Article 23.9.1 of the
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FDE0FEA88CA7FE66" author="ICZN" box="[613,761,367,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref6704" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp" type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
. This opinion, although informal, lacking the 25 publications requested by Article 23.9.2, was preliminarily reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FCBCFE548DB6FE42" author="Caldara, R." box="[825,1000,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref5897" refString="Caldara, R. (2013) Curculioninae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 8. Brill, Leiden, pp. 117 - 172." type="book" year="2013">Caldara (2013)</bibRefCitation>
. We now apply formally in respect of Article 23.9, reporting the following 25 publications:
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FD73FE708A45FE3E" author="Abbazzi, P. &amp; Maggini, L." box="[758,1051,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="29 - 216" refId="ref5299" refString="Abbazzi, P. &amp; Maggini, L. (2009) Elenco sistematico-faunistico dei Curculionoidea italiani, Scolytidae e Platypodae esclusi (Insecta, Coleoptera). Aldrovandia, 5, 29 - 216." type="journal article" year="2009">Abbazzi &amp; Maggini 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FBA3FE708B6AFE3E" author="Abbazzi, P. &amp; Osella, G." box="[1062,1332,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="267 - 414" refId="ref5335" refString="Abbazzi, P. &amp; Osella, G. (1992) Elenco sistematico-faunistico degli Anthribidae, Rhinomaceridae, Attelabidae, Apionidae, Brentidae, Curculionidae Italiani (Insecta, Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) - Ia parte. Redia, 75 (2), 267 - 414." type="journal article" year="1992">Abbazzi &amp; Osella 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FABAFE708F4AFE1A" author="Abbazzi, P. &amp; Colonnelli, E. &amp; Masutti, L. &amp; Osella, G." pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref5226" refString="Abbazzi, P., Colonnelli, E., Masutti, L. &amp; Osella, G. (1995) Coleoptera Polyphaga, XVI (Curculionoidea). In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. &amp; La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. Vol. 61. Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 68." type="book" year="1995">
Abbazzi
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FF12FE1C8E8FFE1A" box="[151,209,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">et al.</emphasis>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FEA5FE1C8C39FE1A" author="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A. &amp; Barrios, H. &amp; Borovec, R. &amp; Bouchard, P. &amp; Caldara, R. &amp; Colonnelli, E. &amp; Gultekin, L. &amp; Hlavac, P. &amp; Korotyaev, B. &amp; Lyal, C. H. C. &amp; Machado, A. &amp; Meregalli, M. &amp; Pierotti, H. &amp; Ren, L. &amp; Sanchez-Ruiz, M. &amp; Sforzi, A. &amp; Silfverberg, H. &amp; Skuhrovec, J. &amp; Tryzna, M. &amp; Velazquez de Castro, A. J. &amp; Yunakov, N. N." box="[288,615,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="526 - 33" refId="ref5384" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A., Barrios, H., Borovec, R., Bouchard, P., Caldara, R., Colonnelli, E., Gultekin, L., Hlavac, P., Korotyaev, B., Lyal, C. H. C., Machado, A., Meregalli, M., Pierotti, H., Ren, L., Sanchez-Ruiz, M., Sforzi, A., Silfverberg, H., Skuhrovec, J., Tryzna, M., Velazquez de Castro, A. J. &amp; Yunakov, N. N. (2017) Cooperative Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera Curculionoidea. Monografias electronicas SEA 8. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa S. E. A., Zaragoza, 729 pp. [urn: lsid: zoobank. org: pub: 911 EF 526 - 33 F 0 - 4970 - 8 EC 2 - A 7 F 5 AC 1 E 1 D 3 D]" type="book chapter" year="2017">
Alonso-Zarazaga
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FE6FFE1C8C7DFE1A" box="[490,547,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FDF6FE1C8D48FE1A" author="Arzanov, Y. G." box="[627,790,474,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref5608" refString="Arzanov, Y. G. (2015) A revised checklist species of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera, excluding Scolytinae) of Rostov Oblast and Kalmykia, the southern part of European Russia. Journal of Insect Biodiversity, 3 (12), 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.12976 / jib / 2015.3.12" type="journal article" year="2015">Arzanov 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FCA1FE1C8A63FE1A" author="Baviera, C. &amp; Caldara, R." box="[804,1085,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref5694" refString="Baviera, C. &amp; Caldara, R. (2020) The Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) of Sicily: recent records and updated catalogue. Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, 98 (1), A 1, 1 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.1478 / AAPP. 981 A 1" type="journal article" year="2020">Baviera &amp; Caldara 2020</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FBCFFE1C8AB1FE1A" author="Braunert, C." box="[1098,1263,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="125 - 142" refId="ref5854" refString="Braunert, C. (2009) Verzeichnis der Russelkafer Luxemburgs (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) mit Ausnahme der Borkenkafer (Scolytinae) und Kernkafer (Platypodinae). Bulletin de la Societe des Naturalistes Luxembourgeois, 110, 125 - 142." type="journal article" year="2009">Braunert 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FB78FE1C8BC9FE1A" author="Caldara, R." box="[1277,1431,475,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref5897" refString="Caldara, R. (2013) Curculioninae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 8. Brill, Leiden, pp. 117 - 172." type="book" year="2013">Caldara 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FF12FE388FF0FDF6" author="Caldara, R. &amp; Pesarini, C." box="[151,430,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="75 - 117" refId="ref5941" refString="Caldara, R. &amp; Pesarini, C. (1980) Coleotteri Curculionidi della brughiera di Rovasenda (Vercelli). Quaderni sulla &quot; Struttura delle Zoocenosi Terrestri &quot;. 1. La brughiera pedemontana, II. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, AQ / 1 / 72, 75 - 117. [Clairville, J. P.] (1798) Entomologie helvetique ou catalogue des insectes de la Suisse ranges d'apres une nouvelle methode. Avec descriptions et figures. Vol. I. Helvetische Entomologie oder Verzeichniss der schweizerischen Insekten nach einer neuen Methode geordnet. Mit Beschreibungen und Abbildungen. Erster Theil. Orell, Fussli, Compagnie, Zurich, 149 + [4] pp., 16 pls." type="journal article" year="1980">Caldara &amp; Pesarini 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FE3FFE388C2DFDF6" author="Colonnelli, E." box="[442,627,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 142" refId="ref6150" refString="Colonnelli, E. (2003) A revised checklist of Italian Curculionoidea (Coleoptera). Zootaxa, 337, 1 - 142." type="journal article" year="2003">Colonnelli 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FDFBFE388D1FFDF6" author="Diotti, L. &amp; Caldara, R. &amp; Tosevski, I." box="[638,833,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="111 - 128" refId="ref6214" refString="Diotti, L., Caldara, R. &amp; Tosevski, I. (2021) Description of two new species of Rhamphus related to R. oxyacanthae (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Rhamphini) from Italy based on a morphological study supported by molecular data. Zootaxa, 4995 (1), 111 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4995.1.6" type="journal article" year="2021">
Diotti
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FD42FE388CA1FDF6" box="[711,767,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FCC8FE388DA6FDF6" author="Germann, C." box="[845,1016,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="41 - 118" refId="ref6322" refString="Germann, C. (2010) Die Russelkafer (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea) der Schweiz - Checkliste mit Verbreitungsangaben nach biogeografischen Regionen. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 83, 41 - 118." type="journal article" year="2010">Germann 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FB86FE388B19FDF6" author="Germann, C. &amp; Colonnelli, E." box="[1027,1351,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref6358" refString="Germann, C. &amp; Colonnelli, E. (2018) A new species from Portugal and a replacement name in Rhamphus Clairville, 1798 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Entomologische Blatter und Coleoptera, 114, 191 - 195." type="journal article" year="2018">Germann &amp; Colonnelli 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FAD6FE388E8DFDD2" author="Mazur, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="213 - 244" refId="ref7156" refString="Mazur, M. (2002) The distribution and ecology of weevils (Coleoptera: Nemonychidae, Attelabidae, Apionidae, Curculionidae) in western Ukraine. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 45 (3), 213 - 244." type="journal article" year="2002">Mazur 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FF5BFDE48F3BFDD2" author="Lohse, G. A." box="[222,357,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="283 - 294" refId="ref6990" refString="Lohse, G. A. (1983) 32. Unterfamilie: Rhynchaeninae. In: Freude, H., Harde, K. W. &amp; Lohse, G. A. (Eds.), Die Kafer Mitteleuropas. Band 11. Goecke &amp; Evers, Krefeld, pp. 283 - 294." type="book chapter" year="1983">Lohse 1983</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FEF4FDE48C4EFDD2" author="Pelletier, J." box="[369,528,546,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="75 - 147" refId="ref7294" refString="Pelletier, J. (2005) Catalogue de Curculionoidea de France (Coleoptera). Biocosme Mesogeen, Nice, 21, 75 - 147. [2004]" type="journal article" year="2005">Pelletier 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FD99FDE48D41FDD2" author="Pesarini, C. &amp; Diotti, L." box="[540,799,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="111 - 117" refId="ref7376" refString="Pesarini, C. &amp; Diotti, L. (2012) Rhamphus monzinii, nuova specie del Piemonte (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Atti della Societa italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano, 153 (I), 111 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.4081 / nhs. 2012.111" type="journal article" year="2012">Pesarini &amp; Diotti 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FCAFFDE48DB2FDD2" author="Podlussany, A." box="[810,1004,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="237 - 252" refId="ref7469" refString="Podlussany, A. (2001) Somogymegye ormanyosalkatu bogarainak katalogusa (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Natura Somogyiensis, 1, 237 - 252. https: // doi. org / 10.24394 / NatSom. 2001.1.237" type="journal article" year="2001">Podlussány 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FC7DFDE48B1AFDD2" author="Rheinheimer, J. &amp; Hassler, M." box="[1016,1348,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref7548" refString="Rheinheimer, J. &amp; Hassler, M. (2010) Die Russelkafer Baden-Wurttembergs. Engelhardt &amp; Bauer, Karlsruhe, 944 pp." type="book" year="2010">Rheinheimer &amp; Hassler 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FACAFDE48E8DFD8E" author="Telnov, D." pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref7728" refString="Telnov, D. (2004) Compendium of Latvian Coleoptera. Check-list of Latvian beetles (Insecta Coleoptera). Entomological Society of Latvia, Riga, 115 pp." type="book" year="2004">Telnov 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FF5BFD808FDCFD8E" author="Tempere, G." box="[222,386,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="9 - 16" refId="ref7759" refString="Tempere, G. (1982) Les Rhamphus de la faune francaise. Description d'une espece nouvelle (Col. Curculionidae). L'Entomologiste, 38, 9 - 16." type="journal article" year="1982">Tempère 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FE08FD808CF3FD8E" author="Tempere, G. &amp; Pericart, J." box="[397,685,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" refId="ref7791" refString="Tempere, G. &amp; Pericart, J. (1989) Faune de France 74 Coleopteres Curculionides Quatrieme partie. Complements au trois volumes d'Adolphe Hoffmann. Corrections, Additions et Repertoire. Federation Francaise des Societes de Sciences Naturelles, Paris, 534 pp." type="book" year="1989">Tempère &amp; Péricart 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FD3DFD808D81FD8E" author="Wanat, M. &amp; Mocrzycki, T." box="[696,991,582,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="69 - 117" refId="ref7865" refString="Wanat, M. &amp; Mocrzycki, T. (2005) A new checklist of the weevils of Poland (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Genus, 16, 69 - 117." type="journal article" year="2005">Wanat &amp; Mocrzycki 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FC6EFD808B4CFD8E" author="Wanat, M. &amp; Mocrzycki, T." box="[1003,1298,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref7899" refString="Wanat, M. &amp; Mocrzycki, T. (2018) The checklist of the weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) of Poland revisited. Annals Zoologici, Warszawa, 68 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2018.68.1.001" type="journal article" year="2018">Wanat &amp; Mocrzycki 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FA98FD808EA1FD6A" author="Yunakov, N. &amp; Nazarenko, V. &amp; Filimonov, R. &amp; Volovnik, S." pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 494" refId="ref7951" refString="Yunakov, N., Nazarenko, V., Filimonov, R. &amp; Volovnik, S. (2018) A survey of the weevils of Ukraine (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Zootaxa, 4404 (1), 1 - 494. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4404.1.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Yunakov
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FA0DFD808EEAFD6A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
. Therefore, we formally propose
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FDFDFDAC8A76FD6A" authority="Marsham, 1802" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[632,1064,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FDFDFDAC8D2EFD6A" box="[632,880,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Curculio oxyacanthae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FCFDFDAC8A76FD6A" author="Marsham, T." box="[888,1064,619,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="30" refId="ref7098" refString="Marsham, T. (1802) Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanam disposita. Tomus 1. Coleoptera. J. White, London, xxxi + 547 + [1] pp., 30 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65388" type="journal article" year="1802">Marsham, 1802</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(currently
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FB23FDAC8B42FD6A" box="[1190,1308,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FB23FDAC8B42FD6A" box="[1190,1308,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) as
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FAC8FDAC8F52FD46" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">nomen protectum</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FEC7FD488C69FD46" box="[322,567,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FEC7FD488C69FD46" box="[322,567,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Clairville], 1798 as
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FCA3FD488D8BFD46" bold="true" box="[806,981,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0FC5B3FFA50E73FF12F99C8D3EF977" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952574" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6952574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952574/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" startId="5.[151,250,1627,1651]" targetBox="[169,1418,705,1604]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA50E73FF12F99C8D3EF977" blockId="5.[151,1436,1627,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FF12F99C8F4CF99C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1627,1651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Habitus and labels of: (
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FD87F99C8C4AF99C" bold="true" box="[514,532,1627,1651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">A</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FDACF99B8DF0F99B" authority="Marsham, 1802" authorityName="Marsham" authorityYear="1802" box="[553,942,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Curculio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyacanthae">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FDACF99B8D56F99B" box="[553,776,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Curculio oxyacanthae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FC88F99B8DF0F99B" author="Marsham, T." box="[781,942,1628,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="30" refId="ref7098" refString="Marsham, T. (1802) Entomologia britannica, sistens insecta Britanniae indigena, secundum methodum Linnaeanam disposita. Tomus 1. Coleoptera. J. White, London, xxxi + 547 + [1] pp., 30 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65388" type="journal article" year="1802">Marsham, 1802</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, neotype; (
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FB98F99B8A70F99B" bold="true" box="[1053,1070,1628,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">B</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FBC6F99B8B41F99B" box="[1091,1311,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FBC6F99B8B41F99B" box="[1091,1311,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Clairville], 1798, neotype; (
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FEB8F9B88F11F978" bold="true" box="[317,335,1663,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">C</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FEDBF9478CACF977" authority="Tournier, 1873" authorityName="Tournier Caldara &amp; Tosevski" authorityYear="1873" box="[350,754,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiesenwetteri">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA50E73FEDBF9478C0BF977" box="[350,597,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">Rhamphus kiesenwetteri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FDDFF9478CACF977" author="Tournier, H." box="[602,754,1664,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1872 - 1877" refId="ref7838" refString="Tournier, H. (1873) Curculionides nouveaux. Mittheilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 4 [1872 - 1877], 170 - 191." type="journal article" year="1873">Tournier, 1873</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, lectotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA50E73FF42F9018D5EF833" blockId="5.[151,1437,1734,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">
It seems useful to report some unpublished news on the whereabouts of the Clairville collection, to clarify the situation of all
<typeStatus id="54CB2B99FFA50E73FEF6F92D8FFDF8EB" box="[371,419,1770,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376">type</typeStatus>
specimens of taxa described by this eminent author.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FB8FF92D8B5DF8EB" author="Horn, W. &amp; Kahle, I." box="[1034,1283,1770,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 540" refId="ref6655" refString="Horn, W. &amp; Kahle, I. (1937) Uber entomologische Sammlungen, Entomologen &amp; Entomo-Museologie (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entomologie). Sonderdruck von Entomologische, Berlin-Dahlem, Beihefte Band 2 - 4, Teil I - III, 1 - 540." type="journal article" year="1937">Horn &amp; Kahle (1937)</bibRefCitation>
and the later established and often very helpful database “Biographies of the Entomologists of the World” of the SDEI (http://sdei. senckenberg.de/biographies/index.php) both indicate that the collection of
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA50E73FC51F8F58A11F8A3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[980,1103,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
formed by Joseph Philippe de Clairville is at the NHMB (see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA50E73FDAAF8918C83F89F" author="Bousquet, Y." box="[559,733,1878,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="376" pagination="1 - 776" refId="ref5802" refString="Bousquet, Y. (2016) Litteratura Coleopterologica (1758 - 1900): a guide to selected books related to the taxonomy of Coleoptera with publication dates and notes. ZooKeys, 583, 1 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 583.7084" type="journal article" year="2016">Bousquet 2016</bibRefCitation>
). However, enquiries about and searches for specimens in that important collection have been in vain as not a single specimen relevant to our research could be found that might be attributed with certainty to Clairville. The following short overview of our desperate search led us to conclude that this collection must be considered completely lost.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA60E70FF42FF508ADFFD6A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
French Botanist and Entomologist Joseph Philippe de Clairville (1742–1830) lived in the French part of
<collectingCountry id="F367D5ABFFA60E70FF12FF7C8F43FF3A" box="[151,285,187,213]" name="Switzerland" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
in Aigle, Bex and Nyon in the years before 1780. He moved to Winterthur in 1782, where he stayed, with some interruptions, untill his death (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FDE4FF188D51FF16" author="Geilinger, G." box="[609,783,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="1931 - 1932" refId="ref6285" refString="Geilinger, G. (1932) Joseph Philippe de Clairville - Botaniker und Entomolog 1742 - 1830. Mitteilungen der Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft in Winterthur, 19 [1931 - 1932], 255 - 291." type="journal article" year="1932">Geilinger 1932</bibRefCitation>
). Between 1798 and 1806, two volumes of a book with the title “
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FF5DFEC48B0FFEF2" box="[216,1361,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
Entomologie helvétique ou catalogue des insectes de la
<collectingCountry id="F367D5ABFFA60E70FCDDFEC48DC0FEF2" box="[856,926,259,285]" name="Switzerland" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Suisse</collectingCountry>
rangés d’après une nouvelle méthode
</emphasis>
” were published anonymously.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FE37FEE08C30FEAE" author="Clairville, J. P." box="[434,622,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="1" refId="ref6070" refString="Clairville, J. P. (1811) Manuel d'herborisation en Suisse et en Valais, redige selon le systeme de Linne, corrige par ses propres principes. Avec l'indication d'un nouveau systeme derive egalement des principes de ce grand maitre. Par l'auteur de l'Entomologie helvetique. chez Steiner-Ziegler, Imprimeur Libraire, Winterthour, pp. [I] - XXVII + [1] - 382, 1 h. [&quot; Errata &quot;]" type="journal article" year="1811">Clairville (1811)</bibRefCitation>
declared them as his opus in a subsequent paper on botany and signed some copies (fig. 4). Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FD9FFE8C8C8BFE8A" author="Bousquet, Y." box="[538,725,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="1 - 776" refId="ref5802" refString="Bousquet, Y. (2016) Litteratura Coleopterologica (1758 - 1900): a guide to selected books related to the taxonomy of Coleoptera with publication dates and notes. ZooKeys, 583, 1 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 583.7084" type="journal article" year="2016">Bousquet (2016)</bibRefCitation>
noted that Clairville was the author of those volumes, including a short overview. It is worth noting that in these cases the name of the author should be enclosed in square brackets according to Recommendation 51D of the
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FDF2FE548D54FE42" author="ICZN" box="[631,778,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" refId="ref6704" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp" type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
which we follow in the present paper. Besides
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FA9AFE548F5FFE3E" authority=", Clairville" authorityName="Clairville" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhamphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FA9AFE548BCBFE42" box="[1311,1429,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Rhamphus</emphasis>
, Clairville
</taxonomicName>
described several important weevil genera such as
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FCBDFE708DFDFE3E" box="[824,931,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cossonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FCBDFE708DFDFE3E" box="[824,931,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Cossonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FC35FE708DA1FE3E" authorityName="Clairville &amp; Schellenberg" authorityYear="1798" box="[944,1023,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FC35FE708DA1FE3E" box="[944,1023,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Cionus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FBBEFE708A8EFE3E" box="[1083,1232,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhynchaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FBBEFE708A8EFE3E" box="[1083,1232,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Rhynchaenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Investigations on the whereabouts of his entomological collection revealed that nothing was present in the Naturmuseum Winterthur (
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FF1AFE388FE1FDF6" authority="Schnurrenberger" authorityName="Schnurrenberger" box="[159,447,511,537]" genus="Sabrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">Sabrina Schnurrenberger</taxonomicName>
, pers. comm.), except some archived literature and some documents. The museum preserves only objects from 1860 and later. Some traces of the herbarium by Clairville are known from
<collectingRegion id="49B45BD9FFA60E70FAD7FDE48BC3FDD2" box="[1362,1437,547,573]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Zurich</collectingRegion>
(https://www.herbarien.uzh.ch/de/belegsuche.html), where they were donated by the “Stadtbibliothek Winterthur” in 1901. But the herbarium is far from being complete (Alexander Kocyan, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA60E70FF42FD488C90FB92" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
In the “Bericht über die Verhandlungen der natuforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FB02FD488B0AFD46" author="Anonymous" box="[1159,1364,654,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="71" refId="ref5567" refString="Anonymous (1835) Bericht uber die Verhandlungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel vom August 1834 bis Juli 1835, Basel, Wilhelm Haas. Kurzer Bericht uber den Zustand der offentlichen naturwissenschaftlichen Sammlungen in Basel, 1835, 71." type="journal article" year="1835">Anonymous 1835</bibRefCitation>
) there is finally a compelling indication of the sad fate of the Clairville collection: on page 71 the following statement is made under “B. Zoologische Sammlung” where the first inventory of the early zoological collections in the Museum of Basel is presented―the museum then “Naturkundliche Sammlung” had been founded in 1821. In a separate room (according to the exposition at that time) the insects were presented, among them “1.) In einer an europäischen, vorzüglich schweizerischen Arten ziemlich reichen Käfersammlung, die einem grossen Theile nach aus Stücken der Clairville 'sehen Sammlung besteht, von J. J. Hagenbach im Jahr 1822 geordnet und benannt.” [a beetle collection rich in European and mainly Swiss species, which consists predominantly of pieces of the collection by Clairville, ordered and named by J.J. Hagenbach in 1822]. The mentioned Jacob Johann Hagenbach, also known as Hans Jakob Hagenbach, (1802-1825) was a seemingly very talented young entomologist (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FBCCFC148A8DFC02" author="Guyet, E. V." box="[1097,1235,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="361 - 404" refId="ref6445" refString="Guyet, E. V. (1974) Vom Naturalienkabinett der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich zum Zoologischen Museum der Universitat. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich, 119, 361 - 404." type="journal article" year="1974">Guyet 1974</bibRefCitation>
), who determined and ordered in his short lifetime the collection in the early Museum
<collectingRegion id="49B45BD9FFA60E70FC16FC308DBFFBFE" box="[915,993,1015,1041]" country="Switzerland" name="Zuerich" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Zurich</collectingRegion>
, where no traces at all are left (Michael Greef, pers. comm.), and also worked as “Konservator” (or entomological assistant) of the then invertebrate curator Willem De Haan from
<quantity id="4C8838DEFFA60E70FE1AFBF88C0AFBB6" box="[415,596,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.63296" metricValueMax="4.6355" metricValueMin="4.63042" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" unit="in" value="1824.0" valueMax="1825.0" valueMin="1823.0">1823 to 1825 in</quantity>
the “Königliches Museum in Leiden”, now Naturalis Biodiversity
<collectingRegion id="49B45BD9FFA60E70FAD7FBF88BC3FBB6" box="[1362,1437,1087,1113]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Center</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FF1AFBA48F48FB92" author="Lutz, M." box="[159,278,1123,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="84 - 387" refId="ref7049" refString="Lutz, M. (1826) Moderne Biographien oder kurze Nachrichten von dem Leben und Wirken interessanter Manner unserer Zeit, welche sich als Regenten, Feldherren, Staatsbeamte, Gelehrte und Kunstler, inder Schweiz ausgezeichnet haben. Den Lichtensteig, 3, 84 - 387." type="journal article" year="1826">Lutz 1826</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE1E8CAFFA60E70FEA7FBA48FC9FB92" author="Pont, A. C." box="[290,407,1122,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" pagination="125 - 154" refId="ref7507" refString="Pont, A. C. (1995) The Dipterist C. R. W. Wiedemann (1770 - 1840). His life, work and collections. Steenstrupia, Kobenhavn, 21, 125 - 154." type="journal article" year="1995">Pont 1995</bibRefCitation>
; Oscar Vorst, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCF953BFFA60E70FF42FB408CC3F9BE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FF42FB408EADFB4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FF42FB408EADFB4E" box="[199,243,1159,1185]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="The" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">The</location>
precious collection of
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FE6AFB408C07FB4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FE6AFB408C07FB4E" box="[495,601,1159,1185]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="Clairville" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Clairville</location>
was used to demonstrate insect diversity to the public in a big exposition in the early
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FF78FB6C8F9EFB2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FF78FB6C8F9EFB2A" box="[253,448,1195,1221]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="Museum of Basel" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Museum of Basel</location>
before 1821.
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FDDCFB6C8CEBFB2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FDDCFB6C8CEBFB2A" box="[601,693,1195,1221]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="Nothing" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Nothing</location>
is known or written about the subsequent history of that collection, later volumes of the same journal have been throughly checked.
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FCFDFB088DA3FB06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FCFDFB088DA3FB06" box="[888,1021,1231,1257]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="Presumably" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Presumably</location>
, the specimens were badly damaged by light and/or destroyed by
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FE52FB348C36FAE2" box="[471,616,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Dermestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dermestidae</taxonomicName>
.
<location id="8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FDF7FB348CF9FAE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D9242DFFA40E70FF12FB1A8CC3F9BE:8EAFC3E0FFA60E70FDF7FB348CF9FAE2" box="[626,679,1267,1293]" country="Germany" county="For" municipality="Clairville" name="Poor" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Poor</location>
curation of the collection and associated documentation in the early days certainly contributed to the collection’s demise: original labels and notes by
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAB0F41FFA60E70FBC7FAD08AF2FADE" box="[1090,1196,1303,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Clairville</collectingMunicipality>
seems to have beem replaced by homogenous looking labels with a red margin.
<collectingCounty id="62AEEDB7FFA60E70FCC7FAFC8D37FABA" box="[834,873,1339,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">For</collectingCounty>
example, the label pinned beneath
<specimenCount id="9D765EB2FFA60E70FA84FAFC8BC2FABA" box="[1281,1436,1339,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
from “
<collectingCountry id="F367D5ABFFA60E70FF5BFA988F31FA96" box="[222,367,1375,1401]" name="Germany" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Deutschland</collectingCountry>
” carries the inscription “
<taxonomicName id="4C70EEB8FFA60E70FD07FA988D37FA96" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1798" box="[642,873,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ramphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="377" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">
<emphasis id="B9044929FFA60E70FD07FA988D37FA96" box="[642,873,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Ramphus flavicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” (
<figureCitation id="134B89BEFFA60E70FC01FA988D8CFA96" box="[900,978,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,186,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-20@3.[151,1436,181,1831]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. (A). A page of the catalogue of the historical collection at ZMHB from numbers 54441 to 54470 (for Rhamphus see numbers 54461 and 54462). (B). Old catalogue of the collection of Hellwig and Illiger (for R. pulicarius see penultimate line). (C). Label of the series 54461 (R. pulicarius) at ZMHB. (D). Cover of the anonymous book (1798) signed by Clairville. (E) Label from the ancient collection at the NHMB. (F). A microscope slide probably including elytra and abdomen of one specimen of R. pulicarius at ZMHB. (G). A microscope slide including elytra and abdomen of one specimen of R. subaeneus at ZMHB." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6952568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6952568/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
)―the name of the genus without a letter “h”―which means the specimen can no longer be recognised with certainty as part of the
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FB36FA448B43FA72" box="[1203,1309,1411,1437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Clairville</collectorName>
collection.
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FF12FA608E9DFA2E" box="[151,195,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">The</collectorName>
label’s handwriting, at least of the investigated
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FD71FA608DFAFA2E" box="[756,932,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Curculionoidea</collectorName>
, might be
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FBA7FA608B25FA2E" box="[1058,1403,1447,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">J.J. Hagenbach’s. Comparison</collectorName>
of autobiographical notes investigated in the
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FDF1FA0C8DD8FA0A" box="[628,902,1483,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Staatsarchiv Basel-Stadt</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FC10FA0C8A1AFA0A" box="[917,1092,1483,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">Archivarien PA</collectorName>
838 A52 (1) and A53 (1)) and the labels show a remarkable similarity.
<collectorName id="2685F0EDFFA60E70FDE7FA288C94F9E6" box="[610,714,1519,1545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="377">However</collectorName>
, there are other insects in the NHMB, which are labelled in the same way, but with a different handwriting. Hence, this practise could have been used for other collections too, and is thus not restricted to Clairville’s specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink