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<document id="32A8D72E0751FE587FFC3ED586746068" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.120207" ID-ZooBank="55DBF63A-85CF-42C0-8218-15F310FB177A" ID-publisher-id="120207" URI-arpha="123D4283-0C8F-5E2E-9E65-4D0700BDBA20" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/55DBF63A-85CF-42C0-8218-15F310FB177A" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1718641467983" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Villarreal, Osvaldo, Ahumada-C., Daniela &amp; Navas-S., Gabriel R." docDate="2024" docId="81048E7E551E5B2E92B352410E0EFA65" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100(3): 803-820" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (3)" docSource="https://zse.pensoft.net/article/120207/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Eutimesius Roewer 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="820" masterDocId="123D42830C8F5E2E9E654D0700BDBA20" masterDocTitle="Exploring the diversity of Eutimesius Roewer, 1913: new species and records from Colombia and Venezuela (Opiliones, Gonyleptoidea, Stygnidae)" masterLastPageNumber="820" masterPageNumber="803" pageNumber="803" updateTime="1718641542068" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="75545F5228479A41970362AFE60CAE83" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="14622AE76DB4890389057475DE56C501">
<mods:title id="AFBD47C866E1AD172152A6AE2454C4CE">Exploring the diversity of Eutimesius Roewer, 1913: new species and records from Colombia and Venezuela (Opiliones, Gonyleptoidea, Stygnidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9BEE58F1037A2D812FD489F55986390A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3A3D3E9AD4CFC054BF1CE9562A1548D6">
<mods:roleTerm id="7C6F3FDA7DC0DA87337FB49D621177E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0D6B7E86CA81C18DB611A9D889558571">Villarreal, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B8DA82962BFF6DDD898E720C47982655" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5355-3723</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7C645530ECB734010D68F6EED54DBBBD">Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), km 11 carretera Panamericana, Altos de Pipe, edo. Miranda 1204 - A, Venezuela &amp; Instituto y Museo del Instituto de Zoología Agrícola, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 4579, Maracay 2101, Aragua, Venezuela &amp; Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional / UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="37573257EC891C3704B9EA53BBCF9500" type="personal">
<mods:role id="620F3438C9E002B7587D0A8F17D83704">
<mods:roleTerm id="72AC4E57F5E5BFA3E700084F260FF04D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="359FA9B86083DA08CF470C1A019FD4D4">Ahumada-C., Daniela</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FAAF1679ECDDB84CC2E153CE2A26D8C5" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4182-5143</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3317C53AB72B9C3923188C55F9DE055E">Grupo de Investigación Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Cartagena, Zaragocilla Cra. 50 # 24 - 120, Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2F7D88B8C673CB8B882508BB64E30C58" type="personal">
<mods:role id="70823710E8AFA5E2BAD6C864BAFA97AA">
<mods:roleTerm id="5ABD8CFA064A3482CF61741DFA3573F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8BEED8AB131B744C7AC6D29ACBFFD435">Navas-S., Gabriel R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A015D0F70CF42743EE2B5EF1EA4BBB96" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9554-6345</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="931FC7F35EE3006E5BCB1A4C3CB3B73A">Grupo de Investigación Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Cartagena, Zaragocilla Cra. 50 # 24 - 120, Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="624622536FE26A117356A7B4B5956F33">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4076F5525C5381F10451066D913AA825">
<mods:title id="9BC4E508B3B8D919277091701D8F1810">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="78E70A7BFA78837D3D953187BC0BEA6E">
<mods:date id="5205FEAFD2E76D4843B29CD21AF958D7">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="461EEAE7F4F1AD4DDFCD91660B1B445B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E39050C106BF67EA04C57F7075AD8E24">2024-06-17</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="376DA9422EECCDA65C9E86C9EFE3E181" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9718F9F9B42FE085E2F5FB2947AF5C4D">100</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6E949F0973C41A412A98DFC4441DCC0C" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F7FC072A73175559EBCA0752031AACD6">3</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="2115625A203D6DB720F77B12BF0E67A4" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E0B9C248D274DC3EAD17BF1C18BC749B">803</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D436F145A09C238357DBE9D0FDF28878">820</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="B8A8E96BF2F6693BA0124A0A08462F7C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="FB8E5F5766700EDF24323F3ACBCCA7D1" type="DOI">10.3897/zse.100.120207</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A425DC159ACE3C1982D87B957BB56293" type="ZooBank">55DBF63A-85CF-42C0-8218-15F310FB177A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="81048E7E551E5B2E92B352410E0EFA65" ID-arpha="81048E7E-551E-5B2E-92B3-52410E0EFA65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:81048E7E551E5B2E92B352410E0EFA65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/81048E7E551E5B2E92B352410E0EFA65">
<subSubSection id="22E5519656E8D63BCC8ED16301F4F620" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0614EAC01A4001B27B46AEEBA1F8DAE8">
<heading id="BAF5A223B7B138EA65AA7DA417CCDF7E" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="E861E9F5F502EC39E75A0180414ECE67" ID-CoL="7PFJY" authority="Roewer, 1913" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4B85C059D6B1A8183E054EBED95B8AC" italics="true">Eutimesius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="80EA53559F063CBE40C083EBC1278EBA" author="Roewer C-F" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A" pagination="257-472" refId="B13" refString="Roewer C-F (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 79 (5): 257 - 472. [Part 2]" title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores." volume="79" year="1913">Roewer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1CAE" type="Included species">
<paragraph id="459D53CF5FDA75DEFE1CCDF5AF389C9A">
<heading id="0210E01D9A79AEC5E541CAFBAC82E5A0" reason="title">Included species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7770692AFA4B2F870B7A788274E8ADB">
<taxonomicName id="2B8D4059E0E9C883ACF5038F599B0551" authority="(Roewer, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicinctus">
<emphasis id="AA662A1722B8A4BCECF61CB3606B7721" italics="true">Eutimesius albicinctus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="35A21BAFEA8CDF20DDF2B22C6425C265" author="Roewer C-F" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte" pagination="1-152" refId="B14" refString="Roewer C-F (1915) 106 neue Opilioniden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 81 (3): 1 - 152." title="106 neue Opilioniden." volume="81" year="1915">Roewer, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4A7547DC60BAD97A82F266E24AEFF6C5" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aroa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1D5BBFD03C20416A48C54DF896FF661F" italics="true">Eutimesius aroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71A3726B3E582B894A928B5137BB7CD1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="C960890D217CDA76227AAF7518EE9567" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canoabo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAF0CD835D23007EF2D29FC4EE522EA2" italics="true">Eutimesius canoabo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9ACF4629C5A44BCD1674090D5ED24857" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="026E9ECB17855B274F7A240980897E7D" authority="(Roewer, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippiatus">
<emphasis id="684D10D55515708F7B36546B3D59F429" italics="true">Eutimesius ephippiatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C328E9869D08AB524629133209F98ED6" author="Roewer C-F" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte" pagination="1-152" refId="B14" refString="Roewer C-F (1915) 106 neue Opilioniden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 81 (3): 1 - 152." title="106 neue Opilioniden." volume="81" year="1915">Roewer, 1915</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="0506D81F4FA821C4CFBAD564B4E27A4D" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guaichia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E1CF2279977826E18280709F79729397" italics="true">Eutimesius guaichia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ADA03DC95587C7C809674A3E0171B5D1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="BC5E75718467B912642FCEE7B852C28A" authority="(Rower, 1943)" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="0CED91753687E623A03C6CD95780B7D1" italics="true">Eutimesius ornatus</emphasis>
(Rower, 1943)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="D474472ABA55894F1976B8CD06FA03EE" authority="(Roewer, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatatus">
<emphasis id="769BE9F698FABFEEE3F75AF29477C34B" italics="true">Eutimesius punctatatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D300AB3435D6DFD77DCBBBB0E84F346D" author="Roewer C-F" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A" pagination="257-472" refId="B13" refString="Roewer C-F (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 79 (5): 257 - 472. [Part 2]" title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores." volume="79" year="1913">Roewer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="6FBF8F37E706A791A45EBDF6B0BFA975" authority="Roewer, 1913" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="0117A396E3E3021F10C098B024BCA343" italics="true">Eutimesius simoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1F69E41F744CF3944A170EE1F2B39767" author="Roewer C-F" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A" pagination="257-472" refId="B13" refString="Roewer C-F (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 79 (5): 257 - 472. [Part 2]" title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores." volume="79" year="1913">Roewer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYFAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="366C90D6F24B7CDD0B3E5DE48FC21E9E">
<heading id="B36A135A66464323AABD479C77612F17" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8480FE3C4505C28CDC8DDF8B9B261630">
<taxonomicName id="439BDFAA749BB4CC18A9EA841672D56A" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heterostygninae">Heterostygninae</taxonomicName>
with white, dry spot on the dorsal scutum. Carapace with interocular monticle or spine, and scutal area
<collectionCode id="480CCCC3F719E81DEEEF1F9A9BAAB039">III</collectionCode>
with two acute paramedian spines. Genital “ bauplan ” as
<taxonomicName id="9AD361254941B242B6EC9E80984EEEB6" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heterostygninae">Heterostygninae</taxonomicName>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIGAE" xlink_title="lamina parva">
<collectionCode id="1967BF0BCB0E16F71C39083FA896D332" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology">LP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
with distal cleft, and long basal “ neck. ”
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMGAE" xlink_title="macrosetae of penis">MS</abbrev>
- B ventrally positioned (Fig.
<figureCitation id="91A9FC08A36496AF3BD9E49C2E395B6C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Eutimesius sp., male (IAvH 3000054 - undescribed species from Norte de Santander, Colombia), showing the genital bauplan in the genus. Penis: A. Ventral view; B, E. Lateral views; C. Dorsal view; D. Apical view; F. MS - A, detail in lateral view. Abbreviations: GSt = gland, stylus; LP = lamina parva; Ma = malleus; MS = macrosetae of penis." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072629">1</figureCitation>
) when compared to
<taxonomicName id="3971BCF719CFB52976BFE994B9180865" authorityName="Pinto-da-Rocha" authorityYear="1997" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Innoxius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA770A709A37EB006FBC8582432F1AE3" italics="true">Innoxius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A4C6C65E8F11F63D6AA529D40351189B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure1" ID-arpha="4D1150D1-75B4-5CD6-ACB1-37F5D00320D2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072629" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="1BEFF60F41EBE277BCFB050966F93E79">
<label id="D09D1AD3EB1131DB3DD1470A0084CDDD">Figure 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3CE0C0F66E37910D4774C894699EF626">
<taxonomicName id="D88F01A0D447AF2171237500D05AE76C" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="BA4AACCC13CB08E60953CC3052E6EB44" italics="true">Eutimesius</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, male (
<named-content id="E252DABD60D6DDAC1F4B4AEE471E5CD0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/instituto-alexander-von-humboldt" xlink_title="Instituto Alexander von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva, Colombia">IAvH</named-content>
3000054 - undescribed species from Norte de Santander, Colombia), showing the genital bauplan in the genus. Penis:
<emphasis id="102594CD93123D9F06918ED18A69657A" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="043CD6B7EA9D9CC521BECE4A0ABBB641" bold="true">B, E.</emphasis>
Lateral views;
<emphasis id="5E5650AFBC60F02624430ED28B99B2A5" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Dorsal view;
<emphasis id="7657CD4E9358669999975068E63DC173" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Apical view;
<emphasis id="8FE0E94B6E4C4F9124AD5282E7969A8D" bold="true">F.</emphasis>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZHAE" xlink_title="macrosetae of penis">MS</abbrev>
- A, detail in lateral view. Abbreviations: GSt = gland, stylus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4HAE" xlink_title="lamina parva">LP</abbrev>
= lamina parva; Ma = malleus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBIAE" xlink_title="macrosetae of penis">MS</abbrev>
= macrosetae of penis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKIAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="78DF4F54E9715761AC2D2615F044CE91">
<heading id="07A36634F215CF21B6D4AD5356204964" reason="title">Distribution</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="52B0CD80F51BBEFDBC90612BB81EDC2E">
<emphasis id="54BB13C7D1FD0343ADC5257E33005D6C" bold="true">
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F8710F66DB8873B27430809715510BBB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Map showing the distribution of Eutimesius." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072630">2</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
So far, species of the genus (except the Amazonic
<taxonomicName id="720449D5F78412E3BB2F02FC5B209BCD" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="7E1DB5CBBCDE644455E93F4FC2E2E58A" italics="true">E. simoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are primarily known to be distributed in the Andes, specifically in the Cordillera Oriental of
<collectingCountry id="1CDF49257C40F5366090A3D45794469D" name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="EFCAB1464C4D1E435CF5206181AD6072" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13930" name="Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation" type="Herbarium">WWF</collectionCode>
ecoregion, Cordillera Oriental montane forests, NT 0118; and Northern Andean páramo, NT 1006) and in the Cordillera de
<collectingRegion id="A0ED170C81291CA57D7A0F4318515816" country="Venezuela" name="Merida">Mérida</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="7284570863A796BC1C7FD924E952E12D" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="3EEFB403D66A2ED8614124C7A2436641" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13930" name="Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation" type="Herbarium">WWF</collectionCode>
ecoregion, Venezuelan Andes montane forests, NT 0175). The records of
<taxonomicName id="BE96EC0C40F4AAFA5E91CA1E8BF214EF" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aroa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81867CC831F291DFEB5CE0D9CE1E3821" italics="true">Eutimesius aroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7A86957D7270B9CAA1D8674C4CA0684D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="7BD69B0B1B9BF9216A4A58790D7487BC" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canoabo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1218D4322DB9946D002DBE4E4847C096" italics="true">Eutimesius canoabo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="479EB9EB51319177817CEFA2487C3352" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="225EF6F4219F6DAD06901DD2CED7252C" authority="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S., 2024" authorityName="Villarreal &amp; Ahumada-C. &amp; Navas-S." authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guaichia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="16AD6E28EA3530012FE5EB77E18194F5" italics="true">Eutimesius guaichia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6B2BBEFE6A9FB1C4AF52CD7A5977BAAA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
represent the first occurrences of the genus — considered until now an Andean component — in the Venezuelan Coastal Range (
<collectionCode id="EE176ABCA7F9149A527A855CC5B03439" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13930" name="Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation" type="Herbarium">WWF</collectionCode>
ecoregion, Cordillera de la Costa montane forests, NT 0117) and the first records outside the Cordillera de
<collectingRegion id="7ECD56B1E01B7ACC80CB0E424C0E46BF" country="Venezuela" name="Merida">Mérida</collectingRegion>
in this country. Records of
<taxonomicName id="DE6006315DA323E6219D553E019FB800" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heterostygninae">Heterostygninae</taxonomicName>
in the Coast Range refer primarily to the genera
<taxonomicName id="DA062645746CC172C6675E30979713E3" authority="Simon, 1879" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Stygnoplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0D31C57AED2F93E5FF714D7574F6145A" italics="true">Stygnoplus</emphasis>
Simon, 1879
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D06A9052CC7E1219835C6111045BEC8F" authority="Roewer, 1913" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Stenostygnellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A70DEB0BCEE44625F78F0730724F3DDC" italics="true">Stenostygnellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="42DDB9517E86E0E4967CAD3F63CA8336" author="Roewer C-F" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A" pagination="257-472" refId="B13" refString="Roewer C-F (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 79 (5): 257 - 472. [Part 2]" title="Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones - Laniatores." volume="79" year="1913">Roewer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6E33A5B24805E7594FA0A530F75C0A37" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure2" ID-arpha="9AC8E1D8-3D58-5AD4-BAF9-64BB9D04D709" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072630" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="0229525C4F7C009DC2EF3FFA73A8CED3">
<label id="8524EDB5961B3667B6F4A646E745B8CD">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22EB4C7D73CE11F9D1561172945AAF23">
Map showing the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="0935B2184AF49000B9DE0D42059D8ECB" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BAA84755BCCB041FADC17986D8FD1461" italics="true">Eutimesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKLAE" type="natural history">
<paragraph id="0408D304438EDD15346171D8C504F6BE">
<heading id="6D40742638F8511DA91FAA070E0D9A49" reason="title">Natural history</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DDAA2C8D285B11DDB97259F703E601C">
<emphasis id="972E57834B3BB894FA773D115B73C793" bold="true">
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B1BDF3B034263517C4E9499B7F8F9C7F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Schematic diagram illustrating the known altitudinal range for species of Eutimesius, their biogeographic area of occurrence, the country, and the microhabitat used if known." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072631">3</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A42FD8C019E3B282A72AF16834E121DC" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Opiliones</taxonomicName>
exhibit diverse microhabitat preferences within forest ecosystems. Within the family
<taxonomicName id="2A315770907DC068C4ECE504C2C3EC73" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1879" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Stygnidae</taxonomicName>
, species demonstrate foraging locations within the understory, utilizing both arboreal substrates such as tree trunks and ground-level leaf litter.
<bibRefCitation id="0741F0D38CA4B59ACAF90F727E3947A0" DOI="10.1590/1678-4766e2019008" author="Villarreal O &amp; Sanchéz N &amp; De Ascenção A" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Série Zoologia" pagination="1-6" refId="B18" refString="Villarreal O, Sanchéz N, De Ascenção A (2019 b) New generic assignment to the harvestman Metaphareus punctatus (Opiliones: Stygnidae) and observations about it reproductive behavior. Iheringia. Série Zoologia 109 (1): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2019008" title="New generic assignment to the harvestman Metaphareus punctatus (Opiliones: Stygnidae) and observations about it reproductive behavior. Iheringia." volume="109">Villarreal et al. (2019 b</bibRefCitation>
) documented
<taxonomicName id="D6662CC95E27C84E222E629CF813CC5F" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="0AA1C2AB1A50CCE0A98C7C63087A44C1" italics="true">E. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
utilizing the upper vegetation, such as small trees and shrubs, positioned well above the forest floor at heights of 1.5–3 meters, for foraging and oviposition. Additionally, at least one species of
<taxonomicName id="5B9B6720717636AFBA6DC29D6F51C5F3" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Stenostygnellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AE313A84C522CF4AAB387F54E308CD9A" italics="true">Stenostygnellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported to deposit its eggs between the leaf and stem of certain palms (
<bibRefCitation id="1F75B4E87BC394EE92BDB13947BFBCB6" DOI="10.1636/Hi11-29.1" author="Villarreal and Machado" firstAuthor="Villarreal" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="500-502" refId="B16" refString="Villarreal O, Machado G (2011) First record of paternal care in the family Stygnidae (Opiliones: Laniatores). The Journal of Arachnology 39 (3): 500–502. https://doi.org/10.1636/Hi11-29.1" title="First record of paternal care in the family Stygnidae (Opiliones: Laniatores)." volume="39" year="2011">Villarreal and Machado 2011</bibRefCitation>
). The three species described here were consistently collected at heights between 1.5 and 2 meters above ground, exclusively within shrubby vegetation or small trees. A preference for microhabitat was suggested for species within this genus (
<bibRefCitation id="0E5311443FA38A2BD49D9186E7975828" DOI="10.1590/1678-4766e2019008" author="Villarreal O &amp; Sanchéz N &amp; De Ascenção A" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Série Zoologia" pagination="1-6" refId="B18" refString="Villarreal O, Sanchéz N, De Ascenção A (2019 b) New generic assignment to the harvestman Metaphareus punctatus (Opiliones: Stygnidae) and observations about it reproductive behavior. Iheringia. Série Zoologia 109 (1): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2019008" title="New generic assignment to the harvestman Metaphareus punctatus (Opiliones: Stygnidae) and observations about it reproductive behavior. Iheringia." volume="109">Villarreal et al. 2019 b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="554945E1A0FA6B2F541A5C0AFC17173E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.100.120207.figure3" ID-arpha="9586DA86-C785-5604-B386-EF0E420F6DCF" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1072631" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="EDE1D05C1C8422827261CB00CDB95B46">
<label id="1CC6389D0601D0506941395296199B9C">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BD8F2163E1F108CBE70C0818B29B9A9">
Schematic diagram illustrating the known altitudinal range for species of
<taxonomicName id="67268BF493B4ED5E7E4040C3902B434A" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AF8A7CB68A6C1B62188E759E76689091" italics="true">Eutimesius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, their biogeographic area of occurrence, the country, and the microhabitat used if known.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="93FBF82CA1C62D3848AF503398A21A95">
The altitudinal range occupied by species of this genus is extensive, ranging from low elevations in the Amazon to heights reaching 3,050 meters in the Venezuelan Andes. However, the majority of species are found above 1,000 meters, typically in cloud forest habitats. Only
<taxonomicName id="CE10793E1882B4EA7CD4E7D0D6550EAF" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
<emphasis id="F30A25391F3861C044A5A14D08D4EFE6" italics="true">E. simoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded in lowland areas between 70 and 110 meters in altitude, which is characteristic of the Amazonian region.
<taxonomicName id="E43F1AC0DAC6512407BF2DA1A0E7480C" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1915" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippiatus">
<emphasis id="E3B254614A65750444020CAE5A6557F3" italics="true">E. ephippiatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs at the foothills of the Andes between 500 and 1,000 meters. All other species occur above 1,000 meters in altitude. The highest altitude record corresponds to a single female from
<collectingRegion id="9F61195638FE22839D7443893D532A78" country="Venezuela" name="Tachira">Táchira state</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="1806A099D383ABBC1126C8D2D8339154" name="Venezuela">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="72A98F49B8821B4C35794AAD2615BE47" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Eutimesius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="84899FF18F5BE14792B89D2525FBCA50" italics="true">E. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="53DFF6E007F1C91BF4DE4FB25C7A2251" DOI="10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v33i4p163-342" author="Pinto-da-Rocha" firstAuthor="Pinto-da-Rocha" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos de Zoologia" pagination="163-342" refId="B12" refString="Pinto-da-Rocha R (1997) Systematic review of the neotropical family Stygnidae (Opiliones: Laniatores, Gonyleptoidea). Arquivos de Zoologia 33 (4): 163–342. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v33i4p163-342" title="Systematic review of the neotropical family Stygnidae (Opiliones: Laniatores, Gonyleptoidea)." volume="33" year="1997">Pinto-da-Rocha 1997</bibRefCitation>
), reaching
<quantity id="FB75791B22657A3ACFCAAD8C117D0E26" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" unit="m" value="3050.0">3,050 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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