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<mods:identifier id="0F1F4A43455ACE399C94620EF26BAD59" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3264D003741BEDD646505C9830EC52E0" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-240-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="73041D3A04FADF16EFC49E64AA160037" type="Pensoft-UUID">B699D9DE2B435B1093DE3C38C703D430</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9848D88A024F257DD76BB17CF144CA57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9848D88A024F257DD76BB17CF144CA57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9848D88A024F257DD76BB17CF144CA57" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="C8447DE83C5FCBFB1950810E830F1E0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="617C12F7B4934DF52D80C7CA75EE50EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="96B43FD742887E8AF588CE598EA465F3" ID-CoL="9CMHZ" authority="P. Browne, Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica: 279, t. 22, fig. 3. 1756." authorityName="P. Browne, Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica: 279, t. 22, fig. 3. 1756." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Zygia P. Browne, Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica: 279, t. 22, fig. 3. 1756.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84395CE6F7F65356406F14BDDBED2442" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="78C34B49A2EA9C651AE7EC1C18421D3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="88B1FC2DE61ACCDDC27654AD08445A4E" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 266</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2C8D20F9384D7AAE97BF553FAA747E74" captionStart="Figure 268" captionStartId="F275" captionText="Figure 268. Habitat and habit diversity in Inga clade A Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, arborescent shrub in sandy coastal scrub B Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza, buttressed emergent tree in rainforests C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, tree with thick corky bark in semi-deciduous forests D Inga bifoliolata D. B. O. S. Cardoso &amp; Amorim, scandent treelet of rainforest understory E Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico treelet of the Amazonian inundated forests (igapo) F Osodendron dinklagei (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen, giant tree from the Guinean forests in West tropical Africa. Photo credits A RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / B G Perez Huertas C F Ventura D, E D Cardoso F W Hawthorne." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure268" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014643" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 268</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="68154E428105175D9151B58829AF22FE" captionStart="Figure 274" captionStartId="F281" captionText="Figure 274. Leaf and inflorescence diversity in Zygia and Inga (Inga clade) A Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences B Zygia selloi (Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes C part of a leaf of Inga ingoiodes (Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions D dense pyramidal spike of Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. E elongate cylindrical spikes of Inga marginata Willd. F pedunculate capitate inflorescence of Inga cordistipula Mart. G terminal panicle of Inga vera Kunth. Photo credits A, D, F D Cardoso B M Magenta C, E, G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 274</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="78F688F2C6C58468C20EF9A05DE15747" captionStart="Figure 275" captionStartId="F282" captionText="Figure 275. Distribution of Zygia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure275" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014650" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 275</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADBFAA65D306B3740F5B4FE94869E2A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="A580462C750DAEB7C433AE73205D2EDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="97F49037BC4AD77357B425A733813667" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Caulanthon">Pithecellobium sect. Caulanthon</taxonomicName>
Benth., London J. Bot. 3: 197. 1844. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="206711138964EC6D52F486AC8E19447E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium unifoliolatum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unifoliolatum">Pithecellobium unifoliolatum</taxonomicName>
Benth. [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="293CD0DF34E3430422D8A16AE241E44C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia unifoliolata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unifoliolata">Zygia unifoliolata</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Pittier]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="454C07B1E5FC0152D72F2B2B22CE31D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="47EC83F303350954DF38CAB5AB42413D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Calliandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calliandra subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Caulanthon">Calliandra sect. Caulanthon</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. I.: 225. 1864. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="F1D8C5AE4CE7FEB7813D109747E90D30" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Calliandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calliandra latifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">Calliandra latifolia</taxonomicName>
(L.) Griseb. [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="017317AC4E3F47E4186803BF8F17E2AE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia latifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">Zygia latifolia</taxonomicName>
(L.) Fawc. &amp; Rendle]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA1ECF3EFA44134E722F1D924943D9F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="395BA2901C59A85105715DA14A1A0ACE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Marmaroxylon</taxonomicName>
Killip in Record, Trop. Woods 63: 3. 1940. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="AC990DCC285DE53280CA1401E0A8D2CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon racemosum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosum">Marmaroxylon racemosum</taxonomicName>
(Ducke) Killip [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="93B4D67520E06ED427FCD933085BC911" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium racemosum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosum">Pithecellobium racemosum</taxonomicName>
Ducke (≡ 
<taxonomicName id="50B834B90EC88F9F26D09FAEB317B068" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia racemosa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">Zygia racemosa</taxonomicName>
(Ducke) Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes)]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7AF3B630172DFE1DE334B973B09E7CE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8E25F7C6BBE8FCFFECE98BA10D18E30E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Callozygia">Pithecellobium sect. Callozygia</taxonomicName>
Barbosa, Caldasia 14: 400. 1986. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="8EA53ACF88BC6D9D79A160CC70BE620F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium lehmannii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">Pithecellobium lehmannii</taxonomicName>
Harms [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="84CB5E091776803F01C80D12788EEAD7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia lehmannii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">Zygia lehmannii</taxonomicName>
(Harms) Britton &amp; Rose]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8924E602BC1F31E5D5BACF31C3F0A51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="D88F0510169A2A87DB5042C085B5B1E1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Callozygia">Zygia sect. Callozygia</taxonomicName>
(Barbosa) L. Rico, Kew Bull. 46: 495. 1991. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="145D309154D5CC51F4FA2EDD7F3147E5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia lehmannii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmannii">Zygia lehmannii</taxonomicName>
(Harms) Britton &amp; Rose [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="71A9506271AE42350387872C3D49AFCA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium lehmanii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lehmanii">Pithecellobium lehmanii</taxonomicName>
Harms]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2C4CEC574E0CC9ACAFCD6660D8EA8E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="FF02A1D38AEDCC318D7ADD4B55D0B3E4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Macrophylla">Zygia sect. Macrophylla</taxonomicName>
L. Rico, Kew Bull. 46: 495. 1991. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="70B391A74598442804AC8F677400B95F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia macrophylla" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophylla">Zygia macrophylla</taxonomicName>
(Spruce ex Benth.) L. Rico [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="76B105552CDE167E11250B06F308FD27" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium macrophyllum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophyllum">Pithecellobium macrophyllum</taxonomicName>
Spruce ex Benth.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C4A50E35068AEC584206C4E58AC5092" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F5CEA2C430EF74893EBE64AE5117F76F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="989C0045885365B9CFCCB2EC41C0BD02">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71C4653B9C668CDB17883A9E026969ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="BED4A0F42A18742FFEC104CEE918872B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia latifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="5229A2201AA4ADBE0AE12A5E08463B1F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Fawc. &amp; Rendle [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="0CCA983DF0F6095E12900F73DCFE6A0A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Mimosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mimosa latifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="7DF779AAC4D40ED2C64E85F16FFB5E4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mimosa latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDFB476C8B35A6A4FF1EA1CFEE3869F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="D20DAF20CE6B5CDBD784B7087E94700B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACC0B267A3CDF82FA63017B9813A72D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Unarmed shrubs or small trees, rarely reaching 20 m height, rarely lianas (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9B2C6F5FE9247BA4645A2C8EADF96F47" captionStart="Figure 268" captionStartId="F275" captionText="Figure 268. Habitat and habit diversity in Inga clade A Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, arborescent shrub in sandy coastal scrub B Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza, buttressed emergent tree in rainforests C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes, tree with thick corky bark in semi-deciduous forests D Inga bifoliolata D. B. O. S. Cardoso &amp; Amorim, scandent treelet of rainforest understory E Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico treelet of the Amazonian inundated forests (igapo) F Osodendron dinklagei (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen, giant tree from the Guinean forests in West tropical Africa. Photo credits A RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / B G Perez Huertas C F Ventura D, E D Cardoso F W Hawthorne." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure268" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014643" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">268E</figureCitation>
); bark smooth or flaky, whitish or pale grey. 
<emphasis id="653E5897180CF166048E864FE61E4C81" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
small, ribbed, caducous, rarely persistent. 
<emphasis id="00B74C599499259056DC9DB18289F735" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
bipinnate, rarely paripinnate [
<taxonomicName id="2A6D96B5760309E6C735458C17873ACE" lsidName="Z. inundata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inundata">
<emphasis id="EC9BD1E3517336F1403D0063E76469CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. inundata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ducke) H.C. Lima ex Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes] or bifoliolate [
<taxonomicName id="D459A3B68357BBCFC9ED0BD5C43CD8A5" lsidName="Z. unifoliolata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unifoliolata">
<emphasis id="DEBFF04519BD13A3726013EA9F89B2A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. unifoliolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Pittier], pinnae 1-10 pairs, opposite; leaflets 1-23 pairs per pinna, sessile, opposite to subopposite, pinnately or palmately veined, frequently with the inner leaflet of proximal pair reduced; petiolar glands sessile, between or immediately below the first pinnae pair, additional glands usually present on the leaf rachis or pinnae rachides between the leaflets insertion, rarely absent (
<taxonomicName id="EA0DB6AC881DB0957723A7A37D253EFF" lsidName="Z. transamazonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="transamazonica">
<emphasis id="D1FAC54A88C7FEC33C542AE51DD8EAE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. transamazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes). 
<emphasis id="F660D013122D75D9FAB8683457886C35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence units</emphasis>
mostly capitate or spicate, exceptionally umbelliform capitula or racemes, isolated or clustered in cauliflorous or ramiflorous synflorescences on the trunk or branches (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6F505D329D39891FAB66CFEFF6A4EA77" captionStart="Figure 274" captionStartId="F281" captionText="Figure 274. Leaf and inflorescence diversity in Zygia and Inga (Inga clade) A Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences B Zygia selloi (Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes C part of a leaf of Inga ingoiodes (Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions D dense pyramidal spike of Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. E elongate cylindrical spikes of Inga marginata Willd. F pedunculate capitate inflorescence of Inga cordistipula Mart. G terminal panicle of Inga vera Kunth. Photo credits A, D, F D Cardoso B M Magenta C, E, G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">274A, B</figureCitation>
), rarely in leaf axils [
<taxonomicName id="6308F2F14133F6FB7ACAE77C72453C73" lsidName="Z. odoratissima" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="odoratissima">
<emphasis id="8AB884BB60DC961F14854231097FE74F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. odoratissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ducke) L. Rico and 
<taxonomicName id="121382EA7E2A815F497AC34D52C23FC9" lsidName="Z. ocumarensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ocumarensis">
<emphasis id="EBBD0D368F12931ADE67704C83BBAC3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. ocumarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pittier) Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes]. 
<emphasis id="302F63BF48CB59F826BD6D4621862E21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
usually 5-merous, homomorphic, sessile; calyx gamosepalous, cylindrical to campanulate; corolla gamopetalous, 5-lobed, tubular to funnel shaped; stamens 15-130; intrastaminal disc with a crenately lobed rim (absent in a few pluripinnate species); pollen in 16, 30-celled polyads; ovary sessile or almost so, (7) 8-17-ovulate. 
<emphasis id="E14CFE727A894F545F756BBB1B7C62B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
dehiscent through one or both margins, sessile, sometimes attenuate to a pseudo-stipe, flat-compressed or turgid, straight, falcate to slightly falcate, sometimes twisted (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7ABB4FAA70F16AA7A4E896665A7B7A49" captionStart="Figure 266" captionStartId="F273" captionText="Figure 266. Fruit diversity in Inga clade A young pod of Blanchetiodendron blanchetii (Benth.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B, C Leucochloron incuriale (Vell.) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes B dehisced follicular fruits exposing the seeds (C) D lomentiform fruit of Osodendron altissimum (Hook. f.) E. J. M. Koenen E indehiscent and internally septate pod of Osodendron leptophyllum (Harms) E. J. M. Koenen F auriculiform indehiscent pod of Robrichia schomburgkii (Benth.) A. R. M. Luz &amp; E. R. Souza G young fruit of Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes H dehisced twisted pod of Abarema diamantina E. Guerra, Iganci &amp; M. P. Morim exposing the reddish endocarp and bicoloured seeds I dehisced follicle of Macrosamanea amplissima (Ducke) Barneby &amp; J. W. Grimes J Young fruits of Zygia brenesii (Standl.) L. Rico K dehisced pods of Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton &amp; Rose L-O Indehiscent pods of Inga, with fleshy and sweety sarcotesta around the seeds L Inga grazielae (Vinha) T. D. Penn. M Inga capitata Desv. N Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. O Inga edulis Mart. Photo credits A, H LP Queiroz B NA Escobar C J Vieira D D Harris E P Latham, www. africanplants. senckenberg. de F LCampbell G, M, N RT Queiroz http: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com / I J Iganci J F Chinchila Romero K S de Jesus Calva L, O D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure266" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014641" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">266J, K</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="1A897BF30215E9B60A28F3666CD56F7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
flattened, discoid, veined or narrowly winged; testa papery, thin, smooth or wrinkled; pleurogram absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F30E1572B7DB71E355261E8E4A54B461" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure274" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014649" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 274" startId="F281">
<paragraph id="32444941408BB1AA7341D3F012A99696" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="863B40E99C52E1D4F671004F45DF9E98" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 274.</emphasis>
Leaf and inflorescence diversity in 
<taxonomicName id="73BC7C04C15A4B4D73A185E7A44EB96C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="52D6B67C7DAECCDDCDFEDE22167715D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="F522C1C00EDD706919C8473775E8C6A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="645934D619224E5A9440001687A84D04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="F7755878876CBE4D3A1D0B8BA13575BA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Inga</taxonomicName>
clade) 
<emphasis id="41443D4BF41F39794EBD96C63FED26B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B632FBED175943B48468AB547FDF388B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia juruana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juruana">
<emphasis id="C00737F27DA53964CA9917D79B1E1CC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia juruana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Harms) L. Rico, dense cauliflorous capitate inflorescences 
<emphasis id="C7439C1D1088A2F2BF1851EF56CF35DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2FAD0C1E5864FDBDF9042EC3D7435EE2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia selloi" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="selloi">
<emphasis id="A2FB1C7D59060F2B1904FBC60A9DCCF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia selloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) L. Rico with elongate cauliflorous spikes 
<emphasis id="618859F928F11A62D846B5C604496CEB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
part of a leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="940D9244CC5F86EB4FE9921CFE311398" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga ingoiodes" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ingoiodes">
<emphasis id="762C4D417233CB754C994C97309BBC57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga ingoiodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rich.) Willd. showing the winged leaf rachis and extrafloral nectaries between leaflet insertions 
<emphasis id="245581597E4990D1DF699E6BCF4A741B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
dense pyramidal spike of 
<taxonomicName id="4FF131EE9A48D440BF27512B523B9D36" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga grazielae" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grazielae">
<emphasis id="9288AC084C60E93EB4332A77F467ED0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga grazielae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Vinha) T.D. Penn. 
<emphasis id="824FD867FA235D6482DEDF9A0700D3BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
elongate cylindrical spikes of 
<taxonomicName id="8E96C2D75379F0CC865A86C6D8C89293" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga marginata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marginata">
<emphasis id="B752E57EDD3578B16FB53904BA3C55A7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga marginata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd. 
<emphasis id="23267F109AFCA5A42A17E34FB71CAB9E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
pedunculate capitate inflorescence of 
<taxonomicName id="DBB895C2D663C3AA52FDAF5C49E343AD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga cordistipula" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordistipula">
<emphasis id="22508DFCEC100C9E1D7AF5FA777BF9C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga cordistipula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mart. 
<emphasis id="06402438FAEC55C47103F0113CA622E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
terminal panicle of 
<taxonomicName id="4DA7AAA7050BC6DB1BC26B85362403F6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga vera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">
<emphasis id="F773EC74BCB7153C34720B875F13EA86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga vera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth. Photo credits 
<emphasis id="2740CF59DE82C9CB41176DA6522BB3C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, D, F</emphasis>
D Cardoso 
<emphasis id="48141DF4377C5846FB27365F453D9582" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
M Magenta 
<emphasis id="A9EE97DC0D789635697703E5770A27F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, E, G</emphasis>
RT Queiroz https://rubens-plantasdobrasil.blogspot.com/.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3EAE9D34901BF41AE08D9A2607C2618A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="3051B5A9E80D2824D91B301726A2AA43" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD98ADF5DEA4A498C124D559A35C5685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0530B6704DFFDAC47B3935FBFAC37101" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1A316446F78C29FB1B2FD605225EF873" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F030494064371630173894E06FB0F60D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
ca. 60 species from the Neotropics, distributed from Mexico to north-east Argentina, including the Caribbean, with the greatest diversity in Central America, Colombia, the Guianas and north-west Amazon (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E839B039DEB96643735986D5F95BD985" captionStart="Figure 275" captionStartId="F282" captionText="Figure 275. Distribution of Zygia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure275" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014650" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">275</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EB44A5D7F0F69CF7880FC389897FA4CD" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure275" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014650" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 275" startId="F282">
<paragraph id="4B74EEA76DC31618648BF927B96E5836" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F22640BF28F2E4E812C5DFF4CA68356B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 275.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="2CFC9420DD7BB47A3AE0BDF88865B6B6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7BA0F5857FEB73F14B89A0172ABE7634" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01A9F2AE88BCFD44EEB7BA6F6CD3C6F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="BAC2DF35951A59AFDDE056C9EE0D03C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4AB154D5090D0FDBB44F2C0D65AD5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Typically plants from wet forest understories, occurring in riparian forests and coastal habitats. They can extend from sea level mangroves up to 750 m elevation, in a few cases reaching 2600 m in northern Andean forests (
<bibRefCitation id="C2461C700B25A92FA0760AE35F0D3134" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" author="Rico, M de L" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="547 - 554" refId="B705" refString="Rico, M de L, 1994. Four new species of Zygia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Kew Bulletin 49: 547 - 554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" title="Four new species of Zygia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" volume="49" year="1994">Rico 1994</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39C2219CC917EE3135B25EDF4A0784AE" author="Barneby, RC" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 149" refId="B45" refString="Barneby, RC, Grimes, JW, 1997. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74 (2): 1 - 149" title="Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia." volume="74" year="1997">Barneby and Grimes 1997</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A8ECDA0879573232C45737B9A2D242A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" author="Stahl, B" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="453 - 456" refId="B827" refString="Stahl, B, Rico-Arce, L, Lewis, GP, 2010. Zygia nubigena sp. nov. (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) from a submontane cloud forest in western Ecuador. Nordic Journal of Botany 28 (4): 453 - 456, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" title="Zygia nubigena sp. nov. (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) from a submontane cloud forest in western Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" volume="28" year="2010">
<normalizedToken id="DDCD67F5B9BE87A16F088257C018D9E7" originalValue="Ståhl">Stahl</normalizedToken>
et al. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="320A20325C71D0495F1392701D25484F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="43F9E1FB00B5AE8405DA1ABBE1DA3A55" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="117981445E075B82030C0E834B457006" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
From the Greek 
<emphasis id="21916774C7D006BB269D6D29A8BAA093" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygo</emphasis>
referring to the single pair of joined pinnae and stamen filaments that are partially fused (Lewis and Rico Arce 2005).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DBFB9BC859D397589723D2236EF65392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
<paragraph id="321CF1D0B3441F86B1C89F437EA283B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E54074AC6A894DE078DF4F8B1E12CEF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
As nitrogen fixers, 
<taxonomicName id="E0DB4AE02467149A1CB010182556E09C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F4A53A21231FE1E318176DB96D635691" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are used for recovery of degraded areas, and they are used for carpentry in civil constructions and furniture making (
<bibRefCitation id="7D5A854B060E63BE030C745C174C3A1A" author="Sprent, JI" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B826" refString="Sprent, JI, 2001. Nodulation in Legumes. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, i-xii, 1-146." title="Nodulation in Legumes. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, i-xii, 1 - 146." year="2001">Sprent 2001</bibRefCitation>
; Lewis and Rico Arce 2005; Ribeiro et al. 2009).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="809A33337E71F6348178BF7D82433680" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="2F4E43A41C76651368B6E158AB8DFCE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56921589BC261AE89C61B05D82BFDBED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="40DD72B7760977A5E06223B86937D2D4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11471328C6F3634AE74AEBD4AB4D1BAB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="F2AC5262F22C030639648D56496945C6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.3.327" author="Browne, P" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B125" refString="Browne, P, 1756. The civil and natural history of Jamaica. London: printed for the author. https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.3.327" title="The civil and natural history of Jamaica. London: printed for the author." url="https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.1997.24.3.327" year="1756">Browne (1756)</bibRefCitation>
based mainly on fruit characters. However, 
<bibRefCitation id="482FBDFB1200AD5EA22DDA88FAFC1FA9" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="335 - 664" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" refId="B74" refString="Bentham, G, 1875. Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30 (3): 335 - 664, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" title="Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1875">Bentham (1875)</bibRefCitation>
included 
<taxonomicName id="B982FC80F654D8868D3F5777C533A38C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A325F6A06238FBC2E3A1921FE240006B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a section of his broadly circumscribed 
<taxonomicName id="081E9F22411919D88C72E15876D607DD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Pithecellobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pithecellobium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6490751AEDD117591307D09F5ED14E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pithecellobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mart., using characters from leaves and flowers. 
<taxonomicName id="5748ADB0218E829B69C3D323917ABF01" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CB4566C48706CB7B46D815E7F0D38B48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was later reinstated as a genus by 
<bibRefCitation id="0393FC31691E645B4DBBB2CA95D68C25" author="Fawcett, W" journalOrPublisher="New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B269" refString="Fawcett, W, Rendle, AB, 1920. Flora of Jamaica: Containing descriptions of the flowering plants known from the island, vol. 4, Dicotyledons: Families Leguminosae to Callictrichaceae. London: printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum." title="Flora of Jamaica: Containing descriptions of the flowering plants known from the island, vol. 4, Dicotyledons: Families Leguminosae to Callictrichaceae. London: printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum." year="1920">Fawcett and Rendle (1920)</bibRefCitation>
with 
<taxonomicName id="85C340B548EC2D5FFD4F142494DA19AD" lsidName="Z. latifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="0EFD49A17E0096E630106C585B816715" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the type species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7981CEE6D3EB8514612C03730B1B9E26" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The taxonomic limits of 
<taxonomicName id="8404907A69E45393F082D56F411FBF1F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EF9F6E37C2226EC5CA446C177A3E8C8B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="077C886991232C39DA21820EE4EB905A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5CB9013124E6CA7B26D2EC23BFD642FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been controversial, the two having been considered synonyms (
<bibRefCitation id="D0F30C5536FEC7CCCDF87395B43BEAB2" author="Nielsen, I" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="173 - 190" refId="B608" refString="Nielsen, I, 1981a. Ingeae. In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 173 - 190" title="Ingeae." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981 a">Nielsen 1981a</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="CF5FB67B687F329312C5D7EF4E59E426" author="Barneby, RC" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 149" refId="B45" refString="Barneby, RC, Grimes, JW, 1997. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74 (2): 1 - 149" title="Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia." volume="74" year="1997">Barneby and Grimes 1997</bibRefCitation>
) or as distinct genera (
<bibRefCitation id="731BC5018E270C7F6C81475D2C524504" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" author="Rico-Arce, M de L" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="493 - 521" refId="B703" refString="Rico-Arce, M de L, 1991. New species, combinations and synonyms for Zygia, Cojoba, Marmaroxylon and Pithecellobium (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae, Ingeae). Kew Bulletin 46: 493 - 521, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" title="New species, combinations and synonyms for Zygia, Cojoba, Marmaroxylon and Pithecellobium (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae, Ingeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" volume="46" year="1991">Rico-Arce 1991</bibRefCitation>
; Lewis and Rico Arce 2005). However, molecular phylogenetic studies (
<bibRefCitation id="ECC7BF41C9B98BB50F3EFB44EE11BBCF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" author="Ferm, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="661 - 672" refId="B276" refString="Ferm, J, Korall, P, Lewis, GP, Stahl, B, 2019. Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives. Taxon 68 (4): 661 - 672, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" title="Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" volume="68" year="2019">Ferm et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
) have clearly shown that species with multipinnate leaves (
<taxonomicName id="7D25EDFEF6E9758E64B532FD7E924B11" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AD6AAC04C537D7428AF3F5C88EAB7735" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are found intermixed with species with unipinnate leaves (
<taxonomicName id="DECB3F109A8E4B00D06C341B794943BB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="54BDEB2DEA3DE6796B003C6743BF2685" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) thus supporting the subsuming of 
<taxonomicName id="F86E8EE79D18922CCFD10C37B41B30C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DCC776D8C4213FFC2EEF33C098E9FC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<taxonomicName id="DFC9205302659E044E0A7720DD113E20" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0DBB9126DAA5D5AACE8BC79C90646628" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6623D76CABFD5738D5CE5AF1E48AFED4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phylogenetic studies also demonstrate the polyphyly of 
<taxonomicName id="8330DF03CE97A952DADC8289B1DE40FE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="984E7473F8AE9401F076A6A1FDEDF6ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including 
<taxonomicName id="58DB340B806BE20818FB12D995C3BB48" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6D4CFC7A7CA586A0B851E7E3E85C8B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but the taxonomy still needs to be updated (Ferm et al. in prep.). The non-cauliflorous and multipinnate-leaved 
<taxonomicName id="B0B979DB9710EB39AD69ECC0E3973F49" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="57EB02657034242BEB5C8E4701115339" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="F9D9FAEFA46F794F689008FBE58E7F77" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8B6CBDB75207EA966DBC64E6967EEBF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) 
<taxonomicName id="52D21810318031F08B397BA79778D670" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Marmaroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marmaroxylon ocumarensis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ocumarensis">
<emphasis id="0B08948E398271CB91C58FF6E231FBE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Marmaroxylon ocumarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is resolved as sister to 
<taxonomicName id="B09652241D70BE40325E7F07CD3CF54F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Macrosamanea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Macrosamanea" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98CDF0713FDD1C41E0EA59942510DA89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Macrosamanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="358817CCDCB418B9CD88EAF89BF8C1B9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" author="Ferm, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="661 - 672" refId="B276" refString="Ferm, J, Korall, P, Lewis, GP, Stahl, B, 2019. Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives. Taxon 68 (4): 661 - 672, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" title="Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" volume="68" year="2019">Ferm et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2827D1550F65A24228FE3CDAC779EE27" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
) and could be transferred to this genus (
<bibRefCitation id="105277141BE489F83B70F86161637F1D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). Similarly, 
<taxonomicName id="EAE39AFDED526DBB5905492A8F83099F" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. magdalenae" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
<emphasis id="8FAD36BC0C17CE915868D51CCA46004E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. magdalenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Killip ex L. Rico [treated as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="92336216A9080B2493848F3083C8BC0B" lsidName="Z. ocumarensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ocumarensis">
<emphasis id="EEEF14BDFAD6D0852E3AA39FA365F353" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. ocumarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E9ECBD7053094B3FA251119DB125F13" author="Barneby, RC" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 149" refId="B45" refString="Barneby, RC, Grimes, JW, 1997. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74 (2): 1 - 149" title="Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia." volume="74" year="1997">Barneby and Grimes (1997)</bibRefCitation>
] is nested in 
<taxonomicName id="8FC7A4608FA9A8944094F0C4F3D51EE8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Jupunba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Jupunba" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69FC1B9761EA5C9B97E89B0EDD5C2D01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jupunba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CC23426928B5574CB13BE90EC1A20EA7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" author="Ferm, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="661 - 672" refId="B276" refString="Ferm, J, Korall, P, Lewis, GP, Stahl, B, 2019. Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives. Taxon 68 (4): 661 - 672, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" title="Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" volume="68" year="2019">Ferm et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Finally, 
<taxonomicName id="E74387901C07DEEE964E0C571EAF651D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia inundata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inundata">
<emphasis id="72F2F0056CA5A7550A0C6B2953A621F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia inundata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ducke) H.C. Lima ex Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes and 
<taxonomicName id="4D8A25681F70DAF68ADB20F46E989C2A" lsidName="Z. sabatieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sabatieri">
<emphasis id="E5E0F292A1799081C14AB70247770D42" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Z. sabatieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Barneby &amp; J.W. Grimes are sister to 
<taxonomicName id="653AF05850099CDF4B872A3D50E039D0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E6978AB9E232C4BC800910FE6EA87AF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rather than grouping with the main 
<taxonomicName id="F3D556E4252340853842112654B22E16" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Zygia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zygia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9974D65F1D3C37D7BCABD75A95268FB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. Both species have dehiscent fruits, which distinguish them from 
<taxonomicName id="5B890A81FB3A9984FA72A4CC03F0F650" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="491D1AA3D7CD4774E8CB41F5474B4405" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has indehiscent fruits.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B09BAC9089D9EB80AFF10F07F2F234A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
<paragraph id="989C7DA92FC417379646AFBBD45EE50E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB60C70B31AA49A9C744D9D02D5CCF24" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="BFFEB65CD67EA9C7C137BFD98DF00D3B" author="Barneby, RC" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 149" refId="B45" refString="Barneby, RC, Grimes, JW, 1997. Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74 (2): 1 - 149" title="Silk tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's earring: a generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part II. Pithecellobium, Cojoba, and Zygia." volume="74" year="1997">Barneby and Grimes (1997)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E45CBAB39C86E31A4F2E0E81000D6F78" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Linnean Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="335 - 664" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" refId="B74" refString="Bentham, G, 1875. Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30 (3): 335 - 664, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" title="Revision of the Suborder Mimoseae." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88072#page/407/mode/1up" volume="30" year="1875">Bentham (1875)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="98AAFBA8DB38C0EAB7F3FBBD2306B732" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1933.tb55366.x" author="Britton, NL" journalOrPublisher="Annals New York Academy Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="101 - 208" refId="B113" refString="Britton, NL, Killip, EP, 1936. Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae of Colombia. Annals New York Academy Science 35 (3): 101 - 208, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1933.tb55366.x" title="Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae of Colombia." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1933.tb55366.x" volume="35" year="1936">Britton and Killip (1936)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="60C596110C2FBA12BC6E5D131DD8B111" author="Britton, NL" journalOrPublisher="North American Flora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 194" refId="B115" refString="Britton, NL, Rose, JN, 1928. Mimosaceae (Rosales). North American Flora 23: 1 - 194" title="Mimosaceae (Rosales)." volume="23" year="1928">Britton and Rose (1928)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="88432ED340F979A082ABB97B4FA08B33" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" author="Ferm, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="661 - 672" refId="B276" refString="Ferm, J, Korall, P, Lewis, GP, Stahl, B, 2019. Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives. Taxon 68 (4): 661 - 672, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" title="Phylogeny of the Neotropical legume genera Zygia and Marmaroxylon and close relatives." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12117" volume="68" year="2019">Ferm et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
; Lewis and Rico Arce (2005); 
<bibRefCitation id="A0FA566888BF04BD2A18999B76DD5CE6" author="Ribeiro, JELS" journalOrPublisher="New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B699" refString="Ribeiro, JELS, Hopkins, MJG, Vicentini, A, Sothers, CA, Costa, MA da S, Brito, JM, Souza, MAD, Martins, LHP, Lohman, LG, Assuncao, PACL, Pereira, EC, Silva, CF, Mesquita, MR, Procopio, LC, 1999. Flora da Reserva Ducke: Guia de Identificacao das Plantas vasculares de uma Floresta de Terra-Firme na Amazonia Central, Manaus: INPA/DFID, 816 pp." title="Flora da Reserva Ducke: Guia de Identificacao das Plantas vasculares de uma Floresta de Terra-Firme na Amazonia Central, Manaus: INPA / DFID, 816 pp." year="1999">Ribeiro et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="974829F5ADF7FA8E0CC42F6AC15635C8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" author="Rico-Arce, M de L" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="493 - 521" refId="B703" refString="Rico-Arce, M de L, 1991. New species, combinations and synonyms for Zygia, Cojoba, Marmaroxylon and Pithecellobium (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae, Ingeae). Kew Bulletin 46: 493 - 521, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" title="New species, combinations and synonyms for Zygia, Cojoba, Marmaroxylon and Pithecellobium (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae, Ingeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4110539" volume="46" year="1991">Rico-Arce (1991)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9268991BC1A38EFFA0A1CC66D7B9326A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" author="Rico, M de L" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="547 - 554" refId="B705" refString="Rico, M de L, 1994. Four new species of Zygia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Kew Bulletin 49: 547 - 554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" title="Four new species of Zygia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4114482" volume="49" year="1994">Rico (1994)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7A97B9E45EC84DA9831F83F9815304B7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" author="Stahl, B" journalOrPublisher="Nordic Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="453 - 456" refId="B827" refString="Stahl, B, Rico-Arce, L, Lewis, GP, 2010. Zygia nubigena sp. nov. (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) from a submontane cloud forest in western Ecuador. Nordic Journal of Botany 28 (4): 453 - 456, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" title="Zygia nubigena sp. nov. (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) from a submontane cloud forest in western Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.00829.x" volume="28" year="2010">
<normalizedToken id="275ECD98AF9B4A45EACF3C84F8342656" originalValue="Ståhl">Stahl</normalizedToken>
et al. (2010)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>