172 lines
18 KiB
XML
172 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="E69A1EBEC864E4245642DDFBC12EC352" ID-CLB-Dataset="30483" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4397.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b44266be-2443-4676-abd8-015e1e069156" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1202783" ID-ZooBank="DAB14765-7C9C-41FF-9ECF-563B82B9D258" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1521441517859" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Amr, Zuhair S., Abu, Mohammad A., Qumsiyeh, Mazin & Eid, Ehab" docDate="2018" docId="C32887CBFF84BA76FF3DF93BFEE7E919" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4397.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4397 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Microtus guentheri" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="3F11FFB3FF90BA63FFAAFFF7FFEDEA22" masterDocTitle="Systematics, distribution and ecological analysis of rodents in Jordan" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698532151927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="949222E8CAB787EF541F530669450AD9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7A6AAB2A665F6B47D2232D2604A0C51A">
|
||
<mods:title id="39BFE257B41A8674E1AABDFBFF3F2542">Systematics, distribution and ecological analysis of rodents in Jordan</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="056E825C7597D260109236C8130317F0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="36493B56BDF8BFC2011001F0BDA31D59">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="50CE334997EBD9BC21C139394F9F9DA6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8020205202A2AD9562BCB6D5072F7A6A">Amr, Zuhair S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="259F197BCC16D585D3C13D7A6B2F6834" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="DFD2DC89645310CDCEB6B9F7C36D2B9D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5684F179C2CEA777B10EAF241CEF2D58">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2D47C67CDBF4F48B2DE27318C20DF91C">Abu, Mohammad A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B8C49998F273D59AF1C202F26F76237C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="7677C75944F7EACEA87ED8B6D883C2F7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D1D9E02736520706748E5CF93E6420DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7509B8331348EB938EC3446AF70A86D3">Qumsiyeh, Mazin</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="3E6D8007067F6FA3145C6775C1EC15FF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F7F0D633A0497F7B00CA6874B1F06551">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="17CBACA3953EF3F3EFA4CB4C452A3C4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="25F9CE9AFBEB1EF68A9CF760FC352049">Eid, Ehab</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="DCCCCE4E5F040DDC767DFB27644F9221">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="BE4923B76EDAEEEF2978CEE11089CABB" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A32E5004FA0CBB76545842366FA67CEE">
|
||
<mods:title id="BBD6EBB91AB443FF6F4FB6BAC58FA38C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="96639F8C327D00E28A7C4796D062AAC4">
|
||
<mods:date id="00CE2A6065659522B96E04DECA845403">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="08D7C107C027C622502577578C4D8C0E" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="EEF446A21C81C6EEAF66B7A7892A0B0C">2018-03-19</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9CA716D722D119EF8D6802334543FE99" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="11F35D217DC8F8567F21D739AA142E3F">4397</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="48CA3EF57222229F05C064D6518002D8" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="40A4709391AE39E78B262F06784099AD">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="3FB226A32E1046038752A7DCC9C99474" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="DA44B90884FED88E8022B074A102A768">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="FC5FB5845CF45155B3E6C965AA62FF1E">94</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="04A29314EE9224E406900FAB0D4E77DD">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FAE7B11E8426AA1C3892015863DC489D" type="CLB-Dataset">30483</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1046CFE12E19DFFB85A76B84D14733E5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4397.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E16FB9B64832D121891FD14278B68930" type="GBIF-Dataset">b44266be-2443-4676-abd8-015e1e069156</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="677C671D50F8B6ACAC70119D6F2F41A3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1E9F8198C19EC063741810DD04D04B22" type="Zenodo-Dep">1202783</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="AD68CBD82A3B7471B616AF93EAA5A520" type="ZooBank">DAB14765-7C9C-41FF-9ECF-563B82B9D258</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="C32887CBFF84BA76FF3DF93BFEE7E919" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5991739" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142340552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5991739" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C32887CBFF84BA76FF3DF93BFEE7E919" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C32887CBFF84BA76FF3DF93BFEE7E919" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<subSubSection id="039B6556FF84BA77FF3DF93BFE07ED25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF84BA77FF3DF93BFD2AECC4" blockId="20.[151,711,1740,1799]" box="[151,711,1740,1766]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<heading id="107681B1FF84BA77FF3DF93BFD2AECC4" bold="true" box="[151,711,1740,1766]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF84BA77FF3DF93BFD2AECC4" authority="(Danford & Alston, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Danford & Alston" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[151,711,1740,1766]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FF3DF93BFD2AECC4" bold="true" box="[151,711,1740,1766]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FF3DF93BFE6DECC4" bold="true" box="[151,384,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Microtus guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
(Danford & Alston, 1880)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF84BA77FF3DF919FE07ED25" blockId="20.[151,711,1740,1799]" box="[151,490,1774,1799]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FF3DF919FEBAED25" bold="true" box="[151,343,1774,1799]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Common name:</emphasis>
|
||
Levant vole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="039B6556FF84BA76FF3DF8C1FC05EA92" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF84BA77FF3DF8C1FA62EDB5" blockId="20.[151,1437,1846,2015]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FF3DF8C1FEFEED6D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1846,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Fur color of dorsum reddish brown, grayish ventrally, weak line of demarcation. Ears and tail are very short (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FF84BA77FF77F8ACFEA3ED51" box="[221,334,1883,1908]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1609,1631]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,882,1587]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[264,1323,882,1587]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 21. The Levant vole,Microtus guentheri, from Aş Şarīḩ (photo by Mohammad Abu Baker)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202819/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figure 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hind feet with five tubercles on soles. Soles of hind feet densely haired posteriorly. Tail less than one third of head body length. Four pairs of mammae. Third upper molar with three re-entering folds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FF84BA77FABAF889FA6FEDB5" box="[1296,1410,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE22" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1904,1926]" captionTargetBox="[285,1299,269,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[264,1323,193,1883]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE22. A. Dorsal, Ventral, and Lateral views of the skull (scale bar = 10 mm), B. Upper, and C. Lower cheekteeth (scale bar = 1 mm) for Microtus guentheri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202821/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figure 22</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF84BA76FF6DF854FC05EA92" blockId="20.[151,1437,1846,2015]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,827]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FF6DF854FDF1ED9E" bold="true" box="[199,540,1955,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Localities: Previous records.</emphasis>
|
||
‘Ibbīn (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F104B2CFF84BA77FDD2F854FCA3ED99" box="[632,846,1955,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref31125" refString="Amr, Z. S. & Disi, A. M. (1988) Jordanian Mammals Acquired by the Jordan University Natural History Museum. Publication of the University of Jordan, Amman, 32 pp." type="book">Amr & Disi, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Aş Şarīḩ (Rifai
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FBBDF853FBA4ED9E" box="[1047,1097,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998).
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF84BA77FB1BF854FE8DEDFD" bold="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Materials extracted from owl pellets.</emphasis>
|
||
Marj Al Hammam (Obuch per. com.), ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8945F83FFF84BA77FC83F830FC65EDFD" box="[809,904,1991,2015]" country="Jordan" name="'Amman" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ammān</collectingRegion>
|
||
National park (Obuch per. com.), Wādī
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8945F83FFF84BA77FAF1F83FFA70EDFD" box="[1371,1437,1992,2015]" country="Jordan" name="Az Zarqa'" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Zarqā</collectingRegion>
|
||
Ma’in (Pokines per. com.).
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FE60FF60FD8AEA92" bold="true" box="[458,615,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">New records.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8945F83FFF85BA76FDC7FF60FD40EA92" box="[621,685,151,176]" country="Jordan" name="Ajlun" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ajlūn</collectingRegion>
|
||
Forest Reserve (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D3BA2A58FF85BA76FCC0FF60FC31EA92" box="[874,988,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1423,1445]" captionTargetBox="[275,1307,228,1368]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[264,1323,193,1401]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 23.Distribution of the Levant vole, Microtus guentheri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1202823/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figure 23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="039B6556FF85BA76FF6DFF4BFA83EB61" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF85BA76FF6DFF4BFA83EB61" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FF6DFF4BFEC1EAF7" bold="true" box="[199,300,188,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
The Levant vole is restricted to the Mediterranean biome. Some colonies were found in the transitional areas between Irbid and Al Mafraq. This is a colonial species where colonies may exceed 40 burrow systems per
|
||
<quantity id="8C799B38FF85BA76FE85FEF0FE67EB3D" box="[303,394,263,287]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
2. It shares burrows with the gray hamster (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FC0BFEF1FB45EB3D" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[929,1192,262,287]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Cricetulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="migratorius">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FC0BFEF1FB45EB3D" box="[929,1192,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Cricetulus migratorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Tristram’s jird (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FF0AFEDBFE9EEB61" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1892" box="[160,371,300,323]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Meriones" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tristrami">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FF0AFEDBFE9EEB61" box="[160,371,300,323]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Meriones tristrami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The barn owl (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FD9AFEDBFD75EB61" box="[560,664,298,323]" class="Aves" family="Tytonidae" genus="Tyto" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FD9AFEDBFD75EB61" box="[560,664,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Tyto alba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) feeds readily on the Levant vole (Dor, 1947; Rifai
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FB75FEDBFAFDEB61" box="[1247,1296,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="039B6556FF85BA76FF6DFEB9FD02E8A5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF85BA76FF6DFEB9FD02E8A5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FF6DFEB9FEC7EB45" bold="true" box="[199,298,334,359]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Biology:</emphasis>
|
||
Voles have enormous reproductive abilities. Gestation period lasts for 21 days, and females give birth to up to 10 new born. Each generation may produce 6 to 7 litters per year (Personal observations). Its populations may increase suddenly inflicting severe damage to crops. In 1992, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3396764DFF85BA76FC5BFE61FBD1EB8D" box="[1009,1084,406,431]" name="Jordan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
was plagued with a population explosion of the Levant Vole. This was manifested in severe damage of wheat fields, all summer crops (squash, watermelon, etc.) and destruction of stems of newly planted fruit trees. In the following year, the populations of this vole ceased and are now under control. The ecology and biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FC05FDF3FB65E839" baseAuthorityName="Danford & Alston" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[943,1160,514,539]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FC05FDF3FB65E839" box="[943,1160,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Microtus guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were studied in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3396764DFF85BA76FAE6FDF5FA71E839" box="[1356,1436,514,539]" name="Turkey" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Çolak
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FF59FDDFFEC0E81D" box="[243,301,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998). Burrows were abundant at the edges of fields, burrow systems were shallow with severalopenings with no food chambers. In captivity, females produced seven litters with an average litter size of 5.5 between September and June (Çolak
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FDCBFD87FD7FE8A5" box="[609,658,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="039B6556FF85BA76FF6DFD65FEE7E919" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="4B3E36DDFF85BA76FF6DFD65FEE7E919" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FF6DFD65FED0E889" bold="true" box="[199,317,658,683]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Harrison & Bates (1991) continued to unite
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FCC7FD65FC35E889" baseAuthorityName="Danford & Alston" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[877,984,658,683]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FCC7FD65FC35E889" box="[877,984,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FB8DFD63FB47E889" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[1063,1194,658,683]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="socialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FB8DFD63FBD3E889" box="[1063,1086,660,683]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FBFEFD65FB47E889" box="[1108,1194,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">socialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Morphological and geographic definition of the species has been unclear due partly to substantial geographic variation and partly to its confusion with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C814D5EFF85BA76FEE0FD2BFD5EE8D1" authority="(Kock & Nader, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Kock & Nader" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[330,691,730,755]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Microtus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="irani">
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FEE0FD2BFE45E8D1" box="[330,424,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">M. irani</emphasis>
|
||
(Kock & Nader, 1983)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Karyotype for this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3396764DFF85BA76FB9BFD2DFB6CE8D1" box="[1073,1153,730,755]" name="Turkey" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
was found to be 2n=54, NFa=68 and NF: 70. The autosomes consist of 52 acrocentric and 2 metacentric pairs of chromosomes (Çolak
|
||
<emphasis id="79F5EACFFF85BA76FA22FCF7FF40E919" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1997).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |