900 lines
159 KiB
XML
900 lines
159 KiB
XML
<document id="88EB800436FD11166D865DED28355D26" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4261.1.1SLASH10958" ID-CLB-Dataset="33106" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.571608" ID-GBIF-Dataset="06d40acc-4fc2-4de6-9aab-96f3776ef44c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="571608" ID-ZooBank="C097C43E-D522-46C4-9D64-76D3CD4BAD86" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1493970500952" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Sofian-Azirun, Mohd, Ya’Cob, Zubaidah, Chen, Chee Dhang, Lau, Koon Weng, Low, Van Lun, Pham, Xuan Da & Adler, Peter H." docDate="2017" docId="7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4261.1.1SLASH10958.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4261 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense Takaoka & Chen, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="8272FFD7B136A202FFBCFFCCFF96FFDA" masterDocTitle="The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="165" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698439275578" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9F5752558D406214FE1013F2B425A890">
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<mods:title id="0AE06A636256F3B6BD4125B4ED3D055C">The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ECB1A29F9E6582B3224C5F09D58483AD">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22A45D34DBBB24CB5CAF6B04125D3E67">Sofian-Azirun, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F6BC2E682C3A55E259F05AF237311D29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="88C9F63AC486CBD0D0D284816E172502">Ya’Cob, Zubaidah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1114B77BB3882DAE6670F7DA9D79D6B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="96AA6C5C19285FCBA48989BCBB3E610C">Chen, Chee Dhang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CB6A0392E1C4B177473008A41097F715">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B23B1DE32981AC160F253FFA6002BADE">Lau, Koon Weng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E3D5D2C21727E1771A86B4323A9AE35C">Low, Van Lun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B1D939C60AF2D37552E38BB5EA222AC">Pham, Xuan Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B4FECDD035EDE542F5547FF02B80EBF0">Adler, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="329844841536C938ECF253DF3BC5D600">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F8F3E5EA94674F387EA7F2B5B8358747">
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<mods:date id="1602051E23CBADC960A2686967D746CA">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="91324EAE31A1D8906EDA6AF1AD917924">4261</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A72603D39B32E647B55092879C1E5F44">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="052174F0DE306550CE6FADF62E103C44" type="CLB-Dataset">33106</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C9F2EB815A96CDF65679A0E5E13FC859" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.571608</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E18B2D516D32BDEF9AA68A8BD51CFD38" type="GBIF-Dataset">06d40acc-4fc2-4de6-9aab-96f3776ef44c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7BA51D858CA3EBB5080087162FD1E52D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927493" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128848504" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927493" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B117A223FF2BFE80FC57FEBC" box="[151,961,332,358]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F65D36B9B117A223FF2BFE80FC57FEBC" blockId="33.[151,961,332,358]" box="[151,961,332,358]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="AD1581D5B117A223FF2BFE80FC57FEBC" bold="true" box="[151,961,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FF2BFE80FC57FEBC" bold="true" box="[151,961,332,358]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB117A223FF2BFE80FCCBFEBC" ID-CoL="9HY85" authority="Takaoka & Chen" authorityName="Takaoka & Chen" box="[151,861,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quychauense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FF2BFE80FE99FEBC" bold="true" box="[151,271,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FEA3FE80FE47FEBC" bold="true" box="[287,465,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FE5DFE80FDE9FEBC" bold="true" box="[481,639,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">quychauense</emphasis>
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Takaoka & Chen
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B117A223FCD8FE80FC57FEBC" box="[868,961,332,358]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B117A221FF2BFE5EFD81FABC" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F65D36B9B117A223FF2BFE5EFDB0F837" blockId="33.[151,1437,402,2029]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FF2BFE5EFF42FE71" bold="true" box="[151,212,402,427]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Male</emphasis>
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. Body length
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<quantity id="311A9B5CB117A223FECAFE5FFE46FE70" box="[374,464,403,427]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FE60FE5EFD8CFE71" bold="true" box="[476,538,402,427]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Head</emphasis>
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. Wider than thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of large facets in 14 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows. Face brownish black, white pruinose. Clypeus brownish black, whitish pruinose, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark-brown longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and nine flagellomeres, dark brown except scape and pedicel yellow and base of first flagellomere whitish yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 1.8 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with five segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.0:1.2:2.5; third segment (
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<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FCBAFDABFCCFFD5A" box="[774,857,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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||
A) slender; sensory vesicle (
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||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FB19FDABFB6EFD5A" box="[1189,1272,615,640]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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A) ellipsoidal, small (0.2 times length of third segment), and with small opening.
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FC19FD47FC6CFD7E" bold="true" box="[933,1018,651,676]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thorax</emphasis>
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||
. Scutum brownish black, shiny and thinly gray pruinose on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like recumbent short hairs. Scutellum dark brown, covered with yellow short hairs and dark-brown longer upright hairs. Postnotum brownish black, and white pruinose when illuminated at certain angles, and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown, longer than deep, moderately covered with fine short hairs.
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FAE2FCD5FA02FCEA" bold="true" box="[1374,1428,793,816]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs</emphasis>
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||
. Foreleg: coxa whitish yellow; trochanter light brown except base yellow; femur medium brown with apical cap dark brown (though apical tip yellowish); tibia light brown except little less than apical one-third brownish black, and outer surface paler medially, and covered with yellow hairs on basal two-thirds of outer surface; tarsus brownish black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 6.9 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa dark brown; trochanter light brown except base whitish yellow; femur light to medium brown with apical cap dark brown (though apical tip yellow); tibia brownish black except basal one-third whitish yellow; tarsus brownish black except base of basitarsus dark yellow (border not well defined). Hind leg: coxa medium brown; trochanter whitish yellow; femur medium brown with base narrowly whitish yellow and apical cap dark brown (though apical tip whitish yellow); tibia (
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<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FE27FB9BFE78FBAA" box="[411,494,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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B) medium to dark brown except basal two-fifths yellow, and apical cap brownish black; tarsus (
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<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FE84FBB7FE1CFB4E" box="[312,394,1147,1172]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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||
C) medium brown except basal half of basitarsus grayish white (widely covered with dark hairs, thus border not well defined) and basal two-fifths of second tarsomere whitish; basitarsus (
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||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FA95FB52FAE9FB6D" box="[1321,1407,1182,1207]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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C) enlarged, 4.4 times as long as wide, and 0.9 and 0.8 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
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<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FEB7FB29FECDFB24" box="[267,347,1253,1278]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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||
C) as long as basal width, and 0.4 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
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<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FAD3FB29FF24FAF8" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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C) well developed.
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FE25FAC5FE43FAF8" bold="true" box="[409,469,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Length
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.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB117A223FD11FAC6FD7BFAF8" box="[685,749,1290,1314]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
with dark spinules and hairs except hairs on basal portion yellow. Subcosta without hairs. Hair tuft on base of radius yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R1 with dark spinules and hairs; R2 with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB117A223FCF9FA9FFC18FAB6" box="[837,910,1363,1388]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FCF9FA9FFC18FAB6" bold="true" box="[837,910,1363,1388]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Halter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. White except outer surface and basal stem darkened.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FEB3FAB5FEEBFA48" bold="true" box="[271,381,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of dark hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium to brownish black, covered with dark-brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–7 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral or lateral patches; ventral surface of abdomen light to dark brown though segments 2–4 paler.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB117A223FF2BFA2FFE94FA26" bold="true" box="[151,258,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite in ventral view as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FB90FA2FFBEAFA26" box="[1068,1148,1507,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FF23F9CBFF79F9C5" box="[159,239,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D) nearly rectangular, 1.8 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FB26F9CBFB7CF9C5" box="[1178,1258,1543,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D) bent inward, nearly parallel-sided, bluntly pointed apically and with apical spine; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FB66F9E6FABDF999" box="[1242,1323,1578,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
E) shorter than coxite (0.8 times length of coxite), 2.3 times as long as its greatest width at base, tapered to middle, then nearly parallel-sided and with round apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FC7BF9BDFB81F950" box="[967,1047,1649,1674]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with body transverse, 0.5 times as long as wide, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin appearing as flattened letter W, lateral margins somewhat emarginated basally, then slightly divergent posteriorly, and densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, directed forward, then convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FE39F933FE43F8C2" box="[389,469,1791,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
F) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in caudal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FB1FF933FB65F8C2" box="[1187,1267,1791,1816]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
G) trapezoidal, with ventral margin nearly straight though slightly produced medially, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip narrowly bare. Median sclerite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FBF3F88AFB36F885" box="[1103,1184,1862,1887]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D, F, H) plate-like and wide. Parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FED8F8A5FE21F858" box="[356,439,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B117A223FE27F8A6FE21F858" box="[411,439,1898,1922]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2013-01">13</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) of moderate size, each with four or five distinct long to short stout hooks. Aedeagal membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FEA2F841FEE7F87C" box="[286,369,1933,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B117A223FEE9F842FEE7F87C" box="[341,369,1934,1958]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2013-01">13</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) moderately setose; dorsal plate not defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FAD3F841FF22F813" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K) weakly sclerotized anterolaterally and without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB117A223FAACF87CFAF5F813" box="[1296,1379,1968,1993]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K) small, rounded, with 13 or 14 hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A29D6631B114A220FF2BF986FF6CF923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B114A220FF2BF986FF6CF923" blockId="34.[151,1436,1610,1785]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FF2BF986FEB5F985" bold="true" box="[151,291,1610,1632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB114A220FE37F986FCBFF9BA" box="[395,809,1610,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quychauense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FE37F986FE7DF9BA" box="[395,491,1610,1632]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FE41F986FD05F9BA" box="[509,659,1610,1632]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FD1AF986FCBFF9BA" box="[678,809,1610,1632]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">quychauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FC8FF986FC1EF9BA" bold="true" box="[819,904,1610,1632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B114A220FC8FF986FC1EF9BA" box="[819,904,1610,1632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D–K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B114A221FF7BF8EAFBCCFA99" blockId="34.[151,1437,1830,2032]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FF7BF8EAFE93F8E5" bold="true" box="[199,261,1830,1855]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB114A220FE08F8EBFD85F8E4" box="[436,531,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FD9FF8EAFDF7F8E5" bold="true" box="[547,609,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately and neatly covered with small round tubercles except antennal sheaths and ventral surface almost bare; antennal sheath without any protuberances; frons with three pairs of unbranched long trichomes with coiled or straight apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB114A220FBFAF8A1FB0BF85C" box="[1094,1181,1901,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
A); face with pair of unbranched long trichomes with straight apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB114A220FD6FF85CFCBCF873" box="[723,810,1936,1961]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
B); three frontal trichomes on each side arising close together, subequal in length to one another and somewhat longer than facial one.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB114A220FBE4F878FB3BF817" bold="true" box="[1112,1197,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles except dorsolateral portion of posterior half sparsely covered, and with three long dorsomedial trichomes of different lengths (anterior trichome longest, posterior one shortest) with coiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FF4EFF77FEDFFF0E" box="[242,329,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
C), two long anterolateral trichomes with straight apices (anterior trichome more slender and slightly shorter than posterior one) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FD8BFF12FD1DFF2D" box="[567,651,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
D), one medium-long mediolateral trichome with straight apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FAD3FF12FF22FEC1" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
E), and three ventrolateral trichomes with straight apices (one long, two short) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FBDEFECEFB20FEC1" box="[1122,1206,258,283]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
F) on each side; all trichomes unbranched. Gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FDBFFEE9FDF6FEE4" box="[515,608,293,318]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
G) composed of eight slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [(2+1)+(1+2)]+2 from dorsal to ventral, with medium-long common basal stalk having somewhat swollen transparent basal fenestra at base; common basal stalk 0.8–0.9 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets sharing short stalk, and dorsal and middle triplets each composed of one individual and two paired filaments and bearing short to medium-long primary and short secondary stalks; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 0.9–1.0 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.7–0.8 times length of interspiracular trunk, and 0.9 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets, 1.3 and 1.1 times as thick as stalks of dorsal and middle triplets, respectively; common stalk of dorsal and middle triplets as long as or shorter than primary stalks of dorsal and middle triplets; primary stalks of dorsal and middle triplets each much longer than secondary stalk; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of about 70 degrees when viewed laterally; all filaments damaged losing apical portion, thus no exact lengths known except one of middle triplet, which was intact and
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB115A221FEB1FD60FEF2FD1E" box="[269,356,684,708]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long from base of common basal stalk to apical tip); six filaments of dorsal and middle triplets probably subequal in length and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair probably subequal in length and thickness to each other (outer filament
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB115A221FD3CFD3FFD41FCD1" box="[640,727,755,780]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
from base of common basal stalk to broken tip), and 1.7 times as thick as six other filaments when compared basally; all filaments light brown, gradually tapered toward apex; cuticle of all filaments with moderately-defined annular ridges and furrows though becoming less marked apically, densely covered with minute tubercles.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FDD3FC91FD4BFCAC" bold="true" box="[623,733,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsally, all segments light yellow and without tubercles; segment 1 with one unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FC1BFC4CFC6EFC43" box="[935,1016,896,921]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
H) on each side; segment 2 with one unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta and five minute setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FC50FC68FBD2FC67" box="[1004,1092,932,957]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B115A221FB94FC69FBD2FC67" box="[1064,1092,933,957]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2014-01">14</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) submedially on each side; segments 3 and 4 each with four hooked spines and one minute seta on each side; segment 5 with one spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FAD3FC0BFF25FBD9" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
J) on right side and lacking spine-combs on left side; segments 6–8 each with spine-combs in transverse row and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side; segments 5–8 each with few minute setae near posterior margin on each side; segment 9 with comb-like groups of minute spines and pair of small terminal hooks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FABDFBFEFAC3FB90" box="[1281,1365,1074,1099]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
K, L). Ventrally, segment 4 with one unbranched hook (much smaller in size than those on segments 5–7) and few minute setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FF62FBB5FEB8FB4B" box="[222,302,1145,1170]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
M) on each side; segment 5 with pair of bifid hooks submedially and few short slender setae on each side; segments 6 and 7 each with pair of bifid inner and unbranched outer hooks somewhat spaced from each other and few short slender setae on each side; segments 4–8 with comb-like groups of minute spines. Each side of segment 9 with three grapnel-shaped hooklets.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD02FB2FFC81FB26" bold="true" box="[702,791,1251,1276]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FC95FB2FFCE9FB26" box="[809,895,1251,1276]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
N). Wall-pocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven except anterolateral and peripheral portions roughly woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; dorsomedial portion of anterior margin slightly produced anteriorly; 3.0 mm long by
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB115A221FC03FAE7FB83FA98" box="[959,1045,1323,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A221FF7BFA81FD81FABC" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[199,535,1357,1382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BFA81FE88FABC" bold="true" box="[199,286,1357,1382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Female</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FEE8FA81FE04FABC" bold="true" box="[340,402,1357,1382]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">larva</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B115A221FF7BFABDFC39F958" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A221FF7BFABDFE1AF9E0" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="468A3CE4B115A221FF7BFABDFCD9F9C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500194400" collectingDate="2015-12-11" collectionCode="UMSRP" collectorName="Vietnam" country="Vietnam" county="Male" elevation="73" location="Chau Dinh" municipality="Takaoka" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Nghe An Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BFABDFEE6FA50" bold="true" box="[199,368,1393,1418]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB115A221FF7BFABDFE94FA50" box="[199,258,1393,1418]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB115A221FE3DFABEFD8FFA50" box="[385,537,1394,1418]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
: Male (with its associated pupal exuviae) in 80% ethanol, labeled in a vial as [
|
||
<collectionCode id="90F3AE7CB115A221FF21FA59FE95FA77" box="[157,259,1429,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">UMSRP</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B115A221FEB2FA58FEFBFA77" box="[270,365,1428,1453]" name="Vietnam" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
0 26,
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB115A221FE11FA58FD8EFA77" box="[429,536,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FD9FFA59FCC1FA77" box="[547,855,1429,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quychauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD9FFA59FD1BFA77" box="[547,653,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD22FA59FD39FA76" box="[670,687,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD7AFA59FCC1FA77" box="[710,855,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">quychauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1F3C4E35B115A221FCD9FA58FC37FA77" box="[869,929,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Male</collectingCounty>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="5B17536FB115A221FC59FA58FBD1FA77" box="[997,1095,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Vietnam</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="825C1079B115A221FBEFFA58FB74FA77" box="[1107,1250,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2015-12-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9218E991B115A221FBEFFA58FB74FA77" box="[1107,1250,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2015-12-11">11-XII-2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1639ACC3B115A221FB51FA58FADDFA77" box="[1261,1355,1428,1453]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Takaoka</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FAEFFA59FA13FA77" box="[1363,1413,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
.], reared from pupa collected from a small stream (width 1.5–3.0 m, bottom of pebbles and sands, water temperature 18 ˚C, exposed to the sun,
|
||
<elevation id="7DCFD18AB115A221FE6FFA17FD14FA29" box="[467,642,1499,1524]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="73.0">
|
||
elevation
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB115A221FDF8FA10FD14FA29" box="[580,642,1500,1524]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="73.0">73 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 19˚30’45.487’’N/105˚09’09.261’’E), moderately flowing in a forest,
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B115A221FF2BFA33FE83F9C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B115A221FF2BFA33FE83F9C2" box="[151,277,1535,1560]" country="Vietnam" county="Male" municipality="Takaoka" name="Chau Dinh" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Nghe An Province">Chau Dinh</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B115A221FE9DFA33FE0EF9C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B115A221FE9DFA33FE0EF9C2" box="[289,408,1535,1560]" country="Vietnam" county="Male" municipality="Takaoka" name="Quy Chau" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Nghe An Province">Quy Chau</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB115A221FE18FA33FDECF9C2" box="[420,634,1535,1560]" country="Vietnam" name="Nghe An" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Nghe
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB115A221FE54F9CCFDECF9C2" box="[488,634,1535,1560]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">An Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B115A221FD3AFA33FCD9F9C2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B115A221FD3AFA33FCD9F9C2" box="[646,847,1535,1560]" country="Vietnam" county="Male" municipality="Takaoka" name="northern Vietnam" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Nghe An Province">northern Vietnam</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="825C1079B115A221FCE7FA33FC7CF9C2" box="[859,1002,1535,1560]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="2015-12-11">11-XII-2015</date>
|
||
, by H. Takaoka, M. Sofian-Azirun, C. D. Chen & K.W. Lau.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A221FF7BF98AFC39F958" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BF98AFE14F985" bold="true" box="[199,386,1606,1631]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||
. The pupa of this new species was collected from a dead tree leaf. Associated species were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FA3BF98BFEF4F958" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaudinhense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FA3BF98BFA03F984" box="[1415,1429,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF1CF9A6FF27F95B" box="[160,177,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF74F9A6FEF4F958" box="[200,354,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">chaudinhense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FED5F9A6FE55F95B" bold="true" box="[361,451,1642,1667]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B115A221FED5F9A6FE55F95B" box="[361,451,1642,1667]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FE6DF9A6FD17F958" box="[465,641,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FE6DF9A6FE49F95B" box="[465,479,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FE4AF9A6FD92F95B" box="[502,516,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FDA0F9A6FD17F958" box="[540,641,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FD0BF9A6FCB8F958" box="[695,814,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD0BF9A6FD5BF95B" box="[695,717,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD60F9A6FD67F95B" box="[732,753,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FCBEF9A7FCB8F958" box="[770,814,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">tani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(complex).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B115A221FF7BF942FDDBF97D" box="[199,589,1678,1703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A221FF7BF942FDDBF97D" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[199,589,1678,1703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BF942FEF6F97D" bold="true" box="[199,352,1678,1703]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B115A221FEDBF942FE50F97D" box="[359,454,1678,1703]" name="Vietnam" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB115A221FE68F942FDD7F97D" box="[468,577,1678,1703]" country="Vietnam" name="Nghe An" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Nghe An</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B115A221FF7BF97EFE92F935" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A221FF7BF97EFE92F935" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BF97EFED0F911" bold="true" box="[199,326,1714,1739]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FD9FF97EFD22F910" box="[547,692,1714,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quychauense">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD9FF97EFD22F910" box="[547,692,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">quychauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the district name,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB115A221FC5BF97EFBCAF911" box="[999,1116,1714,1739]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Quy Chau</collectingRegion>
|
||
, where this new species was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B115A227FF7BF936FC3EFEBE" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B115A227FF7BF936FF42FF22" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,2027]" lastBlockId="37.[151,1437,151,248]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FF7BF936FEA2F8C9" bold="true" box="[199,308,1786,1811]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This new species is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FD5AF936FCF7F8C8" box="[742,865,1786,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FD5AF936FCF7F8C8" box="[742,865,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FB73F936FAE3F8C8" box="[1231,1397,1786,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Gomphostilbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FB73F936FAE3F8C8" box="[1231,1397,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the yellow hair tuft on the base of the radius, enlarged male hind basitarsi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FB88F8D2FB15F8ED" box="[1076,1155,1822,1847]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
C) and ventral plate with lateral margins emarginated basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FD89F88EFD10F880" box="[565,646,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
D). This new species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FBB8F88EFB4EF880" box="[1028,1240,1858,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamdaoense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FBB8F88EFB84F883" box="[1028,1042,1858,1881]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FB96F88EFBADF883" box="[1066,1083,1858,1881]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FBEEF88EFB4EF880" box="[1106,1240,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">tamdaoense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described from a male reared from a pupa in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B115A221FD8EF8AAFD07F8A5" box="[562,657,1894,1919]" name="Vietnam" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B115A221FD23F8AAFC1AF8A5" author="Takaoka" box="[671,908,1894,1919]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z., Chen, C. D., Lau, K. W. & Pham, H. T. (2014 a) New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3838 (3), 347 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3838.3.6" type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FCBBF8ABFCAEF8A4" box="[775,824,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in having the same number of male upper-eye (large) facets in 14 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows, and relative size of the fore and hind basitarsi. It also is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB115A221FE95F863FE67F81C" box="[297,497,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thituyenae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FE95F863FEA1F81C" box="[297,311,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FEEDF863FEF4F81C" box="[337,354,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FEC0F862FE67F81C" box="[380,497,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">thituyenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described from a female reared from a pupa in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B115A221FB34F862FB71F81D" box="[1160,1255,1966,1991]" name="Vietnam" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B115A221FB44F862FF4BF831" author="Takaoka" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z., Chen, C. D., Lau, K. W. & Pham, X. D. (2015 a) The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thua Thien Hue and Lam Dong Provinces, Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3961 (1), 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB115A221FADDF863FA0AF81C" box="[1377,1436,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in having the small narrow pupal terminal hooks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB115A221FC81F81EFC19F830" box="[829,911,2002,2027]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
L). However, this new species is distinguished from both species by the absence of the spine-combs on abdominal segment 9, and also from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FB1BFF54FAECFF6A" box="[1191,1402,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamdaoense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FB1BFF54FB23FF75" box="[1191,1205,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FB70FF54FB4BFF75" box="[1228,1245,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FB48FF54FAECFF6A" box="[1268,1402,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">tamdaoense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of setae on the basal portion of the paramere (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FC8FFF70FC13FF0E" box="[819,901,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1610,1632]" captionTargetBox="[208,1380,212,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,193,1589]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 13. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle; B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (left side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571621/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B113A227FCD5FF70FC13FF0E" box="[873,901,188,212]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2013-01">13</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) and small narrow pupal terminal hooks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FAD3FF70FF22FF22" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[195,1385,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 14. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) quychauense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
L).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A29D6631B112A226FF2BF8F3FC5AF834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571622/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[251,1350,213,1823]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B112A226FF2BF8F3FC5AF834" blockId="36.[151,1436,1855,2030]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB112A226FF2BF8F3FE89F88E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1855,1877]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB112A226FEC6F8F3FC86F88F" box="[378,784,1855,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quychauense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB112A226FEC6F8F3FE4CF88F" box="[378,474,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB112A226FE54F8F3FDE8F88F" box="[488,638,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB112A226FD31F8F3FC86F88F" box="[653,784,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">quychauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB112A226FCAAF8F3FCF1F88E" bold="true" box="[790,871,1855,1876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B112A226FCAAF8F3FCF1F88E" box="[790,871,1855,1876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C–F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; J, Spine-comb on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 5; K & L, Terminal hooks (K, lateral view; L, caudal view); M, Hooklet and minute seta on ventral surface of abdominal segment 4; N, Cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for N; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A–F, H, I, K and L; 0.01 mm for J and M.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B113A227FF2BFE80FC3EFEBE" blockId="37.[151,936,332,358]" box="[151,936,332,358]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FF2BFE80FC3EFEBE" bold="true" box="[151,936,332,358]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FF2BFE80FCD1FEBC" authority="Takaoka & Lau" authorityName="Takaoka & Lau" box="[151,839,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FF2BFE80FE99FEBC" bold="true" box="[151,271,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEA3FE80FE47FEBC" bold="true" box="[287,465,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FE5DFE80FDECFEBC" bold="true" box="[481,634,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka & Lau
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B113A227FCF2FE80FC3EFEBE" box="[846,936,332,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B113A225FF2BFE5EFD81F942" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B113A227FF2BFE5EFAC5FE72" blockId="37.[151,1363,402,424]" box="[151,1363,402,424]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FF2BFE5EFDA9FE72" box="[151,575,402,424]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FF2BFE5EFF61FE72" box="[151,247,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEB9FE5EFE0DFE72" box="[261,411,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FE16FE5EFDA9FE72" box="[426,575,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: not Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim (in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B113A227FC42FE5EFB75FE72" author="Takaoka" box="[1022,1251,402,424]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z., Chen, C. D., Lau, K. W. & Pham, H. T. (2014 a) New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3838 (3), 347 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3838.3.6" type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FBE6FE5FFB11FE72" box="[1114,1159,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2014a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): 364–365.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B113A227FF2BFE19FBC4FD78" blockId="37.[151,1437,469,2012]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
This species was previously reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B113A227FD3FFE19FD74FE34" box="[643,738,469,494]" name="Vietnam" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FCB6FE1AFA0EFE34" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" box="[778,1432,469,494]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FCB6FE1AFC8EFE37" box="[778,792,470,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FC8DFE1AFCD4FE37" box="[817,834,470,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FCE7FE19FB96FE37" box="[859,1024,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally described from Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B113A227FDFCFE35FD31FDC8" box="[576,679,505,530]" name="Malaysia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B113A227FD0BFE35FC3DFDCB" author="Takaoka" box="[695,939,505,530]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z., Chen, C. D., Lau, K. W. & Pham, H. T. (2014 a) New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa, 3838 (3), 347 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3838.3.6" type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FC9DFE36FCC2FDCB" box="[801,852,505,529]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B113A227FC05FE35FC5CFDC8" author="Takaoka" box="[953,970,505,530]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z. & Hashim, R. (2014 d) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Zootaxa, 3765 (1), 54 - 68." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="d">d</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A DNA sequence-based analysis using the COI gene shows that this species is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FCBFFDD2FC6DFDEF" box="[771,1019,541,566]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FCBFFDD2FC87FDEF" box="[771,785,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FC97FDD2FCAAFDEF" box="[811,828,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FCEAFDD1FC6DFDEF" box="[854,1019,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Low
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FBF7FDD2FBEBFDEF" box="[1099,1149,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. unpublished data). This species is here described as a new species although our morphological reexamination of the males and their associated pupal exuviae collected from Tam Dao,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB113A227FD5FFDA9FC5CFDA4" box="[739,970,613,638]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Vinh
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB113A227FC9EFDA9FC5CFDA4" box="[802,970,613,638]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, reveals that they are almost identical to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FF4BFD46FE7CFD7B" box="[247,490,649,674]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FF4BFD46FE93FD7B" box="[247,261,650,673]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEA0FD46FEBBFD7B" box="[284,301,650,673]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEF9FD45FE7CFD7B" box="[325,490,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except for a few morphological features as noted later.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B113A224FF7BFD61FA0BF82F" blockId="37.[151,1437,469,2012]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,1796,2037]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FF7BFD61FE92FD1C" bold="true" box="[199,260,685,710]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB113A227FE15FD62FD92FD1F" box="[425,516,686,710]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FDADFD61FDD9FD1C" bold="true" box="[529,591,685,710]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Nearly as wide as thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of large facets in 12 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows. Face brownish black, white pruinose. Clypeus brownish black, whitish pruinose, moderately covered with golden-yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark-brown longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and nine flagellomeres, medium brown except scape and pedicel yellow and base of first flagellomere whitish yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 1.75 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with five segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.0:1.2:2.9; third segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FBEDFC49FB35FC44" box="[1105,1187,901,926]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
A) slender, somewhat produced posteromedially; sensory vesicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FD31FC65FD49FC18" box="[653,735,937,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
A) ellipsoidal, small (0.2 times length of third segment), and with opening of medium-size.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FE51FC01FDD4FC3C" bold="true" box="[493,578,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Scutum brownish black except anterolateral calli medium brown, shiny and thinly gray pruinose on shoulders, on wide area along each lateral margin and on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like recumbent short hairs. Scutellum light brown, covered with yellow short hairs and dark-brown longer upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum brownish black, shiny and white pruinose when illuminated at certain angles, and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown, longer than deep, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, moderately covered with fine short hairs.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEF2FB6AFE12FB67" bold="true" box="[334,388,1190,1213]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Foreleg: coxa whitish yellow; trochanter light brown except base yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown (though apical tip yellowish); tibia white to grayish except little less than apical one-third brownish black, and covered with white and yellow hairs on basal two-thirds of outer surface and white sheen on basal two-thirds of outer surface when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus brownish black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 8.0 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa medium brown except posterior surface dark brown; trochanter light brown except base whitish yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown (though apical tip yellow); tibia medium brown except basal one-third whitish yellow; tarsus dark brown except basal half of basitarsus dark yellow to light brown (border in middle not well defined). Hind leg: coxa light brown though apical portion whitish yellow; trochanter whitish yellow; femur light brown with base narrowly whitish yellow and apical cap dark brown (though apical tip whitish yellow); tibia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FC61FA25FBBAF9D8" box="[989,1068,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
B) dark brown to brownish black except little less than basal half whitish yellow; tarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FD40F9C1FCDDF9FC" box="[764,843,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
C) medium to dark brown except little less than basal half of basitarsus and basal half of second tarsomere yellowish; basitarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FC5CF9FDFBB9F990" box="[992,1071,1585,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
C) enlarged, 3.5 times as long as wide, and 1.0 and 1.2 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FB68F999FAB2F9B4" box="[1236,1316,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
C) slightly shorter than basal width, and 0.3 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FB50F9B5FAD4F948" box="[1260,1346,1657,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
C) well developed.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FEA1F951FECFF96C" bold="true" box="[285,345,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB113A227FE77F952FDBCF96F" box="[459,554,1694,1718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB113A227FD86F952FDECF96C" box="[570,634,1694,1718]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
with dark spinules and hairs except hairs on basal portion yellow. Subcosta with two to four hairs. Hair tuft on base of radius yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R1 with dark spinules and hairs; R2 with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB113A227FCF8F924FC1BF8DB" box="[836,909,1768,1793]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FCF8F924FC1BF8DB" bold="true" box="[836,909,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Halter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. White except basal stem darkened.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FA9AF924FA02F8DB" bold="true" box="[1318,1428,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of dark hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium to dark brown, covered with dark-brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–7 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral or lateral patches; ventral surface of abdomen light to dark brown except segments 2 and 3 pale.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB113A227FC19F89AFB86F8B5" bold="true" box="[933,1040,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Coxites, styles and ventral plate in ventral view as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FEDAF8B7FE23F84E" box="[358,437,1915,1940]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
D. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FD5EF8B7FCA4F84E" box="[738,818,1915,1940]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
D) nearly rectangular, 1.91 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FE63F852FDB9F86D" box="[479,559,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
D) bent inward, nearly parallel-sided, bluntly pointed apically and with apical spine; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB113A227FDA9F80FFDF3F806" box="[533,613,1987,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
E) shorter than coxite (0.8 times length of coxite), 2.1 times as long as its greatest width at base, slightly tapered to apex, and with truncated apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB110A224FA91F8C8FAE8F8C7" box="[1325,1406,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with body transverse, 0.6 times as long as wide, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin somewhat concave medially (though posterior margin slightly convex medially), lateral margins slightly emarginated near base, and densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, slightly divergent, then convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB110A224FC70F858FB8AF877" box="[972,1052,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
F) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in caudal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB110A224FE5AF874FDA1F80B" box="[486,567,1976,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
G) trapezoidal, with ventral margin nearly straight though slightly produced medially, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip narrowly bare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A29D6631B110A224FF2BF9E1FD8DF907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" targetPageId="38">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B110A224FF2BF9E1FD8DF907" blockId="38.[151,1436,1581,1757]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB110A224FF2BF9E1FEB5F999" bold="true" box="[151,291,1581,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB110A224FE30F9E1FCB1F999" box="[396,807,1581,1603]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB110A224FE30F9E1FE7AF999" box="[396,492,1581,1603]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB110A224FE42F9E1FD02F999" box="[510,660,1581,1603]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB110A224FD1BF9E1FCB1F999" box="[679,807,1581,1603]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB110A224FC8EF9E2FC11F999" bold="true" box="[818,903,1582,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B110A224FC8EF9E2FC11F999" box="[818,903,1582,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D–K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B111A225FF2BFF5BFDB3FE9A" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Median sclerite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FEE8FF5BFE32FF6A" box="[340,420,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
H) plate-like and wide. Parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FC88FF5BFC12FF6A" box="[820,900,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FCD4FF5BFC12FF6A" box="[872,900,151,176]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2015-01">15</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) of moderate size, each with four distinct long and medium-long stout hooks and several smaller ones including smallest ones on middle part of basal arm. Aedeagal membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FE33FF13FE77FF22" box="[399,481,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FE79FF13FE77FF22" box="[453,481,223,248]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2015-01">15</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) moderately setose; dorsal plate not defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FF7EFEC8FE85FEC7" box="[194,275,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K) weakly sclerotized anteriorly and without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FAAAFEC8FAF1FEC7" box="[1302,1383,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K) small, rounded, with 11 or 12 hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B111A225FF7BFE80FAC7F9AF" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FF7BFE80FE93FEBF" bold="true" box="[199,261,332,357]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FE1AFE80FD96FEBE" box="[422,512,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FDB7FE80FDDFFEBF" bold="true" box="[523,585,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with small round tubercles except antennal sheaths and ventral surface almost bare; antennal sheath without any protuberances; frons with three pairs of unbranched long trichomes with coiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FD60FE58FCA6FE77" box="[732,816,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
A); face with pair of unbranched long trichomes with coiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FE82FE7BFE02FE0A" box="[318,404,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
B); three frontal trichomes on each side arising close together, subequal in length to one another and slightly longer than facial one.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FD3FFE10FD4EFE2F" bold="true" box="[643,728,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles, and with three long dorsomedial trichomes of different lengths (anterior trichome longest, posterior one shortest) with coiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FECBFDE8FE5CFDE7" box="[375,458,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
C), two long anterolateral trichomes (anterior trichome shorter and more slender than posterior one and with straight apex, and posterior one with coiled apex) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FC76FD8BFB8CFDBA" box="[970,1050,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
D), one medium-long mediolateral trichome with straight apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FE5EFDA0FDA3FD5F" box="[482,565,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
E), and three ventrolateral trichomes (one medium-long and two short) with straight apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FEFAFD43FE03FD72" box="[326,405,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
F) on each side; all trichomes unbranched. Gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FC12FD43FC6BFD72" box="[942,1021,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
G) composed of eight slender threadlike filaments, arranged as [3+(1+2)]+2 from dorsal to ventral, with medium-long common basal stalk having somewhat swollen transparent basal fenestra at base; common basal stalk 0.65–0.76 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets sharing short stalk, and dorsal triplet composed of three individual filaments arising at same level, with short stalk, middle triplet composed of one individual and two paired filaments and bearing short primary and secondary stalks; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 1.2–1.6 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.9 times length of interspiracular trunk, and 0.9–1.0 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; common stalk of dorsal and middle triplets 0.7–1.3 and 0.5–1.0 times lengths of primary stalks of dorsal and middle triplets, respectively; middle triplet primary stalk 1.3–9.3 times length of secondary stalk; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of 60–80 degrees when viewed laterally; six filaments of dorsal and middle triplets subequal in length (
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FC07FC34FBD3FBCA" box="[955,1093,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (3.0 mm) and thickness to each other, and 1.4 times as thick as six other filaments when compared basally; all filaments light brown, gradually tapered toward apex; cuticle of all filaments with well-defined annular ridges and furrows though becoming less marked apically, densely covered with minute tubercles.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FE20FB4BFD9CFB7A" bold="true" box="[412,522,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsally, all segments unpigmented and without tubercles; segment 1 with one unbranched slender short hair-like seta (similar to
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FD72FB60FC8BFB1F" box="[718,797,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
H) on each side; segment 2 with one unbranched slender short hair-like seta and five somewhat spinous minute setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FC83FB03FC18FB32" box="[831,910,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
H) submedially on each side; segments 3 and 4 each with four hooked spines and one somewhat spinous minute seta on each side; segment 5 lacking spine-combs and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side; segments 6–9 each with spine-combs in transverse row and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side; segments 5–8 each with few minute setae near posterior margin on each side; segment 9 with pair of wide flat terminal hooks, of which outer margin is 2.6–3.2 times length of inner margin and crenulated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FE1CFA48FE67FA47" box="[416,497,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FE69FA48FE67FA47" box="[469,497,1412,1437]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2016-01">16</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) when viewed caudally. Ventrally, segment 4 with one unbranched hook (subequal in size to those on segments 5–7) and few slender short setae on each side; segment 5 with pair of bifid hooks submedially and few short slender setae on each side; segments 6 and 7 each with pair of bifid inner and unbranched outer hooks somewhat spaced from each other and few short slender setae on each side; segments 4–8 each with comb-like groups of minute spines. Each side of segment 9 with three grapnel-shaped hooklets.
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FAFFF9D8FA0DF9F7" bold="true" box="[1347,1435,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB111A225FF23F9FBFF62F98A" box="[159,244,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
J, K). Wall-pocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; dorsomedial portion of anterior margin slightly to somewhat produced anteriorly; 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FC73F990FBB5F9AE" box="[975,1059,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FB0BF990FA9BF9AE" box="[1207,1293,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B111A225FF7BF9B3FD81F942" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,535,1663,1688]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FF7BF9B3FE88F942" bold="true" box="[199,286,1663,1688]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Female</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FEE8F9B3FE04F942" bold="true" box="[340,402,1663,1688]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">larva</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B111A22BFF7BF968FEBEFF2F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B111A225FF7BF968FDA0F862" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="468A3CE4B111A225FF7BF968FD6EF897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500194413" collectingDate="2013-11-08" collectionCode="UMSRP" collectorName="Vietnam" country="Vietnam" county="Male" elevation="5" location="Tam Dao National Park" municipality="Takaoka" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FF7BF968FEF8F967" bold="true" box="[199,366,1700,1725]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FF7BF968FE94F967" box="[199,258,1700,1725]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FEC0F968FD82F966" box="[380,532,1700,1724]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
: Male (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) in 80% ethanol, labeled in a vial as [
|
||
<collectionCode id="90F3AE7CB111A225FEBEF904FEFEF93A" box="[258,360,1736,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">UMSRP</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B111A225FEC8F90BFE45F93A" box="[372,467,1735,1760]" name="Vietnam" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
0 27,
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FDAFF90BFDE8F93A" box="[531,638,1735,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB111A225FD36F904FC2DF93A" box="[650,955,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FD36F904FD62F93A" box="[650,756,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FCB9F904FC80F905" box="[773,790,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FC92F904FC2DF93A" box="[814,955,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1F3C4E35B111A225FC76F90BFB90F93A" box="[970,1030,1735,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Male</collectingCounty>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="5B17536FB111A225FBF7F90BFB3BF93A" box="[1099,1197,1735,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FB05F904FAA4F93A" box="[1209,1330,1736,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2013-11-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9218E991B111A225FB05F904FAA4F93A" box="[1209,1330,1736,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2013-11-08">8-XI-2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1639ACC3B111A225FA82F90BFA0AF93A" box="[1342,1436,1735,1760]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Takaoka</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FF2BF921FF44F8DE" box="[151,210,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
], reared from a pupa collected from a small stream (width
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FC35F920FC58F8DE" box="[905,974,1772,1797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="0.5">
|
||
<elevation id="7DCFD18AB111A225FC35F920FC58F8DE" box="[905,974,1772,1797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, bottom rocky, water temperature 17˚C, shaded,
|
||
<elevation id="7DCFD18AB111A225FF48F8C3FE3BF8FD" box="[244,429,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="975.0">
|
||
elevation
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB111A225FEDEF8C3FE3BF8FD" box="[354,429,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="975.0">975 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 21˚27’501’’N/105˚38’941’’E), slow-flowing in bushes along the road near the
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B111A225FA88F8DCFEA3F897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B111A225FA88F8DCFEA3F897" country="Vietnam" county="Male" municipality="Takaoka" name="Tam Dao National Park" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc Province">Tam Dao National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB111A225FEFCF8F8FDB3F897" box="[320,549,1844,1869]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Vinh
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB111A225FEC2F8F8FDB3F897" box="[382,549,1844,1869]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B111A225FD93F8F8FD6EF897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B111A225FD93F8F8FD6EF897" box="[559,760,1844,1869]" country="Vietnam" county="Male" municipality="Takaoka" name="northern Vietnam" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc Province">northern Vietnam</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FCBFF8F8FCEAF896" box="[771,892,1844,1868]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2013-11-08">8-XI-2013</date>
|
||
, by H. Takaoka, M. Sofian-Azirun & Z. Ya’cob.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="468A3CE4B111A225FF2BF894FDA0F862" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1500194409" collectingDate="2013-11-08" collectionCode="UMSRP" collectorName="Vietnam" country="Vietnam" county="Male" elevation="5" location="Takaoka" municipality="Male" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FF2BF894FEA0F8AA" box="[151,310,1880,1904]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
|
||
: Two males (with their associated pupal exuviae and cocoons) in 80% ethanol, same data as those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FF78F8B0FEBFF84F" box="[196,297,1916,1941]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, labeled in each vial as [
|
||
<collectionCode id="90F3AE7CB111A225FDF0F8B0FD24F84E" box="[588,690,1916,1940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">UMSRP</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B111A225FD7CF8B0FC89F84F" box="[704,799,1916,1941]" name="Vietnam" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
0 27,
|
||
<typeStatus id="2959881BB111A225FCD9F8B1FC5CF84F" box="[869,970,1917,1941]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB111A225FC64F8B0FA98F84E" box="[984,1294,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FC64F8B0FBD4F84E" box="[984,1090,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FBE9F8B0FBF0F849" box="[1109,1126,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FB3DF8B0FA98F84E" box="[1153,1294,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1639ACC3B111A225FA9CF8B0FACAF84F" box="[1312,1372,1916,1941]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Male</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="5B17536FB111A225FF2BF86CFF6FF863" box="[151,249,1952,1977]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="825C1079B111A225FEB8F86CFEEBF862" box="[260,381,1952,1976]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2013-11-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9218E991B111A225FEB8F86CFEEBF862" box="[260,381,1952,1976]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2013-11-08">8-XI-2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="F33D6062B111A225FE34F86CFE70F863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB117A22BFF2BFE80FBA9FD01:F33D6062B111A225FE34F86CFE70F863" box="[392,486,1952,1977]" country="Vietnam" municipality="Male" name="Takaoka" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Takaoka</location>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB111A225FE51F86DFDB3F862" box="[493,549,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
].
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A29D6631B11EA22AFF2BF892FEE4F835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11EA22AFF2BF892FEE4F835" blockId="40.[151,1436,1886,2031]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11EA22AFF2BF892FE89F8A9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1886,1908]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11EA22AFEC6F892FC98F8AE" box="[378,782,1886,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11EA22AFEC6F892FE4CF8AE" box="[378,474,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11EA22AFE55F892FDE9F8AE" box="[489,639,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11EA22AFD32F892FC98F8AE" box="[654,782,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11EA22AFCA8F893FCF3F8AE" bold="true" box="[788,869,1887,1908]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B11EA22AFCA8F893FCF3F8AE" box="[788,869,1887,1908]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C–F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A–F, H and I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11FA22BFF7BFF5BFEBEFF2F" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,731]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF7BFF5BFE15FF6A" bold="true" box="[199,387,151,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||
. The pupae of this new species were collected from dead tree leaves. The associated species were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFF6AFF77FE04FF09" box="[214,402,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF6AFF77FF72FF08" box="[214,228,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF41FF77FE98FF08" box="[253,270,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFE9BFF77FE04FF09" box="[295,402,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">hongthaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFE1FFF77FD1BFF09" box="[419,653,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vinhphucense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFE1FFF77FE27FF08" box="[419,433,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFE76FF77FE4DFF08" box="[458,475,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFE48FF77FD1BFF09" box="[500,653,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">vinhphucense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFD29FF76FD67FF08" bold="true" box="[661,753,186,211]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B11FA22BFD29FF76FD67FF08" box="[661,753,186,211]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFCBDFF77FC99FF08" box="[769,783,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC94FF77FCD4FF08" box="[808,834,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">N.</emphasis>
|
||
) sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFC3AFF77FBF8FF09" box="[902,1134,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feuerborni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC3AFF77FBF8FF09" box="[902,1134,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Simulium feuerborni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFAEAFF77FF51FF2F" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lowi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFAEAFF77FAF2FF08" box="[1366,1380,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFAC1FF77FA1DFF08" box="[1405,1419,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF2BFF11FF51FF2F" box="[151,199,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">lowi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF72FF11FEBEFF2F" bold="true" box="[206,296,221,246]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFA557D0B11FA22BFF72FF11FEBEFF2F" box="[206,296,221,246]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B11FA22BFF7BFF33FDCAFEC2" box="[199,604,255,280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11FA22BFF7BFF33FDCAFEC2" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,731]" box="[199,604,255,280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF7BFF33FEF6FEC2" bold="true" box="[199,352,255,280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B11FA22BFEDBFF33FE50FEC2" box="[359,454,255,280]" name="Vietnam" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB11FA22BFE68FF33FDC7FEC2" box="[468,593,255,280]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Vinh Phuc</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B11FA22BFF7BFEEEFB63FEE1" box="[199,1269,290,315]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11FA22BFF7BFEEEFB63FEE1" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,731]" box="[199,1269,290,315]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF7BFEEEFED0FEE1" bold="true" box="[199,326,290,315]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFD9EFEEFFD26FEE1" box="[546,688,291,315]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanchayense">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFD9EFEEFFD26FEE1" box="[546,688,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">sanchayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the land in which the San Chay tribe lives.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B11FA22BFF7BFE89FBA9FD01" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11FA22BFF7BFE89FAF8FD8A" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,731]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF7BFE89FEA2FE84" bold="true" box="[199,308,325,350]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This new species is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFD5AFE8AFCF7FE87" box="[742,865,325,349]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFD5AFE8AFCF7FE87" box="[742,865,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFB73FE89FAE3FE87" box="[1231,1397,325,349]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Gomphostilbia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFB73FE89FAE3FE87" box="[1231,1397,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the yellow hair tuft on the base of the radius, enlarged male hind basitarsi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB11FA22BFB88FEABFB15FE5A" box="[1076,1155,359,384]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
C) and ventral plate with lateral margins emarginated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB11FA22BFE4DFE46FDDEFE79" box="[497,584,394,419]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1581,1603]" captionTargetBox="[209,1394,250,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,215,1560]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 15. Male of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (left side; front view); B, Hind tibia (left side; outer view); C, Hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; outer view); D, Coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E, Style (right side; ventrolateral view); F, Ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); G, Ventral plate (caudal view); H, Median sclerite (caudal view); I, Paramere and aedeagal membrane (left side; caudal view); J & K, Abdominal segment 10 and cerci (right side; J, lateral view; K, caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.02 mm for A and D – K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571623/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
D). The male of this new species is almost identical to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFAF3FE47FEAAFE1F" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFAF3FE47FACBFE78" box="[1359,1373,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFAC7FE47FA1AFE78" box="[1403,1420,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF2BFE61FEAAFE1F" box="[151,316,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the moderate number of upper-eye (large) facets in 12 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows and color of the legs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B11FA22BFE70FE03FD29FE32" author="Takaoka" box="[460,703,463,488]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ya'cob, Z. & Hashim, R. (2014 d) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Zootaxa, 3765 (1), 54 - 68." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="d">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFD88FE1DFDF3FE32" box="[564,613,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014d
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are slight differences in some male features between this new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFEE8FE3FFDD1FDD1" box="[340,583,499,523]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFEE8FE3FFEF4FDD0" box="[340,354,499,522]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFEC5FE3FFE1CFDD0" box="[377,394,499,522]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFE1EFE3FFDD1FDD1" box="[418,583,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFD52FE3FFC77FDD1" box="[750,993,499,523]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFD52FE3FFD6AFDD0" box="[750,764,499,522]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFCA8FE3FFCB3FDD0" box="[788,805,499,522]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC80FE3FFC77FDD1" box="[828,993,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parentheses): length ratio of the first flagellomere of the antenna against the second one is 1.8 (1.9), length ratio of the hind basitarsus against its greatest width is 3.5 (3.7–3.8), ventral margin of the ventral plate is nearly straight when viewed posteriorly (concave).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B11FA22BFF72FD96FBA9FD01" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,731]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
The pupa of this new species is almost identical to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFCE1FD97FBC7FDA9" box="[861,1105,603,627]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFCE1FD97FCFDFDA8" box="[861,875,603,626]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC3FFD97FC02FDA8" box="[899,916,603,626]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC10FD97FBC7FDA9" box="[940,1105,603,627]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
except that the middle triplet of the gill is composed of one individual and two paired filaments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB11FA22BFC2AFDB1FC7EFD4C" box="[918,1000,637,662]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
G) (three filaments arising at the same level in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFF4FFD6CFE7EFD62" box="[243,488,672,696]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFF4FFD6CFE97FD6D" box="[243,257,672,695]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFEA6FD6CFEBDFD6D" box="[282,299,672,695]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFEFFFD6CFE7EFD62" box="[323,488,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the dorsal triplet of the gill is composed of three filaments arising at the same level (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6ED92A3CB11FA22BFF61FD0EFEBBFD01" box="[221,301,706,731]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[269,1384,229,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 16. Pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sanchayense sp. nov. A, Frontal trichome; B, Facial trichome; C – F, Thoracic trichomes (C, anterodorsal; D, anterolateral; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, Anterior part of thorax and gill filaments (left side; outer view); H, Hair-like seta and minute seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 2; I, Terminal hooks (caudal view); J & K, Cocoons with slightly different anterodorsal margins (dorsal view). Scale bars. 1.0 mm for J and K; 0.1 mm for G; 0.02 mm for A – F, H and I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/571624/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
G) (one individual and two paired filaments in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB11FA22BFC80FD0FFBB9FD01" box="[828,1071,707,731]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC80FD0FFCDCFD00" box="[828,842,707,730]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFCDDFD0FFCE4FD00" box="[865,882,707,730]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB11FA22BFC36FD0FFBB9FD01" box="[906,1071,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |