treatments-xml/data/55/32/AA/5532AA499945A06D4BD9ACE59A42DE77.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7140b994-d67e-44a7-a4e1-daa7216c6b46" ID-PMC="PMC5784208" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-717-1" ID-PubMed="29391848" ID-ZBK="C19B43B1B3214CB1B1B2A246CEAC56BC" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-717-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 717" ModsDocTitle="Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" checkinTime="1512083542653" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Korshunova, Tatiana, Martynov, Alexander, Bakken, Torkild, Evertsen, Jussi, Fletcher, Karin, Mudianta, I Wayan, Saito, Hiroshi, Lundin, Kennet, Michael Schroedl, &amp; Picton, Bernard" docDate="2017" docId="5532AA499945A06D4BD9ACE59A42DE77" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 717: 1-139" docOrigin="ZooKeys 717" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885" docTitle="Baenopsis Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schroedl &amp; Picton, 2017, fam. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F3E7E3B7-E77F-484A-B629-FFDDA9FDCD59" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFED910FFFF5FFC82005844DFFF1FFA8" masterDocTitle="Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668165142384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Korshunova, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Martynov, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Evertsen, Jussi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Fletcher, Karin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mudianta, I Wayan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Saito, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lundin, Kennet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Michael Schroedl,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Picton, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number>717</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885</mods:url>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="137581573" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F3E7E3B7-E77F-484A-B629-FFDDA9FDCD59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5532AA499945A06D4BD9ACE59A42DE77" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Family 
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F3E7E3B7-E77F-484A-B629-FFDDA9FDCD59" class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Baenopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baenopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Baenopsis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="18" pageNumber="19">fam. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Body relatively wide. Notal edge discontinuous. Cerata in separate clusters on broad extensions. Rhinophores perfoliated or granulated. Anus pleuroproctic under reduced notal edge. No distinct oral glands. Radula formula 1.1.1. Rachidian teeth usually with cusp compressed by adjacent lateral denticles. Lateral teeth narrow or with attenuated process basally, denticulated or smooth. Single distal receptaculum seminis. Vas deferens long, with or without distinct prostate. External permanent penial collar absent. Penis elongated conical, internal unarmed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="genera included">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Genera included.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Baenopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baenopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Baenopsis</taxonomicName>
gen. n., 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Flabellinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellinopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellinopsis</taxonomicName>
MacFarland, 1966.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
One of the unexpected results of the present molecular analysis is the most basal position of the species 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina iodinea" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iodinea">Flabellina iodinea</taxonomicName>
(Cooper, 1863) in relation to the families 
<taxonomicName family="Paracoryphellidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Paracoryphellidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Coryphellidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Coryphellidae</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Flabellinidae</taxonomicName>
(Figs 1, 2). This is prima facie not very consistent with the morphological data since 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. iodinea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="iodinea">F. iodinea</taxonomicName>
is similar to the members of the family 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Flabellinidae</taxonomicName>
s. str. as it possesses a medium-sized body with cerata on lateral extensions. However, this may be a case of morphological convergence since 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. iodinea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="iodinea">F. iodinea</taxonomicName>
's relatively broad, flap-like lateral modifications of the notal edge and absence of distinct oral glands is different from the majority of the 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Flabellinidae</taxonomicName>
s. str. Furthermore, the vas deferens in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. iodinea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="iodinea">F. iodinea</taxonomicName>
is considerably longer than in the taxa of the 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Flabellinidae</taxonomicName>
s. str. On all trees obtained, 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina iodinea" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iodinea">Flabellina iodinea</taxonomicName>
invariably appears most basally and separate from all other families. Therefore, in this case our results speak for preference of the molecular data in revealing the very separate position of this particular taxon. It is most likely that the 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellina</taxonomicName>
-like external appearance has evolved in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="F. iodinea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="iodinea">F. iodinea</taxonomicName>
independently from 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinidae" lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="family">Flabellinidae</taxonomicName>
s. str. by parallel modifications of a continuous ancestral notal edge into flap-like ceratal structures. We therefore resurrect the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Flabellinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellinopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellinopsis</taxonomicName>
MacFarland, 1966, which was previously proposed for the species 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Aeolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aeolis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Aeolis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Facelinidae" genus="Phidiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phidiana" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Phidiana</taxonomicName>
?) 
<taxonomicName genus="Aeolidacea" lsidName="Aeolidacea iodinea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="iodinea">iodinea</taxonomicName>
Cooper, 1863. On the present molecular tree, the NE Pacific 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Flabellinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellinopsis iodinea" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="iodinea">Flabellinopsis iodinea</taxonomicName>
clustered together with a NE Atlantic 
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">species</pageBreakToken>
, &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellina</taxonomicName>
&quot; 
<taxonomicName genus="Aeolidacea" lsidName="Aeolidacea baetica" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="baetica">baetica</taxonomicName>
Garcia-Gomez, 1984, in the same clade (Figs 1, 2, 7). The NE Atlantic species has ceratal and reproductive morphology somewhat similar to the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Flabellinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellinopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellinopsis</taxonomicName>
but possesses very peculiar folded and granulated rhinophores and smooth lateral teeth (Garcia-Gomez 1984). Therefore, rather than uniting it into the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinopsidae" genus="Flabellinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellinopsis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellinopsis</taxonomicName>
making that morphologically not very consistent, we propose a separate new genus for 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina baetica" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="baetica">Flabellina baetica</taxonomicName>
(see below). The diversity of the family 
<taxonomicName family="Flabellinopsidae" lsidName="" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="family">Flabellinopsidae</taxonomicName>
fam. n. is more considerable than currently understood. On our tree, an undetermined species of &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Piseinotecidae" genus="Piseinotecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piseinotecus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Piseinotecus</taxonomicName>
&quot; sp. appeared as possibly related to this family (Fig. 1). Furthermore, 
<bibRefCitation author="Furfaro, G" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.001" year="2017">Furfaro et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
have shown that &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Piseinotecidae" genus="Piseinotecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Piseinotecus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Piseinotecus</taxonomicName>
&quot; soussi Tamsouri, Carmona, Moukrim and Cervera, 2014 (original description in 
<bibRefCitation author="Tamsouri, N" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Marine Science" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="991 - 997" title="Description of a new species of Piseinotecus (Castropoda, Heterobranchia, Piseinotecidae) from the northeastern Atlantic Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.5343/bms.2014.1019" volume="90" year="2014">Tamsouri et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
) has appeared basally to &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Flabellina</taxonomicName>
&quot; 
<taxonomicName genus="Aeolidacea" lsidName="Aeolidacea baetica" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="baetica">baetica</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Facelinidae" genus="Facelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Facelina quatrefagesi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quatrefagesi">Facelina quatrefagesi</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vayssière">Vayssiere</normalizedToken>
, 1888). Further investigations need to be made on these taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>