189 lines
19 KiB
XML
189 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A05F873CFAE4AC5C11B0FBF2" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Crocidura telfordi Hutterer 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="516" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="515" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870349" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A05F873CFAE4AC5C11B0FBF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A05F873CFAE4AC5C11B0FBF2" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<heading pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<subSubSection box="[1385,1467,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1382,2502,1819,1945]" box="[1385,1467,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<figureCitation box="[1385,1467,1819,1865]" captionStart="Plate 22: Soricidae" captionStartId="109.[130,160,3101,3122]" captionTargetBox="[11,2738,14,3636]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="305. Negev White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura ramona), 306. Katinka’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura katinka), 307. Jackass White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura arispa), 308. Caspian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura caspica), 309. Iranian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura susiana), 310. Pale Gray White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura pergrisea), 311. Kashmir White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura pullata), 312. Cretan White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura zimmermanni), 313. Sicilian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura sicula), 314. Canarian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura canariensis), 315. West African Pygmy White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura obscurior), 316. Ivory Coast White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura eburnea), 317. Moonshine White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura luna), 318. Greenwood’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura greenwoodae), 319. Somali Dwarf White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nana), 320. Bekele’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura afeworkbekelei), 321. Yalden’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura yaldeni), 322. Glass’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura glassi), 323. Bale White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura bottegoides), 324. Bailey’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura baileyi), 325. Macmillan’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura macmillani), 326. LLucina’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura lucina), 327. Thalia’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura thalia), 328. Guramba White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura phaeura), 329. Harenna White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura harenna), 330. Bottego’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura bottegi), 331. Smoky White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fumosa), 332. Zaphiro’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura zaphiri), 333. Ugandan Lowland White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura selina), 334. MacArthur’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura macarthur), 335. Nyiro White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura macowi), 336. Ulumate White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura ultima), 337. Rainey’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura raineyi), 338. East African Highland White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura allex), 339. Xanthippe’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura xantippe), 340. Elgon White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura elgonius), 341. Fischer's White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fischeri), 342. Peters’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura gracilipes), 343. Desperate White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura desperata), 344. Telford’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura telfordi), 345. Kilimanjaro White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura monax)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871923/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">344.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1483,2123,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1382,2502,1819,1945]" box="[1483,2123,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<vernacularName box="[1483,2123,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Telford’s White-toothed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2195,2501,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1382,2502,1819,1945]" box="[2195,2501,1819,1865]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutterer" authorityYear="1986" box="[2195,2501,1819,1865]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfordi">
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<emphasis box="[2195,2501,1819,1865]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Crocidura telfordi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1382,2502,1819,1945]" box="[1384,2382,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1459,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1468,1667,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Crocidure de Telford</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1688,1779,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1784,2059,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Telford-Weifl3zahnspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2081,2172,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2182,2382,1883,1904]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Musarana de Telford</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1382,2502,1819,1945]" box="[1384,1790,1923,1944]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1630,1923,1944]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1636,1790,1923,1944]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Telford's Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1995,2591,1993,2416]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1996,2151,1993,2022]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Hutterer, 1986" authorityName="Hutterer" authorityYear="1986" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfordi">Crocidura telfordi Hutterer, 1986</taxonomicName>
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,
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation country="Tanzania" elevation="1150" location="Morningside" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A05F873CFAE4AC5C11B0FBF2:B031AD99A05F8733F7BEACB21AB6F7F7" box="[2099,2280,2037,2062]" country="Tanzania" name="Morningside" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Morningside</location>
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,
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<quantity box="[2316,2434,2037,2062]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="1150.0">
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<elevation box="[2316,2434,2037,2062]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="119" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A05F873CFAE4AC5C11B0FBF2:B031AD99A05F8733F629ACB21A3AF7CC" country="Tanzania" name="Uluguru Mountains" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Uluguru Mountains</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2164,2292,2076,2101]" name="Tanzania" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1995,2591,1993,2416]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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Considered to be a part of a group of shrews endemic to the Eastern Arc Mountains. On morphological characters more closely related to
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<taxonomicName box="[2347,2470,2225,2258]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanosa">C. lanosa</taxonomicName>
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than to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[1999,2119,2269,2298]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monax">C. monax</taxonomicName>
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, according to R. Hutterer in 1986. W. T. Stanley and others in 2015 included C.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutterer" authorityYear="1986" box="[2038,2123,2343,2376]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="telfordi">telfordi</taxonomicName>
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in a phylogenetic tree estimated from Bayesian analysis (cytochrome-b); it
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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was placed as sister species to C.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1910" box="[1876,1942,2422,2455]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="turba">turba</taxonomicName>
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and more distantly related to
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<taxonomicName box="[2399,2522,2422,2455]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanosa">C. lanosa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" box="[1388,1540,2462,2495]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="541" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maurisca">C. maurisca</taxonomicName>
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. There is a need to review the taxonomic relationship of populations from the Uluguru Mountains and the Udzungwa Mountains to determine whether they are a single, or two distinct, species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871677/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" targetBox="[1381,1972,1999,2414]" targetPageId="119">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1560,2588,2613]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to Eastern Arc Mts in Tanzania (Uluguru and Udzungwa Mts), at elevations of ¢.600-1150 m.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1639,2659,2692]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 104-108 mm, tail 70-83 mm, ear 9-10 mm, hindfoot 19-20 mm; weight 16-5-22 g. This very large shrew with soft (5-6 mm) chocolate brown pelage differs from all other shrews of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1910" box="[2121,2247,2738,2771]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="536" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monax">C. monax</taxonomicName>
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group by its enormous skull; it also has a longer tail and hindfeet than other shrews of this group in Tanzania. Dorsal pelage is chocolate brown, with hairs silvery at base and brown attip; ventral part is slightly paler brown than dorsal pelage. Vibrissae long, and ears prominent with a few hairs. Foreand hindfeet are paler than dorsal pelage; hindfeet are comparatively long (17-19% of head-body length) and the relatively long tail (65-85% of head-body length) is slightly bicolored, with only 5% pilosity. Details of nipples unknown. Skull very large and elongated, flat and wide. Upper tooth row long with gracile teeth and a very small M’. Cutting edge of the lower incisor only slightly wavy, without significant denticulation. In skull morphology it is similar to that of the Kivu Long-haired White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName box="[2139,2271,3140,3165]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="119" pageNumber="520" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanosa">C. lanosa</taxonomicName>
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), which also possesses an elongated skull with broad maxillar and cranial profile. Condylo-incisive length: 25.8-26-1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1496,3250,3283]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Undisturbed orslightly disturbed moist tropical montane forest. Not found in smaller patches of disturbed forest or in agricultural areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1385,1885,3329,3362]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" box="[1385,1885,3329,3362]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1647,3329,3362]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="515" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="119.[1383,2589,2422,3480]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1385,1520,3368,3401]" pageId="119" pageNumber="515">Breeding.</emphasis>
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A single adult female collected in August-September from Udzungwa Mountains was not pregnant. One male collected in August-September from the Uluguru Mountains had testis length of 4 mm and width of 3 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="516" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="120.[176,1386,293,1039]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[177,416,293,326]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Telford’s White-toothed Shrews are terrestrial and both nocturnal and diurnal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="516" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="120.[176,1386,293,1039]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,883,372,405]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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In the Udzungwa Scarp Forest Telford’s White-toothed Shrew was the least represented shrew (1%) out of 145 shrews sampled. Two specimens were captured at 600 m and 910 m, respectively, together with the Elgon White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osgood" authorityYear="1910" box="[719,869,490,523]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="120" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elgonius">C. elgonius</taxonomicName>
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), Hildegarde’s White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" box="[192,395,534,563]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="120" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hildegardeae">C. hildegardeae</taxonomicName>
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), the African Giant White-toothed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[999,1131,534,563]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="120" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivieri">C. olivieri</taxonomicName>
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), and the Greater Dwarf Shrew (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[379,537,572,601]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="120" pageNumber="516" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lixa">Suncus lixa</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="516" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="120.[176,1386,293,1039]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[179,539,608,641]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List because its extent of occurrence is estimated to be only 10,184 km?, all its individuals occur at fewer than five locations, and there is a continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat in the Uluguru Mountains. Telford’s White-toothed Shrew is threatened by forest loss in the Uluguru Mountains, largely through logging and conversion of land to agricultural use. It has been recorded from some forest reserves. There is a need to prevent further habitat loss and degradation within the restricted range of this species. Additional studies are needed into the species’ natural history and taxonomy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="516" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="120.[176,1386,293,1039]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[178,331,971,996]" pageId="120" pageNumber="516">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Hutterer (1986¢, 2005b), Kennerley (2016j), Nicoll & Rathbun (1990), Stanley (2013f), Stanley & Hutterer (2007), Stanley, Hutterer et al. (2015), Stanley, Kihaule et al. (1998).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |