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<document ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.19.221" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6ea8eea-7156-4785-8313-f4bd88dadad1" ID-ISSN="13132970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576503" ID-ZooBank="C473F9F6-1AE7-4B3F-B17F-CA1C2709010C" checkinTime="1587956031210" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wesener, Thomas, Enghoff, Henrik &amp; Sierwald, Petra" docDate="2009" docId="1772122E781CFFDBFF013DC2AD7FE8DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2037.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 19 (19)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@11b73717" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Colossobolus giganteus Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="AD9F0066-DFF2-4CDC-B39E-70CF2EC97F08" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="EB4B6A567807FFC6FF8D3F74AF59EA51" masterDocTitle="Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of ' fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1636630017160" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of ' fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, U. S. A. &amp; Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Museumsmeile Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. &amp; B 54 D 3623309</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sierwald, Petra</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="LSID">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2009-09-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>128</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.19.221</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e6ea8eea-7156-4785-8313-f4bd88dadad1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">13132970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576503</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C473F9F6-1AE7-4B3F-B17F-CA1C2709010C</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3791391" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163747656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3791391" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AD9F0066-DFF2-4CDC-B39E-70CF2EC97F08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1772122E781CFFDBFF013DC2AD7FE8DB" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection box="[140,593,694,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,993,694,756]" box="[140,593,694,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading box="[140,593,694,721]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,593,694,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName authority="Wesener" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,516,694,721]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,408,694,721]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Colossobolus giganteus</emphasis>
Wesener
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[528,593,695,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[140,993,730,756]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,993,694,756]" box="[140,993,730,756]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<uri box="[140,993,730,756]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid box="[419,993,730,756]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">AD9F0066-DFF2-4CDC-B39E-70CF2EC97F08</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,371,800,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[140,241,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">Material</emphasis>
examined:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608818238" collectingDate="2003-05-12" collectionCode="FMMC" collectorName="d'Antsiranana, RS &amp; S. M. Goodman" country="Madagascar" elevation="80" latitude="-12.968249" location="Grotte des Chauves Souris" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.11933" municipality="Province d'Antsiranana" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="FMMC 6167" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="holotype">
5 ♂,
<specimenCount box="[441,484,800,827]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[498,581,800,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 imm.</specimenCount>
<typeStatus box="[587,698,800,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 1 ♂ (
<quantity box="[767,865,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
long),
<specimenCode box="[945,1103,800,826]" collectionCode="FMMC" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FMMC 6167</specimenCode>
,
<collectingCountry box="[140,274,835,861]" name="Madagascar" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[284,548,835,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Province
<collectorName box="[388,548,835,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dAntsiranana</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, RS dAnkarana,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1772122E781CFFDBFF013DC2AD7FE8DB:9A04F5E3781CFFDDFD683C30AB56E90C" box="[741,1039,835,862]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-12.968249" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.11933" municipality="Province d'Antsiranana" name="Grotte des Chauves Souris" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Grotte des Chauves Souris</location>
,
<locationDeviation location="Mahamasina" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<quantity box="[1049,1107,835,862]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
NW Mahamasina
</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity box="[357,419,871,897]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="80.0">
<elevation box="[357,419,871,897]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, dry forest,
<geoCoordinate box="[552,714,870,897]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="05.7" value="-12.968249">12°5805.7 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[726,906,871,897]" degrees="049" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="09.6" value="49.11933">049°0709.6 E</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName pageId="27" pageNumber="28">S. M. Goodman</collectorName>
,
<date box="[208,331,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2003-05-12">
<collectingDate box="[208,331,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2003-05-12">12.V.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608818244" collectingDate="2001-02-10" collectingDateMax="2001-02-16" collectingDateMin="2001-02-10" collectionCode="FMMC" collectorName="RS Ankarana &amp; B. L. Fisher &amp; C. Griswold" country="Madagascar" elevation="80" latitude="-12.908889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.109722" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="FMMC 3920" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis box="[344,451,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus box="[344,446,907,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
3 ♂,
<specimenCount box="[525,571,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[588,677,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 imm.</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode box="[692,854,906,932]" collectionCode="FMMC" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FMMC 3920</specimenCode>
,
<collectorName box="[868,1023,906,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">RS Ankarana</collectorName>
,
<quantity box="[1037,1103,906,932]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="80.0">
<elevation box="[1037,1103,906,932]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, tropical dry forest,
<geoCoordinate box="[358,499,941,968]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-12.908889">12°5432 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[512,642,941,968]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="6" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="35" value="49.109722">49°635 E</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName box="[702,835,941,968]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
et
<collectorName box="[872,1015,941,967]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. Griswold</collectorName>
,
<date pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2001-02-10" valueMax="2001-02-16" valueMin="2001-02-10">
<collectingDate pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2001-02-10" valueMax="2001-02-16" valueMin="2001-02-10">1016. II.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608818334" collectingDate="1960-07-13" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Rec. A. Treha" country="Madagascar" location="Riviere des Bois Pourris" municipality="Province Diego-Suarez" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="paratype">
1 ♂,
<specimenCount box="[297,340,976,1003]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode box="[354,450,977,1003]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MNHN</collectionCode>
noNumber,
<collectingMunicipality box="[596,852,976,1002]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Province Diego-Suarez</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingRegion box="[867,1009,976,1003]" country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1772122E781CFFDBFF013DC2AD7FE8DB:9A04F5E3781CFFDDFB893CA4AE1DEE5C" country="Madagascar" municipality="Province Diego-Suarez" name="Riviere des Bois Pourris" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Rivière des Bois Pourris</location>
,
<collectorName box="[335,490,1011,1038]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Réc. A. Treha</collectorName>
,
<date box="[501,647,1011,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1960-07-13">
<collectingDate box="[501,647,1011,1037]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1960-07-13">13.VII.1960</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,454,1046,1072]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[185,325,1046,1072]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">Differential</emphasis>
diagnosis:
</emphasis>
the gonopods of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[655,790,1047,1073]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[655,790,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are so unique that they can only be confused with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[405,585,1082,1108]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[405,585,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. oblongopedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. See
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[647,826,1082,1108]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[647,826,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. oblongopedus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for a comparison of the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,335,1152,1178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[185,330,1152,1178]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[342,494,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Measurements</emphasis>
: males with 52 or 53 body rings, up to
<quantity box="[945,1043,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
long, 10.012.0 mm wide. Females with 52 body rings, of unknown length (broken),
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="12.9" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="10.3">10.3 15.5 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[185,300,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Coloration</emphasis>
affected by alcohol. Head, antennae, legs and telson red. Collum centrally dark (
<figureCitation box="[272,376,1293,1320]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metazonites of body rings reddish-brown.
<emphasis box="[1005,1108,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Antennae</emphasis>
protruding back to ring 4.
<emphasis box="[444,657,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male coxal processes</emphasis>
on coxae 3 and 4 weakly developed, on coxae 57 short, barely visible (
<figureCitation box="[490,591,1363,1390]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis box="[610,770,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Preanal process</emphasis>
well-rounded, not projecting.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[185,372,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Anterior gonopod</emphasis>
sternite elongated into a wide, broadly rounded lobe. Apical part of lobe slightly more slender than remaining part (
<figureCitation box="[718,823,1434,1461]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Mesal process of coxite weakly developed, protruding into a short, wide lobe with a pointed tip (
<figureCitation box="[988,1093,1469,1496]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Telopodite process long and well-rounded, basally at mesal margin with a minute, but sharp, lateral retrorse projection (
<figureCitation box="[521,630,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
). Mesal margin laterally sharp-edged, not protruding (
<figureCitation box="[279,386,1574,1601]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="27.[140,1108,800,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis box="[185,379,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Posterior gonopod</emphasis>
telopodites positioned parallel to one another. Coxite branch long, wide and stout, almost as long as lateral branch of telopodite (
<figureCitation box="[905,1040,1645,1672]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 15E, F</figureCitation>
). Lat-
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" targetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph blockId="28.[140,1108,1494,1676]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,252,1494,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald, 2009" authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[259,456,1494,1516]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis box="[259,456,1494,1516]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Colossobolus giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[463,516,1495,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male
<typeStatus box="[578,662,1494,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[672,691,1494,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
head, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" box="[818,835,1494,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
legs 17, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1052,1071,1494,1516]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
anterior gonopods, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[434,453,1526,1548]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
anterior gonopods, posterior view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[787,802,1526,1548]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
left posterior gonopod, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" box="[188,202,1558,1580]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="29.[140,1108,166,650]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
ter not tapering, apically slightly curved mesally (
<figureCitation box="[694,794,166,193]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
). Central membranous area present as a short, wide, well-rounded lobe (
<figureCitation box="[644,746,202,229]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
). Main branch shorter than lateral branch, both running parallel. Apical part of main branch extending towards and touching lateral branch (
<figureCitation box="[418,520,272,299]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
). Inner margin of main branch with two very small, well-rounded, overlapping membranous folds. Main branch laterally with a very large irregularly shaped membrane (
<figureCitation box="[484,586,342,369]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="28.[140,212,1494,1516]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1409]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[140,1108,528,1439]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 15. Colossobolus giganteus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 17, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view E left posterior gonopod, anterior view F left posterior gonopod, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Cx-br = coxite branch; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820804/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="29.[140,1108,166,650]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,456,377,403]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis box="[185,333,377,403]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Intraspecific</emphasis>
variation:
</emphasis>
the specimens from the MNHN of unknown locality are
<quantity box="[140,237,413,440]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">35 mm</quantity>
more slender than those from Ankarana.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="29.[140,1108,166,650]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,487,448,474]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis box="[185,336,448,474]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
and ecology
</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[502,635,449,475]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[502,635,449,475]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the dry forest of Ankarana (
<figureCitation box="[232,318,483,510]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="18.[140,212,1654,1676]" captionTargetBox="[160,1106,1078,1634]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[140,1109,1071,1635]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution of the genus Colossobolus gen. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3820794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3820794/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). The sample from the unknown locality from the MNHN suggests that
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[192,325,519,545]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[192,325,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has or had a wider distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="29.[140,1108,166,650]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,323,554,580]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis box="[185,318,554,580]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" box="[330,429,555,580]" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis box="[330,429,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, adjective, refers to the large size of the species.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener &amp; Enghoff &amp; Sierwald" authorityYear="2009" class="Diplopoda" family="Pachybolidae" genus="Colossobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirobolida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Colossobolus giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at
<quantity box="[277,376,589,616]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
is the largest known species of the genus and one of the largest millipedes known from
<collectingCountry box="[411,546,624,650]" name="Madagascar" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>