374 lines
43 KiB
XML
374 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="149C5AB3A458AB034D0DDA15E56A692A" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFFCCFF829CD60C0BD3A8F9FA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pennaria disticha Goldfuss 1820" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="093EE754F860B847652C6ABC02520D4B">
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<mods:title id="7CD31DD0C4ACB1DF2AE17DB6C8107A43">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="02E38EE36A050BA4F4A1DD042E9AC3DD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="19B1E702C46A14AF7576D31ACFAD8968">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="778A60EA944E21C54D940F01F273F40B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="08B5948E2E48425CA7C0B5337529DC1C">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DFD34BA43F9F307B896BBC6EC401EEB3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BC3749DF753E54D1BB289710185DCF8E">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AD07E1AA23012F7E060100E59A901357">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="33ECE14A07170C3845D6F5206DCED82B">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2EF9532E4713FA60F3D794A9F0A40486" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F7E0FE67D474336980BC8FB6478E4512">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4FCA75AF72689665D24196F4CA470E2B">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D0927D6EBB87A6C1CE7D0F8B86284961">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DFF5651D1192F751C3B0DA0243736B2A">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F1AA4C70BAB1928347CD8563257838B4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="972F14EC4E7D5989ADA7B224E82B1499">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D9257BFAF4A1558AD528A69C3D8F2FDA">3908</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFFCCFF829CD60C0BD3A8F9FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107029" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591084" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107029" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFFCCFF829CD60C0BD3A8F9FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFFCCFF829CD60C0BD3A8F9FA" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCCFF839CD60C0BD546FC15" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCCFF839CD60C0BD514FC8A" blockId="58.[151,557,834,894]" box="[151,557,834,860]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="D0A681A4FFCCFF839CD60C0BD514FC8A" bold="true" box="[151,557,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCCFF839CD60C0BD514FC8A" ID-CoL="76JN9" authority="Goldfuss, 1820" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[151,557,834,860]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839CD60C0BD514FC8A" bold="true" box="[151,557,834,860]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839CD60C0BD655FC8A" bold="true" box="[151,364,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Pennaria disticha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCCFF839D350C0BD514FC8A" author="Goldfuss" box="[372,557,834,860]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refString="Goldfuss, G. A. (1820) Handbuch der Zoologie. Erste Abtheilung. Nurnberg, 1820." type="book chapter" year="1820">Goldfuss, 1820</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCCFF839CD60C2CD622FCA8" blockId="58.[151,557,834,894]" box="[151,283,869,894]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFFCCFF839CD60C2CD7DFFCA8" box="[151,230,869,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[347,1240,1031,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[340,1247,1089,1807]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 40. Pennaria disticha: A, colony; B, detail of a hydranth with an almost mature female eumedusoid and several developing buds; C, eumedusoid (drawn by C. G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: A, 8.0 cm; B, C, 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242769/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
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A–C
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCCFF839CD60CE4D546FC15" blockId="58.[151,639,941,963]" box="[151,639,941,963]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">See Schuchert (2006) for a complete synonymy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF2E6640FFCCFF839CD60828D3BEF843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242769/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[347,1240,1031,1855]" targetPageId="58">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCCFF839CD60828D3BEF843" blockId="58.[151,1436,1889,1941]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839CD60828D61BF8A0" bold="true" box="[151,290,1889,1911]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 40.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCCFF839D6A082BD6DAF8A1" box="[299,483,1889,1911]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839D6A082BD6DAF8A1" box="[299,483,1889,1911]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Pennaria disticha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839DB20828D53CF8A0" bold="true" box="[499,517,1889,1910]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
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, colony;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839E2B0828D542F8A0" bold="true" box="[618,635,1889,1910]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
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, detail of a hydranth with an almost mature female eumedusoid and several developing buds;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCCFF839D0A0836D664F843" bold="true" box="[331,349,1919,1941]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
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, eumedusoid (drawn by C.G. Di Camillo). Scale bars: A, 8.0 cm; B, C, 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCDFF829CD60FDED2ACFF66" box="[151,1429,151,176]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829CD60FDED2ACFF66" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" box="[151,1429,151,176]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829CD60FDED6B9FF66" bold="true" box="[151,384,151,176]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</emphasis>
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HCUS-S 0 45 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCDFF829C860FF5D5B3FC1E" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860FF5D398FF03" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" box="[199,1185,188,213]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860FF5D66BFF03" bold="true" box="[199,338,188,213]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Description</emphasis>
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(based on our own observations;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E8A0FF5D4ECFF02" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[715,981,188,213]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
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; Schuchert 2006):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860F96D3D4FDCE" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860F96D60AFF2E" bold="true" box="[199,307,223,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Hydroid.</emphasis>
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Hydrorhiza as a network of creeping stolons; colonies erect, large, pinnate; hydrocaulus thick, often curved, monosiphonic, with monopodial growth, covered by thick perisarc, firm, smooth but annulated at more or less regular intervals, regularly distal to insertion of hydrocladia (side-branches) and hydranth pedicels; hydrocladia unbranched, originating alternately from opposite sides to form two series lying in a single plane, longest branches in the middle of the colonies, gradually decreasing in length upward and downwards; hydranths fusiform or pyriform, numerous, terminal on hydrocaulus and hydrocladia, on short pedicels; hypostome domeshaped; with a whorl of 4–6 oral capitate tentacles, up to 18 capitate tentacles scattered or in more or less regular whorls on hydranth body and one aboral whorl of up to 16 semifiliform to slightly capitate aboral tentacles; colonies gonocoric. Colours: stem dark brown to black, hydrocladia brown, fading distally to clear.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860D6DD21FFD52" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860D6DD65FFDEB" bold="true" box="[199,358,548,573]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Eumedusoid:</emphasis>
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gonophores as eumedusoids, oblong, free or not, arising on short pedicels just above whorl of long filiform tentacles; 3–5 per hydranth, gonads encircling manubrium, 4 radial canals and circular canal present, 4 marginal bulbs, small velum, without ocelli, tentacles normally absent, rarely some rudiments present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860DC6D216FD1B" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860DC6D602FD7E" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,680]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Cnidome.</emphasis>
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Stenoteles of 3–4 size classes, microbasic mastigophores with inclusion body, microbasic heteronemes without inclusion body, basitrichous isorhizas, desmonemes (polyp); stenoteles (medusoid).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860D9ED6D7FCC2" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860D9ED65FFD26" bold="true" box="[199,358,727,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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Habitat
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<typeStatus id="54EA886AFFCDFF829D6D0D9ED658FD26" box="[300,353,727,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Shallow waters with some wave action along rocky coasts (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF82985E0D9ED214FD26" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[1055,1325,727,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF82997A0D9ED624FCC3" author="Morri" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Morri, C. & Boero, F. (1986) Marine fouling hydroids. In: Catalogue of the main marine fouling organisms, 7, Hydroids. Comite international permanent pour la recherche sur la preservation de materiaux en milie marin. Published and distributed by Office d'etudes marines et atmospheriques ODEMA, Bruxelles, pp. 91. [Belgium]" type="journal article" year="1986">Morri & Boero 1986</bibRefCitation>
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; Puce
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829D270DB4D6A6FCC3" box="[358,415,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
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2009).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860C56D475FCE1" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" box="[199,844,799,824]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860C56D678FCEE" bold="true" box="[199,321,799,824]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Substrate.</emphasis>
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Stones or
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829DF60C56D52AFCEE" box="[439,531,799,824]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Balanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829DF60C56D52AFCEE" box="[439,531,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Balanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shells,
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829E290C56D47CFCEE" box="[616,837,799,824]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oceanica">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829E290C56D47CFCEE" box="[616,837,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Posidonia oceanica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860C0DD4A0FC72" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860C0DD66DFC8B" bold="true" box="[199,340,836,861]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Seasonality.</emphasis>
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In the Western Mediterranean Sea (Gili 1986),
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829F2D0C0CD30CFC8B" box="[876,1077,836,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829F2D0C0CD30CFC8B" box="[876,1077,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pennaria disticha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in June; the colonies are active from spring to fall, and they overwinter as stolons (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829F0B0C2ED363FC56" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[842,1114,871,896]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF82982A0C2ED25AFC56" author="Morri" box="[1131,1379,871,896]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Morri, C. & Boero, F. (1986) Marine fouling hydroids. In: Catalogue of the main marine fouling organisms, 7, Hydroids. Comite international permanent pour la recherche sur la preservation de materiaux en milie marin. Published and distributed by Office d'etudes marines et atmospheriques ODEMA, Bruxelles, pp. 91. [Belgium]" type="journal article" year="1986">Morri & Boero 1986</bibRefCitation>
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; this study). In Otranto has been found in November (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829EF90CC5D4B4FC72" author="Piraino" box="[696,909,908,933]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829F500CC4D473FC73" box="[785,842,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860CE6D5B3FC1E" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" box="[199,650,943,968]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860CE6D6FDFC1E" bold="true" box="[199,452,943,968]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
|
||
June (Gili 1986).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCDFF829C860C9DD45BFB76" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860C9DD432FB8E" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860C9DD659FC3B" bold="true" box="[199,352,980,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Warm waters around the world (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E8C0C9DD4E4FC3B" author="Rees" box="[717,989,980,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Rees, W. J. & Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collections of James Ritchie. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (Section B. Biology), 69 (1 - 2), 34 - 220. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0080455 x 00010122" type="journal article" year="1965">Rees & Thursfield 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829FA80C9DD3BCFC3B" author="Yamada" box="[1001,1157,980,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Yamada, M. (1965) Marine hydroids from Greece. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 12 (5), 359 - 362." type="journal article" year="1965">Yamada 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298D10C9DD2AEFC3B" author="Micallef" box="[1168,1431,980,1005]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Micallef, H. & Evans, F. (1968) The marine fauna of Malta. Malta University Press, Malta, vi + 26 pp." type="book" year="1968">Micallef & Evans 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CD60CBED698FBC6" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[151,417,1015,1040]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829DEA0CBED573FBC6" author="Schmidt" box="[427,586,1015,1040]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Schmidt, H. E. (1973) Biogeographical problems of the Red Sea area exemplified by hydroids. In: Zeitschel, B. & Gerlach, S. A. (Eds.), The Biology of the Indian Ocean. Ecological studies, Analysis and Synthesis, 3, pp. 283 - 287. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 65468 - 8 _ 22" type="journal article" year="1973">Schmidt 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Cornelius 1992;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829F4E0CB1D48BFBC6" author="Vervoort" box="[783,946,1016,1040]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Vervoort, W. (1993) Report on hydroids (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) in the collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Tel- Aviv, Israel. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 67 (40), 537 - 565." type="journal article" year="1993">Vervoort 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829FFC0CBED21BFBC6" author="Medel" box="[957,1314,1015,1040]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Medel, M. D. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel & López-González 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF82996D0CBED7EBFBE3" author="Schuchert" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829D620B54D681FBE2" author="Watson" box="[291,440,1052,1076]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Watson, J. E. (1999) Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. Beagle, 15, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1999">Watson 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Calder
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829E550B54D575FBE3" box="[532,588,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829ED90B55D4FAFBE2" author="Kirkendale" box="[664,963,1052,1077]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Kirkendale, L. & Calder, D. R. (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (CNMI). Micronesica, 35 - 36, 159 - 188." type="book chapter" year="2003">Kirkendale & Calder 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8298760B54D356FBE3" box="[1079,1135,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298FD0B55D2A1FBE2" author="Gravili" box="[1212,1432,1052,1077]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8299530B54D273FBE3" box="[1298,1354,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CD60B76D660FB8E" author="Morri" box="[151,345,1087,1112]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Morri, C., Puce, S., Bianchi, C. N., Bitar, G., Zibrowius, H. & Bavestrello, G. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Levant Sea (mainly Lebanon), with emphasis on alien species. Journal of the Marine Bioogical Association of the United Kingdom, 89 (1), 49 - 62. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408002749" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Morri
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C9E0B08D62EFB8E" box="[223,279,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Puce
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829DE30B08D6E2FB8E" box="[418,475,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E690B76D5C6FB8E" author="Brahim" box="[552,767,1087,1112]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brahim, M. B., Hamza, A. & Bouain, A. (2010) Variability in the structure of epiphytic assemblages of Posidonia oceanica in relation to human interferences in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia. Marine Environmental Research, 70 (5), 411 - 421. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marenvres. 2010.08.005" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Brahim
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829EC20B08D585FB8E" box="[643,700,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860B2DD45BFB76" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860B2DD68EFBAB" bold="true" box="[199,439,1124,1149]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
|
||
Rare at: S. Maria al Bagno, S.ta Caterina (Ionian Apulian coast) (this study); Porto Cesareo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829D410BCED530FB76" author="Kubota" box="[256,521,1159,1184]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Kubota, S. & Gravili, C. (2011) Rare distribution of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in hydroids from Porto Cesareo, Lecce, Italy, with reference to biological meaning of this rarity. Biogeography, 13, 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="2011">Kubota & Gravili 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Otranto (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829EC00BCED46EFB76" author="Piraino" box="[641,855,1159,1184]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829E9A0BC0D435FB76" box="[731,780,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCDFF829C860BE5D685FADA" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860BE5D685FADA" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860BE5D602FB13" bold="true" box="[199,315,1196,1221]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The morphological variability of this species was the main reason for its complicated taxonomic history (see Schuchert 2006); colony form can vary quite drastically depending on wave exposure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298A90B86D24FFB3E" author="Calder" box="[1256,1398,1231,1256]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow water hydroids of Bermuda. The Athecatae. Life Science Contributions Royal Ontario Museum, 148, 1 - 107. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52225" type="journal article" year="1988">Calder 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; da
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CD60BBDD696FADA" author="Silveira" box="[151,431,1268,1293]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Da Silveira, F. L. & Migotto, A. E (1991) The variation of Halocordyle disticha (Cnidaria, Athecata) from the Brazilian coast: an environmental indicator species? Hydrobiologia, 216 - 217 (1), 437 - 422. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 00026497" type="book chapter" year="1991">Silveira & Migotto 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCDFF829C860A5ED3A8F9FA" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCDFF829C860A5ED3A8F9FA" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829C860A5ED669FAE6" bold="true" box="[199,336,1303,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">References.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829D190A5ED52AFAE6" author="Goldfuss" box="[344,531,1303,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Goldfuss, G. A. (1820) Handbuch der Zoologie. Erste Abtheilung. Nurnberg, 1820." type="book chapter" year="1820">Goldfuss (1820)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E610A51D5D3FAE6" box="[544,746,1303,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Lo Bianco, S. (1909) Notize biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessuale degli animali del Golfo di Napoli. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 19 (4), 513 - 763." type="journal article">Lo Bianco (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829F520A50D4B3FAE6" box="[787,906,1303,1328]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cavolini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829F520A50D4B3FAE6" box="[787,906,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P. cavolini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829FDA0A51D300FAE6" author="Mayer" box="[923,1081,1304,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910) Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae. Vol. I & II. Washington, Carnegie Institution, 735 pp." type="book" year="1910">Mayer (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298060A5ED3C9FAE6" author="Picard" box="[1095,1264,1303,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Picard, J. (1958 a) Origines et affinites de la faune d'hydropolypes (Gymnoblastes et Calyptoblastes) et d'hydromeduses (Anthomeduses et Leptomeduses) de la Mediterranee. Rapports et proces verbaux des Reunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee Monaco, 14, 187 - 199." type="journal article" year="1958" yearSuffix="a">Picard (1958a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298BC0A51D2A1FAE6" author="Kramp" box="[1277,1432,1303,1328]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1959) The Hydromedusae of the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent waters. Dana-Report, 46, 1 - 283." type="journal article" year="1959">Kramp (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CD60A75D7EBFA83" author="Kramp" box="[151,210,1340,1365]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400007347" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CA90A75D6AEFA83" author="Yamada" box="[232,407,1340,1365]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Yamada, M. (1965) Marine hydroids from Greece. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 12 (5), 359 - 362." type="journal article" year="1965">Yamada (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829DE40A75D5FBFA83" author="Micallef" box="[421,706,1340,1365]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Micallef, H. & Evans, F. (1968) The marine fauna of Malta. Malta University Press, Malta, vi + 26 pp." type="book" year="1968">Micallef & Evans (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
all as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829F4E0A74D4B5FA83" ID-CoL="76JN9" box="[783,908,1340,1365]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829F4E0A74D4B5FA83" box="[783,908,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829FDD0A75D383FA82" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[924,1210,1340,1365]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298860A75D261FA82" author="Rossi" box="[1223,1368,1340,1365]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Rossi, L. (1971) Guida a Cnidari e Ctenofori d'Italia. Quaderni della Civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano, 2, 1 - 101." type="journal article" year="1971">Rossi (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF8299C00A74D7C9FAAE" ID-CoL="76JN9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8299C00A74D7C9FAAE" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829D410A16D68AFAAE" author="Schmidt" box="[256,435,1375,1400]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Schmidt, H. E. (1973) Biogeographical problems of the Red Sea area exemplified by hydroids. In: Zeitschel, B. & Gerlach, S. A. (Eds.), The Biology of the Indian Ocean. Ecological studies, Analysis and Synthesis, 3, pp. 283 - 287. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 65468 - 8 _ 22" type="journal article" year="1973">Schmidt (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829D810A16D58AFAAE" author="Marinopoulos" box="[448,691,1375,1400]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marinopoulos, J. (1979) Distribution des Eudendrium dans la region Marseillaise. Etude preliminaire. Rapports et Proces Verbaux des Reunions, Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 25 - 26 (4), 117 - 118." type="journal article" year="1979">Marinopoulos (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, García
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829F550A16D37FFAAE" author="Corrales" box="[788,1094,1375,1400]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Garcia-Corrales, P. & Aguirre (Inchaurbe), A. (1985) La especie Halocordyle disticha (Goldfuss, 1820) y sus sinonimias. The species Halocordyle disticha and its synonyms. Boletin del Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 2 (2), 85 - 96." type="journal article" year="1985">Corrales & Aguirre (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298150A29D25AFAAE" author="Roca" box="[1108,1379,1375,1400]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Roca, I. & Moreno, I. (1985) Distribucion de los cnidarios bentonicos litorales en tres localidades de la margen W. de la Bahia de Palma de Mallorca. Bolletin de la Societat de Historia natural de les Illes Balears, 29, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1985">Roca & Moreno (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Gili (1986),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CB00ACCD646FA4B" author="Roca" box="[241,383,1412,1437]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Roca, I. (1986) Estudio de los Cnidarios Bentonicos de las aguas costeras de Mallorca. Tesis, Universitat de les illes Balears, Facultat de Ciencies, Palma de Mallorca, 32 pp." type="book" year="1986">Roca (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829DCD0ACDD52CFA4A" author="Riedl" box="[396,533,1412,1437]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Riedl, R. (1991) Fauna e flora del Mediterraneo. Muzio (Ed.), Padova, 777 pp." type="book" year="1991">Riedl (1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E630ACDD47DFA4A" box="[546,836,1412,1437]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Garcia-Raso, J. E., Luque, A. A., Templado, J., Salas, C., Hergueta, E., Moreno, D. & Calvo, M. (1992) Fauna y Flora Marinas del Parque Natural de Cabo de Gata-Nijar. Universidad de Malaga, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid y Museo Nacional de Ciencias Natuirales, Madrid, 288 pp." type="book">
|
||
García-Raso
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829EF40ACCD5D6FA4B" box="[693,751,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1992)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Bianchi & Morri (1993) all as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF8298EF0ACCD213FA4B" ID-CoL="76JN9" box="[1198,1322,1412,1437]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8298EF0ACCD213FA4B" box="[1198,1322,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF82997B0ACCD7DCFA16" author="Vervoort" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Vervoort, W. (1993) Report on hydroids (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) in the collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Tel- Aviv, Israel. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden, 67 (40), 537 - 565." type="journal article" year="1993">Vervoort (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Astraldi
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829D190AE0D6ADFA16" box="[344,404,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1995) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829E550AE0D5AAFA16" ID-CoL="76JN9" box="[532,659,1447,1472]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829E550AE0D5AAFA16" box="[532,659,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Chimenz-Gusso
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829F220AE0D4A6FA16" box="[867,927,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1995); Cocito
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF82981A0AE0D3AFFA16" box="[1115,1174,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1995) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF8299560AE0D515FA33" ID-CoL="76JN9" authority="Nicoletti & Chimenz Gusso (1995)" authorityName="Nicoletti & Chimenz Gusso" authorityYear="1995" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8299560AE0D2ACFA16" box="[1303,1429,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CD60A85D515FA33" box="[151,556,1484,1509]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Nicoletti, L. & Chimenz Gusso, C. (1995) Bryozoan assemblages and relation with environmental factors: an example from the Latium coast (Italy). Oebalia, 21, 93 - 102." type="journal article">Nicoletti & Chimenz Gusso (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Medel (1996);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829EA50A85D35AFA33" author="Medel" box="[740,1123,1484,1509]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Medel, M. D. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209." type="journal article" year="1996">Medel & López-González (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298310A85D261FA32" box="[1136,1368,1484,1509]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Piraino, S., Brandini, E., Denitto, F., Esposito, L. & Avian, M. (1999) La diversita degli Cnidari nella riserva marina di Ustica. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 6 (1), 272 - 274." type="journal article">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF82988B0A84D23DFA33" box="[1226,1284,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF8299C00A84D7C9F9DE" ID-CoL="76JN9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8299C00A84D7C9F9DE" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829D2C0AB8D690F9DE" box="[365,425,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829E4F0AA6D5F4F9DE" author="Schuchert" box="[526,717,1519,1544]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Schuchert, P. (1996) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Athecate hydroids and their medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 106, 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1996">Schuchert (1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2006);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829F6F0AA6D31CF9DE" box="[814,1061,1519,1544]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829FC60AB8D4FBF9DE" box="[903,962,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF8298750AA6D22BF9DE" box="[1076,1298,1519,1544]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Morri, C., Puce, S., Bianchi, C. N., Bitar, G., Zibrowius, H. & Bavestrello, G. (2009) Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Levant Sea (mainly Lebanon), with emphasis on alien species. Journal of the Marine Bioogical Association of the United Kingdom, 89 (1), 49 - 62. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315408002749" type="journal article">
|
||
Morri
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF82983E0AB8D383F9DE" box="[1151,1210,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Puce
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF8299200AB8D2A5F9DE" box="[1377,1436,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829CB1095DD6ECF9FA" box="[240,469,1556,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Brahim, M. B., Hamza, A. & Bouain, A. (2010) Variability in the structure of epiphytic assemblages of Posidonia oceanica in relation to human interferences in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia. Marine Environmental Research, 70 (5), 411 - 421. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marenvres. 2010.08.005" type="journal article">
|
||
Brahim
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829D0A095CD645F9FB" box="[331,380,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCDFF829DBB095CD54FF9FB" ID-CoL="76JN9" box="[506,630,1556,1581]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829DBB095CD54FF9FB" box="[506,630,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">H. disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829EC5095DD4A5F9FA" author="Kubota" box="[644,924,1556,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Kubota, S. & Gravili, C. (2011) Rare distribution of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in hydroids from Porto Cesareo, Lecce, Italy, with reference to biological meaning of this rarity. Biogeography, 13, 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="2011">Kubota & Gravili (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCDFF829FE9095DD3B5F9FA" box="[936,1164,1556,1581]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCDFF829841095CD301F9FB" box="[1024,1080,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |