331 lines
39 KiB
XML
331 lines
39 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EFFCB583E3234743DC6AB91C1A65FCAB">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7C3411BE8F7DE888AFA7DDFBD5CFA9D2">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D770DD6045583A93175AED889D4CFF0D">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D2FB67D6E5E6DC2C09932FCE888D5DC">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="38AC9B738CD9770C4A55F4A97F20596B">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AF8CF147FF6F822DD0A93E767E0029E7">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0982630B29DD64DCE51D156211BD90CF">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D4FD1A3B82B192FA73F4940C65EB4648">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="38A84E6996CC9B0C539DDD250DF22EDA">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="48D4D026060313C81677702C497C4769">3908</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="63DA43B68B8CD17745741F56F86CF6C4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFFCBFF879CD60EF1D418FCA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107033" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFFCBFF879CD60EF1D418FCA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFFCBFF879CD60EF1D418FCA9" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCBFF849CD60EF1D546FDEE" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849CD60EF1D50FFE04" blockId="61.[151,566,440,499]" box="[151,566,440,466]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<heading id="D0A681A4FFCBFF849CD60EF1D50FFE04" bold="true" box="[151,566,440,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCBFF849CD60EF1D50FFE04" ID-CoL="38QXW" authority="Petersen, 1979" authorityName="Petersen" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,566,440,466]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wrighti">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849CD60EF1D50FFE04" bold="true" box="[151,566,440,466]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849CD60EF1D643FE04" bold="true" box="[151,378,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Ectopleura wrighti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849DC00EF1D50FFE04" author="Petersen" box="[385,566,440,466]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1979) Development of coloniality in Hydrozoa. In: Larwood, G. & Rosen, B. (Eds.), Biology and systematics of colonial organisms. Systematics Association Symposium 11. Academic Press, London / New York, pp. 105 - 139." type="journal article" year="1979">Petersen, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849CD60E93D622FE24" blockId="61.[151,566,440,499]" box="[151,283,474,499]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFFCBFF849CD60E93D7D1FE25" box="[151,232,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1093,1115]" captionTargetBox="[343,1243,628,1069]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[339,1248,621,1072]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 42. Ectopleura wrighti: A, hydroids without and with blastostyles; B, medusa (drawn by F. Boero). Scale bars: A, 2.0 mm; B, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242771/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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A, B
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849CD60D6BD546FDEE" blockId="61.[151,639,546,568]" box="[151,639,546,568]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">See Schuchert (2010) for a complete synonymy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF2E6640FFCBFF849CD60B0CD673FBAC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242771/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[343,1243,628,1069]" targetPageId="61">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849CD60B0CD673FBAC" blockId="61.[151,1436,1093,1146]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849CD60B0CD626FB8C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1093,1115]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCBFF849D650B0CD6DDFB8D" box="[292,484,1093,1115]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wrighti">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849D650B0CD6DDFB8D" box="[292,484,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Ectopleura wrighti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849DB00B0CD53AFB8C" bold="true" box="[497,515,1093,1114]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">A</emphasis>
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, hydroids without and with blastostyles;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849FE30B0FD48AFB8D" bold="true" box="[930,947,1094,1115]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">B</emphasis>
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, medusa (drawn by F. Boero). Scale bars: A, 2.0 mm; B, 0.25 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCBFF849CD60BE8D688FB08" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849CD60BE8D688FB08" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849CD60BE8D6B4FB6C" bold="true" box="[151,397,1185,1210]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
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HCUS-S 0 47 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula)—polyp stage.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFCBFF879C860BA0D546FE5E" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C860BA0D2ADFAD4" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" box="[199,1428,1257,1282]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C860BA0D668FAD4" bold="true" box="[199,337,1257,1282]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Description</emphasis>
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(based on our own observations;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849E8A0BA0D4ECFAD4" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[715,981,1257,1282]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849FA00BA3D3BAFAD4" author="Petersen" box="[993,1155,1258,1282]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100 (2), 101 - 231. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1990. tb 01862. x" type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen 1990</bibRefCitation>
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; Schuchert 2010, 2012):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C860A44D430F9F7" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C860A44D60AFAF0" bold="true" box="[199,307,1293,1318]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Hydroid.</emphasis>
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Hydrorhiza as creeping stolons not clearly demarcated from hydrocauli; colonies small; hydrocaulus slender, unbranched, of equal width throughout, inner lumen divided into two longitudinal canals by two endodermal ridges formed by highly vacuolated cells, perisarc flexible, thin and smooth, covering hydrocauli and stolons; hydranth vasiform, very slender, having long and slender neck region with low ring-shaped collar forming a groove secreting a thin outer perisarc; one oral whorl of 4–10 slightly capitate or moniliform tentacles which are not adnate to hypostome; one aboral whorl of 8–20 filiform tentacles. Gonophores released as free medusae, developing immediately distal to aboral whorl of tentacles on one circle of up to 8 short, branched or unbranched, blastostyles. Colours: whitish to colourless, transparent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C860964D3CDF9BC" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C860964D650F990" bold="true" box="[199,361,1581,1606]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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Habitat
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<typeStatus id="54EA886AFFCBFF849D6F0964D65AF990" box="[302,355,1581,1606]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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The polyp occurs in the rocky littoral (depths of 0.5–
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFFCBFF849FB00964D309F990" box="[1009,1072,1581,1606]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
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) on several hard substrata and organisms (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849D590918D51DF9BC" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[280,548,1617,1642]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849E71091BD42BF9BC" author="Boero" box="[560,786,1617,1642]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849F5C091BD3D1F9BC" author="Pena" box="[797,1256,1618,1642]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. & Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C86093CD6AEF964" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C86093CD678F958" bold="true" box="[199,321,1653,1678]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Substrate.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCBFF849D0E093CD59BF958" authority="(Echinodermata)" baseAuthorityName="Echinodermata" box="[335,674,1653,1678]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Stylocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849D0E093CD6EDF958" box="[335,468,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stylocidaris</emphasis>
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(Echinodermata)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCBFF849EF5093CD41FF958" box="[692,806,1653,1678]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849EF5093CD41FF958" box="[692,806,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Posidonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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roots and pieces of rock, algae, sponges, hydroids, barnacles, concretions.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C8609F4D441F8CB" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C8609F4D66DF900" bold="true" box="[199,340,1725,1750]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Seasonality.</emphasis>
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In the western Mediterranean Sea,
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFCBFF849EAA09F4D4F8F900" box="[747,961,1725,1750]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wrighti">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849EAA09F4D4F8F900" box="[747,961,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Ectopleura wrighti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs from June to December (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF84997609F7D62DF92C" author="Boero" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
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), October (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849DD509A8D525F92C" author="Galea" box="[404,540,1761,1786]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydrozoa, La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France. Check List, 3 (3), 193 - 199." type="journal article" year="2007">Galea 2007</bibRefCitation>
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), January (Puce
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849E9809ABD42DF92C" box="[729,788,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
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2009); January, March, June, September (De Vito 2006; this study), and November (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF849D8F084CD598F8C8" author="Piraino" box="[462,673,1797,1822]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849E69084FD559F8C8" box="[552,608,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in Salento waters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C860860D624F8B0" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C860860D6FEF894" bold="true" box="[199,455,1833,1858]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
|
||
In the Ligurian Sea, fertile colonies occur in June (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFCBFF8498610863D234F894" author="Boero" box="[1056,1293,1833,1858]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); September (this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFCBFF849C860838D344F820" blockId="61.[151,1437,1185,2038]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFCBFF849C860838D614F85C" bold="true" box="[199,301,1905,1930]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Medusa.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult. Umbrella nearly hemispherical; with four longitudinal meridian pairs of cnidocysts tracks; manubrium nearly as long as subumbrellar cavity; gonads completely encircling manubrium; with 4 perradial marginal bulbs; 2 opposite marginal perradial tentacles with a terminal knob of cnidocysts and distally 1 or 2 spherical cnidocysts knobs encircling tentacle, proximally one abaxial cnidocysts cluster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860FDED62FFECB" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Developmental stages. Newly released medusa spherical, exumbrella with 8 meridional lines of stenoteles; manubrium tubular, short; with 4 radial canals; gonads not developed; 4 equal bulbs of which only one opposite pair bears short tentacles, tentacles with one spherical terminal and one subterminal clasping nematocyst cluster. Colourless.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860E6ED546FE5E" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879C860E6ED602FE96" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Cnidome.</emphasis>
|
||
Stenoteles of different size classes, desmonemes, almond-shaped microbasic mastigophores, discharged shaft sometimes slightly swollen and then approaching eurytele condition (polyp); stenoteles, desmonemes, and mastigophores (medusa).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFC8FF879C860EDDD7DDFDEB" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860EDDD325FE06" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879C860EDDD659FE7B" bold="true" box="[199,352,404,429]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Atlantic, Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879ECB0EDDD41CFE7A" author="Allman" box="[650,805,404,429]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Allman, G. J. (1872) A monograph of the gymnoblastic or tubularian hydroids. Conclusion of part I, and part II, containing descriptions of the genera and species of the Gymnoblastea. Ray Society, London, 296 pp. pls. 1 - 23. [pp. 155 - 450]." type="book chapter" year="1872">Allman 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879F750EDDD4E0FE7A" author="Stechow" box="[820,985,404,429]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Wright 1963;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF8798CB0EDDD2AEFE7A" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[1162,1431,404,429]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879CD60EF1D640FE06" author="Boero" box="[151,377,439,464]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879DAF0EF0D51FFE06" box="[494,550,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879E350EFED468FE06" author="Gravili" box="[628,849,439,464]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879E8B0EF0D43BFE06" box="[714,770,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Schuchert 2010).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860E95D7DDFDEB" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879C860E95D689FE23" bold="true" box="[199,432,476,501]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
|
||
Rare at: La Strea, Porto Cesareo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879F770E95D4E0FE22" author="Presicce" box="[822,985,476,501]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Presicce, M. M. (1991) Gli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) del litorale salentino. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, Universita degli Studi di Lecce, 143 pp." type="book" year="1991">Presicce 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879FA40E95D3E7FE22" author="Faucci" box="[997,1246,476,501]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Faucci, A. & Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci & Boero 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study); S.ta Caterina (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879D450EB6D6C9FDCE" author="Miglietta" box="[260,496,511,536]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L., Denitto, F., Gravili, C., Pagliara, P., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2000) Approaches to the ethology of hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 63 - 71. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 163" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Miglietta
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879D350D48D69CFDCE" box="[372,421,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879FEC0EB6D3B3FDCE" author="Gravili" box="[941,1162,511,536]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF8798420D48D302FDCE" box="[1027,1083,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF8798D40EB6D25EFDCE" author="Piraino" box="[1173,1383,511,536]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF8798AC0D48D21CFDCE" box="[1261,1317,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFC8FF879C860D0ED689FD7E" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860D0ED689FD7E" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879C860D0ED602FDB6" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,608]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The Mediterranean records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879EDA0D0ED445FDB6" box="[667,892,583,608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="minerva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879EDA0D0ED445FDB6" box="[667,892,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Ectopleura minerva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879FCA0D01D339FDB6" author="Goy" box="[907,1024,584,608]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Goy, J. (1973) Les Hydromeduses de la mer Ligure. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Serie 3 (Zoologie), 83 (62), 965 - 1008." type="journal article" year="1973">Goy 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF87984C0D01D386FDB6" author="Goy" box="[1037,1215,583,608]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Goy, J., Lakkis, S. & Zeidane, R. (1991) Les meduses (Cnidaria) des eaux Libanaises. The medusae Cnidaria of Lebanese waters. Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco, 67 (2), 99 - 128." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||
Goy
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF8798040D00D346FDB6" box="[1093,1151,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are most probably attributable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879D7D0D24D697FD53" box="[316,430,620,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wrighti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879D7D0D24D697FD53" box="[316,430,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">E. wrighti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see for details Schuchert 2010). Only the hydroid stage and the new born medusa were seen in the present study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FFC8FF879C860DFDD418FCA9" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FFC8FF879C860DFDD418FCA9" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879C860DFDD669FD1B" bold="true" box="[199,336,692,717]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">References.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879D160DFDD538FD1A" author="Graeffe" box="[343,513,692,717]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Graeffe, E. (1884) Uebersicht der Seethierfauna des Golfes von Triest, nebst Notizen uber Vorkommen, Lebensweise, Erscheinungs- und Fortpfanzungszeit der einzelnen Arten. IlI Coelenteraten. Arbeiten aus der Zoologischen Instituten der Universiiat Wien, 5, 333 - 362." type="journal article" year="1884">Graeffe (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879E4C0DFDD422FD1A" author="Neppi" box="[525,795,692,717]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Neppi, V. & Stiasny, G. (1913) Die Hydromedusen des Golfes von Triest. Arbeiten aus der Zoologischen Instituten der Universiiat Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest, 20 (1), 23 - 92." type="journal article" year="1913">Neppi & Stiasny (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879F030DFCD4E0FD1B" box="[834,985,692,717]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Ectopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dumortieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879F030DFCD4E0FD1B" box="[834,985,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">E. dumortieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see for details Schuchert 2010); Motz-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879CD60D9ED653FD26" author="Kossowska" box="[151,362,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Motz-Kossowska, S. (1905) Contribution a la connaissance des hydraires de la Mediterranee occidentale. I. - Hydraires Gymnoblastiques. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, Serie 4, 3, 39 - 98." type="journal article" year="1905">Kossowska (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879D360D9ED512FD26" author="Stechow" box="[375,555,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 47 (1), 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879E790D9ED5EEFD26" author="Picard" box="[568,727,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Picard, J. (1951 a) Les hydraires des formations coralligenes des cotes francaises de la Mediterranee. Vie Milieu, 2 (2), 255 - 261." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Picard (1951a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879EA20D9ED410FD26" author="Picard" box="[739,809,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Picard, J. (1958 a) Origines et affinites de la faune d'hydropolypes (Gymnoblastes et Calyptoblastes) et d'hydromeduses (Anthomeduses et Leptomeduses) de la Mediterranee. Rapports et proces verbaux des Reunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee Monaco, 14, 187 - 199." type="journal article" year="1958" yearSuffix="a">1958a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879F160D9ED31EFD26" box="[855,1063,727,752]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Acharadria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="larynx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879F160D9ED31EFD26" box="[855,1063,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Acharadria larynx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF8798770D9ED3FEFD26" author="Riedl" box="[1078,1223,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Riedl, R. (1959) Die Hydroiden des Golfes von Neapel und ihr Anteil an der Fauna unterseeischen Hohlen. In: Ergebnisse der osterreichischen Tyrrhenia-Expedition 1952, Teil xvi. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 30 (supplement), pp. 591 - 755." type="journal article" year="1959">Riedl (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF8798950D9ED7E2FCC2" author="Brinckmann-Voss" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1970) Anthomedusae / Athecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the Mediterranean. Part I. Capitata. Fauna Flora Golfo di Napoli, 39, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1970">Brinckmann-Voss (1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879CAD0DB5D61CFCC2" author="Brinckmann-Voss" box="[236,293,764,788]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Brinckmann-Voss, A. (1987) Seasonal distribution of hydromedusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Gulf of Naples and vicinity, with observations on sexual and asexual reproduction in some species. In: Bouillon, J., Boero, F., Cicogna, F. & Cornelius, P. F. S. (Eds.), Modern trends in the Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Hydroids and Hydromedusae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 133 - 141." type="book chapter" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879D1F0DB5D518FCC3" ID-CoL="59K2S" box="[350,545,764,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="larynx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879D1F0DB5D518FCC3" box="[350,545,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Tubularia larynx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879E770DB4D5DFFCC2" author="Petersen" box="[566,742,764,788]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1979) Development of coloniality in Hydrozoa. In: Larwood, G. & Rosen, B. (Eds.), Biology and systematics of colonial organisms. Systematics Association Symposium 11. Academic Press, London / New York, pp. 105 - 139." type="journal article" year="1979">Petersen (1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879EB60DB5D40BFCC2" author="Petersen" box="[759,818,764,788]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100 (2), 101 - 231. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1990. tb 01862. x" type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879F0D0DB4D4CFFCC2" author="Boero" box="[844,1014,764,788]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Boero, F. (1981 a) Systematics and ecology of the hydroid population of two Posidonia oceanica meadows. Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli, 2 (3), 181 - 197. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1981. tb 00093. x" type="journal article" year="1981" yearSuffix="a">Boero (1981a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF8798490DB4D234FCC3" author="Boero" box="[1032,1293,764,789]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x" type="journal article" year="1986">Boero & Fresi (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF87995E0DB4D66FFCEE" author="Franzen" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Franzen, W. & Hundgen, M. (1986) Morphologie und Ultrastruktur von Tubularia mesembryanthemum (Hydrozoa, Athecata). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, 114 (3), 401 - 425." type="journal article" year="1986">Franzen & Hündgen (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879D260C56D545FCEE" author="Faucci" box="[359,636,799,824]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Faucci, A. & Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci & Boero (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879ECC0C56D4ACFCEE" box="[653,917,799,824]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L., Denitto, F., Gravili, C., Pagliara, P., Bouillon, J. & Boero, F. (2000) Approaches to the ethology of hydroids and medusae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 63 - 71. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 163" type="journal article">
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Miglietta
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879EBE0C68D405FCEE" box="[767,828,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879FE40C69D2AEFCEE" box="[933,1431,800,824]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. & Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180." type="journal article">Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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, Bouillon
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879D420C0CD601FC8B" box="[259,312,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
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. (2004), De Vito (2006) Gravili (2006),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879F540C0DD494FC8A" author="Galea" box="[789,941,836,861]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Galea, H. R. (2007) Hydrozoa, La Ciotat and nearby areas, Mediterranean coast of France. Check List, 3 (3), 193 - 199." type="journal article" year="2007">Galea (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879FFD0C0DD38CFC8A" box="[956,1205,836,861]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article">
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Gravili
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF8798570C0CD36BFC8B" box="[1046,1106,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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(2008a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Puce
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF8799450C0CD279FC8B" box="[1284,1344,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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(2009), Schuchert (2010, 2012),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FFC8FF879DEC0C2ED5B7FC56" box="[429,654,871,896]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article">
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Piraino
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879E450C20D505FC56" box="[516,572,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
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(2013)
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</bibRefCitation>
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as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFFC8FF879EF20C20D423FC56" ID-CoL="59K2S" box="[691,794,871,896]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="larynx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFFC8FF879EF20C20D423FC56" box="[691,794,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">E. larynx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |