380 lines
47 KiB
XML
380 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2CA49909F8CE324EECA7F3B1290D6CA2">Taxonomy and anatomy of Amphiboloidea (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Archaeopulmonata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67CC956E2613F59169F50453409E6A93">Golding, Rosemary E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6D52782370D3A9E3F486A9A13CD9C323">Ponder, Winston F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8FE74B23CFB60269B1F2FC9E167759C9">Byrne, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2E4B506037F0C7893E2FF8A862EFF4DB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B267F0C087D517C05A5E2D33D1B48136">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="57E7735424711FD0BFC9342BE440F294">1476</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F887BA9906543D118FC241FDEAFB60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6240258" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119359992" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6240258" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887BA9906543D118FC241FDEAFB60" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887BA9906543D118FC241FDEAFB60" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC241FDA5FB3B" box="[151,578,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC241FDA5FB3B" blockId="6.[151,578,1151,1177]" box="[151,578,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0A681C099065433118FC241FDA5FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,578,1151,1177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC241FDA5FB3B" ID-CoL="CZDL" authority="Martyn, 1786" authorityName="Martyn" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,578,1151,1177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC241FDA5FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,578,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC241FE98FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,383,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphibola crenata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331096C241FDDDFB3B" author="Martyn" box="[398,570,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Martyn, T. (1786) Universal Conchologist. Unknown publisher, London, 3 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1786">Martyn, 1786</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC2F4FDEBFAE3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC2F4FC26FB43" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,961,1226,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC2F4FC26FB43" box="[151,961,1226,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC2F4FDB2FB43" authority="Chemnitz, 1781: 272" authorityName="Chemnitz" authorityPageNumber="272" authorityYear="1781" box="[151,597,1226,1249]" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cycloneritimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="nux" subSpecies="avellana">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC2F4FE8CFB43" box="[151,363,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nerita nux avellana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331069C2F4FDB2FB43" author="Chemnitz" box="[369,597,1226,1249]" page="272" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1781">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331069C2F4FDF8FB43" author="Chemnitz" box="[369,543,1226,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Chemnitz, J. H. (1781) Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet 5. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nurnberg, 324 pp." type="book" year="1781">Chemnitz, 1781</bibRefCitation>
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: 272
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 1919, 1920 (not binominal).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC2D4FC00FAA3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,999,1258,1281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC2D4FE23FAA3" authority="Martyn 1786" authorityName="Martyn" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,452,1258,1281]" class="Gastropoda" family="Limacidae" genus="Limax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC2D4FED7FAA3" box="[151,304,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Limax crenata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433102FC2D4FE23FAA3" author="Martyn" box="[311,452,1258,1281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Martyn, T. (1786) Universal Conchologist. Unknown publisher, London, 3 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1786">Martyn 1786</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. LXIX (validated by ICZN Opinion 479, 1959).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC334FAEAFA83" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,1293,1290,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC334FAEAFA83" box="[151,1293,1290,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC334FDD9FA83" ID-CoL="NT9C" authority="Bruguiere, 1789: 297" authorityName="Bruguiere" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1789" box="[151,574,1290,1313]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC334FEB6FA83" box="[151,337,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bulimus avellana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD99065433104FC334FDD9FA83" author="Bruguiere" box="[343,574,1290,1313]" page="297" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1789">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433104FC334FDEFFA83" author="Bruguiere" box="[343,520,1290,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Bruguiere, J. G. (1789) Encyclopedie Methodique. Histoire Naturelle des Vers Volume 1. Libraire Panckouke, Paris, 757 pp." type="book" year="1789">Bruguière, 1789</bibRefCitation>
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: 297
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Refers to
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543313B7C334FC82FA83" author="Chemnitz" box="[687,869,1290,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Chemnitz, J. H. (1781) Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet 5. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nurnberg, 324 pp." type="book" year="1781">Chemnitz (1781)</bibRefCitation>
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figs. 1919, 1920 (subjective synonym).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC314FDEBFAE3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,524,1322,1345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC314FDEBFAE3" box="[151,524,1322,1345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC314FEC0FAE3" box="[151,295,1322,1345]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC314FEC0FAE3" box="[151,295,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Helix crenata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD99065433102EC314FDEFFAE3" author="Gmelin" box="[310,520,1322,1345]" page="3623" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1791">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433102EC314FE22FAE3" author="Gmelin" box="[310,453,1322,1345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Carli Linnaei systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, Vol. 1 Pt. 6. Georg Emanuel Beer, Leipzig, pp. 3021 - 3910." type="journal article" year="1791">Gmelin 1791</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 3623
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC374FDFFFAC3" box="[151,536,1354,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC374FDFFFAC3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,536,1354,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC374FDFFFAC3" box="[151,536,1354,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC374FED4FAC3" box="[151,307,1354,1377]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC374FED4FAC3" box="[151,307,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Helix avellana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331059C374FDF3FAC3" author="Gmelin" box="[321,532,1354,1377]" page="3640" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1791">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331059C374FE36FAC3" author="Gmelin" box="[321,465,1354,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) Carli Linnaei systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, Vol. 1 Pt. 6. Georg Emanuel Beer, Leipzig, pp. 3021 - 3910." type="journal article" year="1791">Gmelin 1791</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 3640
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC354FDBEFA63" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC354FE2FFA03" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC354FE2FFA03" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC354FD96FA23" ID-CoL="CZDJ" authority="Schumacher 1817: 190" authorityName="Schumacher" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1817" box="[151,625,1386,1409]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC354FE97FA23" box="[151,368,1386,1409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphibola australis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD99065433106FC354FD96FA23" author="Schumacher" box="[375,625,1386,1409]" page="190" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1817">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433106FC354FDDCFA23" author="Schumacher" box="[375,571,1386,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Schumacher, C. F. (1817) Essai d'un Nouveau Systeme des Habitations des Vers Testaces. Schultz, Copenhagen, 287 pp." type="book" year="1817">Schumacher 1817</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 190
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Refers to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543313FDC354FC7CFA23" author="Chemnitz" box="[741,923,1386,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Chemnitz, J. H. (1781) Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet 5. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nurnberg, 324 pp." type="book" year="1781">Chemnitz (1781)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
figs. 1919, 1920 and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433159DC354FAD4FA23" author="Spengler" box="[1157,1331,1386,1409]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Spengler, L. (1775) Beschreibung einer neuen Art Schnecken aus der Sudsee. Beschaftigungen der Berlinischen Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde, 1, 395 - 397." type="journal article" year="1775">Spengler (1775)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pl. 9, fig. 4 (subjective synonym).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC394FDBEFA63" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,601,1450,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC394FDBEFA63" box="[151,601,1450,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC394FE94FA63" box="[151,371,1450,1473]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Ampullaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Melanosporales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC394FE94FA63" box="[151,371,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ampullaria avellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331099C394FDB2FA63" author="Lamarck" box="[385,597,1450,1473]" page="179" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1822">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331099C394FDF8FA63" author="Lamarck" box="[385,543,1450,1473]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Lamarck, J. B. (1822) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres. Unknown publisher, Paris, 7 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1822">Lamarck 1822</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 179
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC3F4FC66FA43" box="[151,897,1482,1505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC3F4FC66FA43" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,897,1482,1505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC3F4FC66FA43" box="[151,897,1482,1505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC3F4FE64FA43" box="[151,387,1482,1505]" class="Gastropoda" family="Thiaridae" genus="Ampullacera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC3F4FE64FA43" box="[151,387,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ampullacera avellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331089C3F4FD58FA43" author="Quoy" box="[401,703,1482,1505]" page="196" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1832">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331089C3F4FD6CFA43" author="Quoy" box="[401,651,1482,1505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P. (1832) Voyages de decouvertes de l`Astrolabe pendant les annees 1826 - 1829 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d`Urville, Zoologie Vol. 2. J. Tastu, Paris, 686 pp." type="book chapter" year="1832">Quoy & Gaimard 1832</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 196
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. XV, figs. 1–9.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34B652799065433118FC3D4FD57F903" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC3D4FBD2F9A3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,1077,1514,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC3D4FBD2F9A3" box="[151,1077,1514,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC3D4FE8FF9A3" box="[151,360,1514,1537]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Thallicera" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC3D4FE8FF9A3" box="[151,360,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Thallicera avellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD99065433106EC3D4FDB4F9A3" author="Swainson" box="[374,595,1514,1537]" page="339" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1840">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433106EC3D4FDF9F9A3" author="Swainson" box="[374,542,1514,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Swainson, W. (1840) A treatise on malacology, or shells and shell-fish. Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, London, 419 pp." type="book" year="1840">Swainson 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 339
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Refers to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543313DDC3D4FC9DF9A3" author="Chemnitz" box="[709,890,1514,1537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Chemnitz, J. H. (1781) Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet 5. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nurnberg, 324 pp." type="book" year="1781">Chemnitz (1781)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
figs. 1919, 1920.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC034FD5EF983" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,697,1546,1569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC034FD5EF983" box="[151,697,1546,1569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC034FE67F983" box="[151,384,1546,1569]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Ampullarina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC034FE67F983" box="[151,384,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ampullarina avellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331096C034FDB3F983" author="Sowerby" box="[398,596,1546,1569]" page="64" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1842">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331096C034FDCAF983" author="Sowerby" box="[398,557,1546,1569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Sowerby, G. B. (1842) A Conchological Manual. H. G. Bohn, London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1842">Sowerby 1842</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 64
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 638.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC014FCECF9E3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,779,1578,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC014FCECF9E3" box="[151,779,1578,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC014FDF1F9E3" ID-CoL="CZDN" authority="Jonas 1846: 35" authorityName="Jonas" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,534,1578,1601]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obvoluta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC014FE97F9E3" box="[151,368,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphibola obvoluta</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD99065433106EC014FDF1F9E3" author="Jonas" box="[374,534,1578,1601]" page="35" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1846">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D99065433106EC014FE16F9E3" author="Jonas" box="[374,497,1578,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Jonas, J. H. (1846) Descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 14, 35." type="journal article" year="1846">Jonas 1846</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 35
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(subjective synonym).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC074FEECF923" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC074FEECF923" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC074FE85F9C3" ID-CoL="CZDL" box="[151,354,1610,1633]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC074FE85F9C3" box="[151,354,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphibola crenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331069C074FDF8F9C3" author="Suter" box="[369,543,1610,1633]" page="596" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1913">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331069C074FE0EF9C3" author="Suter" box="[369,489,1610,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Suter, H. (1913) Manual of the New Zealand Mollusca. Government Printer, Wellington, 1120 pp." type="book" year="1913">Suter 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 596
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. LXIX, fig. 9;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543313C7C074FC85F9C3" author="Farnie" box="[735,866,1610,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Farnie, W. C. (1919) The structure of Amphibola crenata Martyn. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 51, 69 - 85." type="journal article" year="1919">Farnie 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9906543312ABC074FB8BF9C3" author="Thiele" box="[947,1132,1610,1633]" page="470" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543312ABC074FBD0F9C3" author="Thiele" box="[947,1079,1610,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Thiele, J. (1931) Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena, 778 pp." type="book" year="1931">Thiele 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 470
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 661;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD9906543315C1C074FA7FF9C3" author="Powell" box="[1241,1432,1610,1633]" page="294" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9906543315C1C074FA85F9C3" author="Powell" box="[1241,1378,1610,1633]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1979) The New Zealand Mollusca: Marine, Land and Freshwater Shells. Collins, Auckland, 500 pp." type="book" year="1979">Powell 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 294
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 54.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC0B4FD57F903" blockId="6.[151,1436,1226,1697]" box="[151,688,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB41118299065433118FC0B4FD57F903" box="[151,688,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F99065433118FC0B4FE89F903" ID-CoL="NT9C" box="[151,366,1674,1697]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC0B4FE89F903" box="[151,366,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphibola avellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF010BD990654331064C0B4FD82F903" author="Hubendick" box="[380,613,1674,1697]" page="106" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1945">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D990654331064C0B4FDD6F903" author="Hubendick" box="[380,561,1674,1697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Hubendick, B. (1945) On the family Amphibolidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 26, 103 - 110." type="journal article" year="1945">Hubendick 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 106
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65279906543D118FC0ECFF0CFDB8" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC99065433118FC0ECFBE9F94E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1746,2012]" box="[151,1038,1746,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE99065433118FC0ECFEAAF94E" bold="true" box="[151,333,1746,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA880E99065433118FC0ECFF35F94E" box="[151,210,1746,1772]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Location not known, material not examined (see Remarks).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9906543311DEC0C4FCCCF8C6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1746,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9906543311DEC0C4FDE4F8B6" bold="true" box="[198,515,1786,1812]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346763C99065433130AC0C4FD53F8B6" box="[530,692,1786,1812]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Aotea, mudflats,
|
||
<date id="FFEF106C990654331292C0C4FBC5F8B6" box="[906,1058,1786,1812]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2003-12-31">31 Dec 2003</date>
|
||
, W.F. Ponder (AMS C.446521); Otago Peninsula, Hoopers Inlet,
|
||
<date id="FFEF106C990654331302C11CFD43F89E" box="[538,676,1826,1852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2005-04-05">5 Apr 2005</date>
|
||
, J. Waters (AMS C.446522); Waimakariri, river estuary,
|
||
<date id="FFEF106C99065433145FC11CFF33F8C6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1955-12-20">20 Dec 1955</date>
|
||
, W.C. Clark (AMS C.446523 ex MNZ M.
|
||
<date id="FFEF106C9906543313D9C174FCF8F8C6" box="[705,799,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="45-10-08">100845</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9906543211DEC14CFAFFFF78" blockId="6.[151,1437,1746,2012]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9906543311DEC14CFE99F82E" bold="true" box="[198,382,1906,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Redescription:</emphasis>
|
||
Shell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A299906543310CCC14CFDFAF82E" box="[468,541,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,167,1526]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,167,1528]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shell morphology of species in Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), (AMS C. 446522). B – D. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822), B. Lectotype (MHN 1094 / 1), C. Albany, Western Australia (AMS C. 446486), D. Cambridge, Tasmania (AMS C. 442291). E. Salinator tecta sp. nov .. Holotype, Narrabeen Lakes, Sydney (AMS C. 446774). F. Salinator rhamphidia sp. nov .. Holotype, Botany Bay, Sydney (AMS C. 446516). G. Salinator rosacea sp. nov .. Holotype, Elizabeth River, Darwin (AMS C. 446519). H, I. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), H. Holotype (ZMB 22207), I. Lake Illawarra, New South Wales (AMS C. 442239). J. Phallomedusa austrina sp. nov .. Holotype, Stanley, Tasmania (AMS C. 446510). K. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. Holotype, Broome, Western Australia (AMS C. 446775). L. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). Ariake Sea, Japan (AMS C. 446490). M. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). Tsim Bei Tsui, Hong Kong (AMS C. 446511). N. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Holotype, Maningrida, Northern Territory (AMS C. 446485). Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176775/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Diameter to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA99B499906543313FAC14CFCDDF82E" box="[738,826,1906,1932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
||
, globose, thick, spire short, exterior surface roughened with coarse axial sculpture. Last whorl of shell with angulated square shoulder and flat upper surface. Sinus notch corresponding with position of pneumostome and anal lobe on animal, raised and indented. Aperture circular to elongate, outer lip of aperture thickened at base opposite columella; umbilicus sometimes with vertical fold in shell surface adjacent to umbilicus, opposite aperture. Exterior grey to light brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC6D6FF37FEF0" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Operculum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990754321045C6D6FE43FEA0" box="[349,420,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="32.[151,255,1167,1191]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1143]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,194,1143]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 3. Internal surfaces of opercula. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). E. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176776/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Corneous, elongate, thick, brown. Exterior surface with raised striae; paucispiral nucleus marginal, basal near columellar edge, with incomplete spiral rib encircling nucleus on interior surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC75EFEF4FDE0" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">External morphology: Anterior foot dark grey to black in formalin-preserved specimens, protruding only slightly beyond shell when animal crawling. Head grey in formalin-preserved specimens with black pigmented longitudinal stripe on snout; dorsal surface of mantle black. Columellar muscle visible externally as large, white structure, occupying ventral surface between foot and digestive gland. Ovotestis visible externally as bright yellow to orange multi-lobed structure in formalin-preserved specimens, embedded in digestive gland.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC46EFAB4FCF8" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Mantle organs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990754321065C46EFE23FDC8" box="[381,452,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="36.[151,255,1775,1799]" captionTargetBox="[221,1371,204,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,194,1751]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 7. Morphology of organs in the mantle cavity. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). E. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). F. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176780/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Opposed ciliary tracts raised, orange in formalin-preserved specimens, with ciliated epithelium, occupying full length of dorsal and ventral surfaces of right mantle cavity. Hypobranchial gland at anterior right of mantle cavity, approximately 1/4 length of mantle cavity, dome-shaped, dark red in formalin-preserved specimens with black pigmented ducts leading to embedded glandular cells. Kidney occupying roof of mantle cavity from posterior edge of hypobranchial gland to left posterior of mantle cavity; interior of kidney folded, lined with numerous spherical cells; aperture simple, with two lips. Numerous blood vessels (unpigmented) radiate from kidney towards border of mantle and through kidney towards heart.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC556FB55FA98" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Digestive system: Oesophagus running posteriorly from mouth to stomach at posterior left of visceral mass; intestine coiled clockwise and anticlockwise around albumen and oviductal glands of reproductive system; rectum lying along right side of body leading to anal lobe at right anterior edge of mantle. Buccal mass small, cream in formalin-preserved specimens. Salivary glands tubular, pale yellow in formalin-preserved specimens, opening to posterior ventral surface of buccal mass. Oesophagus long, thin-walled, ventral to anterior reproductive structures. Stomach thin-walled, highly folded, with two broad, longitudinal strips of cilia running along inner edge; ciliary action in live specimens moving particles towards typhlosole at posterior end of stomach. Muscular bilobed gizzard separated from stomach by short duct, with two hemispheres of muscle surrounding small, sand-filled compartment; typhlosole ventral to opening of gizzard on posterior left of stomach. Stomach narrows anteriorly to form intestine. Digestive gland dark brown to olive in formalinpreserved specimens, with numerous small lobes, occupying upper whorls of visceral mass, opening to posterior right of ventral cavity adjacent and posterior to junction of oesophagus with stomach.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC376FF25F988" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Radula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A29990754321032C376FE6DFAC0" box="[298,394,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="39.[151,255,1866,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1436,194,1842]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 10. SEM photographs of radulae of Amphibola Schumacher, 1817, Lactiforis gen. nov. and Naranjia gen. nov. species, showing half-radula and detail of central and lateral teeth. A, B. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). C, D. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. E, F. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). G, H. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). A, C, E, G. Scale bar = 50 µm, B, D, F, H. Scale bar = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176783/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B): Each row with central tooth, two pairs of lateral teeth and, on each side, approximately 30 marginal teeth. Central tooth with nine cusps; mesocone large, flattened, hexagonal in outline, flanking cusps flattened, short, triangular. Inner lateral teeth short, narrow, bicuspid. Outer lateral teeth larger than inner lateral teeth, with three cusps; outer cusp large, triangular, inner cusp narrow. Marginal teeth long, narrow, curved towards posterior end of radula; increasing in length and narrower towards outer edge of radula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543211DEC006FCC7F950" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Central nervous system (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A299907543210F4C006FDA4F9F0" box="[492,579,1592,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="41.[151,255,1235,1259]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,186,1196]" captionTargetId="figure@41.[151,1436,160,1211]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 12. Central nervous systems. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786). B. Salinator fragilis (Lamarck, 1822). C. Lactiforis tropicalis sp. nov .. D. Lactiforis takii (Kuroda, 1928). E. Naranjia cf. swatowensis (Yen, 1939). F. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878). G. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov .. Scale bar = 500 µm. Subcerebral and parapedal commissures are indicated on the figures for A. crenata, S. fragilis and P. s o l i d a, but not on the figures for other species as the presence of these structures is unconfirmed." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176785/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Cerebral ganglia equal in size to pedal ganglia; cerebral commissure long, moderately thick. Subcerebral commissure very thin, ventral to oesophagus. Parapedal commissure thin, long, anterior to thicker pedal commissure. Pleural ganglia small, with short connectives to pedal, parietal and cerebral ganglia. Visceral ganglionic chain moderately long. Parietal ganglia asymmetrical, right larger than left. Right parietal-visceral connective shorter than left.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9907543D11DEC13EFF0CFDB8" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,1218]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Reproductive system (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A299907543210CBC13EFDD1F8B8" box="[467,566,1792,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="42.[151,244,1729,1750]" captionTargetBox="[191,1378,163,1695]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[182,1406,141,1711]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 13. Reproductive systems of Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae fam. nov. and Maningrididae fam. nov .. These figures show the entire reproductive system and provide an anatomical map for the structures illustrated in Figs. 13 – 15. A. Amphibola crenata (Martyn, 1786), with spermovipositor sheath dissected open to show internal structures. Scale bar = 2 mm. B. Salinator tecta sp. nov., with spermovipositor sheath intact. Scale bar = 1 mm. C. Phallomedusa solida (Martens, 1878), with preputium dissected open to show penis. Scale bar = 2 mm. D. Maningrida arnhemensis sp. nov., with genital atrium dissected open to show internal structure. Parallel shaded lines indicate that ducts are embedded in the body wall. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176786/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 14H, 17F): Running from posterior visceral mass along right side of body to genital aperture on right side of head. Ovotestis composed of numerous small lobes leading to converging ducts which join hermaphrodite duct at a single point. Upper hermaphrodite duct highly convoluted, cream with russet pigmentation in formalin-preserved specimens, containing unorientated sperm. Albumen and oviductal glands large with central duct and peripheral lobes, both opening to carrefour at a single point. Seminal receptacle small, elliptical, unpigmented; containing sperm orientated towards walls of structure; opening via a short duct to carrefour. Spermoviduct following zigzag course through right body wall distally, leading to hairpin fold in cephalic region before junction with proximal end of copulatory organ. Elongate, tubular prostatic gland joining spermoviduct at junction with copulatory organ. Distal prostatic gland wrapped around retractor muscle of copulatory organ creating false appearance of two separate structures. Spermovipositor long, cylindrical, with hood-shaped aperture of spermoviduct sub-terminal. Additional narrow, blindending duct opens adjacent to spermoviduct aperture at apex of spermovipositor; runs back through spermovipositor to just below proximal base but does not connect to spermoviduct or prostatic gland. Spermovipositor covered by thin-walled spermovipositor sheath which lacks folds or pockets. Egg masses deposited on substrate as a collar, elliptical in cross-section, sometimes with substratum like sand or mud embedded in the matrix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65279908543D11DEC419FF04FD30" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9908543D11DEC419FF04FD30" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D11DEC419FE1DFDE3" bold="true" box="[198,506,551,577]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136A2A299908543D1313C416FDB7FDE0" box="[523,592,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,255,1168,1192]" captionTargetBox="[163,1431,197,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[163,1448,197,1158]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributions of amphiboloidean species determined from the present study and previous reports. Species in bold are examined in this paper." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176774/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
): Widely distributed in coastal mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9908543D1559C416FB04FDE0" box="[1089,1251,552,578]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in tidal estuaries, mud flats and amongst saltmarsh vegetation. Often occurring in very high densities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D1587C46EFAD8FDC8" author="Watters" box="[1183,1343,592,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" refString="Watters, P. A. (1964) Distribution of Amphibola crenata (Pulmonata) in the Dunedin area, with notes on the probable origin of the species. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 4, 117 - 134." type="journal article" year="1964">Watters 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D1453C46EFF31FD30" author="Powell" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1979) The New Zealand Mollusca: Marine, Land and Freshwater Shells. Collins, Auckland, 500 pp." type="book" year="1979">Powell 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B65279908543D11DEC4A1FDEAFB60" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9908543D11DEC4A1FDFAFC90" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D11DEC4A1FEA5FD1B" bold="true" box="[198,322,671,697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA880E9908543D109BC49EFE52FD18" box="[387,437,672,698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D134CC49EFD37FD1B" box="[596,720,672,697]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D134CC49EFD37FD1B" box="[596,720,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not be located and may be lost. Some of Chemnitz’s specimens are believed to be lodged in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, but Cernohorsky’s (1974) catalogue of the Chemnitz specimens held in that collection does not include this species. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EA880E9908543D15ACC4CEFB00FCA8" box="[1204,1255,752,778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
location of this species is simply ‘New Zealand’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36AC9908543D11DEC57EFDEAFB60" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Like
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D101EC57EFE4AFCF8" author="Farnie" box="[262,429,832,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refString="Farnie, W. C. (1919) The structure of Amphibola crenata Martyn. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 51, 69 - 85." type="journal article" year="1919">Farnie (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we have referred all
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9908543D13A2C57EFCBDFCF8" box="[698,858,832,858]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
material to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D12E8C57EFA7FFCF8" authority="Martyn, 1786" authorityName="Martyn" authorityYear="1786" box="[1008,1432,832,858]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D12E8C57EFB33FCFB" box="[1008,1236,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amphibola crenata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D15FEC57EFA68FCF8" author="Martyn" box="[1254,1423,832,858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" refString="Martyn, T. (1786) Universal Conchologist. Unknown publisher, London, 3 volumes." type="book chapter" year="1786">Martyn, 1786</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, we have found Farnie’s description of the species to be largely accurate.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D15B3C556FED3FC08" authority="Jonas, 1846" authorityName="Jonas" authorityYear="1846" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obvoluta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D15B3C556FA7CFC23" box="[1195,1435,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amphibola obvoluta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D1187C5AEFECBFC08" author="Jonas" box="[159,300,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refString="Jonas, J. H. (1846) Descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 14, 35." type="journal article" year="1846">Jonas, 1846</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D1356C5AEFD21FC0B" box="[590,710,912,937]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D1356C5AEFD21FC0B" box="[590,710,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D13EBC5AEFC2EFC08" author="Hubendick" box="[755,969,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refString="Hubendick, B. (1945) On the family Amphibolidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 26, 103 - 110." type="journal article" year="1945">Hubendick (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and this interpretation is followed here.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D118FC586FE61FC73" box="[151,390,952,977]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="obvoluta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D118FC586FE61FC73" box="[151,390,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Amphibola obvoluta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally distinguished as possessing a shell with a shorter (more depressed) spire, lacking an umbilicus and with columellar callus or fold (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B5D9908543D1220C5DEFC25FC58" author="Jonas" box="[824,962,992,1018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="28" refString="Jonas, J. H. (1846) Descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 14, 35." type="journal article" year="1846">Jonas 1846</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimens examined in this study and attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D107AC236FE3AFB83" box="[354,477,1032,1057]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D107AC236FE3AFB83" box="[354,477,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varied in the height of the spire, presence of a callus on the columella and presence of a prominent fold adjacent to the umbilicus. We also observed that in the radula, the mesocone on the central tooth varied in relative size and outline. For the present, all the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F346763C9908543D12C9C266FB8AFBD0" box="[977,1133,1112,1138]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
material is assumed to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D2F9908543D118FC2BEFEF7FB3B" box="[151,272,1152,1177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Amphibolidae" genus="Amphibola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EABE9908543D118FC2BEFEF7FB3B" box="[151,272,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. crenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but further studies of the taxon are required to determine if these differences are simply variation or are indicative of cryptic taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |