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<document id="D8FF732B3B8CADF6A254C1BAEA369191" ID-CLB-Dataset="55210" ID-DOI="10.2478/vzoo-2018-0002" ID-GBIF-Dataset="461fa9e8-ec55-4d42-963f-f2e63672607f" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6404156" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1648784396120" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Prokhorov, A. V., Popov, G. V. &amp; Zaika, M. I." docDate="2018" docId="03F887A91636F70CFF56FF06FDB0F823" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.52.1.13-20.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 52 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0002" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Chalcosyrphus eunotus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFC1FFD11634F70EFFF0FFD4FFB0FB4D" masterDocTitle="New Records Of Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) From Ukraine. I. Milesiini And Rhingiini" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1699319033595" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2F83A22CB10A905E31B30C34BF7A4F78">New Records Of Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) From Ukraine. I. Milesiini And Rhingiini</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="327B9A33D0DCAA8EE12FF432D9F84A86">Prokhorov, A. V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F350E657B22F16425A4FB9BE2A1BF683">Popov, G. V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="42618897B316563FDE7FCDDC2E971125">Zaika, M. I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D2BDCB79857D63DC02EF745ED0F03998">Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3E2142DEB1F2823AA7ABD3EB1CABE120">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F887A91636F70CFF56FF06FDB0F823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425664" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194520143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6425664" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887A91636F70CFF56FF06FDB0F823" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887A91636F70CFF56FF06FDB0F823" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C34B65341636F70CFF56FF06FD61FBA3" box="[166,721,210,238]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEE36BF1636F70CFF56FF06FD61FBA3" blockId="2.[166,721,210,238]" box="[166,721,210,238]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0A681D31636F70CFF56FF06FD61FBA3" box="[166,721,210,238]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFF56FF06FDECFBA3" ID-CoL="8BFM5" authority="(Loew, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[166,604,210,238]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Chalcosyrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eunotus">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFF56FF06FE0DFBA0" bold="true" box="[166,445,210,237]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Chalcosyrphus eunotus</emphasis>
(Loew, 1873)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136A2A3A1636F70CFD9AFF07FD78FBA3" box="[618,712,211,238]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[172,211,1800,1822]" captionTargetBox="[191,1208,1013,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-335@1.[191,1208,1013,1765]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Habitus of Criorhina floccosa (figs 1, 2) and Chalcosyrphus eunotus (figs 3, 4), dorsal view: 1, 3 — males, 2, 4 — females." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6404158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6404158/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">figs 34</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B65341636F70CFF2BFED5FB27FA01" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEE36BF1636F70CFF2BFED5FB27FA01" blockId="2.[166,1225,257,333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B393CE21636F70CFF2BFED5FE52FA7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748667302" collectingDate="2011-11-05" collectingDateMax="2017-11-04" collectingDateMin="2011-11-05" collectorName="A. Prokhorov &amp; M. Zaika" country="Ukraine" county="Potashnia" latitude="50.51" location="Irpin" longLatPrecision="658" longitude="30.26" municipality="Tal River" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kyiv">
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d.
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFE23FED5FD94FA5A" box="[467,548,257,279]" name="Ukraine" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="4995F85D1636F70CFDDFFED5FD1BFA5A" box="[559,683,257,279]" country="Ukraine" name="Kyiv" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Kyiv Region</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="628F4E331636F70CFD45FED5FCA4FA5A" box="[693,788,257,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Potashnia</collectingCounty>
env.,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550781636F70CFCA2FED5FC2FFA5A" box="[850,927,257,279]" degrees="50.71" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" precision="555" value="50.71">50.71 N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550781636F70CFC57FED5FC42FA5A" box="[935,1010,257,279]" degrees="29.73" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" precision="555" value="29.73">29.73 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8AACC51636F70CFC0EFED5FBE9FA5A" box="[1022,1113,257,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Tal River</collectingMunicipality>
floodplain,
<date id="FFEF107F1636F70CFF56FEC8FEBFFA7F" box="[166,271,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2015-05-21">
<collectingDate id="EFABE9971636F70CFF56FEC8FEBFFA7F" box="[166,271,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2015-05-21">21.05.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1 ♂ (
<collectorName id="26A453691636F70CFEBDFEC8FE68FA7F" box="[333,472,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">A. Prokhorov</collectorName>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B393CE21636F70CFE1AFEC8FEA3FA01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748667306" collectingDate="2011-11-05" collectingDateMax="2017-11-04" collectingDateMin="2011-11-05" collectorName="A. Prokhorov &amp; M. Zaika" country="Ukraine" county="Potashnia" latitude="50.51" location="Irpin" longLatPrecision="658" longitude="30.26" municipality="Tal River" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kyiv">
<location id="8E8E60641636F70CFE1AFEC8FDABFA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887A91636F70CFF56FF06FDB0F823:8E8E60641636F70CFE1AFEC8FDABFA7F" box="[490,539,284,306]" country="Ukraine" county="Potashnia" latitude="50.51" longLatPrecision="658" longitude="30.26" municipality="Tal River" name="Irpin" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Kyiv">Irpin</location>
env.,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550781636F70CFDA8FEC8FD16FA7F" box="[600,678,284,306]" degrees="50.51" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" precision="555" value="50.51">50.51 N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6550781636F70CFD5EFEC8FD48FA7F" box="[686,760,284,306]" degrees="30.26" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" precision="555" value="30.26">30.26 E</geoCoordinate>
, mixed forest,
<date id="FFEF107F1636F70CFC7CFEC8FC45FA7F" box="[908,1013,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2011-11-05">
<collectingDate id="EFABE9971636F70CFC7CFEC8FC45FA7F" box="[908,1013,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2011-11-05">11.05.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1 ♂,
<date id="FFEF107F1636F70CFBC1FEC8FB2AFA7F" box="[1073,1178,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2012-04-28">
<collectingDate id="EFABE9971636F70CFBC1FEC8FB2AFA7F" box="[1073,1178,284,306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2012-04-28">28.04.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1 ♂ (
<collectorName id="26A453691636F70CFF5EFEE2FEB9FA01" box="[174,265,310,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">M. Zaika</collectorName>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B393CE21636F70CFEE8FEE2FB23FA01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748667309" box="[280,1171,310,333]" collectingDate="2011-11-05" collectingDateMax="2017-11-04" collectingDateMin="2011-11-05" collectorName="A. Prokhorov &amp; M. Zaika" country="Ukraine" county="Potashnia" latitude="50.51" location="Irpin" longLatPrecision="658" longitude="30.26" municipality="Tal River" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kyiv">
idem, mixed forest along railway, on trunk of
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFD20FEE3FCE9FA01" box="[720,857,311,332]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFD20FEE3FCE9FA01" box="[720,857,311,332]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Quercus robur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFEF107F1636F70CFC94FEE2FC7EFA01" box="[868,974,310,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2017-11-04">
<collectingDate id="EFABE9971636F70CFC94FEE2FC7EFA01" box="[868,974,310,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" value="2017-11-04">11.04.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D57FD361636F70CFC26FEE2FC46FA00" box="[982,1014,310,333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectorName id="26A453691636F70CFBF3FEE2FB3CFA01" box="[1027,1164,310,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">A. Prokhorov</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34B65341636F70CFF2BFEA0FDB0F823" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEE36BF1636F70CFF2BFEA0FECFF960" blockId="2.[166,1225,371,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Britain,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFDF6FEA7FD29FAC0" box="[518,665,371,397]" name="Netherlands" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFD5AFEA7FCBFFAC0" box="[682,783,371,397]" name="Belgium" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Belgium</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFCEFFEA0FCC2FAC3" box="[799,882,372,398]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFC73FEA7FC44FAC0" box="[899,1012,371,397]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFBF5FEA7FB75FAC0" box="[1029,1221,371,397]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFF56FE47FEBBFAE0" box="[166,267,403,429]" name="Slovakia" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFEECFE47FE19FAE0" box="[284,425,403,429]" name="Switzerland" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFE49FE40FD94FAE3" box="[441,548,404,430]" name="Hungary" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFDC6FE47FD3CFAE0" box="[566,652,403,429]" name="Poland" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFD6CFE47FCB9FAE0" box="[668,777,403,429]" name="Romania" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Romania</collectingCountry>
; in southern Europe from northern
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFF56FE67FF5AFA80" box="[166,234,435,461]" name="Spain" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Spain</collectingCountry>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFE9BFE60FE0EFA83" box="[363,446,436,462]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFE3BFE67FD95FA80" box="[459,549,435,461]" name="Croatia" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Croatia</collectingCountry>
, Macedonia,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFD36FE67FCA1FA80" box="[710,785,435,461]" name="Serbia" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Serbia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFCEFFE67FC3AFA80" box="[799,906,435,461]" name="Armenia" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Armenia</collectingCountry>
, the Caucasus and
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFB84FE67FB79FA80" box="[1140,1225,435,461]" name="Turkey" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFF5EFE07FE53FAA0" author="Holinka, J. &amp; Mazanek, L." box="[174,483,467,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="60 - 66" refId="ref3073" refString="Holinka, J. &amp; Mazanek, L. 1997. Syrphidae. In: M. Chvala, ed. Check List of Diptera (Insecta) of the Czech and Slovak Republics. Karolinum Press, Charles University, Prague, 60 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1997">Holinka &amp; Mazánek, 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFE1CFE07FCB4FAA0" author="Vujic, A. &amp; Milankov, V." box="[492,772,467,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="113 - 132" refId="ref4067" refString="Vujic, A. &amp; Milankov, V. 1999. New data for the tribes Milesiini and Xylotini (Diptera, Syrphidae) on the Balkan Peninsula. Dipteron. Zeitschrift fur Dipterologie, 2 (6), 113 - 132." type="journal article" year="1999">Vujić &amp; Milankov, 1999</bibRefCitation>
; Speight, 2016).
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFC30FE07FB90FAA0" box="[960,1056,467,493]" name="Ukraine" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFBC0FE07FB07FAA0" bold="true" box="[1072,1207,467,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">first record</emphasis>
). Our records are on the eastern border of the range of this endangered saproxylic European- Caucasian species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEE36BF1636F70CFF2BFDE0FDB0F823" blockId="2.[166,1225,371,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">
Notes. A rare hoverfly associated with a very strict habitat niche (semi-submerged logs in woodland streams), this species is threatened in many countries in Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFB71FD87FF49F9C0" author="Jukes, A." pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref3186" refString="Jukes, A. 2010 b. Chalcosyrphus eunotus (Loew, 1873) (Diptera, Syrphidae): its status, distribution, ecology and conservation. Dipterists Digest, 17, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2010">Jukes, 2010 b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFEF6FDA7FD5AF9C0" author="Soszynska-Maj, A. &amp; Soszynski, B. &amp; Klasa, A." box="[262,746,627,653]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref3680" refString="Soszynska-Maj, A., Soszynski, B. &amp; Klasa, A. 2009. Distribution and ecology of the saproxylic hoverfly Chalcosyrphus eunotus (Loew, 1873) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Poland. Fragmenta Faunistica, 52 (2), 191 - 195." type="journal article" year="2009">Soszyńska-Maj, Soszyński &amp; Klasa, 2009</bibRefCitation>
; Speight, 2016; etc.).
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFC19FDA7FE1EF9E3" author="Maibach, A. &amp; Goeldlin de Tiefenau, P." pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="165 - 175" refId="ref3287" refString="Maibach, A. &amp; Goeldlin de Tiefenau, P. 1992. Description de la pupe de Chalcosyrphus (Xylotodes) eunotus (Loew) et synthese des caracteristiques morphologiques des stades immatures de plusieurs de la tribu des Xylotini (Diptera, Syrphidae). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 65 (1 - 2), 165 - 175." type="journal article" year="1992">Maibach &amp; Goeldlin de Tiefenau (1992)</bibRefCitation>
reared
<specimenCount id="9D57FD361636F70CFDFAFD40FDC7F9E0" box="[522,631,659,686]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" type="larva">one larva</specimenCount>
of this species from a container with wet sawdust placed beside a stream in
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFE13FD60FDFBF980" box="[483,587,692,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFE13FD60FDFBF980" box="[483,587,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Fraxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
woodland. According to other data the larvae made tunnels in the wood of the small
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFDDDFD07FDC1F9A0" box="[557,625,723,749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFDDDFD07FDC1F9A0" box="[557,625,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFD5DFD07FD48F9A0" box="[685,760,723,749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFD5DFD07FD48F9A0" box="[685,760,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
logs partly submerged in water, on the margin of a small stream within riverine gallery woodland (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFC88FD27FBABF843" author="Jukes, A." box="[888,1051,755,782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" refId="ref3120" refString="Jukes, A. 2010 a. Chalcosyrphus eunotus - A Red Data Book Hoverfly. Its status, distribution, ecology and conservation. A report for Staffordshire Wildlife Trust: 1 - 27. http: // www. conopsentomology. co. uk / wp-ntent / uploads / 2013 / 11 / chalcosyrphus-eunotus _ aRedDataBookHoverfly _ ItsStatusDistributionEcology _ and _ Conservation. pdf" type="book" year="2010">
Jukes, 2010
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFBFCFD20FBABF843" author="Jukes, A." box="[1036,1051,756,782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref3186" refString="Jukes, A. 2010 b. Chalcosyrphus eunotus (Loew, 1873) (Diptera, Syrphidae): its status, distribution, ecology and conservation. Dipterists Digest, 17, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2010">a</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, 2010 b,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFB7AFD27FB75F840" author="Jukes, A." box="[1162,1221,755,781]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref3224" refString="Jukes, A. 2011. Chalcosyrphus eunotus. Year 2 - Investigation into species' mobility and metapopulations. A report for: Staffordshire Wildlife Trust: 1 - 19. https: // www. staffs-wildlife. org. uk / sites / default / files / files / Publications / chalcosyrphus % 20 eunotus % 20 year % 202. pdf" type="book chapter" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
; Speight, 2016).
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B4E1636F70CFEADFCC7FD10F863" author="Soszynska-Maj, A. &amp; Soszynski, B. &amp; Klasa, A." box="[349,672,787,814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref3680" refString="Soszynska-Maj, A., Soszynski, B. &amp; Klasa, A. 2009. Distribution and ecology of the saproxylic hoverfly Chalcosyrphus eunotus (Loew, 1873) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Poland. Fragmenta Faunistica, 52 (2), 191 - 195." type="journal article" year="2009">Soszyńska-Maj et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
advance the hypothesis that the increasing occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C514D3C1636F70CFEC7FCE7FE05F800" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[311,437,819,845]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Chalcosyrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eunotus">
<emphasis id="B925EAAD1636F70CFEC7FCE7FE05F800" box="[311,437,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">C. eunotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F346762F1636F70CFE2FFCE7FD82F800" box="[479,562,819,845]" name="Poland" pageId="2" pageNumber="15">Poland</collectingCountry>
is directly proportional to increasing in the number of beavers over the last 20 years.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>