treatments-xml/data/03/D8/87/03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.561.1.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7052883" checkinTime="1662449231519" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Silva, Marcos José Da &amp; Aona, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme" docDate="2022" docId="03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.561.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 561 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.561.1.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.5:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Dichorisandra rigidifolia M. J. Silva &amp; Aona 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="FFE1FFAEFFA7FFC4C261FF973E31CC3B" masterDocTitle="Dichorisandra rigidifolia (Commelinaceae), a new species from Cerrado of Goiás, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1662492447869" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Dichorisandra rigidifolia (Commelinaceae), a new species from Cerrado of Goiás, Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Silva, Marcos José Da</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratório de Sistemática e Filogenia Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Goiás, CP 131, 74001 - 970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Aona, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, 44380 - 000, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-09-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>561</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>95</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.561.1.9</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.561.1.9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7052883</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<subSubSection box="[136,877,1143,1166]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1143,1310]" box="[136,877,1143,1166]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName authority="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,578,1143,1166]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,385,1143,1165]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</emphasis>
M. J. Silva &amp; Aona
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis box="[588,662,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[588,662,1144,1165]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<figureCitation box="[672,810,1144,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[270,1316,443,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-134@2.[262,1325,425,1890]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dichorisandra rigidifolia. A. Flowering branch; B. Leaf. C. Detail of leaf base and sheath. D. Detail of leaf margin; E and F. Cincinnus bract. G. Detail of the indumentum on the abaxial surface of the bracts of the cincinnus; H. Bracteole, note the margin sparsely ciliate. I. Flower bud. J. Flower in ventral view. K. Petals, L. Sepals. M. General aspect of the stamen in staminate flowers. N. Detail of a monocline flower with some of the sepals and petals removed. O. Stamens, note their size variations. P. Gynoecium. Q. Detail of the stigma. R. Capsule. (Drawn by Cristiano Gualberto from M. J. Silva, I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira 11706)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052885/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Figures 1A–R</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[820,874,1144,1165]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,190,1951]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dichorisandra rigidifolia. A. Habitat. B. Habit with inflorescence detail. C. Vegetative branch, note the alternate leaves. D. Detail of the glabrous stem and rest of the leaf sheath. E. Fertile branch. F. Inflorescence showing cincinni and floral buds. G. Flower in ventral view. H. Cincinnus in lateral view. I. Portion of the cincinnus showing the persistent bracts. J. Capsules, note the smooth surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052887/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">2A–J</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1143,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,186,1180,1201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-28" collectionCode="UFG" collectorName="M. J. Silva &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="Brazil" county="Niquelandia" elevation="626" latitude="-14.612223" location="Nucleo Engenho" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.480835" municipality="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry box="[215,307,1180,1201]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[316,376,1180,1202]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Goiás</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty box="[384,504,1180,1202]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Niquelândia</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[514,1275,1180,1202]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Legado Verdes do Cerrado</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA6FFC5C764FB0B3B99C889" box="[1285,1448,1180,1202]" country="Brazil" county="Niquelandia" latitude="-14.612223" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.480835" municipality="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" name="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Goias">Núcleo Engenho</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA6FFC5C2DCFB573F5AC8ED" box="[189,363,1216,1239]" country="Brazil" county="Niquelandia" latitude="-14.612223" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.480835" municipality="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" name="Area do Coimbra" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Goias">Área do Coimbra</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA6FFC5C317FB573CF2C8ED" box="[374,707,1216,1238]" country="Brazil" county="Niquelandia" latitude="-14.612223" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.480835" municipality="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" name="Imediacoes da Caverna do Timbo" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Goias">Imediações da Caverna do Timbó</location>
, cerrado denso de encosta de morro, cerca de 100 metros a partir da lateral esquerda da Caverna do Timbó, solo argilo-arenoso, 
<geoCoordinate box="[694,810,1252,1274]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-14.612223">14°36’44”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[819,946,1252,1274]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-48.480835">48°28’51’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[955,1016,1252,1274]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.26" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="626.0">
<elevation box="[955,1016,1252,1274]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.26" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="626.0">626 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[1078,1236,1252,1273]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" value="2021-01-28">
<collectingDate box="[1078,1236,1252,1273]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" value="2021-01-28">28 January 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<collectorName box="[1311,1410,1252,1273]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">M.J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName pageId="1" pageNumber="96">I.S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[284,403,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">B.R. Pereira</collectorName>
11706
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[480,566,1288,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode box="[572,628,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">UFG</collectionCode>
!;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation box="[641,1052,1288,1310]" collectingDate="2021-01-28" collectionCode="CEN, HURB, RB, UB, UFG" collectorName="M. J. Silva &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="Brazil" county="Niquelandia" elevation="626" latitude="-14.612223" location="Nucleo Engenho" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.480835" municipality="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="isotypes">
<typeStatus box="[641,720,1288,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">isotypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode box="[725,780,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">CEN</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode box="[793,867,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">HURB</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode box="[880,918,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">RB</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode box="[932,972,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">UB</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode box="[985,1041,1288,1309]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">UFG</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1356,2067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,251,1356,1382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Diagnosis</emphasis>
:—This species has unique features in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mikan" authorityYear="1820" box="[709,874,1356,1382]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[709,874,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Dichorisandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including erect habit, leaves firmly chartaceous, bracts of the cincinni and bracteoles persistent, flowers with petals lilac or pinkish from the middle third; and globose, blackish, and smooth capsules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1356,2067]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1451,158,401]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,327,1464,1490]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Description</emphasis>
:— 
<emphasis box="[364,432,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Herbs</emphasis>
<quantity box="[442,586,1464,1491]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="1.85" valueMin="1.15">1.15–1.85 m</quantity>
tall, terricolous or rupicolous, always erect; 
<emphasis box="[1105,1167,1465,1490]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">stems</emphasis>
<quantity box="[1177,1304,1464,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2.5 cm</quantity>
diam. at the base, cylindrical, branching from the upper third, glabrous, including the outer surface of the sheaths at the base of the branches, the abaxial surfaces of the leaves, external surfaces of the sepals, cincinnus bracts, bracteoles, and buds; 
<emphasis box="[136,254,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">internodes</emphasis>
<quantity box="[262,389,1572,1599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4.5 cm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis box="[462,540,1573,1598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Leaves</emphasis>
distichous alternate, congested at the ends of the main stem or its ramifications; sheaths 
<quantity box="[224,327,1608,1635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="2.0">2–2.1 cm</quantity>
long, longitudinally striated, sheaths at the base of the branches 
<quantity box="[1035,1137,1608,1635]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="3.55" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.1">2.1–5 cm</quantity>
long, acuminate at the apex, glabrous or glabrescent, non-ciliated, green, petiole indistinct or up to 
<quantity box="[905,968,1644,1671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, green, slightly sulcate; 
<emphasis box="[1288,1350,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">blade</emphasis>
(5.5–)8– 14.1 × (2.6–) 
<quantity box="[279,382,1680,1707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="4.15" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="3.0">3–5.3 cm</quantity>
elliptic, ovate-elliptic, oblong-elliptic, firmly chartaceous, base conspicuously asymmetric, apex acuminate, margins entire, non-ciliated, glabrous or sometimes glabrescent in the region immediately near the petiole on the abaxial surface, flat. 
<emphasis box="[441,591,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Inflorescence</emphasis>
5.5–7.5(–11) cm long, terminal, erect, main and secondary axes tomentulose; leaf at the base of the inflorescence not differentiated from the others; peduncle 
<quantity box="[1029,1154,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="2.65" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.8 cm</quantity>
long; cincinnus peduncles 
<quantity box="[136,251,1824,1851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3 mm</quantity>
long, decreasing towards the apex; 
<emphasis box="[656,746,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">cincinni</emphasis>
9–13(–22), laxly distributed, (3–)6–7 flowered each; bracts of the cincinnus 12–15 × 
<quantity box="[388,525,1860,1887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.2 mm</quantity>
, parallel to the peduncles of the cincinnus, lanceolate, decreasing towards the apex, glabrous, ciliated, persistent; bracteoles 5–5.1 × 
<quantity box="[673,788,1896,1923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="3.45" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.9">2.9–4 mm</quantity>
, triangular or deltoid, glabrous, ciliated in the lower third or apex, persistent. 
<emphasis box="[323,415,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Flowers</emphasis>
staminate or bisexual, 1.85–1.9 × 
<quantity box="[799,905,1932,1959]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2 cm</quantity>
, zygomorphic due to the position of the stamens; 
<emphasis box="[136,217,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">pedicel</emphasis>
<quantity box="[225,339,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="4.6" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5 mm</quantity>
long, green, sparsely pubescent; 
<emphasis box="[714,837,1968,1994]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">floral buds</emphasis>
7.8– 9.2 × 
<quantity box="[968,1105,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="4.7">4.7–4.8 mm</quantity>
, oblongoid, ellipsoid or ovoid, glabrous, lilac or pinkish, sometimes whitish at base and greenish at apex; 
<emphasis box="[1008,1078,2004,2030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">sepals</emphasis>
11.4–11.6 × 
<quantity box="[1233,1352,2004,2031]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="4.65" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.3">4.3–5 mm</quantity>
, oblong, oblong-elliptic, cymbiform, membranous, margins entire, not ciliated, glabrous on both surfaces, white at the base and pink or lilac from the lower third; 
<emphasis box="[567,634,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">petals</emphasis>
13.2–13.3 × 
<quantity box="[783,892,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 mm</quantity>
, widely obtrullate or obovate, entire, apex obtuse, lilac or pink, basal third white; 
<emphasis box="[489,579,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">stamens</emphasis>
6, subequal; filaments 
<quantity box="[840,955,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–4 mm</quantity>
long, white; anthers 
<quantity box="[1191,1307,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="5.65" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.3">5.3–6 mm</quantity>
, connectives white, thecae lilac or pink, with 2 apical pores, base sagittate; 
<emphasis box="[835,899,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">ovary</emphasis>
1.3–1.4 × 
<quantity box="[1021,1138,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="2.0">2–2.1 mm</quantity>
, globose, glabrous, smooth, with prominent mericarps; style 
<quantity box="[507,644,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="6.15" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="6.1">6.1–6.2 mm</quantity>
long, erect; stigma subcapitate, papillose. 
<emphasis box="[1131,1234,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">Capsules</emphasis>
1–1.2 × 
<quantity box="[1338,1447,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1 cm</quantity>
, loculicidal, globose, green when immature, completely blackish, glossy, smooth when mature. 
<emphasis box="[1232,1296,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">Seeds</emphasis>
2 per locule, 3–4.2 × 
<quantity box="[234,374,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.8 mm</quantity>
, ovoid, dorsiventrally compressed, darkish, testa scrobiculate; hilum C-shaped, as long as the seed; embryotega semilateral; aril orange, spongy, thick.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7052885" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052885/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" startId="2.[136,229,1915,1937]" targetBox="[270,1316,443,1876]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,1915,2081]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,247,1915,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[258,502,1915,1936]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[258,502,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[514,531,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branch; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[725,741,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">B</emphasis>
. Leaf. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[808,825,1915,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">C</emphasis>
. Detail of leaf base and sheath. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1129,1146,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">D</emphasis>
. Detail of leaf margin; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1369,1385,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">E</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1431,1446,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">F</emphasis>
. Cincinnus bract. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[299,324,1951,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">G.</emphasis>
Detail of the indumentum on the abaxial surface of the bracts of the cincinnus; 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1084,1103,1951,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">H</emphasis>
. Bracteole, note the margin sparsely ciliate. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[207,216,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">I</emphasis>
. Flower bud. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[351,363,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">J</emphasis>
. Flower in ventral view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[605,630,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">K.</emphasis>
Petals, 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[706,728,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">L.</emphasis>
Sepals. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[809,837,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">M.</emphasis>
General aspect of the stamen in staminate flowers. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1337,1354,1987,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">N</emphasis>
. Detail of a monocline flower with some of the sepals and petals removed. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[769,788,2023,2045]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">O</emphasis>
. Stamens, note their size variations. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1145,1160,2023,2044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">P</emphasis>
. Gynoecium. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1298,1323,2023,2045]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">Q.</emphasis>
Detail of the stigma. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[212,236,2059,2080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">R.</emphasis>
Capsule. (Drawn by Cristiano Gualberto from 
<emphasis box="[689,1132,2059,2081]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="97">M. J. Silva, I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira 11706</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052887" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7052887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052887/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" startId="3.[136,229,1976,1998]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1951]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,1976,2070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,248,1976,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[260,505,1976,1997]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[260,505,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[518,535,1976,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">A</emphasis>
. Habitat. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[631,647,1976,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">B</emphasis>
. Habit with inflorescence detail. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[968,985,1976,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">C</emphasis>
. Vegetative branch, note the alternate leaves. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1428,1445,1976,1997]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">D</emphasis>
. Detail of the glabrous stem and rest of the leaf sheath. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[663,679,2012,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">E</emphasis>
. Fertile branch. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[837,852,2012,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">F</emphasis>
. Inflorescence showing cincinni and floral buds. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1328,1347,2012,2034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">G</emphasis>
. Flower in ventral view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[266,285,2048,2069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">H</emphasis>
. Cincinnus in lateral view. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[547,556,2048,2069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">I</emphasis>
. Portion of the cincinnus showing the persistent bracts. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1094,1106,2048,2069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="98">J</emphasis>
. Capsules, note the smooth surface.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052889" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7052889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052889/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" startId="4.[136,229,1778,1800]" targetBox="[183,1408,238,1690]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,1778,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,247,1778,1800]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Distribution of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[407,651,1778,1799]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[407,651,1778,1799]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A Map of Brazil, highlighting Goiás State in gray; B Map of Goiás State, its limits and elevation variations. C Municipality of Niquelândia, (dotted area) with the species distribution points. Abbreviations for the Brazilian states (BA, Bahia; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; TO, Tocantins) and Federal District (DF).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1451,1954,2089]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-11-29" collectorName="M. L. Fonseca" country="Brazil" elevation="830" latitude="-14.396667" location="Macedo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.433056" municipality="Niquelandia" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Goias">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,707,1954,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<typeStatus box="[189,564,1954,1980]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus box="[578,700,1954,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">paratypes</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:— 
<collectingCountry box="[740,847,1955,1981]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[856,926,1954,1980]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Goiás</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality box="[935,1075,1954,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Niquelândia</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA3FFC0C65DF8353AA8CB87" box="[1084,1177,1954,1980]" country="Brazil" latitude="-14.396667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.433056" municipality="Niquelandia" name="Macedo" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" stateProvince="Goias">Macedo</location>
, segunda bica do asfalto, solo laterítico, 
<geoCoordinate box="[309,443,1991,2017]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-14.396667">14°23’48”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[458,601,1990,2017]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-48.433056">48°25’59”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[616,689,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="830.0">
<elevation box="[616,689,1991,2017]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="830.0">830 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[767,989,1990,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="2006-11-29">
<collectingDate box="[767,989,1990,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="2006-11-29">29 November 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis box="[1058,1360,1990,2017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">
<collectorName box="[1058,1226,1991,2016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">M. L. Fonseca</collectorName>
et al. 1399
</emphasis>
(IBGE, UEC, US)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
<collectingCounty box="[265,1151,2026,2053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Legado Verdes do Cerrado</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1162,1351,2026,2052]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Núcleo Engenho</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA3FFC0C733F87B3F75C412" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Area do Corrego da Anta" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Área do Córrego da Anta</location>
acessado pela 
<collectorName box="[497,768,2062,2089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99">Cabeceira dos Macacos</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[781,915,2062,2089]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-14.681945">14°40’55”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[929,1072,2063,2089]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-48.453335">48°27’12”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[1086,1159,2063,2089]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="727.0">
<elevation box="[1086,1159,2063,2089]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="727.0">727 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[1235,1451,2062,2089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="2020-12-04">
<collectingDate box="[1235,1451,2062,2089]" pageId="4" pageNumber="99" value="2020-12-04">04 December 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis box="[192,558,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[192,311,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[346,484,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">A. A. Alonso</collectorName>
11369
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[653,721,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11370</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C108FF083F89CCE7" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Legado Verdes do Cerrado</location>
, Núcleo Engenho, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C0F1FF533D66CCE7" box="[656,855,194,223]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Area do Coimbra" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Área do Coimbra</location>
, imediações 
<collectorName box="[1000,1248,194,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
da 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C66AFF553AD1CCE7" box="[1035,1248,194,220]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Caverna do Timbo" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Caverna do Timbó</location>
</collectorName>
, cerrado denso de encosta de morro em afloramento de rochas lateral a caverna, solo areno-argiloso pedregoso, 
<date box="[1217,1408,230,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-01-28">
<collectingDate box="[1217,1408,230,257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-01-28">28 January 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl, fr), 
<emphasis box="[180,722,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[180,308,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[322,453,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[493,645,267,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11692
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[822,890,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11693</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[991,1059,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11694</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., cerca de 100 metros a partir da lateral esquerda 
<collectorName box="[450,701,302,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
da 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C387FEB93C8CCD73" box="[486,701,302,328]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Caverna do Timbo" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Caverna do Timbó</location>
</collectorName>
, em encosta de morro, solo areno-argiloso pedregoso, 
<date pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-01-28">
<collectingDate pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-01-28">28 January 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis box="[296,822,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[296,421,338,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[433,561,339,365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[598,747,339,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11706
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[919,987,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11708</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[1085,1153,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11709</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., cerca de 100 metros da lateral esquerda da caverna do Timbó e 120 metros a partir da subida do morro, em afloramentos de rochas, 
<geoCoordinate box="[136,271,410,436]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-14.551945">14°33’07”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[283,426,410,436]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-48.50083">48°30’03”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[438,509,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="684.0">
<elevation box="[438,509,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="684.0">684 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[581,781,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">
<collectingDate box="[581,781,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">19 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis box="[845,1363,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[845,968,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[979,1105,411,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[1141,1288,411,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11759
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[136,204,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11760</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., 150 metros a esquerda da lateral 
<collectorName box="[734,982,446,472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
da 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C161FE293DE7CDE3" box="[768,982,446,472]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Caverna do Timbo" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Caverna do Timbó</location>
</collectorName>
, aproximadamente 160 metros a partir da base do morro, 
<geoCoordinate box="[317,452,482,508]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-14.551945">14°33’07”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[465,609,482,508]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-48.50083">48°30’03”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[622,695,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="684.0">
<elevation box="[622,695,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="684.0">684 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[772,976,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">
<collectingDate box="[772,976,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">19 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[1084,1211,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1224,1354,483,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11877
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[391,459,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11880</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[554,622,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11895</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., cerrado denso em topo de morro, próximo a afloramentos de rochas, 
<geoCoordinate box="[223,358,554,580]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-14.552778">14°33’10”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[370,514,554,581]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-48.49972">48°29’59”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[525,596,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.49" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="649.0">
<elevation box="[525,596,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.49" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="649.0">649 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[669,868,554,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">
<collectingDate box="[669,868,554,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">19 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl.), 
<emphasis box="[933,1451,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[933,1056,554,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1067,1193,555,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[1229,1377,555,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11881
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[226,294,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11882</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[392,460,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11900</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[558,626,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11901</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
área aberta de floresta seca, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1047,1203,590,617]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="1" seconds="0.75" value="-14.550208">14°33’0.75”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[1216,1360,590,616]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-48.50083">48°30’03”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount box="[1372,1452,590,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="generic">
<quantity box="[1372,1448,590,617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7299999999999995" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="673.0">
<elevation box="[1372,1448,590,617]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7299999999999995" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="673.0">673 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l. 
<date box="[196,395,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">
<collectingDate box="[196,395,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">19 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis box="[498,1019,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[498,622,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[633,760,627,653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[796,944,627,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11884
</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., primeira estrada lateral a 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C2E9FD013F6ECE8B" box="[136,351,662,688]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Caverna do Timbo" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Caverna do Timbó</location>
, cerca de 150 metros, na lateral esquerda em encosta de morro, cerrado denso, areno-pedregoso, 
<geoCoordinate box="[136,270,698,725]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-14.548612">14°32’55”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[285,428,698,724]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-48.504723">48°30’17”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[443,516,698,725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.99" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="599.0">
<elevation box="[443,516,698,725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.99" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="599.0">599 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[594,798,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">
<collectingDate box="[594,798,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-19">19 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis box="[908,1451,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[908,1036,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1050,1181,699,725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[1222,1374,699,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
11921
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[225,293,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">11922</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., 350 metros a partir da primeira estrada a direita da caverna do timbó no sopé do morro a direita, 
<geoCoordinate box="[222,356,770,797]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-14.549445">14°32’58”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[368,512,770,796]" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-48.506668">48°30’24”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity box="[523,594,770,797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.12" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="612.0">
<elevation box="[523,594,770,797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.12" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="612.0">612 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<date box="[667,838,770,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-03-27">
<collectingDate box="[667,838,770,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-03-27">27 March 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis box="[940,1451,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[940,1063,770,796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1073,1213,770,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">A. A. Alonso</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[1248,1375,771,797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
12166
</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-12-04" collectingDateMax="2021-03-27" collectingDateMin="2020-12-04" collectorName="Cabeceira dos Macacos &amp; M. J. Silva &amp; A. A. Alonso &amp; da Caverna do Timbo &amp; I. S. Santos &amp; B. R. Pereira" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" elevation="727" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="100" latitude="-14.549445" location="Area do Corrego da Anta" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" pageId="5" pageNumber="99" specimenCount="673">
ibd., 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887D6FFA6FFC2C2E9FBE03F49CBA4:8EAE601BFFA2FFC1C37CFCBF3FC0CF7B" box="[285,497,806,835]" country="United States of America" county="Reserva Particular de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Legado Verdes do Cerrado" latitude="-14.549445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-48.506668" municipality="Nucleo Engenho" name="Area do Ze Gordo" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Área do Zé Gordo</location>
, primeiro afloramento de rochas cerca de 1, 
<quantity box="[999,1057,806,832]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
a partir da estrada que leva a casa abandonada, 14°20’28”, 48°13’58”, 
<quantity box="[547,619,842,869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.87" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="687.0">
<elevation box="[547,619,842,869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.87" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="687.0">687 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., cerrado denso 
<date box="[856,1057,842,868]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-20">
<collectingDate box="[856,1057,842,868]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" value="2021-02-20">20 February 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl., fr.), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<collectorName box="[1160,1284,842,868]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">M. J. Silva</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[1295,1422,843,869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">I. S. Santos</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[136,282,879,904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">B. R. Pereira</collectorName>
12011
</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[453,523,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">12012</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[619,689,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">12013</emphasis>
(UFG), 
<emphasis box="[785,855,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">12014</emphasis>
(UFG)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,491,914,940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
—Species collected until now in the municipality of Niquelândia, 
<collectingRegion box="[1239,1371,914,940]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[1383,1451,914,940]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation box="[144,215,950,976]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1778,1800]" captionTargetBox="[183,1408,238,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[151,1436,212,1712]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Dichorisandra rigidifolia. A Map of Brazil, highlighting Goiás State in gray; B Map of Goiás State, its limits and elevation variations. C Municipality of Niquelândia, (dotted area) with the species distribution points.Abbreviations for the Brazilian states (BA, Bahia; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; TO, Tocantins) and Federal District (DF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7052889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7052889/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). It grows in “ 
<emphasis box="[385,584,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">cerrados típicos”</emphasis>
, in the Macedo region, and in “ 
<emphasis box="[953,1116,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">cerrado denso</emphasis>
”, in level areas, on slopes or hilltops, in the Legado Verdes do Cerrado Private Sustainable Development Reserve, on sandy-clay or sandy-stony soils near rock outcrops, or in rock crevices between 612 and 830 meters of elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[189,1344,1058,1085]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" box="[189,1344,1058,1085]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,1058,1084]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Collected with flowers from November to March and with fruits in February and March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,1094,1120]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet “rigidifolia” alludes to the rigid aspect of the leaves of the new species when compared to congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="conservation">
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,581,1166,1192]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Preliminary conservation status:</emphasis>
—Species classified as Endangered, EN, B1ab(iii, v), B2ab(ii, iv, v), C(i) for having an Extent of Occurrence and Area of Occupancy of 
<quantity box="[821,957,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="8" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.43609" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="km" value="443609.0">443,609 km</quantity>
<superScript attach="left" box="[957,965,1202,1216]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">2</superScript>
and 
<quantity box="[1023,1150,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="8" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="km" value="144000.0">144,000km</quantity>
<superScript attach="left" box="[1150,1158,1202,1216]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">2</superScript>
respectively, as well as a restricted distribution. It forms populations of less than 250 mature individuals growing in areas of difficult access, such as slopes or hilltops, but surrounded by soybean plantations or devastated savannah patches.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,562,1310,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Morphology and relationships:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[590,877,1310,1336]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[590,877,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by its herbaceous habit, always erect, between 
<quantity box="[308,436,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.475" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="m" value="1.475" valueMax="1.85" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.85 m</quantity>
tall, glabrous stems branching from the upper third, robust (
<quantity box="[1127,1255,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="0.9">0.9–2.4 cm</quantity>
diam.), branches neither pendulous nor supporting, leaves alternate and distichous, firmly chartaceous, ovate, widely ovate-oblong or combinations, with asymmetrical base, glabrous on both surfaces or with trichomes only at the base of the abaxial surface, petiole, and sheath, inflorescences with cincinni bracts and persistent bracteoles, flowers with glabrous sepals, lilac or pink petals from the middle third, androecium with six fertile stamens with thecae lilac or pink with two apical pores, in addition to globose, completely blackish and smooth capsules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
It shares with 
<taxonomicName authority="Ule (1908: 70)" authorityName="Ule" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1908" box="[344,660,1562,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">
<emphasis box="[344,492,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. densiflora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Ule, E. H. G." box="[497,660,1562,1588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="69 - 123" refId="ref6698" refString="Ule, E. H. G. (1908) III. Beitrage zur Flora der Hylaea nach den Sammlungen von Ules Amazonas - Epedition. Unter Mitwirkung einer Anzahl Autoren Herausgegeben. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins der Provinz Brandenburg 50: 69 - 123." type="journal article" year="1908">Ule (1908: 70)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
an alternating phyllotaxis and leaves glabrous or with sparse trichomes only on the abaxial surface, inflorescences always erect with persistent bracteoles, and globose capsules. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1908" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Dichorisandra densiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, has unbranched stems (
<emphasis box="[651,674,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs</emphasis>
. branched in the upper third in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[1051,1202,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[1051,1202,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), leaves with ciliated margins (
<emphasis box="[242,273,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs.</emphasis>
non-ciliated), sheaths 
<quantity box="[526,631,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="2.4" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8–3 cm</quantity>
long, glabrous or pubescent only in the region opposite the leaf insertion (
<emphasis box="[145,168,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity box="[184,289,1706,1733]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="2.0">2–2.1 cm</quantity>
long, uniformly tomentellous), cincinni with (5–)16–18 flowers (
<emphasis box="[1033,1063,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs.</emphasis>
(3–)6–7), cincinni bracts 16–21 × 
<quantity box="[136,241,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis box="[259,289,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs.</emphasis>
12–15 × 
<quantity box="[399,537,1742,1768]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="2.1">2.1 –2.2 cm</quantity>
), bracteoles 2.9–3 × 
<quantity box="[774,879,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis box="[896,927,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs.</emphasis>
5–5.1 × 
<quantity box="[1029,1138,1742,1768]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="cm" value="3.45" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.9">2.9–4 cm</quantity>
), flowers with pedicel ca. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
long, petals purplish-blue, and pollen sacs blue (
<emphasis box="[733,756,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs</emphasis>
. flowers with pedicel 
<quantity box="[1008,1123,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" unit="mm" value="4.6" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5 mm</quantity>
long, lilac or pink petals and pollen sacs), gynoecium with capitate and trilobed stigma (
<emphasis box="[798,829,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs.</emphasis>
subcapitate), in addition to largely ellipsoid or obovoid capsules 3-ribbed (
<emphasis box="[347,370,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">vs</emphasis>
. globose and smooth capsules).According to 
<bibRefCitation author="Aona, L. Y. S." box="[877,1020,1850,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" refId="ref4706" refString="Aona, L. Y. S. (2008) Revisao taxonomica e analise cladistica do genero Dichorisandra J. C. Mikan (Commelinaceae). PhD Thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 310 pp." type="book" year="2008">Aona (2008)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ule" authorityYear="1908" box="[1031,1178,1850,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">
<emphasis box="[1031,1178,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. densiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the South American Amazon Domain of 
<collectingCountry box="[489,540,1887,1913]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Peru</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry box="[599,667,1886,1912]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion box="[684,740,1886,1912]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Acre</collectingRegion>
and Amazonas States), while 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[1087,1237,1886,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[1087,1237,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the Cerrado Phytogeographic Domain, and only known from 
<collectingRegion box="[783,915,1922,1948]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,2093]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,256]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
Other 
<taxonomicName box="[259,512,1958,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis box="[259,424,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Dichorisandra</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
can be confused with 
<emphasis box="[759,913,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[759,909,1958,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">D. rigidifolia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
such as 
<taxonomicName authority="Grant (2000: 117)" authorityName="Grant" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="2000" box="[1007,1345,1958,1984]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis box="[1007,1137,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. amabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Grant, J. R." box="[1143,1345,1958,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="117 - 123" refId="ref5819" refString="Grant, J. R. (2000) New Mesoamarican Species of Dichorisandra and Tradescantia sect. Mandonia (Commelinaceae). Novon 10: 117 - 123." type="journal article" year="2000">Grant (2000: 117)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, endemic to Central America (
<collectingCountry box="[360,485,1994,2020]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[495,627,1994,2020]" name="El Salvador" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[637,761,1994,2020]" name="Guatemala" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[771,883,1994,2020]" name="Honduras" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Honduras</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[893,1011,1994,2020]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[1021,1113,1995,2021]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Panama</collectingCountry>
, and southern 
<collectingCountry box="[1270,1360,1994,2020]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Mexico</collectingCountry>
), and 
<taxonomicName authority="Macbride (1931: 8)" authorityName="Macbride" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1931" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">D. ulei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Macbride, J. F." box="[184,401,2030,2056]" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref5988" refString="Macbride, J. F. (1931) Spermatophytes, Mostly Peruvian III. Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 11: 1 - 35." type="book chapter" year="1931">Macbride (1931: 8)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from northern South America (
<collectingCountry box="[750,806,2030,2056]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Peru</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[816,911,2030,2056]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[922,1007,2030,2056]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingRegion box="[1063,1117,2030,2056]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Acre</collectingRegion>
in 
<collectingCountry box="[1152,1225,2030,2056]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Brazil</collectingCountry>
), because they share an erect habit, their vegetative parts are usually glabrous, their leaves are uniformly green with asymmetric bases and acuminate apices, and they have erect and terminal inflorescences with basal leaves not differentiated from the others. However, associated with the distributions of the taxa under discussion, the characters listed in the 
<tableCitation box="[1269,1353,194,220]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[137,229,304,328]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Differential characters among Dichorisandra rigidifolia, D. amabilis, and D. ulei." pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Table 1</tableCitation>
serve to differentiate them.
</paragraph>
<caption box="[137,1135,304,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" startId="6.[137,229,304,328]" targetBox="[144,1412,355,1648]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[137,1135,304,328]" box="[137,1135,304,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[137,249,304,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Differential characters among 
<emphasis box="[587,997,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[587,862,304,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">Dichorisandra rigidifolia</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="2000" box="[872,997,304,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabilis">D. amabilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Macbride" authorityYear="1931" box="[1055,1131,304,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">D. ulei</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<table box="[144,1412,355,1648]" gridcols="4" gridrows="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<tr box="[144,1412,355,377]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,355,377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Characters</th>
<th box="[352,731,355,377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[352,478,355,376]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[352,478,355,376]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">D. rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[748,1092,355,377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="2000" box="[748,861,355,376]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amabilis">
<emphasis box="[748,861,355,376]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">D. amabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[1106,1412,355,377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis box="[1106,1172,355,376]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">D. ulei</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,416,474]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,416,474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Stem</th>
<td box="[352,731,416,474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Not striated longitudinally, with 9–23 mm diam. at base</td>
<td box="[748,1092,416,474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">With white longitudinal striations, ca. 4 mm diam. at base</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,416,474]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Not striated longitudinally, diam. 5–8 mm diam. at base</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,524,654]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,524,654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Leaves</th>
<td box="[352,731,524,654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">(5.5–)8–14.1 × (2.6–) 3–5.3 cm, firmly chartaceous, glabrous on both faces or pubescent only at the base on the abaxial face, margins not ciliated</td>
<td box="[748,1092,524,654]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">14.5–17.5 × 4–6 cm, membranaceous, glabrous, shortly ciliate on upper third</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,524,654]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">15–26 × 4–8.5 cm, membranaceous, glabrous, shortly ciliate on upper third</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,707,765]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,707,765]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Phyllotaxy</th>
<td box="[352,731,707,765]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Alternate distichous on lateral branches and spirally on main stem</td>
<td box="[748,1092,707,765]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Alternate distichous on lateral branches and spirally on main stem</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,707,765]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Alternate distichous on main stem and its ramifications</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,811,869]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,811,869]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Bracts of the cincinni</th>
<td box="[352,731,811,869]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">12–15 × 2.1–2.2 mm, lanceolate, persistent</td>
<td box="[748,1092,811,869]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">10–30 × 1–2 mm, linear-lanceolate, caducous</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,811,869]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">1.3–3 × 0.9–1 mm, linear, caducous</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,912,1006]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,912,1006]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Sepals</th>
<td box="[352,731,912,1006]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">11.4–11.6× 4.3–5 mm, oblong, oblong- elliptic, white at the base and pink or lilac from the lower third</td>
<td box="[748,1092,912,1006]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">(5–)9–11× 4–7 mm, ovate, green</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,912,1006]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">6.9–7× 2.9–3 mm, ovate, green</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1049,1143]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1049,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Petals</th>
<td box="[352,731,1049,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Lilac or pink from the lower third</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1049,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Pale blue, lilac, lavender, blue or purple from the lower third, or uniformly white</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1049,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Pale blue from the lower third and along the margins</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1186,1208]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1186,1208]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Filaments length</th>
<td box="[352,731,1186,1208]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">1.2–4 mm long</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1186,1208]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">1–2 mm long</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1186,1208]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">1–2 mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1251,1273]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1251,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Anther thecae</th>
<td box="[352,731,1251,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Lilac or pink</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1251,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Blue</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1251,1273]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Blue</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1316,1410]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1316,1410]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Gynoecium</th>
<td box="[352,731,1316,1410]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Ovary 1.3–1.4 × 2–2.1 mm, styles 6.1–6.2 mm long, stigma subcapitate</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1316,1410]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Ovary 1.5-2 × 1.5mm, styles 2.5–6 mm long, stigma capitate and slightly 3-lobed</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1316,1410]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">ovary 1–2 × 1–2 mm, styles 4–4.5 mm long, stigma capitate and 3-lobed</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1453,1547]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1453,1547]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Capsules</th>
<td box="[352,731,1453,1547]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Globose, 3-faceted at the apex and completely blackish in pre-dehiscence and when mature</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1453,1547]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Globose, widely ellipsoid or obovoid, green with purplish spots</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1453,1547]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Obovoid or globose, light green in pre-dehiscence and bluepurple when mature</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1412,1590,1648]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<th box="[144,304,1590,1648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Seeds</th>
<td box="[352,731,1590,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">3–4.2 × 3.5–4.8 mm, ovoid, testa scrobiculate</td>
<td box="[748,1092,1590,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">3.5–5 × 2.9–3 mm, ovoid or ellipsoid, testa rugose</td>
<td box="[1106,1412,1590,1648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">3–4.2 × 3.5–4.8 mm, ovoid, testa scrobiculate</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1452,1709,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
Finally, according to 
<bibRefCitation author="Aona, L. Y. S. &amp; Amaral, M. C. E." box="[424,686,1709,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" pagination="2020" refId="ref4936" refString="Aona, L. Y. S. &amp; Amaral, M. C. E. (2020) Dichorisandra. In: Flora do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / reflora / floradobrasil / FB 6924 (Accessed 27 January 2022)" type="book chapter" year="2020">Aona &amp; Amaral (2020)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1902" baseAuthorityName="Aublet" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[696,974,1709,1735]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hexandra">
<emphasis box="[696,974,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Dichorisandra hexandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis box="[987,1137,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1881" box="[987,1133,1709,1735]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perforans">D. perforans</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martius ex Schultes f. (1830:" authorityYear="1186" box="[1190,1339,1709,1735]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
<emphasis box="[1190,1339,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">D. pubescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in 
<collectingRegion box="[164,296,1745,1771]" country="Brazil" name="Goias" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Goiás State</collectingRegion>
. The former species, however, is an herb, usually scandent, with a delicate glabrous or glabrescent stem, leaves generally symmetrical and membranaceous, and flowers with blue petals and pollen sacs, and (usually) green sepals; the second has inflorescences generally emerging from the sheath near the base of the stem; the latter species has a tomentose stem, up to 
<quantity box="[454,524,1853,1880]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
tall, with pendulous terminal branches, bifacial, and indumented on both surfaces, and flowers with petals and pollen sacs blue, and indumented sepals. Those characters, as mentioned above, are not seen in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. J. Silva &amp; Aona" authorityYear="2022" box="[222,370,1925,1951]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Dichorisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidifolia">
<emphasis box="[222,370,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">D. rigidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>