447 lines
56 KiB
XML
447 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="FA363697A662D0C81EFB86FDED9A7E79" ID-CLB-Dataset="263640" ID-DOI="10.1590/S1984-4689.v38.e21004" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2110c891-6bf1-4f68-b801-1f2751ff2550" ID-ISSN="1984-4689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229415" ID-ZooBank="488A6108-C58C-4C52-9555-6672E65DA862" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1691524508555" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Echeverry, Angela, Souza, Diego de S. & Marinoni, Luciane" docDate="2021" docId="03D88789B354710720039BCEFD9EF349" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoologia.38.e21004.pdf" docOrigin="Zoologia (e 21004) 38" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v38.e21004" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0.1:Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0" docStyleName="Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Quichuana pogonosa Fluke 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFE1FFF1B356710021099F6AFFE0F110" masterDocTitle="Description of the immature stages, biology and DNA-barcoding of Quichuana pogonosa (Diptera: Syrphidae) collected in Bromeliaceae in Paraná, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1691593199883" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B84346D0669B37A3B5D036CD4CBE73A3">
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<mods:title id="8CBDE3CB02145465D4ABF80B4EA741ED">Description of the immature stages, biology and DNA-barcoding of Quichuana pogonosa (Diptera: Syrphidae) collected in Bromeliaceae in Paraná, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2150F9A92C1D2BFE6622A2D9B9575408" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1DBE9DCD91CFEE15A1E0BF6842EEB068">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="580DC2202EDFBD03A7BBC93F9D0F7A15">Echeverry, Angela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="46346129D6523C77BFECA777C4BBDB0F">Laboratório de Estudos em Diversidade de Insetos da Região Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="ABE12E43BAA31C161E70E04B3037A9FC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="73ACAD05BA9735CB8DD215B76F7BC3EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7835128290ED81972873FBA5D353FC56">Souza, Diego de S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="611DB3228A118913932B408A5E4E0558">Laboratório de Estudos em Diversidade de Insetos da Região Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, & Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Quinta da Boa Vista,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="01FF1DD6FAD0E8717C8B9B0D29F1D967" type="email">angela.mariae@hotmail</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EFD7BA218F97D593BE8FAA31B5DD6432">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4E99D37FB026D9E2BEF9AF874BE1CA0F">Marinoni, Luciane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB16D964DA37477C08FE6E3B377A05AE">Laboratório de Estudos em Diversidade de Insetos da Região Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="49240E839040DC0DA02D5D60687917E0">Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BF27CDC5E12EC4DF328E813FB1060050">
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<mods:date id="4EA980D520F3D80AD8EAB36F698D7529">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="64196FFC91AECE3D53EA4ABC0BCA84B3">e 21004</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="F4500FEDCA6A9862791FF012CA6B983A">2021-09-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="78ECBCC4BAC3D97D6F8569AB9F31BAD2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2CA6A1BC0B3517481B271886BC87F6AC">38</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7DA2336DAC74D622EED017FAE4B01813">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="B1CD317D12ABBD68674CFC610BBB09E4" type="DOI">10.1590/S1984-4689.v38.e21004</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9AF06760EA258EC1D5A31510C5D9C04F" type="GBIF-Dataset">2110c891-6bf1-4f68-b801-1f2751ff2550</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="320DD623680C6EF83A42A39E82B2DBDE" type="ISSN">1984-4689</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BBA95B26FD504923B3D9028C4A1DAAEE" type="Zenodo-Dep">8229415</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D88789B354710720039BCEFD9EF349" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229417" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229417" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D88789B354710720039BCEFD9EF349" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D88789B354710720039BCEFD9EF349" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<subSubSection id="C36B6514B354710220039BCEFD7FF5AF" box="[266,671,1188,1215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710220039BCEFD7FF5AF" blockId="2.[266,671,1188,1215]" box="[266,671,1188,1215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08681F3B354710220039BCEFD7FF5AF" box="[266,671,1188,1215]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB354710220039BCEFD7FF5AF" ID-CoL="4R6NY" ID-ENA="2848221" authority="Fluke, 1937" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[266,671,1188,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
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<emphasis id="B905EA8DB354710220039BCEFDE7F5AF" box="[266,519,1188,1215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB354710223069BCEFD7FF5AF" author="Fluke CL & Plaumann F" box="[527,671,1188,1215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref5308" refString="Fluke CL, Plaumann F (1937) New South American Syrphidae (Diptera). American Museum Novitates 941: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1937">Fluke, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36B6514B354710721969BA4FD9EF349" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710221969BA4FDDAF43F" blockId="2.[159,782,1230,1480]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B354710221969BA4FD6FF5F2" box="[159,655,1230,1250]" country="Brazil" location="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Catarina" typeStatus="holotype">
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Type locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F366760FB3547102202D9BA4FEBAF5F2" box="[292,346,1230,1250]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B5F87DB3547102206D9BA4FE13F5F2" box="[356,499,1230,1250]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
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, Nova Teutônia.
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</materialsCitation>
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Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="F366760FB354710221B49B8DFEFFF5EB" box="[189,287,1255,1275]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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, Brazil.
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<typeStatus id="54CA883DB3547102206A9B8DFE59F5EB" box="[355,441,1255,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male,
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<location id="8EAE6044B354710220FE9B8DFEE0F405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D88789B354710720039BCEFD9EF349:8EAE6044B354710220FE9B8DFEE0F405" country="Brazil" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="Santa Catarina">American Museum of Natural History</location>
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, New York. Type locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F366760FB354710220F79A6BFDD4F405" box="[510,564,1281,1301]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B5F87DB354710223379A6BFD2EF405" box="[574,718,1281,1301]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
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, Nova Teutônia. Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="F366760FB3547102209F9A71FE18F43F" box="[406,504,1307,1327]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F366760FB354710223099A71FDD6F43F" box="[512,566,1307,1327]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710221969A5EFDAEF4D8" blockId="2.[159,782,1230,1480]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB354710221969A5EFE4BF458" author="Fluke CL & Plaumann F" box="[159,427,1332,1352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref5308" refString="Fluke CL, Plaumann F (1937) New South American Syrphidae (Diptera). American Museum Novitates 941: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1937">Fluke and Plaumann 1937: 5</bibRefCitation>
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(fig. 14, head of female); 11 (original descriptions);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB3547102204B9A24FE5AF472" author="Hull FM" box="[322,442,1358,1378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref5419" refString="Hull FM (1946) The genus Quichuana Knab. American Museum Novitates 1317: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="1946">Hull 1946: 2</bibRefCitation>
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(key to species); 15 (fig. 8, face of female
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<typeStatus id="54CA883DB3547102200E9A0DFE80F46B" box="[263,352,1383,1403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">paratype</typeStatus>
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);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB354710220799A0DFDA5F46B" author="Thompson FC" box="[368,581,1383,1403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="78 - 215" refId="ref6707" refString="Thompson FC (1972) A Contribution to a generic revision of the neotropical Milesinae (Diptera: Syrphidae). Arquivos de Zoologia 23: 78 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Thompson 1972: 135</bibRefCitation>
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(fig. 50, male genitalia);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB354710221F39AEBFDF7F485" author="Morales MN & Kohler A" box="[250,535,1409,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="41 - 49" refId="ref5696" refString="Morales MN, Kohler A (2008) Comunidade de Syrphidae (Diptera): diversidade e preferencias florais no Cinturao Verde (Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (1): 41 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262008000100008" type="journal article" year="2008">Morales and Köhler 2008: 44</bibRefCitation>
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(list), 46 (list);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE04B6EB354710223B99AEBFED6F4BF" author="Ricarte A & Marcos-Garcia MA & Hancock EG & Rotheray GE" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="72 - 131" refId="ref6219" refString="Ricarte A, Marcos-Garcia MA, Hancock EG, Rotheray GE (2012) Revision of the New World genus Quichuana Knab, 1913 (Diptera: Syrphidae), including descriptions of 24 new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166 (1): 72 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00842. x" type="journal article" year="2012">Ricarte et al. 2012:102</bibRefCitation>
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(fig. 55, right antennae, lateral inner view), 108 (diagnostic features), 125 (key to species).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710221969A8FFEECF4E9" blockId="2.[159,268,1509,1529]" box="[159,268,1509,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Egg (
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<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB354710221C69A8FFEE3F4E9" box="[207,259,1509,1529]" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,216,1528,1548]" captionTargetBox="[226,1310,201,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[308,1273,197,1516]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–6. Quichuana pogonosa: (1) egg; (2) habitus of third instar larva, lateral view (DZUP 690903); (3) third instar larva, ventral view (DZUP 690903); (4) cephalopharyngeal skeleton of third instar larva, lateral view; (5) third instar larva, dorsal view (DZUP 690903); (6) map of the chaetotaxy of the third instar larva in lateral view showing the position of the sensillae. (a1, a7, a8) abdominal segments a2–a6 are suppressed from the figure for clarity; (a) anus; (am) antennomaxillary organs; a pr, abdominal prolegs; (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (c) cibarium; (cs) chorionic surface; (d) dorsal; (dc) dorsal cornu; (db) dorsal bridge; (ep) epipharyngeal plate; (l) lateral; (lb) labial bridge, (lbr) labrum; (lg) longitudinal grooves; (lr) labial rods; (ll) lateral lip; (lp t) lappets; (m) mouthparts; (mi) mandibular lobes; (m pr) mesothoracic proleg; (ms) mesothorax; (mt) metathorax; (od) optical depression; (op) operculum; (p) prothorax; (v) ventral; (va) ventral arm; (vc) ventral cornu; (vl) ventrolateral; (vp) vertical plate; (w) primordia of pupal spiracles; (wl) line of weakness after puparia formation bounding the operculum. Scale bars: 1, 4 = 0.5 mm, 2 = 5 mm, 3, 5 = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229419/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710221D29960FDCFF785" blockId="2.[157,780,1546,1775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Length: 0.94 ±
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<quantity id="4C899B7AB3547102207B9960FE2EF70E" box="[370,462,1546,1566]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
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; width: 0.51 ±
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<quantity id="4C899B7AB3547102236B9960FD5CF70E" box="[610,700,1546,1566]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
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(n = 2). White colour, oval in shape, twice as long as wide. Opercular region flatten. Chorionic surface with microsculpture made up of longitudinal rectangular units evenly distributed throughout the egg. Operculum as a truncated cone.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710221D299CAFE98F7FE" blockId="2.[157,780,1546,1775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Examined material. Site 1: 10 exemplars (two unhatched eggs and 8 shells from hatched eggs; all deposited together under
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<collectionCode id="ED60AE5AB354710221E999B6FEFAF7FF" box="[224,282,1756,1775]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
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690901).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222399FACFC23F1CA" blockId="2.[816,963,198,218]" box="[816,963,198,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">First instar larva</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222649F81FB83F02A" blockId="2.[816,1436,235,315]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Length: 2.63 ±
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<quantity id="4C899B7AB3547102250A9F86FBBFF1EF" box="[1027,1119,236,255]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
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; width: 0.83 ±
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<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710225FB9F81FAABF1EF" box="[1266,1355,235,255]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
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(n = 3). Examined material. Site 1: 3 exemplars (all deposited together under
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<collectionCode id="ED60AE5AB354710222C29E42FBE5F02B" box="[971,1029,296,315]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
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690902).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222399E3DFBD1F07B" blockId="2.[816,1073,343,363]" box="[816,1073,343,363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Third instar larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB354710222D09E3DFBCBF07B" box="[985,1067,343,363]" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,216,1528,1548]" captionTargetBox="[226,1310,201,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[308,1273,197,1516]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–6. Quichuana pogonosa: (1) egg; (2) habitus of third instar larva, lateral view (DZUP 690903); (3) third instar larva, ventral view (DZUP 690903); (4) cephalopharyngeal skeleton of third instar larva, lateral view; (5) third instar larva, dorsal view (DZUP 690903); (6) map of the chaetotaxy of the third instar larva in lateral view showing the position of the sensillae. (a1, a7, a8) abdominal segments a2–a6 are suppressed from the figure for clarity; (a) anus; (am) antennomaxillary organs; a pr, abdominal prolegs; (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (c) cibarium; (cs) chorionic surface; (d) dorsal; (dc) dorsal cornu; (db) dorsal bridge; (ep) epipharyngeal plate; (l) lateral; (lb) labial bridge, (lbr) labrum; (lg) longitudinal grooves; (lr) labial rods; (ll) lateral lip; (lp t) lappets; (m) mouthparts; (mi) mandibular lobes; (m pr) mesothoracic proleg; (ms) mesothorax; (mt) metathorax; (od) optical depression; (op) operculum; (p) prothorax; (v) ventral; (va) ventral arm; (vc) ventral cornu; (vl) ventrolateral; (vp) vertical plate; (w) primordia of pupal spiracles; (wl) line of weakness after puparia formation bounding the operculum. Scale bars: 1, 4 = 0.5 mm, 2 = 5 mm, 3, 5 = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229419/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 2–6</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222649E16FB17F336" blockId="2.[814,1439,380,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Length: 11.50 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710225079E17FB8AF080" box="[1038,1130,381,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.58">0.58 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width 4.0 mm (n = 3). Overall appearance: long-tailed, sub-cylindrical in cross-section with flattened ventral surface; truncate anteriorly, tapering posteriorly to anus. Cuticle transparent when alive; beige to dark-brown after fixation; covered with tiny spicules directed backwards and beige-colored at base and dark-brown at apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222649D5AFA7CF222" blockId="2.[814,1439,380,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head. Mouthparts internal: base of papilla with pair of fleshy projections; apex of each projection with well-developed antennomaxillary organ divided at base. Cephalopharingeal head skeleton: mandibles and mandibular lobes internal. Cibarial camera located in the ventral cornu, with six transverse branched ridges. Ventral cornu elongate. Dorsal cornu triangular, shorter than ventral cornu, attached to dorsal bridge.Dorsal bridge joining the two dorsal cornua.Vertical plate sclerotized.Mandibular lobes ovoid at base, coupled with mandibles.Labrum slightly sclerotized.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222649C57FA99F47A" blockId="2.[814,1439,380,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Thorax. Dorsal surface of prothorax with four longitudinal grooves, dorso-apical margin curving down towards front of head, with sclerotized hooked spicules directed backwards. Opercular suture as a line on dorsolateral margin, from prothorax to abdominal segment 1. Dorso-lateral surface with a pair of brown and shiny spiracles; length: 0.81 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710225CE9CB8FAC2F2F6" box="[1223,1314,978,998]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width:
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710224799CB8FCBAF513" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
; distance between spiracles: 1.36 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710225A49C9AFAE8F513" box="[1197,1288,1008,1027]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
; slightly acuminate, curved tips and crenate at margin; retractile into inverted integumental pockets; with 12 to 14 facets at apex surrounding about half the circumference. Lateral lips well-developed, apex triangular with conical hooks, inner margin with six long setae with forked apex; base enlarged with conical hooks; inner margin covered with very fine pubescence, as a first filter anterior to oral cavity. Dorsal lip with a tuft of long unpigmented setae, situated below antennomaxillary organs; ventral lip not clearly visible. Ventral surface with well-developed prolegs bearing 16–18 crochets arranged in two semicircular rows, crochets on first row long, crochets on second row about half the length of crochets on first row. Several rows of spicules ventral to second row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB354710222649A1EFABBF785" blockId="2.[814,1439,380,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Abdomen. Segment 1 with primordia of pupal spiracles as two circular patches with weak pubescence (see w in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB354710224569AF8FCDFF4D3" captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="3.[151,216,1528,1548]" captionTargetBox="[226,1310,201,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[308,1273,197,1516]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–6. Quichuana pogonosa: (1) egg; (2) habitus of third instar larva, lateral view (DZUP 690903); (3) third instar larva, ventral view (DZUP 690903); (4) cephalopharyngeal skeleton of third instar larva, lateral view; (5) third instar larva, dorsal view (DZUP 690903); (6) map of the chaetotaxy of the third instar larva in lateral view showing the position of the sensillae. (a1, a7, a8) abdominal segments a2–a6 are suppressed from the figure for clarity; (a) anus; (am) antennomaxillary organs; a pr, abdominal prolegs; (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (c) cibarium; (cs) chorionic surface; (d) dorsal; (dc) dorsal cornu; (db) dorsal bridge; (ep) epipharyngeal plate; (l) lateral; (lb) labial bridge, (lbr) labrum; (lg) longitudinal grooves; (lr) labial rods; (ll) lateral lip; (lp t) lappets; (m) mouthparts; (mi) mandibular lobes; (m pr) mesothoracic proleg; (ms) mesothorax; (mt) metathorax; (od) optical depression; (op) operculum; (p) prothorax; (v) ventral; (va) ventral arm; (vc) ventral cornu; (vl) ventrolateral; (vp) vertical plate; (w) primordia of pupal spiracles; (wl) line of weakness after puparia formation bounding the operculum. Scale bars: 1, 4 = 0.5 mm, 2 = 5 mm, 3, 5 = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229419/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Segments 1–6 with well-developed conic prolegs; with two semicircular lines bearing 16–18 crochets each, directed posteriorly; prolegs of segment 6 with large crochets directed anteriorly. Segment 8 length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710222E19960FBADF70D" box="[1000,1101,1546,1565]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.383" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="13.83">13.83 mm</quantity>
|
||
±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB3547102256F9960FB21F70D" box="[1126,1217,1546,1565]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.61" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="7.61">7.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width at base:
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710224539960FA77F70D" box="[1370,1431,1546,1565]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width at apex:
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB354710222B59942FC18F72B" box="[956,1016,1576,1595]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Posterior respiratory process with four pairs of weakly developed lappets with one sensilla on each one; light brown, ringed at base; apical spiracular disc with two apertures surrounded by eight long plumose interspiracular setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3547104226499F5FCE5F09D" blockId="2.[814,1439,380,1774]" lastBlockId="4.[157,781,198,456]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chaetotaxy. Prothorax with four pairs of dorsal sensilla, one pair of lateral and one pair ventrolateral on lateral lips. Mesothorax with three pairs of dorsal sensilla, one pair lateral and one pair ventrolateral very close to proleg. Metathorax with four pairs of dorsal sensilla, one pair lateral, one pair ventrolateral and one pair ventral. Abdominal segments 1–6 with four pairs of dorsal sensilla, two pairs lateral, one pair ventrolateral and one pair posterior to each proleg. Abdominal segment 8 with two pairs of dorsal sensilla, two pairs lateral and one pair ventrolateral. Ventrally, with long setae on ventrolateral margins and posterior to anus.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0E6617B3557103219E9A92FD02F7EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229419" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229419/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[151,216,1528,1548]" targetBox="[226,1310,201,1516]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3557103219E9A92FD02F7EB" blockId="3.[150,1429,1528,1787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Figures 1–6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB355710320069A92FE2DF71C" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[271,461,1528,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB355710320069A92FE2DF71C" box="[271,461,1528,1548]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) egg; (2) habitus of third instar larva, lateral view (DZUP 690903); (3) third instar larva, ventral view (DZUP 690903); (4) cephalopharyngeal skeleton of third instar larva, lateral view; (5) third instar larva, dorsal view (DZUP 690903); (6) map of the chaetotaxy of the third instar larva in lateral view showing the position of the sensillae. (a1, a7, a8) abdominal segments a2–a6 are suppressed from the figure for clarity; (a) anus; (am) antennomaxillary organs; a pr, abdominal prolegs; (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (c) cibarium; (cs) chorionic surface; (d) dorsal; (dc) dorsal cornu; (db) dorsal bridge; (ep) epipharyngeal plate; (l) lateral; (lb) labial bridge, (lbr) labrum; (lg) longitudinal grooves; (lr) labial rods; (ll) lateral lip; (lp t) lappets; (m) mouthparts; (mi) mandibular lobes; (m pr) mesothoracic proleg; (ms) mesothorax; (mt) metathorax; (od) optical depression; (op) operculum; (p) prothorax; (v) ventral; (va) ventral arm; (vc) ventral cornu; (vl) ventrolateral; (vp) vertical plate; (w) primordia of pupal spiracles; (wl) line of weakness after puparia formation bounding the operculum. Scale bars: 1, 4 = 0.5 mm, 2 = 5 mm, 3, 5 = 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710421D29EFDFE2DF0D8" blockId="4.[157,781,198,456]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Examined material. Site 1: 3 exemplars (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED60AE5AB3527104237E9EFDFD53F0BA" box="[631,691,407,426]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
690903,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED60AE5AB352710421969EDFFF39F0D8" box="[159,217,437,456]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
690904,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED60AE5AB3527104203C9EDFFE8FF0D8" box="[309,367,437,456]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="University or college">DZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
690905).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710421969E8FFE89F0E9" blockId="4.[159,361,485,505]" box="[159,361,485,505]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Puparium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB3527104200C9E8FFE82F0E9" box="[261,354,485,505]" captionStart="Figures 7–10" captionStartId="4.[159,226,1705,1725]" captionTargetBox="[186,1413,702,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-301@4.[181,1415,700,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 7–10. Quichuana pogonosa: (7) pupa, dorsal view (DZUP 690906); (8) pupa, ventral view (DZUP 690906); (9) operculum (DZUP 690914); (10) puparium, dorsal view (DZUP 690914). (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (a pr) abdominal prolegs; (ap) anal papillae; (ce) cephalopharyngeal skeleton; (op) operculum; (sp p) pupal spiracles. Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229423/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 7–10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710421D29D60FE7EF385" blockId="4.[158,779,522,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Length: 7,18 ± 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB352710420759D61FE2AF30E" box="[380,458,523,542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width: 4.40 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB352710423539D61FD52F30E" box="[602,690,523,542]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.62">0.62 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 12). Subcylindrical in cross-section; truncated anteriorly; tapered posteriorly, flattened ventrally. Integument brown, weakly rough, with transverse folds and wrinkles exhibiting larval mouth, prolegs and anal papillae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710422649FACFB41F040" blockId="4.[815,1437,198,366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Pupal spiracles. Length: 1.41 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB352710425A29FACFAE9F1C9" box="[1195,1289,198,217]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.19">0.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width: 0.24 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB352710422399F8EFC69F1E7" box="[816,905,228,247]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
|
||
; distance between each respiratory process: 1.29 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C899B7AB3527104247B9F8EFCBAF005" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.36">0.36 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Subcylindrical, projecting towards center of operculum, black, slightly curved at apex, apical surface bearing irregularly spaced and circular-shaped tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710422649E31FA7DF07E" blockId="4.[815,1437,198,366]" box="[877,1437,347,366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Examined material. See examined material under ‘Adults’.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710422399EE1FC06F08F" blockId="4.[816,998,395,415]" box="[816,998,395,415]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Adults (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB3527104227F9EE1FC00F08F" box="[886,992,395,415]" captionStart="Figures 11–14" captionStartId="5.[151,218,1205,1225]" captionTargetBox="[173,1406,197,1192]" captionTargetId="figure-295@5.[166,1413,197,1195]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 11–14. Quichuana pogonosa, male (DZUP 690906): (11) habitus dorsal; (12) habitus lateral; (13) genitalia, ventral view; (14) genitalia lateral view. (aed lb) aedeagal lobe, (cerc) cercus, (epand) epandrium, (hypd) hypandrium, (phapod) phallodeme, (sur) surstylus. Scale bars: 11, 12 = 2 mm, 13, 14 = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229425/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 11–14</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710422649EDBFA91F34A" blockId="4.[815,1437,433,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male genitalia. Surstylus elongate, curved, with truncate apex; ventral and dorsal surfaces with long dark brown bristles near apex; basal surface with short and spaced dark brown bristles. Cercus triangular bearing setulae. Hypandrium piriform; apex with a pair of hook-like projections. Epandrium elongated, about four times as long as wide. Aedeagal lobe triangular.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB352710522649D0EFE4BF76D" blockId="4.[815,1437,433,662]" lastBlockId="5.[150,771,1343,1661]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Examined material. Site 1:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B352710425809D0EFBDAF385" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="DZUP 690907" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B352710425809D0EFB02F367" box="[1161,1250,612,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(collected in oviposition) (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B352710422949DE8FBD3F385" box="[925,1075,642,661]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="University or college">DZUP 690907</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B3527105254E9DE8FEA5F442" collectingDate="2020-12-15" collectionCode="DZUP" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="DZUP 690908" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3527104254E9DE8FB44F385" box="[1095,1188,642,661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB352710424209DE8FA7CF385" box="[1321,1436,642,661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2020-12-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B352710424209DE8FA7CF385" box="[1321,1436,642,661]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2020-12-15">15.xii.2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710521979A55FEDEF442" box="[158,318,1343,1362]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690908</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B3537105205C9A55FF0FF460" collectingDate="2020-12-15" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690909" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3537105205C9A55FE44F442" box="[341,420,1343,1362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB3537105233C9A55FD50F442" box="[565,688,1343,1362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2020-12-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B3537105233C9A55FD50F442" box="[565,688,1343,1362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2020-12-15">15.xii.2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710523CB9A55FF08F460" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690909</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710521F49A37FEDDF49E" collectingDate="2021-01-04" collectingDateMax="2021-01-15" collectingDateMin="2021-01-04" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690910" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710521F49A37FEA9F460" box="[253,329,1373,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710520C89A37FDF8F460" box="[449,536,1373,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710520C89A37FDF8F460" box="[449,536,1373,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-04">4.i.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710523A89A37FCE2F460" box="[673,770,1373,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710523A89A37FCE2F460" box="[673,770,1373,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-15">15.i.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710521949A11FED6F49E" box="[157,310,1403,1422]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690910</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710520429A11FE43F4BC" collectingDate="2021-01-22" collectingDateMax="2021-02-02" collectingDateMin="2021-01-22" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690911" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710520429A11FE4AF49E" box="[331,426,1403,1422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB3537105232B9A11FD66F49E" box="[546,646,1403,1422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B3537105232B9A11FD66F49E" box="[546,646,1403,1422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-01-22">22.i.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB3537105219E9AF3FF13F4BC" box="[151,243,1433,1452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B3537105219E9AF3FF13F4BC" box="[151,243,1433,1452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-02">2.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B3537105200A9AF3FE7CF4BC" box="[259,412,1433,1452]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690911</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710520BB9AF3FDC9F4DA" collectingDate="2021-02-04" collectingDateMax="2021-02-15" collectingDateMin="2021-02-04" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690912" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710520BB9AF3FDF0F4BC" box="[434,528,1433,1452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710523809AF3FD1EF4BC" box="[649,766,1433,1452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-04" valueMax="2021-02-05" valueMin="2021-02-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710523809AF3FD1EF4BC" box="[649,766,1433,1452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-04" valueMax="2021-02-05" valueMin="2021-02-04">4–5.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710520189ADDFE99F4DA" box="[273,377,1463,1482]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710520189ADDFE99F4DA" box="[273,377,1463,1482]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-15">15.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710520809ADDFDC2F4DA" box="[393,546,1463,1482]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690912</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B3537105233E9ADDFD73F4F7" collectingDate="2021-02-08" collectingDateMax="2021-02-18" collectingDateMin="2021-02-08" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690913" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3537105233E9ADDFD76F4DA" box="[567,662,1463,1482]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB3537105219E9ABEFF14F4F7" box="[151,244,1492,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B3537105219E9ABEFF14F4F7" box="[151,244,1492,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-08">8.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710520759ABEFE03F4F7" box="[380,483,1492,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710520759ABEFE03F4F7" box="[380,483,1492,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-18">18.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710520FD9ABFFD6CF4F7" box="[500,652,1492,1512]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690913</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710523A89ABFFD1FF715" collectingDate="2021-02-19" collectingDateMax="2021-03-03" collectingDateMin="2021-02-19" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690914" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710523A89ABFFD1FF4F7" box="[673,767,1492,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710521F69A98FE89F715" box="[255,361,1522,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710521F69A98FE89F715" box="[255,361,1522,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-19">19.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710520E69A98FDB1F715" box="[495,593,1522,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-03-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710520E69A98FDB1F715" box="[495,593,1522,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-03-03">3.iii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710523689A99FD18F715" box="[609,760,1522,1542]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690914</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B3537105219E997AFF0DF751" collectingDate="2021-02-19" collectingDateMax="2021-03-03" collectingDateMin="2021-02-19" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690915" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3537105219E997AFF03F733" box="[151,227,1552,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB35371052055997AFE27F733" box="[348,455,1552,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B35371052055997AFE27F733" box="[348,455,1552,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-02-19">19.ii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB35371052358997AFD55F733" box="[593,693,1552,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-03-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B35371052358997AFD55F733" box="[593,693,1552,1571]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-03-03">3.iii.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710523CC997AFF05F751" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690915</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710521F09944FD51F751" box="[249,689,1582,1601]" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690916, DZUP 690917" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710521F09944FEBBF751" box="[249,347,1582,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710520609944FE1CF751" box="[361,508,1582,1601]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690916</specimenCode>
|
||
), (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B3537105231F9944FD49F751" box="[534,681,1582,1601]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690917</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710523B49944FED4F74F" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690918" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710523B49944FCE3F751" box="[701,771,1582,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710521949926FECDF74F" box="[157,301,1612,1631]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690918</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; Site 2:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B193CC2B353710520779926FE47F76D" collectingDate="2021-09-08" collectingDateMax="2021-09-22" collectingDateMin="2021-09-08" collectionCode="DZUP" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" specimenCode="DZUP 690906" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B353710520779926FE22F74F" box="[382,450,1612,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, pupation
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB353710523249926FD6EF74F" box="[557,654,1612,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-09-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B353710523249926FD6EF74F" box="[557,654,1612,1631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-09-08">8.ix.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, emergence
|
||
<date id="FFCF105FB3537105219F9900FEE1F76D" box="[150,257,1642,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-09-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8BE9B7B3537105219F9900FEE1F76D" box="[150,257,1642,1661]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2021-09-22">22.ix.2021</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD79EE4B353710520079900FE40F76D" box="[270,416,1642,1661]" collectionCode="DZUP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5xp9-edpx" name="Universidade Federal do Parana, Colecao de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="University or college">DZUP 690906</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0E6617B3527104219699C3FC2FF7E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229423" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229423/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[159,226,1705,1725]" targetBox="[186,1413,702,1690]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3527104219699C3FC2FF7E8" blockId="4.[158,1437,1705,1784]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Figures 7–10.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB3527104202B99C3FE03F7AD" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[290,483,1705,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB3527104202B99C3FE03F7AD" box="[290,483,1705,1725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (7) pupa, dorsal view (DZUP 690906); (8) pupa, ventral view (DZUP 690906); (9) operculum (DZUP 690914); (10) puparium, dorsal view (DZUP 690914). (a sp l) anterior spiracles larval; (a pr) abdominal prolegs; (ap) anal papillae; (ce) cephalopharyngeal skeleton; (op) operculum; (sp p) pupal spiracles. Scale bars: 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0E6617B3537105219E9BDFFDD0F415" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229425" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229425/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[151,218,1205,1225]" targetBox="[173,1406,197,1192]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3537105219E9BDFFDD0F415" blockId="5.[151,1430,1205,1285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Figures 11–14.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB3537105202E9BDFFE08F5D9" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[295,488,1205,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB3537105202E9BDFFE08F5D9" box="[295,488,1205,1225]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (DZUP 690906): (11) habitus dorsal; (12) habitus lateral; (13) genitalia, ventral view; (14) genitalia lateral view. (aed lb) aedeagal lobe, (cerc) cercus, (epand) epandrium, (hypd) hypandrium, (phapod) phallodeme, (sur) surstylus. Scale bars: 11, 12 = 2 mm, 13, 14 = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3537105219E99F0FE99F7BE" blockId="5.[151,377,1690,1710]" box="[151,377,1690,1710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Life history (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134A2A1AB3537105200199F0FE93F7BE" box="[264,371,1690,1710]" captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1728,1748]" captionTargetBox="[293,1304,197,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-33@6.[290,1304,197,1716]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 15–20. Quichuana pogonosa: (15) egg; (16) first instar larvae next to shells; (17–18) habitus of third instar larvae; (19) pupae aggregation; (20) puparia of Quichuana pogonosa (left) and Eristalis sp. (right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229427/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 15–20</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB353710521DD99AEFBADF4BC" blockId="5.[151,771,1731,1781]" lastBlockId="5.[807,1431,1343,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
A female was observed in situ ovipositing on the water surface of the phytotelmata of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB353710520C8998BFD65F7E4" box="[449,645,1761,1780]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Alcantarea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="imperialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB353710520C8998BFD65F7E4" box="[449,645,1761,1780]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alcantarea imperialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the same plant there were other long-tailed larvae at different stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB353710522239A37FC6FF460" authorityName="Knab" authorityYear="1913" box="[810,911,1373,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB353710522239A37FC6FF460" box="[810,911,1373,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Quichuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB353710522949A37FB60F460" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[925,1152,1373,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Eristalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB353710522949A37FC08F460" box="[925,1000,1373,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eristalis</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille, 1804
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB353710525B39A34FA73F460" authority="Rondani, 1857" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1857" box="[1210,1427,1373,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Lejops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB353710525B39A34FB14F460" box="[1210,1268,1374,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lejops</emphasis>
|
||
Rondani, 1857
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pupae and puparia of different species were also observed together attached to dry leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3537105226C9ADDFB38F7E4" blockId="5.[807,1431,1343,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">At the laboratory, the collected eggs hatched 56 hours after they were laid. The newly hatched larvae feed on their eggshell. First and second instar larvae were observed feeding on small invertebrates, zooplankton and organic matter in the water column. The third instar larvae were observed feeding on organic matter down the bottom of the container. When at rest, the larvae remained hidden at the bottom of the tank, between the sediment and the leaves, using their prolegs to adhere to the leaves. The posterior respiratory process remained extended with the spiracular disc in contact with the water surface, allowing them to breathe and feed at the same time.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0E6617B3507106219699AAFC62F7E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8229427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8229427/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[159,226,1728,1748]" targetBox="[293,1304,197,1716]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3507106219699AAFC62F7E2" blockId="6.[159,1436,1728,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figures 15–20.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB3507106203D99AAFE15F7C4" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[308,501,1728,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB3507106203D99AAFE15F7C4" box="[308,501,1728,1748]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (15) egg; (16) first instar larvae next to shells; (17–18) habitus of third instar larvae; (19) pupae aggregation; (20) puparia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB350710620BB99B4FD93F7E2" authorityName="Fluke" authorityYear="1937" box="[434,627,1758,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Quichuana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pogonosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB350710620BB99B4FD93F7E2" box="[434,627,1758,1778]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Quichuana pogonosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(left) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C714D1CB350710623DC99B7FCDAF7E2" box="[725,826,1757,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Eristalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B905EA8DB350710623DC99B7FCF8F7E1" box="[725,792,1757,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eristalis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(right).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB351710721DD9FACFDB5F041" blockId="7.[149,771,198,337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">It took the larvae 61–62 days to complete their development. When the third instar larvae were ready to pupate, they migrated to the dry leaves. The pupae adhered to the leaves using their anal papillae. The pupal spiracles appeared 24 hours after pupation. The pupal stage lasted 11–13 days.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB3517107219E9E07FECBF091" blockId="7.[151,299,365,385]" box="[151,299,365,385]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">DNA-barcoding</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCE369FB351710721DD9EFEFD9EF349" blockId="7.[149,772,403,601]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
In order to facilitate the identification of immature stages,sequences of the barcoding region (cox1; 658 bp) were generated for
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3517107219C9EA5FF16F0F2" box="[149,246,463,482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="larva">two larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D77FD16B3517107202B9EA5FE9BF0F2" box="[290,379,463,482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="adult">two adult</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens.The sequences were deposited on GenBank under the following accession numbers: MZ389870 and MZ389871 (larvae), MZ389868 and MZ389869 (adults).Intraspecific variation among these sequences ranged from 0 to 0.046% for both p-distances and K2P estimations (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F30324B351710723229D2CFD92F349" box="[555,626,582,601]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="7.[151,201,650,670]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 2. Pairwise distance between cox1 sequences of Quichuana pogonosa. K2P distances, diagonal superior; p-distances, diagonal inferior." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E6617B3517107219E9DE0FF01F3CA" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" tableUuid="DF0E6617B3517107219E9DE0FF01F3CA">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |