496 lines
64 KiB
XML
496 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="DA926A20BD785417EACE63015786D2C9" ID-CLB-Dataset="109716" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ca66e1d3-1764-4a4a-a87e-9746a27eb1ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6920241" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1658996728315" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Deschodt, Christian M. & Davis, Adrian L. V." docDate="2022" docId="038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5169.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5169 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kheper cupreus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="195" masterDocId="FFB7A740FFC8D02432048441844D5B65" masterDocTitle="Comparison with a syntype of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840) confirms that Kheper namibicus Krajcik, 2006 is a synonym" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="193" pageNumber="193" updateTime="1699362535094" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="903C8B6116A9F16704E266E5323AD57F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="215787E170DDDDA36245418067573221">
|
||
<mods:title id="5B551C598841A9C65BF4EEFE9110E889">Comparison with a syntype of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840) confirms that Kheper namibicus Krajcik, 2006 is a synonym</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="25A3CEBB8837282AA9146EFF5CE46AD0" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="55EBA189DAD9D8F04ADA7B1B60DC1D66">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="AEB1B9F5F612C8276201D17896D12033">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A153EAA8FC239404D4FE08E39E97D3BA">Deschodt, Christian M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CAA2B6412DA1F4E4B045593154412491" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="07A7E5EE1B3FEBFE34569FD6FBF7E6B9">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6E4141B93DFCB0EE975A2DFA41097197">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6BB9515B1C7891829A8B9A758A383CA0">Davis, Adrian L. V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C96B4DBA6C9A3A7D35B4E780B1627404">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="5E2E945DB0BD4B22C57EC8FF00FE5BD6" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C116FF87A811A8D45B5BBDB27628DF8C">
|
||
<mods:title id="68B67EBA89E7C313083BFABCAA27DACE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="40022CCC6C1ADB933D6BDE3A72957FF0">
|
||
<mods:date id="E070E9E064C07159A943BAE83BB3BF95">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4F0830E7EFDC20F84778540C5C81BC47" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="506B7976E1CAA769B7494E2428A12415">2022-07-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2613F814B778381C4BD32E085029C17A" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="CD4FF85565D20236B5423D8631DCB413">5169</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A6B95D62E1D7941E93B4D1AD207A88FC" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="C32B0EC37B41C7C2BEEDFC394021D9D2">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="F1783881CBC10548904EA6E98CDC30AA" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="0E624F0C6D30F50E06A774ADCFF2AE7E">193</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="0699B863E1362D1F2DBE89EFC58558EA">196</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="70BFD57115470192CDBE8A63788C0336">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A3B5E7AEB607627108E3B02FE74F7DF7" type="CLB-Dataset">109716</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B3B2F85F15599D1C380EDD4756D817DC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5169.2.8</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CEE4780BBEBDEA4F0918ED58580F8164" type="GBIF-Dataset">ca66e1d3-1764-4a4a-a87e-9746a27eb1ad</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="08A6C609F5C5ED2B9C155B9E656BD48F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C081313B42B5AB011ED785752C76D8D2" type="Zenodo-Dep">6920241</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="78844C4AE19F0EB530636F8F0A869AD9" type="ZooBank">805F3A8C-48DB-4E9A-B9CA-E0469FA9EE9A</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6946066" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197874959" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6946066" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D3DA5FFC8D024329386EC85825854" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC8D024329386EC85825854" blockId="0.[151,1437,685,1069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
Following its original description,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024300E86EC872759A0" ID-CoL="6NKWJ" authority="Krajcik, 2006" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[522,874,685,709]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024300E86EC868059A0" box="[522,717,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D02430D086EC872759A0" author="Krajcik, M." box="[724,874,685,709]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024367486EC8501598C" ID-CoL="3R6Y5" authority="(Laporte de Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024367486EC815459A0" box="[1136,1305,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024372386EC8509598C" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." pageId="0" pageNumber="193" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024337686908613598C" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[370,606,721,745]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D02433D986938646598C" box="[477,523,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but later re-erected as a valid species or subspecies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024368D86908156598C" author="Krajcik, M." box="[1161,1307,721,745]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref2156" refString="Krajcik, M. (2020) Hmyz jako predloha vyznacnych umeleckych del (specialni vyber). I. Posvatni brouci starovekeho Egypta. Insects in famous artworks (special selection). I. Sacred beetles of ancient Egypt. Animma. x, 82, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2020">Krajcik 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This paper discusses the evidence for validity versus synonymy and provides further support that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024364F86B4815D5868" ID-CoL="6NKWJ" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[1099,1296,757,781]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024364F86B4815D5868" box="[1099,1296,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is, indeed, a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D3DA5FFC8D02433D2875886C85854" box="[470,645,793,817]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC8D02433D2875886C85854" blockId="0.[151,1437,685,1069]" box="[470,645,793,817]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D02433D2875886335854" ID-CoL="3R6Y5" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[470,638,793,817]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D02433D2875886335854" box="[470,638,793,817]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D3DA5FFC8D02632C3877C85B25BB6" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC8D02432C3877C86425F48" blockId="0.[151,1437,685,1069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
The description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D0243395877C86195830" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[401,596,829,853]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D0243395877C86195830" box="[401,596,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D21A5A7FFC8D02430EB877C87D05830" box="[751,925,829,853]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFC8D02431CB877C80615830" box="[975,1068,829,853]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFC8D0243676877F80835833" box="[1138,1230,830,854]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from near Gobabis [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFC8D024329A872084BB581C" box="[158,246,865,889]" degrees="22.45" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" precision="555" value="-22.45">S22.45°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFC8D02432FF87208518581C" box="[251,341,865,889]" degrees="18.97" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" precision="555" value="18.97">E18.97°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
] and a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFC8D024339A872385B7581F" box="[414,506,866,890]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from near Otavi [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFC8D02430B787208746581C" box="[691,779,865,889]" degrees="19.63" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" precision="555" value="-19.63">S19.63°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFC8D024311487208727581C" box="[784,874,865,889]" degrees="17.33" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" precision="555" value="17.33">E17.33°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
] in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFC8D0243194872087A1581C" box="[912,1004,865,889]" name="Namibia" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C72ABFFC8D02431FD8720807A581C" box="[1017,1079,865,889]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="0.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1093,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-284@0.[151,1436,1093,1672]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maps of southern Africa showing the known distribution of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840) with the type localities of Kheper namibicus Krajcik, 2006 (black squares), Kariba specimen (Deschodt et al. 2011) (black diamond) and the localities of the photographed Opuwo and Orapa specimens (black stars). Old but non-validated reports (Ferreira 1972) suggest a distribution extending northwards to southern Congo (DRC) (Lubumbashi), southern Tanzania (Kigonsera) and central Mozambique (Tete) (black triangles). However, the Congo and Tanzania records, especially, need to be validated since a close relative, Kheper rolciki Pokorný & Zidek, 2015, occurs nearby in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. A, showing the altitude with darker blue indicating higher and darker green indicating lower altitudes; B, showing the average temperature with lighter blue indicating cooler and darker blue indicating higher average temperatures. Temperature and altitude data is from Fick & Hijmans (2017)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920243/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D02436DF87208137581C" author="Krajcik, M." box="[1243,1402,865,889]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D02437808723854858F8" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D02437808723854858F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024337C87C785A458F8" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[376,489,902,925]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024337C87C785A458F8" box="[376,489,902,925]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C72ABFFC8D02433F387C4867B58F8" box="[503,566,901,925]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1689,1713]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,193,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[151,1436,181,1665]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840).A, worn syntype and label; B, unworn cupreous specimen of K.cupreus from Orapa, Botswana; C, unworn darker coloured specimen of K. cupreus from Opuwo, Namibia.Light conditions for the Orapa and Opuwo specimens were exactly the same. All specimens are pictured at the same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920245/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) but differs from it in (1) geographical distribution, (2) the “non-metallic colour of [the] dorsal side”, (3) the “non-lustrous elytral suture (in day light)”, (4) the darker colour than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024369287EB814458A4" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1174,1289,938,961]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024369287EB814458A4" box="[1174,1289,938,961]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (5) denticles of the front tibiae that are “not projected, rather obtuse” and (6) the shape of the parameres. Although the present authors have been unable to examine the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFC8D024300687B086125F6C" box="[514,607,1009,1033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024308187B3875E5F6C" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[645,787,1009,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024308187B3875E5F6C" box="[645,787,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the photographs in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D02431F687B080DD5F6C" author="Krajcik, M." box="[1010,1168,1009,1033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are sufficiently clear for comparisons with other specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF583EA6FFC8D024329382E184AF5CBD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6920243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920243/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" startId="0.[151,250,1696,1720]" targetBox="[151,1436,1093,1672]" targetPageId="0">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC8D024329382E184AF5CBD" blockId="0.[151,1437,1696,2008]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024329382E185585DDD" bold="true" box="[151,277,1696,1720]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Maps of southern Africa showing the known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024318B82E1812A5DDD" authority="(Laporte de Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[911,1383,1696,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024318B82E1807C5DDD" box="[911,1073,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024364482E1812D5DDD" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." box="[1088,1376,1696,1720]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the type localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D024336E828586F95DB9" authority="Krajcik, 2006" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[362,692,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024336E8285866F5DB9" box="[362,546,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024302D828586F95DB9" author="Krajcik, M." box="[553,692,1732,1756]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(black squares), Kariba specimen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D0243612828580A45DB9" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[1046,1257,1732,1756]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D024367A828480E75DB9" box="[1150,1194,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (black diamond) and the localities of the photographed Opuwo and Orapa specimens (black stars). Old but non-validated reports (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D024370D82A981D85C65" author="Ferreira, M. C." box="[1289,1429,1768,1792]" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="5 - 1088" refId="ref2043" refString="Ferreira, M. C. (1972) Os escarabideos de Africa (sul do Saara). Revista de Entomologia de Mocambique, 11, 5 - 1088." type="journal article" year="1972">Ferreira 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggest a distribution extending northwards to southern Congo (DRC) (Lubumbashi), southern Tanzania (Kigonsera) and central Mozambique (Tete) (black triangles). However, the Congo and Tanzania records, especially, need to be validated since a close relative,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC8D02432F4831586315C09" authority="Pokorny & Zidek, 2015" authorityName="Pokorny & Zidek" authorityYear="2015" box="[240,636,1876,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rolciki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC8D02432F4831585CF5C09" box="[240,386,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Kheper rolciki</emphasis>
|
||
Pokorný & Zidek, 2015
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, occurs nearby in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. A, showing the altitude with darker blue indicating higher and darker green indicating lower altitudes; B, showing the average temperature with lighter blue indicating cooler and darker blue indicating higher average temperatures. Temperature and altitude data is from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC8D02436FE83DD84905CBD" author="Fick, S. E. & Hijmans, R. J." pageId="0" pageNumber="193" pagination="4302 - 4315" refId="ref2074" refString="Fick, S. E. & Hijmans, R. J. (2017) WorldClim 2: new 1 km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37 (12), 4302 - 4315. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / joc. 5086" type="journal article" year="2017">Fick & Hijmans (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF583EA6FFC9D025329382D8808E5D9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6920245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920245/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" startId="1.[151,250,1689,1713]" targetBox="[154,1419,193,1657]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC9D025329382D8808E5D9C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1689,1785]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D025329382D8855F5DD4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1689,1713]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D025338282D8871E5DD4" authority="(Laporte de Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[390,851,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D025338282D886685DD4" box="[390,549,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC9D025303582D887065DD4" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." box="[561,843,1689,1713]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, worn syntype and label; B, unworn cupreous specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D02532B582FF85565DB0" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[177,283,1726,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D02532B582FF85565DB0" box="[177,283,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Orapa, Botswana; C, unworn darker coloured specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D025319F82FF804B5DB0" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[923,1030,1726,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D025319F82FF804B5DB0" box="[923,1030,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Opuwo, Namibia. Light conditions for the Orapa and Opuwo specimens were exactly the same. All specimens are pictured at the same scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFC9D02632C3836885B25BB6" blockId="1.[151,1437,1833,2037]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F6473FFC9D02632C3836885B65BB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3867823301" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="195" latitude="-16.516666" location="The" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFC9D02532C3836884BD5C24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFC9D02532C3836884BD5C24" box="[199,240,1833,1857]" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" latitude="-16.516666" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" name="The" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">The</location>
|
||
synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D0253382836B865F5C24" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[390,530,1833,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D0253382836B865F5C24" box="[390,530,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D0253048836B87E15C24" authority="(Deschodt et al. 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Deschodt" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[588,940,1833,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D0253048836B86F05C24" box="[588,701,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC9D02530CE836887E85C24" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[714,933,1833,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D0253132836B87295C24" box="[822,868,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on a reference collection containing individuals identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D025339B830F865F5C00" box="[415,530,1870,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D025339B830F865F5C00" box="[415,530,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from more than 15 localities across northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFC9D02531FF830C801A5C00" box="[1019,1111,1869,1893]" name="Namibia" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and more than 30 localities to the east (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C72ABFFC9D02532FD833085CD5CEC" box="[249,384,1905,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="0.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1093,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-284@0.[151,1436,1093,1672]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maps of southern Africa showing the known distribution of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840) with the type localities of Kheper namibicus Krajcik, 2006 (black squares), Kariba specimen (Deschodt et al. 2011) (black diamond) and the localities of the photographed Opuwo and Orapa specimens (black stars). Old but non-validated reports (Ferreira 1972) suggest a distribution extending northwards to southern Congo (DRC) (Lubumbashi), southern Tanzania (Kigonsera) and central Mozambique (Tete) (black triangles). However, the Congo and Tanzania records, especially, need to be validated since a close relative, Kheper rolciki Pokorný & Zidek, 2015, occurs nearby in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania. A, showing the altitude with darker blue indicating higher and darker green indicating lower altitudes; B, showing the average temperature with lighter blue indicating cooler and darker blue indicating higher average temperatures. Temperature and altitude data is from Fick & Hijmans (2017)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920243/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Figs 1A, 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFC9D0253392833086C55CEC" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[406,648,1905,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D02530078333867E5CEC" box="[515,563,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed that
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFC9D025312C833087CC5CEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFC9D025312C833087CC5CEC" box="[808,897,1905,1929]" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" latitude="-16.516666" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" name="Gobabis" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Gobabis</location>
|
||
and
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFC9D02531BC833087BE5CEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFC9D02531BC833087BE5CEC" box="[952,1011,1905,1929]" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" latitude="-16.516666" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" name="Otavi" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Otavi</location>
|
||
fell well within the known range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D0253780833384A75CC8" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D0253780833384A75CC8" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFC9D025334E83D4865E5CC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFC9D025334E83D4865E5CC8" box="[330,531,1941,1965]" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" latitude="-16.516666" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" name="northern Namibian" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">northern Namibian</location>
|
||
specimens were darker than the cupreous individuals found further east.
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFC9D025371083D481055CC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFC9D025371083D481055CC8" box="[1300,1352,1941,1965]" country="Namibia" county="Kariba" latitude="-16.516666" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="28.766666" municipality="Furthermore" name="With" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">With</location>
|
||
regards to type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFC9D025336C83FB85BB5CB4" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[360,502,1977,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFC9D025336C83FB85BB5CB4" box="[360,502,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they also explained that the “not projected” or “obtuse” condition of denticles on the front tibiae resulted from wear during soil excavation.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCF454FFC9D02530EE839C873F5C90" box="[746,882,2013,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194">Furthermore</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, the aedeagus of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFC9D025365C839C80F85C90" box="[1112,1205,2013,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="194" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was comparable to a cupreous specimen from
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F916A2FFCAD02633AD84D685B95BCA" box="[425,500,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kariba</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD026300584D6863E5BCA" box="[513,627,151,175]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFCAD026308084D686A95BD5" box="[644,740,151,176]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" precision="925" value="-16.516666">16°31’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFCAD02630F584D6871F5BD5" box="[753,850,151,176]" degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" precision="925" value="28.766666">28°46’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) determined as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026360584D980385BCA" box="[1025,1141,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026360584D980385BCA" box="[1025,1141,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Richard zur Strassen, a specialist in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026337F84FA85B65BB6" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[379,507,187,211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" rank="tribe" tribe="Scarabaeini">Scarabaeini</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D3DA5FFCAD02632C3849E807659C2" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFCAD02632C3849E81025AAA" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Subsequently, at the end of a paper dealing primarily with insects in famous artworks of ancient
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD02636F884A181735B9D" box="[1276,1342,224,248]" name="Egypt" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD0263748849E84935A79" author="Krajcik, M." pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref2156" refString="Krajcik, M. (2020) Hmyz jako predloha vyznacnych umeleckych del (specialni vyber). I. Posvatni brouci starovekeho Egypta. Insects in famous artworks (special selection). I. Sacred beetles of ancient Egypt. Animma. x, 82, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2020">Krajcik (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a seven line re-evaluation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026307E8545874A5A7E" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[634,775,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026307E8545874A5A7E" box="[634,775,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, again, elevated it to valid species or subspecies status. As regards this re-evaluation, an English translation from Czech follows in inverted commas (Google translation services,
|
||
<date id="FF9948EEFFCAD0263786856985445A01" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" value="2022-05-27">27 May 2022</date>
|
||
): “In 2006, a description of a new species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026314F850A87D75A06" authorityName="Janssens" authorityYear="1940" box="[843,922,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026314F850A87D75A06" box="[843,922,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kheper</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD02631DD850A80785A06" box="[985,1077,331,355]" name="Namibia" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
was published, which was named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263293852E85105AE2" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,349,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263293852E85105AE2" box="[151,349,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026336A852E864C5AE2" author="Krajcik, M." box="[366,513,367,391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026300B853186375AE2" box="[527,634,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Animma.x</emphasis>
|
||
, 14: 21).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD02630EE852E87AC5AED" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[746,993,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026315D853187C75AE2" box="[857,906,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized this species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263746853181D85AE2" box="[1346,1429,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263746853181D85AE2" box="[1346,1429,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Apparently
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026331085D585C95ACE" box="[276,388,404,427]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026331085D585C95ACE" box="[276,388,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as imagined by Deschodt and his colleagues, is in fact different from what was described by Laporte de Castelnau in 1840, and therefore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026301D85F986EB5AAA" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[537,678,439,463]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026301D85F986EB5AAA" box="[537,678,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be recognized by a valid taxon (species or subspecies)”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFCAD02632C3859A807659C2" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F6473FFCAD02632C3859A807B59C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3867823303" collectorName="de Castelnau's" location="Laporte de Castelnau's" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
Notably,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026332E859A86515A91" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[298,540,475,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263393859D858A5A96" box="[407,455,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was published without our having examined type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD02636D0859A81335A96" box="[1236,1406,475,499]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD02636D0859A81335A96" box="[1236,1406,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or photographs of types. This has now been rectified by an examination of photographs of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD026365B864180FF597D" box="[1119,1202,512,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
habitus sent from the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. The specimen should be considered a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD0263622866580345959" box="[1062,1145,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C72ABFFCAD026368C866280915959" box="[1160,1244,547,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1689,1713]" captionTargetBox="[154,1419,193,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-17@1.[151,1436,181,1665]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840).A, worn syntype and label; B, unworn cupreous specimen of K.cupreus from Orapa, Botswana; C, unworn darker coloured specimen of K. cupreus from Opuwo, Namibia.Light conditions for the Orapa and Opuwo specimens were exactly the same. All specimens are pictured at the same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) as it is unclear if
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD0263293860985C1593A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD0263293860985C1593A" box="[151,396,583,607]" name="Laporte de Castelnau's" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Laporte
|
||
<collectorName id="26D20BF8FFCAD02632F5860685C1593A" box="[241,396,583,607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">de Castelnau’s</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
original description was based on a single or multiple individuals. However, staff of the museum have been unable to locate other specimens that might belong to a type series. As
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263610862A80FA59E6" box="[1044,1207,619,643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263610862A802E59E6" box="[1044,1123,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kheper</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
show little, external, sexual dimorphism, dissection by museum staff has shown that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD026316286D187F459CD" box="[870,953,656,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
is a female
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF583EA6FFCAD026329381C185005E85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6920249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920249/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" startId="2.[151,250,1408,1432]" targetBox="[162,1428,711,1377]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFCAD026329381C185005E85" blockId="2.[151,1436,1408,1505]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026329381C185595EFD" bold="true" box="[151,276,1408,1432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Aedeagi of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026339681C187285EFC" authority="(Laporte de Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[402,869,1408,1433]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026339681C1867E5EFD" box="[402,563,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026304581C087135EFC" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." box="[577,862,1408,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in dorsal and dorso-lateral view. A, aedeagus extracted from a cupreous specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD02633BB81E486675ED9" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[447,554,1445,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD02633BB81E486675ED9" box="[447,554,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Orapa, Botswana; B, aedeagus extracted from a dark specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD02636FE81E481285ED9" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1274,1381,1445,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD02636FE81E481285ED9" box="[1274,1381,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Opuwo, Namibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D3DA5FFCAD02732C3825081745BB1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B986E2EFFCAD02732C3825081745BB1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1552,2009]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="196" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4F6473FFCAD02732C3825081785BB1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3867823302" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="196" latitude="-18.2027" location="Opuwo" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
We have compared the habitus image of the female Caffraria
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD0263141825087D55D4C" box="[837,920,1553,1577]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(cupreous with worn tibial and clypeal dentition) with that of the male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026337C827486485D29" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[376,517,1588,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026337C827486485D29" box="[376,517,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD026300F827586255D29" box="[523,616,1588,1612]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD02630AC827587495D29" box="[680,772,1588,1612]" name="Namibia" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(dark with a cupreous sheen and worn tibial/clypeal dentition) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026329A821985635D15" author="Krajcik, M." box="[158,302,1624,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026333D8218853F5D14" author="Krajcik, M." box="[313,370,1625,1649]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref2156" refString="Krajcik, M. (2020) Hmyz jako predloha vyznacnych umeleckych del (specialni vyber). I. Posvatni brouci starovekeho Egypta. Insects in famous artworks (special selection). I. Sacred beetles of ancient Egypt. Animma. x, 82, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), that of the male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263034821886EF5D15" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[560,674,1625,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263034821886EF5D15" box="[560,674,1625,1648]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen from Kariba in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD02631B3821980645D15" box="[951,1065,1624,1648]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
(cupreous with unworn fore tibial/ clypeal dentition) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD026335A823D86775DF0" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[350,570,1660,1685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD02633CE823C85B55DF1" box="[458,504,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and those of male specimens that we determined as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263663823C80955DF1" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1127,1240,1661,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263663823C80955DF1" box="[1127,1240,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comprising a dark specimen with unworn fore tibial/clypeal dentition from
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFC3CBFFCAD02630F882E187755DDD" box="[764,824,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" unit="km" value="20.0">20km</quantity>
|
||
south of
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD026319B82E087A35DDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD026319B82E087A35DDC" box="[927,1006,1697,1721]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Opuwo" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Opuwo</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFCAD02631F982E080225DDC" box="[1021,1135,1697,1721]" degrees="18.2027" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" precision="5" value="-18.2027">S18.2027°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1308E9FFCAD026367282E180BA5DDD" box="[1142,1271,1696,1720]" degrees="13.81305" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" precision="1" value="13.81305">E13.81305°</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD026372682E181335DDD" box="[1314,1406,1696,1720]" name="Namibia" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
as well as a cupreous specimen with unworn tibial/clypeal dentition from
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD0263193828487955DB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD0263193828487955DB8" box="[919,984,1733,1757]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Orapa" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Orapa</location>
|
||
to the east in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD0263675828480935DB9" box="[1137,1246,1733,1756]" name="Botswana" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD02636E3828581445DB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD02636E3828581445DB9" box="[1255,1289,1732,1756]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="All" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">All</location>
|
||
images show close similarities.
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD026335A82A985875C65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD026335A82A985875C65" box="[350,458,1768,1792]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Therefore" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Therefore</location>
|
||
, this comparison suggests that, contrary to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD02631AD82A980015C64" author="Krajcik, M." box="[937,1100,1768,1793]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref2156" refString="Krajcik, M. (2020) Hmyz jako predloha vyznacnych umeleckych del (specialni vyber). I. Posvatni brouci starovekeho Egypta. Insects in famous artworks (special selection). I. Sacred beetles of ancient Egypt. Animma. x, 82, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2020">Krajcik (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we have correctly understood the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD0263332834C85E45C41" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[310,425,1805,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263332834C85E45C41" box="[310,425,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as originally described in only twelve, half-column lines (78 words) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD02636BC834C84AC5C2C" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." pageId="2" pageNumber="195" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau (1840)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD02632E8837185395C2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD02632E8837185395C2D" box="[236,372,1840,1864]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Furthermore" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Furthermore</location>
|
||
, images of the aedeagi extracted from the
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD026313A837087C05C2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD026313A837087C05C2C" box="[830,909,1841,1865]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Opuwo" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Opuwo</location>
|
||
(dark),
|
||
<location id="8EF838F5FFCAD02631E7837080695C2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EDF38FFC8D027329386EC81745BB1:8EF838F5FFCAD02631E7837080695C2C" box="[995,1060,1841,1865]" country="Namibia" county="Therefore" latitude="-18.2027" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="13.81305" municipality="Kariba" name="Orapa" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Orapa</location>
|
||
(cupreous),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCF454FFCAD02636A8837180B85C2D" box="[1196,1269,1840,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Kariba</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(cupreous) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD02632938314856A5C09" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,295,1876,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD02632938314856A5C09" box="[151,295,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD026332B831585C15C09" box="[303,396,1876,1900]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(dark with cupreous sheen) specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD0263141831587945C09" author="Krajcik, M." box="[837,985,1876,1900]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCAD02631E2831580865C08" author="Deschodt, C. M. & Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H." box="[998,1227,1876,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" pagination="277 - 294" refId="ref1986" refString="Deschodt, C. M., Davis, A. L. V. & Scholtz, C. H. (2011) New dung beetle taxa from arid south-western Africa. Insect Systematics and Evolution, 42, 277 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631211 X 568173" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Deschodt
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD0263650831480C15C09" box="[1108,1164,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C72ABFFCAD02636DC831581555C08" box="[1240,1304,1876,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1408,1432]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,711,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-288@2.[152,1436,704,1385]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Aedeagi of Kheper cupreus (Laporte de Castelnau, 1840) in dorsal and dorso-lateral view. A, aedeagus extracted from a cupreous specimen of K. cupreus from Orapa, Botswana; B, aedeagus extracted from a dark specimen of K. cupreus from Opuwo, Namibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6920249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6920249/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) are clearly identical.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F916A2FFCAD0263304833985215CF5" box="[256,364,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Therefore</collectingCounty>
|
||
, after a consideration of (1) the close similarity between the habitus of the five compared specimens representing the two colour varieties (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026302983DC86D25CD1" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[557,671,1949,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026302983DC86D25CD1" box="[557,671,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD02630A283DC86B15CD0" box="[678,764,1949,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026310283DC87D95CD1" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[774,916,1948,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026310283DC87D95CD1" box="[774,916,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CD08CFFCAD026319E83DD87B75CD1" box="[922,1018,1948,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD026360183DD809A5CD1" box="[1029,1239,1948,1972]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Namibia, Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCAD026370F83DD81305CD1" box="[1291,1405,1948,1972]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026378083DC84A75CBD" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026378083DC84A75CBD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (2) the identical aedeagi from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026304D8380869A5CBD" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[585,727,1984,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026304D8380869A5CBD" box="[585,727,1984,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and three western and eastern specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCAD026372D838081D15CBD" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1321,1436,1985,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCAD026372D838081D15CBD" box="[1321,1436,1985,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="195">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and (3) the identical aedeagi from dark worn (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCBD027308684D987425BCA" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[642,783,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCBD027308684D987425BCA" box="[642,783,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="196">K. namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and dark unworn (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCBD02731E684D980195BCA" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[994,1108,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCBD02731E684D980195BCA" box="[994,1108,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="196">K. cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3302EBEFFCBD027371084D6813E5BCA" box="[1300,1395,151,175]" name="Namibia" pageId="3" pageNumber="196">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, we confirm the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCBD02733A884FA87465BB6" authority="Krajcik, 2006" authorityName="Krajcik" authorityYear="2006" box="[428,779,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCBD02733A884FA86225BB6" box="[428,623,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="196">Kheper namibicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCBD027307284FA87465BB6" author="Krajcik, M." box="[630,779,187,211]" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref2131" refString="Krajcik, M. (2006) New species of Kheper Janssens from Namibia. Animma. x, 14, 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Krajcik, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2715ADFFCBD027314884FA81785BB1" authority="(Laporte de Castelnau, 1840)" baseAuthorityName="Laporte de Castelnau" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[844,1333,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Kheper" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953B23CFFCBD027314884FA87B95BB6" box="[844,1012,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="196">Kheper cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB613DFFFCBD027360684FD81635BB1" author="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L." box="[1026,1326,187,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="196" refId="ref2208" refString="Laporte de Castelnau, F. L. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Histoire naturelle des Animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. Vol. 2. P. Dumenil, Paris, 565 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte de Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |