382 lines
47 KiB
XML
382 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="9E66FF36FE0E02B98FD35F3AA374856A" ID-CLB-Dataset="29104" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4455.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fe0e811b-255d-4a15-859b-aec861ff4a84" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1457256" ID-ZooBank="82EA0ECB-4E33-4E22-99C1-98364576580A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539261826333" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gómez, Patricia, González-Acosta, Bárbara, Sánchez-Ortíz, Carlos, Hoffman, Zvi & Hernández-Guerrero, Claudia J." docDate="2018" docId="038EC94DCB6AFFBEFF04FFD8FA40FB21" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4455.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4455 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aplysina airapii Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="332" masterDocId="FFB7B135CB62FFB4FF93FC77FFCDFFC8" masterDocTitle="Amended definitions for Aplysinidae and Aplysina (Porifera, Demospongiae, Verongiida): on three new species from a remarkable population in the Gulf of California" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="322" pageNumber="330" updateTime="1698575579814" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="464DF55D9717BDE9E99D7DBB2BBA281E">
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<mods:title id="B4044E0EB50C97A43E505B5983176F0D">Amended definitions for Aplysinidae and Aplysina (Porifera, Demospongiae, Verongiida): on three new species from a remarkable population in the Gulf of California</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ACEBD84B4D89AE7AF7970C41BE4C6944">Gómez, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="036D95FE85E73BB66A42DF5E2E433BF9">González-Acosta, Bárbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="494D90376C3EA9AD5BF47D563B5D1081">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5821B4667E8BDC214733CB3F668D7A48">Sánchez-Ortíz, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A1AD5DE2A21AC54C9CEEE27C4A82FB07">Hoffman, Zvi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="E8C8C15AF67625E802E81D242797741A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D52CAB11DCF000885CA6F4F4025890DB">Hernández-Guerrero, Claudia J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="27D0D7BB9F0060DCA09DC338D7591084">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0B9BCCFA199A06D62C46FA1285443349">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B0379EC0C7EE6854770E7A8DE4208A9A">
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<mods:date id="7A030EFC56F0830FF5AF72CE65E4F351">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A441F02A82533DD5057AC40D388F18C6">2018-08-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E183DFA1EA2E33DE22CB724876CCB1BD">4455</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038EC94DCB6AFFBEFF04FFD8FA40FB21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5950074" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5950074" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038EC94DCB6AFFBEFF04FFD8FA40FB21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038EC94DCB6AFFBEFF04FFD8FA40FB21" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FEDFFC23" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FE70FC02" blockId="8.[151,445,943,1003]" box="[151,445,943,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<heading id="D0D0CF37CB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FE70FC02" bold="true" box="[151,445,943,970]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FE70FC02" bold="true" box="[151,445,943,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FE95FC01" ID-CoL="5VNTJ" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,344,943,969]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF04FFD8FE95FC01" bold="true" box="[151,344,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Aplysina airapii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB6AFFBCFECCFFC7FE70FC02" box="[351,445,944,970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF04FFA5FEDFFC23" blockId="8.[151,445,943,1003]" box="[151,274,978,1003]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131C64DECB6AFFBCFF0CFFA5FF20FC23" box="[159,237,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1525,1547]" captionTargetBox="[187,1399,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1399,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A‒B. Aplysina encarnacionae sp. nov., C‒D. Aplysina airapii sp. nov. at Espiritu Santo Island, BCS, Mexico. Underwater photographs in vivo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457262/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131C64DECB6AFFBCFF69FFA5FEC5FC23" box="[250,264,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aplysina airapii sp. nov., A. General structure of the skeletal assemblage, uniplanar layer of fibers delineating the atrium wall, and dendritic fibers conforming the tube wall. B. Detail of anastomosed fiber. C. Detail of dendritic fibers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457266/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6AFFBCFF04F86DFDBAFB2F" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF04F86DFEB8FB57" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF04F86DFE4DFBFB" bold="true" box="[151,384,1050,1075]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Material examined</emphasis>
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. Holotype CNPGG‒1396 El Gallo, 24°27’54.76”N 110°23’14.75”W,
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<date id="FF995E9BCB6AFFBCFB57F86DFA9DFBFB" box="[1220,1360,1050,1075]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="2011-12-16">16/XII/2011</date>
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, 5 m. Paratypes: USNM‒1283360 Punta Norte, Cerralvo Is., 24°22’31.05”N 109°55’57.04”W,
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<date id="FF995E9BCB6AFFBCFB06F848FAEEFB9F" box="[1173,1315,1087,1111]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="2011-12-17">17/XII/2011</date>
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. CNPGG‒ 1336 Punta Norte, Cerralvo Is., 24°22’31.05”N 109°55’57.04”W,
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<date id="FF995E9BCB6AFFBCFC0FF814FBE5FBB3" box="[924,1064,1123,1147]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="2011-12-17">17/XII/2011</date>
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, 10 m. CNPGG‒1341, 1342 El Gallo,
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<date id="FF995E9BCB6AFFBCFF70F8F0FEBCFB57" box="[227,369,1159,1183]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="1990-12-14">14/XII/1990</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF54F8DDFDBAFB2F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4F7206CB6AFFBCFF54F8DDFDBAFB2F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1917075862" collectingDate="1926-03-14" country="United States of America" location="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF54F8DDFDE0FB0B" bold="true" box="[199,557,1194,1219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Additional material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="549CC6F9CB6AFFBCFDAFF8DCFD53FB0B" box="[572,670,1195,1219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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USNM-21501
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<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6AFFBCFCDEF8DBFA55FB0B" authority="de Laubenfels, 1930 Laguna Beach" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[845,1432,1194,1219]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFCDEF8DBFBCDFB0B" box="[845,1024,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Verongia thiona</emphasis>
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de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB605AACB6AFFBCFBBAF8DDFB21FB0B" box="[1065,1260,1194,1219]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" refId="ref10061" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de (1930) The sponges of California. Stanford University Bulletin, 5 (98), 24 - 29." type="journal article">Laubenfels, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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Laguna Beach
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49E3B6B9CB6AFFBCFF04F8B9FEC1FB2F" box="[151,268,1230,1255]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">California</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33038CBCB6AFFBCFE85F8B8FE9FFB2F" box="[278,338,1231,1255]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingDate id="EFDDA773CB6AFFBCFECFF8B9FE12FB2F" box="[348,479,1230,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="1926-03-14">
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<date id="FF995E9BCB6AFFBCFECFF8B9FE12FB2F" box="[348,479,1230,1255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" value="1926-03-14">14/III/1926</date>
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</collectingDate>
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, as abundant.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6AFFBCFF54F885FE31F8CB" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF54F885FC67F9CF" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
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<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF54F885FE9CFAC3" bold="true" box="[199,337,1266,1291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Description</emphasis>
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. Massive sponge, with short, conical, tubular processes on top, consisting of up to 16 low tubes. The entire sponge is about
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<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFE50F961FDC2FAE6" box="[451,527,1302,1327]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="5.5">5.5 cm</quantity>
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wide,
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<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFDC9F960FD7EFAE6" box="[602,691,1303,1327]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="21.7">21.7 cm</quantity>
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||
long, and
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||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFCBAF961FC4FFAE6" box="[809,898,1302,1327]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="10.5">10.5 cm</quantity>
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in height (
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<figureCitation id="131C64DECB6AFFBCFC68F961FBF0FAE7" box="[1019,1085,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1525,1547]" captionTargetBox="[187,1399,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[187,1399,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A‒B. Aplysina encarnacionae sp. nov., C‒D. Aplysina airapii sp. nov. at Espiritu Santo Island, BCS, Mexico. Underwater photographs in vivo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457262/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C-D). Each tube with an apical pseudoscule up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFEF9F94CFE61FA9A" box="[362,428,1339,1363]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter; some of these bear an elevated diaphragm, which contracts so tightly that it cannot be seen in some tubes. Small samples CNPGG‒1336, 1341, 1342, (
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<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFC66F928FBE2FABE" box="[1013,1071,1375,1399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFBECF928FB75FABE" box="[1151,1208,1375,1399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
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||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFABCF928FAB0FABE" box="[1327,1405,1375,1399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="cm" value="2.3">2.3 cm</quantity>
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||
in height), are probably juvenile with the same habit and skeletal arrangement as for the larger specimens. The color when alive is pale yellow with purple tinges at the top of the tube, turning black in alcohol. The consistency is firm, slightly compressible. The surface is regularly conulose, although the conules are not clearly seen when alive; they are <1.0 to
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||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFE85F998FEA0F9CE" box="[278,365,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFD80F998FDBDF9CE" box="[531,624,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1‒3 mm</quantity>
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||
apart in preserved material.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF54FA65FE31F8CB" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF54FA65FEE3F9E3" bold="true" box="[199,302,1554,1579]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Skeleton</emphasis>
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||
. Anastomosed hexagonal meshes form a uniplanar layer delineating the atrium wall along the tube. From this uniplanar mesh, arise a succession of dendritic fibers at regular intervals going ortogonal to the surface. These fibers run along the tube wall without anastomoses. Atrium fibers are stratified 90‒350 µm in diameter with reddish amber bark, forming meshes 468‒1610 µm wide with amber-colored pith 60‒180 µm in diameter, on average three-quarters of the fiber diameter. Dendritic fibers are thinner than that of the atrium, 110‒160 µm in diameter, with a lighter-colored bark and a black pith 80‒100 µm in diameter with unusual nodules on average, 80 % of the fiber diameter (
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<figureCitation id="131C64DECB6AFFBCFE39FA9DFE23F8CB" box="[426,494,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1795,1817]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aplysina airapii sp. nov., A. General structure of the skeletal assemblage, uniplanar layer of fibers delineating the atrium wall, and dendritic fibers conforming the tube wall. B. Detail of anastomosed fiber. C. Detail of dendritic fibers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457266/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6AFFBCFF54FB79FD77F8A7" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF54FB79FD77F8A7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF54FB79FEE9F8EF" bold="true" box="[199,292,1806,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6AFFBCFEA0FB78FE52F8EE" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[307,415,1807,1830]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFEA0FB78FE52F8EE" box="[307,415,1807,1830]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB6AFFBCFE34FB79FDCFF8EF" box="[423,514,1806,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFE34FB79FDCFF8EF" bold="true" box="[423,514,1806,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
also occurs on rocky reef substratum (boulders, walls and small caves) from
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB6AFFBCFAE3FB79FF1FF882" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. It is common on both exposed and sheltered shores at Espiritu Santo Is. The opistobranch mollusc
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6AFFBCFF04FB21FE13F8A7" authority="Gabb, 1865" authorityName="Gabb" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,478,1878,1903]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tylodinidae" genus="Tylodina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Umbraculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fungina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF04FB21FE99F8A7" box="[151,340,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Tylodina fungina</emphasis>
|
||
Gabb, 1865
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is again a predator.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6AFFBCFF54FB0DFEF6F813" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6AFFBCFF54FB0DFEF6F813" blockId="8.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFF54FB0DFE94F85B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1914,1939]" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6AFFBCFEFEFB0CFE13F85B" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[365,478,1915,1939]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="8" pageNumber="330" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6AFFBCFEFEFB0CFE13F85B" box="[365,478,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs around Espiritu Santo Island (El Gallo Is., Los Islotes Is., Punta Lobos, specimens from the last two locations were only observed), and Cerralvo Island (Punta Norte), Baja
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3B6B9CB6AFFBCFB6EFBE9FAA2F87F" box="[1277,1391,1950,1975]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="330">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sur in La Paz Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5828D3CB6BFFBDFF04FB74FA83F8F0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457266/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" startId="9.[151,250,1795,1817]" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1774]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6BFFBDFF04FB74FA83F8F0" blockId="9.[151,1436,1795,1848]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFF04FB74FEC0F8D1" bold="true" box="[151,269,1795,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB6BFFBDFE8AFB74FE70F8D1" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[281,445,1795,1817]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFE8AFB74FE70F8D1" box="[281,445,1795,1817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">Aplysina airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB6BFFBDFE50FB73FDD9F8D1" box="[451,532,1796,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFE50FB73FDD9F8D1" bold="true" box="[451,532,1796,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, A. General structure of the skeletal assemblage, uniplanar layer of fibers delineating the atrium wall, and dendritic fibers conforming the tube wall. B. Detail of anastomosed fiber. C. Detail of dendritic fibers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6BFFBDFF54FB13FEC0F80E" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6BFFBDFF54FB13FEC0F80E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1892,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFF54FB13FE8BF8B5" bold="true" box="[199,326,1892,1917]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species name
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFDABFB12FDB2F8B4" box="[568,639,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">Airapi</emphasis>
|
||
is derived from an indigenous designation for the locality in Baja
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3B6B9CB6BFFBDFF04FBFFFEC4F869" box="[151,265,1928,1953]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sur (from La Paz to Loreto) inhabited by pre-Hispanic settlers called Guaycuras, who encountered the Spaniards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33D2BD0CB6BFFBEFF54FBA7FA40FB21" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="9" pageNumber="331" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB6BFFBEFF54FBA7FD95FDD0" blockId="9.[151,1436,1892,2025]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="332" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB6BFFBDFF54FBA7FEF9F821" bold="true" box="[199,308,2000,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="331">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The unique skeletal arrangement, dimensions of skeletal components, and external morphology, render
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFF79FCE0FE69FF78" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[234,420,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFF79FCE0FE69FF78" box="[234,420,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFE23FCE0FDC3FF78" box="[432,526,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFE23FCE0FDC3FF78" bold="true" box="[432,526,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
readily distinguishable from any other Eastern Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFB0EFCE0FB32FF78" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[1181,1279,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFB0EFCE0FB32FF78" box="[1181,1279,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A uniplanar reticulation at the atrium walls, from which dendritic fibers originate and run orthogonally to the surface, is an arrangement not previously recorded in any aplysinid specimen, not even as a tendency.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFB18FCA8FA56FF30" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[1163,1435,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="encarnacionae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFB18FCA8FA56FF30" box="[1163,1435,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina encarnacionae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFF04FD73FF3FFED5" box="[151,242,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFF04FD73FF3FFED5" bold="true" box="[151,242,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(described above) is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFDCFFD73FD05FED4" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[604,712,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFDCFFD73FD05FED4" box="[604,712,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFD42FD73FCE0FED5" box="[721,813,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFD42FD73FCE0FED5" bold="true" box="[721,813,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
but has a higher proportion of polygonal anastomosed fibers and longer dendritic ones, which sometimes anastomose. In addition, the overall shape of the two species is quite different. The species that most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFCB7FD3BFC5EFEAC" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[804,915,332,356]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFCB7FD3BFC5EFEAC" box="[804,915,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFC0DFD3BFC36FEAD" box="[926,1019,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFC0DFD3BFC36FEAD" bold="true" box="[926,1019,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in external morphology is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFAA9FD3BFEA4FE40" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinuscaliforniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFAA9FD3BFEA4FE40" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina sinuscaliforniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFEE2FD18FE01FE40" box="[369,460,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFEE2FD18FE01FE40" bold="true" box="[369,460,367,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(described below) which is massive with tubular processes, and similar color
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFADBFD06FA58FE40" box="[1352,1429,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
, i.e. pale yellow with purple tinges. Both species occur in sympatry and can be misidentified in the field. Therefore skeletal slides are necessary to ascertain their identity, through the traditional anastomosed skeleton in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFA17FDCFFEA4FE3D" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sinuscaliforniensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFA17FDCFFEA4FE3D" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. sinuscaliforniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFEEBFDABFE14FE3D" box="[376,473,476,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFEEBFDABFE14FE3D" bold="true" box="[376,473,476,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, devoid of dendritic fibers, and smaller dimensions of skeletal elements when contrasted to those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFE1FFE77FE35FDD0" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[396,504,512,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFE1FFE77FE35FDD0" box="[396,504,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFE6CFD88FD95FDD0" box="[511,600,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFE6CFD88FD95FDD0" bold="true" box="[511,600,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB68FFBEFF54FE53FC25FC6D" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
The possession of dendritic fibers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFD1CFE53FCC7FDF5" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityYear="1978" box="[655,778,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Verongiida</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously more a trait of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFB09FE53FAABFDF5" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1885" box="[1178,1382,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Pseudoceratinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Pseudoceratinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFF04FE30FEF6FDA8" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,315,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Aplysinellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
that lack anastomosed fibers. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CC6F9CB68FFBEFD4AFE3FFCF4FDA8" box="[729,825,584,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFCF4FE3EFBD2FDA8" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[871,1055,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFCF4FE3EFBD2FDA8" box="[871,1055,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Verongia thiona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFB4AFE30FA90FDA8" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1241,1373,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFB4AFE30FA90FDA8" box="[1241,1373,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aiolochroia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB605AACB68FFBEFAE3FE3FFE9AFD4C" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref10912" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J. N. A., Rutzler, K., de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A. B., Manconi, R., Schonberg, C., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M., Diaz, M. C., Cardenas, P., Carballo, J. L., Rios, P. & Downey, R. (2017) World Porifera database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / porifera (accessed 14 February 2018)" type="url">
|
||
Van Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFF4FFE1AFEC3FD4D" box="[220,270,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) bears dendritic fibers and was compared with the new species. The specimen shows characters diverging both from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFE3AFEF8FDE3FD60" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[425,558,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFE3AFEF8FDE3FD60" box="[425,558,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aiolochroia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pattern, as well as from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFCD0FEE7FC63FD60" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[835,942,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFCD0FEE7FC63FD60" box="[835,942,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFC25FEF8FBC2FD60" box="[950,1039,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFC25FEF8FBC2FD60" bold="true" box="[950,1039,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
This is a gross encrustation, with a typical conulose surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C64DECB68FFBEFE57FEC3FDC3FD04" box="[452,526,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[170,1424,589,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[170,1424,589,1924]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ƒerongia thiona de Laubenfels, 1930 (=Aplysina thiona), A‒B. Paratype USNM‒21501 Laguna Beach, California, U.S.A., C. Detail of fibers showing bark and pith. D. General structure of the skeleton, ectosomal area included." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457274/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
), with different skeletal arrangement. “
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFC4CFEC2FB6AFD05" box="[991,1191,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFC4CFEC2FB86FD04" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1845" box="[991,1099,693,716]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Verongia</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFBCCFEC3FB6AFD05" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[1119,1191,692,717]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">thiona</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has an anastomosed polygonal skeleton with unevenly and short dendritic fibers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131C64DECB68FFBEFCD6FEA0FC05FD38" box="[837,968,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[170,1424,589,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[170,1424,589,1924]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ƒerongia thiona de Laubenfels, 1930 (=Aplysina thiona), A‒B. Paratype USNM‒21501 Laguna Beach, California, U.S.A., C. Detail of fibers showing bark and pith. D. General structure of the skeleton, ectosomal area included." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457274/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Fig. 9 C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). De
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB605AACB68FFBEFB97FEA0FB1EFD38" box="[1028,1235,727,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref10089" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de (1932) The marine and fresh water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81 (Art. 4), 1 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.81 - 2927.1" type="journal article">Laubenfels (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
refers to this trait as "Endosomal structure ... by rather scattered fibers in reticulation… with a very irregular mesh size which averages more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDFD5BECB68FFBEFEEBFF57FE73FCF0" box="[376,446,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.” In addition, fiber measurements of de Laubenfels are 80‒150 µm, and pith diameter of 50‒110 µm. These skeletal elements were re-measured here on freshly prepared sections, exhibiting fiber diameters of 60‒110 µm, pith diameter of 20‒80 µm, and forming meshes of 500‒830 µm. A skeletal pattern far from being the scheme of the present new species, further differing by its general habit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98785BCB68FFBEFF54FFD8FA40FB21" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
Morphologic studies on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549CC6F9CB68FFBEFD97FFC7FDA9FC00" box="[516,612,944,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of “
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFD04FFC7FCC3FC00" box="[663,782,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
V”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFD55FFD8FCC3FC00" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[710,782,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">thiona</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and comparison with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFBE1FFD8FB3AFC00" authorityName="Wiedenmayer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1138,1271,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFBE1FFD8FB3AFC00" box="[1138,1271,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aiolochroia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus, proved that “
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFF46FFA2FE80FC25" box="[213,333,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
V”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFE96FFA3FE80FC25" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[261,333,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">thiona</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
shares more features with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFDEDFFA3FD2CFC25" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[638,737,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFDEDFFA3FD2CFC25" box="[638,737,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than with any other genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFBAFFFA3FB76FC25" authorityName="Bergquist" authorityYear="1978" box="[1084,1211,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Verongiida</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFB55FFA3FA51FC24" baseAuthorityName="Hyatt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1222,1436,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFB55FFA3FA51FC24" box="[1222,1436,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aiolochroia crassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in particular, exhibits a dendritic pattern and some reticulated areas in the subsurface region (occasionally in deeper areas too); it has erratic fibers of large diameter surpassing 500 µm, and has rounded distinctive conules (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB605AACB68FFBEFF04F848FE62FB90" box="[151,431,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref8658" refString="Bergquist, P. R. & Cook, S. D. C. (2002) Order Verongida Bergquist, 1978. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Fol. I. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London and Moscow, pp. 1081 - 1096. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 108" type="book chapter">Bergquist & Cook, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB605AACB68FFBEFE2FF848FD49FB90" box="[444,644,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" refId="ref9692" refString="Hajdu, E., Peixinho, S. & Fernandez, J. C. C. (2011) Esponjas Marinhas da Bahia: G uia de campo e laboratorio. Serie Livros 45. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 276 pp." type="book">
|
||
Hajdu
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFD9BF836FDF7FB90" box="[520,570,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The above stated morphologic features are not close to those seen in “
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFF30F812FED1FBB5" box="[163,284,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">
|
||
V”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFF47F813FED1FBB5" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[212,284,1124,1149]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">thiona</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, nor to those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFE4FF813FD85FBB4" authority="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero, 2018" authorityName="Gómez & González-Acosta & Sánchez-Ortíz & Hoffman & Hernández-Guerrero" authorityYear="2018" box="[476,584,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="airapii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFE4FF813FD85FBB4" box="[476,584,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. airapii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2601932CB68FFBEFDC1F813FD60FBB5" box="[594,685,1124,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFDC1F813FD60FBB5" bold="true" box="[594,685,1124,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The new species has a different dendritic structural arrangement; dendritic fibers have their origin on the uniplanar anastomosed framework, only present along the atrium wall. Besides, its conules are conical instead of rounded, it also has a unique color alive, not a variety of colors as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFA17F8DBFF2DFB20" baseAuthorityName="Hyatt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aiolochroia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFA17F8DBFF2DFB20" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">A. crassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The entire scenario leads to conclude that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFD55F8A6FCE4FB20" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1930" box="[710,809,1231,1256]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Verongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thiona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFD55F8A6FCE4FB20" box="[710,809,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">V. thiona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2703D8CB68FFBEFC38F8B8FBC0FB20" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1834" box="[939,1037,1231,1256]" class="Demospongiae" family="Aplysinidae" genus="Aplysina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Verongiida" pageId="10" pageNumber="332" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953A449CB68FFBEFC38F8B8FBC0FB20" box="[939,1037,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="332">Aplysina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with features proper of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |