397 lines
36 KiB
XML
397 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.588.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7751590" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="1" checkinTime="1679300158074" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Facco, Marlon Garlet & Cavalcanti, Taciana Barbosa" docDate="2023" docId="0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.588.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 588 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.2:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cuphea anisoclada Lourteig 1957" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1935" masterDocId="FFBBA30DFC2305400522DE040F2AFFF3" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic Revision of Cuphea sect. Trispermum s. l. (Lythraceae)" masterLastPageNumber="1935" masterPageNumber="1921" pageNumber="1921" updateTime="1679575441395" updateUser="jonas">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic Revision of Cuphea sect. Trispermum s. l. (Lythraceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Facco, Marlon Garlet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-4087-2706</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil & mgfbio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4087 - 2706</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mgfbio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cavalcanti, Taciana Barbosa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-1649-9830</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil & Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, 70770 - 917, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil & Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil & taciana. cavalcanti @ embrapa. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1649 - 9830 Corresponding author: mgfbio @ gmail. com & Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">taciana.cavalcanti@embrapa.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>588</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1921</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1935</mods:end>
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||
</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
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||
</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.588.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7751590</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8" pageId="14">
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||
<subSubSection box="[136,629,328,355]" pageId="14" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,328,427]" box="[136,629,328,355]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,383,328,355]" pageId="14">
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1.
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="32F32" authority="Lourteig (1957: 358)" authorityName="Lourteig" authorityPageNumber="358" authorityYear="1957" box="[163,625,328,355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[163,383,328,355]" italics="true" pageId="14">Cuphea anisoclada</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[389,625,328,355]" pageId="14" pagination="235 - 392" refId="ref56273" refString="Lourteig, A. (1957) Lythraceae. The Botany of the Guayana Highland, Part II. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 9 (3): 235 - 392." type="journal article" year="1957">Lourteig (1957: 358)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,328,427]" pageId="14">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1952-03-27" collectingDateMax="1952-03-28" collectingDateMin="1952-03-27" collectionCode="NY" collectorName="Maguire" country="Venezuela" county="Type" elevation="1200" location="Rio Aponguao" municipality="Gran Sabana" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar" typeStatus="holotype">
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Type:—
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<collectingCountry box="[725,897,328,354]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion box="[905,993,328,354]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="14">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality box="[1003,1149,328,354]" pageId="14">Gran Sabana</collectingMunicipality>
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, marshy area at headwaters of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E0587DF680E6CFE75" box="[165,326,364,390]" country="Venezuela" county="Type" municipality="Gran Sabana" name="Rio Aponguao" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Río Aponguao</location>
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[Aponwao river], alt.
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<quantity box="[571,663,364,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" unit="m" value="1200.0">
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<elevation box="[571,663,364,391]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" unit="m" value="1200.0">1,200 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date box="[673,887,364,391]" pageId="14" value="1952-03-27" valueMax="1952-03-28" valueMin="1952-03-27">
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<collectingDate box="[673,887,364,391]" pageId="14" value="1952-03-27" valueMax="1952-03-28" valueMin="1952-03-27">27–28 March 1952</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis box="[896,1067,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="14">
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<collectorName box="[896,991,365,390]" pageId="14">Maguire</collectorName>
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33644
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus box="[1080,1180,364,390]" pageId="14">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[1185,1224,365,391]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
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[00386498] image!, isotypes F image!, US image!).
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<figureCitation box="[493,623,400,426]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1564,1586]" captionTargetBox="[232,1352,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-35@18.[231,1354,193,1540]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 6. A–E. Cuphea anisoclada. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Lateral view of floral tube; D. Pistil; E. Seed. F–K. Cuphea antisyphilitica. F. Habit; G. Flowering branch; H. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; I. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; J. Pistil; K. Seed. A: Maguire 33644; B–E: Steyermark et al. 115626; F: Sevilha et al. 5684; G: Facco et al. 497; H–J: Facco et al. 490; K: Absy 187. Scale bar.A: 5 cm; C, H: 3 mm; D, I, J: 2 mm; E, K: 1 mm. Photo. F: Anderson Sevilha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751602/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs. 6A–E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[635,666,400,426]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="59.[136,229,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox="[280,1307,1148,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-31@59.[280,1307,1147,1983]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 18. Geographical distribution of Cuphea anisoclada, Cuphea congesta, Cuphea gracilis and Cuphea rionegrensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751624/files/figure.png" pageId="14">18</figureCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,264,472,498]" pageId="14">Subshrubs</emphasis>
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<quantity box="[272,384,472,499]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30–60 cm</quantity>
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tall; stems erect to decumbent, indumentum strigose, with one-armed or bifid-malpighiaceous trichomes, sometimes mixed with erect, eglandular trichomes, and sparse glandular trichomes ca.
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<quantity box="[1205,1268,508,535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long; internodes
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<quantity box="[136,240,544,571]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="14" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.3">0.3–3 cm</quantity>
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long; brachyblasts absent.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[546,628,544,570]" pageId="14">Leaves</emphasis>
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opposite, chartaceous, petioles
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<quantity box="[986,1080,544,571]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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long, blades 10–28 ×
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<quantity box="[1330,1447,544,571]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–8 mm</quantity>
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, narrow-elliptic to ovate-oblong, apex acute, base obtuse to subcordate, rarely acute, margin plane to subrevolute, one-armed appressed trichomes on both surfaces; brochidodromous, rarely secondary veins inconspicuous on adaxial surface.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[230,336,652,678]" pageId="14">Racemes</emphasis>
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<quantity box="[342,425,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 cm</quantity>
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long, frondose, rarely frondose-bracteose, simple to compound, elongated, indistinct; bracts 7–22 ×
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<quantity box="[220,315,688,715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">3–7 mm</quantity>
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, subequal pairs, similar to leaves in shape and indumentum.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[986,1081,688,714]" pageId="14">Flowers</emphasis>
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alternate; pedicels
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<quantity box="[1296,1388,688,715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
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long; bracteoles
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<quantity box="[259,397,724,751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.9 mm</quantity>
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long, ovate; floral tubes
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<quantity box="[689,812,724,751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 mm</quantity>
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long; calcar obtuse, deflexed; outer surface pale green, indumentum strigose, one-armed trichomes, with short glandular trichomes on the veins; inner surface villous behind the stamens, pilose around the ovary; petals 6, yellow, subequal, two dorsal ca. 3.4 ×
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<quantity box="[1110,1199,796,823]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
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, narrow-obovate, four ventral ca. 3.5 ×
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<quantity box="[325,413,832,859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
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, obovate; stamens free in the upper third of the floral tube, exserted; pistil
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<quantity box="[1252,1387,832,859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="5.699999999999999" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="5.6">5.6–5.8 mm</quantity>
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long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; ovules 3; nectary ca. 0.8 ×
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<quantity box="[783,870,868,895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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, deflexed.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[991,1058,868,894]" pageId="14">Seeds</emphasis>
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2–3, 1.7–1.8 ×
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<quantity box="[1231,1368,868,895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–1.9 mm</quantity>
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, broadobovate to suborbicular, apex slightly retuse, base obtuse, margin obtuse.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[189,1416,940,967]" pageId="14" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" box="[189,1416,940,967]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,940,966]" pageId="14">Phenology:</emphasis>
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—Collected with flowers from January to April and in October; with fruits from January to April.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,492,976,1002]" pageId="14">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
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—
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<collectingCountry box="[520,635,976,1002]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[651,735,976,1002]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="59.[136,229,2009,2031]" captionTargetBox="[280,1307,1148,1983]" captionTargetId="figure-31@59.[280,1307,1147,1983]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 18. Geographical distribution of Cuphea anisoclada, Cuphea congesta, Cuphea gracilis and Cuphea rionegrensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751624/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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), in
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<collectingRegion box="[785,903,976,1002]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="14">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion box="[960,1044,976,1002]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="14">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
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states (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[1130,1295,976,1003]" pageId="14" pagination="235 - 392" refId="ref56273" refString="Lourteig, A. (1957) Lythraceae. The Botany of the Guayana Highland, Part II. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 9 (3): 235 - 392." type="journal article" year="1957">
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<taxonomicName box="[1130,1228,976,1002]" genus="Lourteig" pageId="14" rank="genus">Lourteig</taxonomicName>
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1957
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[1307,1366,976,1002]" pageId="14" pagination="5 - 48" refId="ref56406" refString="Lourteig, A. (1987) Lythraceae Austroamericanae. Addenda et corrigenda II. Sellowia 39: 5 - 48." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[1378,1439,976,1002]" pageId="14" pagination="384 - 385" refId="ref56480" refString="Lourteig, A. (2007) Lythraceae. In: Funk, V., Hollowell, T., Berry, P., Kelloff, C. & Alexander, S. N. (Eds.) Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana) 55. Smithsonian Institution, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, Washington, D. C., pp. 384 - 385." type="book chapter" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
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); near waterfalls and sandy riverbanks of the Venezuelan savannas;
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<quantity box="[876,1017,1012,1039]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–1300 m</quantity>
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elev.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,435,1048,1074]" pageId="14">Conservation status:</emphasis>
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—
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<taxonomicName box="[463,679,1048,1074]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
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<emphasis box="[463,679,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="14">Cuphea anisoclada</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was categorized as Vulnerable (VU) B1ab(i,ii,iii), with EOO of
|
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<quantity metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" pageId="14" unit="km" value="7112.0">7,112 km</quantity>
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² and AOO of
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<quantity box="[323,395,1084,1113]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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². Increasing disturbances in the
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<collectingCountry box="[746,833,1084,1110]" name="Guyana" pageId="14">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shield region include mining and massive hydroelectric projects (
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<bibRefCitation author="Funk, V. & Hollowell, T. & Berry, P. & Kelloff, C. & Alexander, S. N." box="[239,430,1120,1146]" pageId="14" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref53640" refString="Funk, V., Hollowell, T., Berry, P., Kelloff, C. & Alexander, S. N. (2007) Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55: 1 - 584." type="journal article" year="2007">
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||
Funk
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||
<emphasis box="[306,362,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="14">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,448,1156,1182]" pageId="14">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
|
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—
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-02" collectingDateMax="1988-04-07" collectingDateMin="1946-10-09" collectionCode="F, NY, P" collectorName="Cardona" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" elevation="740" location="Manapiare" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[477,646,1156,1182]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[658,782,1156,1182]" pageId="14">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E063CDA800CB3FB6D" box="[798,921,1156,1182]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Manapiare" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Manapiare</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E0687DA800B7DFB6D" box="[933,1111,1156,1182]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Cerro Ualipano" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Cerro Ualipano</location>
|
||
, orillas del
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[1244,1389,1156,1182]" pageId="14">Río Parucito</collectingCounty>
|
||
, 6ºN, 65º43’W,
|
||
<date box="[250,420,1192,1218]" pageId="14" value="1962-02">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[250,420,1192,1218]" pageId="14" value="1962-02">February 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[433,597,1192,1218]" italics="true" pageId="14">
|
||
<collectorName box="[433,532,1192,1218]" pageId="14">Cardona</collectorName>
|
||
2924
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(US image!).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1955-01-13" collectingDateMax="1988-04-07" collectingDateMin="1946-10-09" collectionCode="F, NY, P" collectorName="Steyermark & Wurdack" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" elevation="740" location="Uriman" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[764,853,1191,1218]" pageId="14">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[764,853,1191,1218]" country="United States of America" name="Bolivar" pageId="14">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [Gran Sabana], island on rapids of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1276,1401,1192,1218]" pageId="14">Río Caroní</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
just below
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E05F1DAC80E01FB15" box="[211,299,1228,1254]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Uriman" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Urimán</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[311,499,1228,1255]" pageId="14" value="1955-01-13">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[311,499,1228,1255]" pageId="14" value="1955-01-13">13 January 1955</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[510,806,1228,1255]" italics="true" pageId="14">
|
||
<collectorName box="[510,638,1228,1254]" pageId="14">Steyermark</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName box="[673,772,1228,1254]" pageId="14">Wurdack</collectorName>
|
||
83
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[821,838,1228,1254]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
image!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[937,976,1229,1255]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
|
||
image!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1075,1096,1228,1254]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
!);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1978-02-22" collectingDateMax="1988-04-07" collectingDateMin="1946-10-09" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Steyermark" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" elevation="740" location="Salto de Aponguao" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
|
||
Gran Sabana, alrededores del
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E05AADAF40E48FAF9" box="[136,354,1264,1290]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Salto de Aponguao" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Salto de Aponguao</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[366,459,1264,1291]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="14" unit="km" value="42.5">
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[366,459,1264,1291]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" pageId="14" unit="km" value="42.5">42.5 km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
al noreste de la
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E07A4DAF40B62FAF9" box="[646,1096,1264,1290]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Mision de Santa Teresita de Kavanayen" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Misión de Santa Teresita de Kavanayén</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1108,1312,1264,1290]" pageId="14" value="1978-02-22">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1108,1312,1264,1290]" pageId="14" value="1978-02-22">22 February 1978</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14">
|
||
<collectorName box="[1324,1452,1264,1290]" pageId="14">Steyermark</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 115626
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[305,326,1300,1326]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
!);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1988-04-07" collectingDateMax="1988-04-07" collectingDateMin="1946-10-09" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Sastre" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" elevation="740" location="Rio Aponguao" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
|
||
Gran Sabana,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E0727DB100D87FADD" box="[517,685,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Rio Aponguao" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Río Aponguao</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E0798DB100C26FADD" box="[698,780,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Ibariba" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Ibariba</location>
|
||
, cerca del
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E06ABDB100B4CFADD" box="[905,1126,1300,1326]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Salto Chinak Meru" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Salto Chinak Merú</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1139,1302,1300,1326]" pageId="14" value="1988-04-07">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1139,1302,1300,1326]" pageId="14" value="1988-04-07">07 April 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14">
|
||
<collectorName box="[1315,1384,1301,1327]" pageId="14">Sastre</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 8527
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[211,232,1336,1362]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="14" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||
!);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1946-10-09" collectingDateMax="1988-04-07" collectingDateMin="1946-10-09" collectionCode="F, NY, P" collectorName="Cardona" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" elevation="740" location="Kurukuya" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" pageId="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bolivar">
|
||
Guayana, playas arenosas del raudal
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E078BDB3C0C36FAA1" box="[681,796,1336,1362]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="Kurukuya" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">Kurukuyá</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[809,883,1336,1363]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="14" unit="m" value="740.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[809,883,1336,1363]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="14" unit="m" value="740.0">740 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E06A3DB3C0CDDFAA1" box="[897,1015,1336,1362]" country="Venezuela" county="Rio Parucito" longitude="-65.71667" municipality="Rio Caroni" name="rio Caroni" pageId="14" stateProvince="Bolivar">río Caroní</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1028,1222,1336,1362]" pageId="14" value="1946-10-09">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1028,1222,1336,1362]" pageId="14" value="1946-10-09">09 October 1946</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1235,1398,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="14">Cardona 1783</emphasis>
|
||
(US image!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,407,1408,1434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,407,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="14">Cuphea anisoclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the five species with yellow petals in
|
||
<emphasis box="[943,962,1409,1435]" italics="true" pageId="14">C</emphasis>
|
||
. sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1034,1169,1409,1434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Balsamona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Trispermum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1034,1169,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="14">Trispermum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l., a rare feature within the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Graham, S. A. & Cavalcanti, T. B." box="[255,579,1444,1470]" pageId="14" pagination="24 - 30" refId="ref54292" refString="Graham, S. A. & Cavalcanti, T. B. (1999 a) The Yellow-Flowered Species of Cuphea (Lythraceae), Including Three New Taxa. Brittonia 51 (1): 24 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2666552" type="journal article" year="1999">Graham & Cavalcanti 1999a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The stem is covered with bifid-malpighiaceous or one-armed trichomes, with one of the arms very short, which refers to the specific epithet. It morphologically resembles the sympatric species
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Graham & Cavalcanti" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congesta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14">C. congesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is identified by the long floral tubes (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[730,817,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="28.[136,229,1777,1799]" captionTargetBox="[227,1358,393,1751]" captionTargetId="figure-122@28.[225,1359,392,1753]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 9. A–F. Cuphea congesta. A. Flowering branch; B. Detail of the leaves; C. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; D. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; E. Pistil; F. Seed. G–M. Cuphea cunninghamiifolia. G. Flowering branch; H. Detail of contracted bracteose raceme; I. Flower in frontal view; J. Floral tube in lateral view, without the petals; K. Floral tube in longitudinaldorsal section, without the petals; L. Pistil; M. Seed.A: Puig 2883; B–E: Steyermark 106332; F: Lopez & Palacios 3062; H, L: Cavalcanti et al. 3621; J, K, M: Ribeiro & Diniz-Neres 569. Scale bar.A: 5 cm; B–E: 3 mm; F, M: 1 mm; H: 1 cm; J–L: 2 mm. Photos. G, I: Maurício Mercadante." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751608/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity box="[836,956,1516,1543]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="15.0">15–21 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with saccate spur, and seeds
|
||
<quantity box="[1339,1452,1516,1543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.0">3–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. In
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[229,384,1552,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
|
||
<emphasis box="[229,384,1552,1579]" italics="true" pageId="14">C. anisoclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the floral tubes are smaller (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[709,797,1552,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1564,1586]" captionTargetBox="[232,1352,194,1538]" captionTargetId="figure-35@18.[231,1354,193,1540]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 6. A–E. Cuphea anisoclada. A. Habit; B. Detail of a branch; C. Lateral view of floral tube; D. Pistil; E. Seed. F–K. Cuphea antisyphilitica. F. Habit; G. Flowering branch; H. Floral tube in lateral view, without petals; I. Floral tube in longitudinal-dorsal section, without petals; J. Pistil; K. Seed. A: Maguire 33644; B–E: Steyermark et al. 115626; F: Sevilha et al. 5684; G: Facco et al. 497; H–J: Facco et al. 490; K: Absy 187. Scale bar.A: 5 cm; C, H: 3 mm; D, I, J: 2 mm; E, K: 1 mm. Photo. F: Anderson Sevilha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7751602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7751602/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity box="[817,937,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with obtuse spur, and seeds
|
||
<quantity box="[1317,1452,1552,1579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.7">1.7–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
|
||
The large savanna areas of the Gran Sabana southeast of
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[832,918,1624,1650]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="14">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[929,1047,1624,1650]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, located in the Guiana Shield (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Funk, V. & Hollowell, T. & Berry, P. & Kelloff, C. & Alexander, S. N." pageId="14" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref53640" refString="Funk, V., Hollowell, T., Berry, P., Kelloff, C. & Alexander, S. N. (2007) Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55: 1 - 584." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Funk
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,193,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), are the main areas where
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[569,726,1660,1687]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
|
||
<emphasis box="[569,726,1660,1687]" italics="true" pageId="14">C. anisoclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed. There is also a record for the mountainous region of northern
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[269,449,1696,1723]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="14">Amazonas state</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[461,580,1696,1722]" name="Venezuela" pageId="14">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The species is usually associated with waterfalls and sandy riverbanks, such as the Aponwao and Caroní rivers in Gran Sabana, and the
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382DB75FC2D054E05AADF4C0FD9F8B8:8EF43CB8FC2D054E063DD8C00C92F92D" box="[799,952,1732,1758]" country="Venezuela" name="Parucito river" pageId="14" stateProvince="Amazonas">Parucito river</location>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[986,1108,1732,1758]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="14">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[136,1452,472,1867]" pageId="14">
|
||
The specimens
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,597,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14">López-Palacios 3062</emphasis>
|
||
(P),
|
||
<emphasis box="[650,867,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14">Steyermark 106332</emphasis>
|
||
(P) and
|
||
<emphasis box="[959,1178,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="14">Cardona Puig 2883</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1192,1230,1768,1794]" name="United States of America" pageId="14">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
) were misidentified and erroneously cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lourteig, A." box="[423,602,1804,1830]" pageId="14" pagination="5 - 48" refId="ref56406" refString="Lourteig, A. (1987) Lythraceae Austroamericanae. Addenda et corrigenda II. Sellowia 39: 5 - 48." type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[423,519,1804,1830]" genus="Lourteig" pageId="14" rank="genus">Lourteig</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1987)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the examined material of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[930,1087,1804,1831]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anisoclada">
|
||
<emphasis box="[930,1087,1804,1831]" italics="true" pageId="14">C. anisoclada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These are representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Graham & Cavalcanti" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Cuphea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congesta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14">C. congesta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |