439 lines
39 KiB
XML
439 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9b15909-ea61-40d7-ba04-325b8af91669" ID-PMC="PMC5674090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-701-1" ID-PubMed="29118596" ID-ZBK="23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-701-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 701" ModsDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" checkinTime="1506095869158" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fisher, J. Ray, Fisher, Danielle M., Skvarla, Michael J., Nelson, Whitney A. & Dowling, Ashley P. G." docDate="2017" docId="4D8AB9D466E67C3DD142A824028A0B57" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 701: 1-496" docOrigin="ZooKeys 701" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" docTitle="Torrenticola nigroalba Habeeb 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3D440132FFABFFFC1505FFA0FFDDEA09" masterDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164828938" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, J. Ray</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Danielle M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nelson, Whitney A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dowling, Ashley P. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>701</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>496</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-701-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134839674" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D8AB9D466E67C3DD142A824028A0B57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D8AB9D466E67C3DD142A824028A0B57" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Habeeb, 1955" authorityName="Habeeb" authorityYear="1955" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba Habeeb, 1955</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
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Habeeb, 1955: 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">HOLOTYPE (♀): from Canada, New Brunswick, Victoria County, Salmon River, 21 Jun 1953, by H Habeeb, HH530075.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATYPES (0 ♀; 1 ♂): New Brunswick, Canada: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from Victoria County, Salmon River, 21 Jun 1953, by H Habeeb, HH530075.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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OTHER MATERIAL (83 ♀; 80 ♂): Alabama, USA: 2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Clay County, beside Forest Route 649, 0.8 kilometers northeast of road from Forest Route 600 to Campbell Springs, Talladega Creek, 2 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900075A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Cleburne County, beside Route 431, 3.3 kilometers southeast of Calhoun, Jackson Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.6">33°36'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-85.7">85°42'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900074
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from DeKalb County, Desoto State Park, beside Trail Y, West Fork of Little River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="34.483334">34°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-85.53333">85°32'W</geoCoordinate>
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), by IM Smith, IMS920053A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Georgia, USA: 1 ♂ from Chattooga County, Cloudland, beside Route 48, East Fork Little River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="34.52361">34°31'25"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-85.506386">85°30'23"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 29 Sep 2005, by IM Smith, IMS050110A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Floyd County, beside road from Everett Springs to Villanow, 1.8 kilometers south of The Pocket campground, Johns Creek, 4 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900076
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Kentucky, USA: 2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Bell County, Middlesboro, Sugar Run (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="36.633335">36°38'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-83.65">83°39'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 9 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900084
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Maine, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Aroostook County, Ashland, beside Route 11 at bridge, Aroostook River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="46.633335">46°38'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.4">68°24'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 4 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890067
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Aroostook County, beside Route 2A, 7 miles northeast of Macwahoc, Wytopitlock Stream, 5 Sep 1968, by DR Cook, DRC680063
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Aroostook County, Monticello, North Branch Meduxnekeag River, 28 Aug 1964, by DR Cook, DRC640042
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Franklin County, smalls Falls Picnic Area, beside Route 4, Sandy River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="44.866665">44°52'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.51667">70°31'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 5 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890069
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Piscataquis County, Baxter State Park, Trout Brook, 25 Jul 1980, by IM Smith, IMS800125A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ from Washington County, Old Stream, off Route 9, 5.5 km west of Route 192, 6 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120012
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Michigan, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Cheboygan County, Pigeon River, 23 Jun 1952, by DR Cook, DRC520023
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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New Brunswick, Canada: 1 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Charlotte County, Rollingham, Digdegaush River, beside Highway 770, 30 Jun 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890053
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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8 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Charlotte County, Rollingham, Digdegaush River, beside Highway 770, 3 Oct 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110118
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Northumberland County, beside Highway 108, Renous River, 18 Jul 1980, by IM Smith, IMS800111
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Restigouche County, Mount Carleton Provincial Park, Nictau River, 16 Jul 1980, by IM Smith, IMS800109
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Victoria County, near Limestone, small stream, 26 Aug 1964, by DR Cook, DRC640036
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 3 ♂ from York County, beside Highway 3, just east of Thomaston Corners, Magaguadavic River, 1 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890055A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, beside Highway 8, 1.7 kilometers north of Durham Bridge Road, Nashwaak River, 2 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890058
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, beside Highway 107, 27.3 kilometers west of Road J-19, North Branch of Southwest Miramichi River, 22 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810092B
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, beside Road J-19, 6.3 kilometers north of Nashwaak Experimental Watershed headquarters, Napadogan Brook, 23 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810095A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, Nashwaak Experimental Watershed, Narrow Mountain Brook, 21 Jul 1980, by IM Smith, IMS800120A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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New Hampshire, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Coos County, White Mountain National Forest, Zealand Picnic Area, Ammonoosuc River, 29 Jul 1980, by IM Smith, IMS800130
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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New Jersey, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Sussex County, beside Flatbrook Road, 2.6 kilometers north of Route 206 at Tuttles Corner, Big Flat Brook, 23 Jun 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900053
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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New York, USA: 3 ♂ from Essex County, beside Route 28N, 13.8 kilometers northwest of Morse Memorial Parkway at Minerva, Boreas River, 21 Jun 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900050A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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North Carolina, USA: 3 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Haywood County, Great Smokey Mountains National Park, Big Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.751087">35°45'3.92"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-83.108795">83°6'31.67"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 15 Sep 2009, by AJ Radwell, AJR090008A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Swain County, Oconaluftee River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.542988">35°32'34.76"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-83.303925">83°18'14.13"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 6 Aug 2008, by AJ Radwell, AJR080019A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Yancey County, Lost Cove Picnic Area on Forest Route 472, 2.8 kilometers south of Route 80, South Toe River, 28 Jun 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900065A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Nova Scotia, Canada: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Antigonish County, Antigonish, West River, 1 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810050
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Cape Brenton Highlands National Park, beside Cabot Trail, south of Neils Harbour, Halfway Brook, 4 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810058
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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5 ♀ and 3 ♂ from Cape Brenton Highlands National Park, picnic area above Mary Ann Falls, Mar Ann Brook, 5 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810060
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Cape Brenton Island, Victoria County, Ingonish, beside Cabot Trail, Dundas Brook, 11 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810074
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ from Inverness, Cheticamp River, 10 Sep 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110071
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Luneburg County, New Germany, LaHave River, beside Highway 10, 23 Sep 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110098
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Colchester County, Wentworth, picnic area beside Highway 104, tributary of Wallace River, 19 Jul 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810085
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Ontario, Canada: 1 ♂ from Algoma District, Lake Superior Provincial Park, Agawa River, 28 Aug, 1965, by DR Cook, DRC650001
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Grey County, Durham, beside County Road 27, near Durnham Conservation Area, Saugeen River, 9 Jun 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890028A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Hastings County, Madawaska, beside Highway 60, Opeongo River, 29 Aug 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810033A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Hastings County, Maple Leaf, Papineau Creek, east of Davis Road before Highway 62, 18 Aug 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110053
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Lanark County, beside Lanark Road #12, between Lanark and Fallbrook, Mississippi River, 6 October 1983, by IM Smith & CJ Hill, IMS830094A & IMS830094B
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Muskoka District, Huntsville, East River Xing road to Dyer Memorial, 26 Aug 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810032A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Nipissing District, Algonquin Provincial Park, at Highway 60, near Lake of Two Rivers, Madawaska River, 15 May 1980, by IM Smith & CJ Hill, IMS800004B & IMS800004C
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Peterborough County, crossing Highway 28 at picnic area just north of Woodview, Eels Creek, 13 Jun 1981, by IM Smith, IMS810018A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Thunder Bay District, Rossport, Rossport Provincial Campground, off Highway 17, McLeans Creek, 3 Aug 1988, by IM Smith, IMS880065
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Pennsylvania, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Fayette County, Dunbar Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="39.93778">39°56'16"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-79.584366">79°35'3.70"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 Aug 2014, by MJ Skvarla, MS 14-0810-002
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Fayette County, off Meadow Run Road, Laurel Run (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="39.84944">39°50'58"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-79.51417">79°30'51"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 Aug 2014, by MJ Skvarla, MS 14-0810-005
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Quebec, Canada: 1 ♂ from Stanstead County, Tompkin Stream, Tomifobia River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="45.00861">45°0'31"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-72.11833">72°7'6"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 20 Aug 1996, by IM Smith & M MacKenzie, IMS960056
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Tennessee, USA: 2 ♀ from Blount County, Great Smokey Mountains National Park, Cades Cove, Abrams River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="35.59194">35°35'31"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-83.855835">83°51'21"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 17 Sep 2010, IMS100141
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 6 ♂ from Monroe County, Turkey Creek at confluence with Tellico River, 12 Sep 2009, by AJ Radwell, AJR090004
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Sevier County, Great Smokey Mountains National Park, middle prong Little Pigeon River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="35.725555">35°43'32"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-83.40056">83°24'2"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 2 Sep 2009, by IM Smith, IMS090093
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Vermont, USA: 2 ♀ from Addison County, beside road from Lincoln to Ripton, Middlebury River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="44.0">44°0'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.01667">73°1'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 6 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890075
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Addison County, Lincoln, beside US Forest Service Road #54, Haven River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="44.1">44°6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.98333">72°59'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 6 Jul 1989, by IM Smith, IMS890074
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Virginia, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Alleghany County, Covington, beside Route 18, 0.5 kilometers north of Route 657, Potts Creek, 13 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900091A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Amherst County, Upper Otter Creek Overlook beside Blue Ridge, Otter Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="37.615833">37°36'57"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-79.324165">79°19'27"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 7 Sep 2007, by IM Smith, IMS070056A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Bath County, beside Route 287, 2.4 kilometers south of Bacova, Cowardin Run, 15 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900097
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Bath County, beside Forest Route 1843, 3.5 kilometers south of Route 220, Jackson River, 16 Jul 1990, IMS900100
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
1 ♀ from Giles County, Mechanicsburg, beside Dismal Creek Road, Standrock Brook (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="37.19389">37°11'38"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-80.89056">80°53'26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 9 Sep 2005, by IM Smith, IMS050066
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
3 ♂ from Highland County, 4.8 kilometers northwest of McDowell, Crab Run, 23 Jul 1964, by DR Cook, DRC640013
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
1 ♀ from Montgomery County, Blacksburg, beside Route 321 at Caldwell, Craig Creek (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="37.333332">37°20'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-80.333336">80°20'W</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), 12 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900089A
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Page County, beside Route 730, 0.2 kilometers west of Route 675, Passage Creek, 25 Jun 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900059
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
2 ♀ and 2 ♂ from Washington County, Damascus, beside Route 58 near boundary of Mount Rogers National Recreation Area, Laurel River, 10 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900085A
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
|
|
West Virginia, USA: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Randolph County, Laurel Fork Campground, off Forest Route 14, south of Wymer, Laurel Fork of Cheat River, 17 Jul 1990, by IM Smith, IMS900102.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
are similar to other members of the Nigroalba Group (
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dentirostra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentirostra">T. dentirostra</taxonomicName>
|
|
) in being small, slightly elongate, having purple dorsal coloration restricted posteriorly, and having distinct yet poorly-defined hind coxal margins.
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be differentiated from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
in having tuberculate pedipalp femoral extension (flange-like and anteriorly-directed in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
); a shorter anterior venter (200-223 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 235-265 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
); and more elongate pedipalpal tibiae (length/ width ♀ = 5.38-5.83 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.79-5.00 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
; ♂ = 5.08-5.33 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.40-4.86 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be differentiated from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dentirostra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentirostra">T. dentirostra</taxonomicName>
|
|
by having a smooth rostrum (
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dentirostra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentirostra">T. dentirostra</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a dentate bump midway on the dorsal edge of the rostrum) and by having more elongate pedipalpal tibiae (length/width ♀ = 5.3-5.9 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.5-5.0 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dentirostra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentirostra">T. dentirostra</taxonomicName>
|
|
; ♂ = 5.0-5.4 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 4.5-4.7 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dentirostra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dentirostra">T. dentirostra</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be differentiated from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
by lacking orangish coloration immediately anterior to the purple dorsal coloration, although rarely specimens have been found with this coloration. Female
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
are also slightly larger (500-530 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 475-500 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
); have a thinner gnathosomal bay (length/width = 1.25-1.55 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 1.3-1.5 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
); and have a slightly thicker subcapitulum (3.00-3.14 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 3.14-3.30 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Male
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
also have a longer medial suture with respect to the anterior venter (anterior venter/medial suture = 2.54-2.77 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 2.87-3.26 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and a thinner dorsum (290-300 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 305-320 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Other
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
|
|
with purple dorsal coloration restricted posteriorly can be confused with
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, such as
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tahoei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tahoei">T. tahoei</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. oregonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="oregonensis">T. oregonensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Both of these species are larger (dorsum length ♀ = 500-530 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 600-810 in others; ♂ = 440-455 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
, 560-820 in others) and distributed in the west (
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
is eastern).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀) and allotype (♂) deposited in the CNC.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Re-description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 165) (n = 6) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (500-530 (510) long; 330-365 (350) wide) ovoid with bluish-purple to purple coloration restricted posteriorly (rarely with faint orange at the anterior edge of the purple, especially medially). Anterio-medial platelets (105-112.5 (105) long; 40-47.5 (40) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (145-160 (157.5) long; 46.25-52.5 (50) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 230-260 (245)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.42-1.53 (1.46); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.33-1.46 (1.43); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.32-2.65 (2.63); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.90-3.26 (3.15); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.29-1.51 (1.50).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (280-298 long (ventral); 197.5-220 long (dorsal); 92.5-97.5 tall) elongate and colorless. Rostrum (102.5-112.5 long; 35-40 wide). Chelicerae (273-287 long) with curved fangs (40-53 long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 3.03-3.14; rostrum length/width 2.81-3.10. Pedipalps elongate (especially tibiae) with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua ending broadly and dentate. Palpomeres: trochanter (30-35 (32.5) long); femur (90-95 (95) long); genu (55-57.5 (57.5) long); tibia (85-92.5 (87.5) long; 15-16.25 (13.75) wide); tarsus (12.5-15 (12.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.64-1.73 (1.65); tibia/femur 0.92-0.97 (0.92); tibia length/width 5.38-5.83 (5.38).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (620-660 (640) long; 340-430 (430) wide) with faint bluish purple or purple coloration. Gnathosomal bay (110-120 (110) long; 72.5-82.5 (82.5) wide). Cxgl-4 far from apex. Medial suture (50-55 (55) long). Genital plates (135-142.5 (137.5) long; 122.5-132.5 (123.75) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (243-250 (250) long (total); 98-140 (140) long (medial)); Cx-3 (239-285 (285) wide); anterior venter (200-212.5 (203.75) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.33-1.55 (1.33); anterior venter/genital field length 1.42-1.53 (1.48); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.51-1.68 (1.65); anterior venter/medial suture 3.70-4.25 (3.70).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 166) (n = 6) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (440-455 (455) long; 290-300 (295) wide) ovoid with bluish-purple to purple coloration restricted posteriorly. Anterio-medial platelets (92.5-100 (97.5) long; 35-42.5 (35) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (137.5-150 (142.5) long; 40-47.5 (47.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 205-225 (225)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.50-1.55 (1.54); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.31-1.41 (1.31); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.26-2.86 (2.79); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 3.00-3.63 (3.00); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.38-1.58 (1.46).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (247.5-260 (250) long (ventral); 181-188.75 (188.75) long (dorsal); 77.5-82.5 (82.5) tall) elongate and colorless. Rostrum (92.5-97.5 (97.5) long; 32.5-35 (32.5) wide). Chelicerae (225-237.5 (237.5) long) with curved fangs (35-40 (40) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 3.03-3.23 (3.03); rostrum length/width 2.79-3.00 (3.00). Pedipalps elongate (especially tibiae) with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua ending broadly and dentate. Palpomeres: trochanter (25-30 (25) long); femur (77.5-82.5 (78.75) long); genu (50-55 (50) long); tibia (76.25-83.75 (80) long; 15-16.25 (15) wide); tarsus (15-17.5 (17.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.50-1.65 (1.58); tibia/femur 0.95-1.05 (1.02); tibia length/width 5.08-5.33 (5.33).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (550-570 (550) long; 313-380 (370) wide) with faint bluish purple or purple coloration. Gnathosomal bay (100-107.5 (102.5) long; 60-70 (67.5) wide). Cxgl-4 far from apex. Medial suture (77.5-87.5 (80) long). Genital plates (105-118.75 (118.75) long; 85-92.5 (90) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (216-237 (235) long (total); 97-135 (127.5) long (medial)); Cx-3 (230-263 (255) wide); anterior venter (212.5-222.5 (215) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.43-1.75 (1.52); anterior venter/genital field length 1.81-2.12 (1.81); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.32-2.51 (2.39); anterior venter/medial suture 2.54-2.77 (2.69).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habeeb (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
did not specify an etymology for the specific epithet (
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
). However, surely this name refers to the dorsal coloration being half pigmented (purple) and half unpigmented (yellow), although
|
|
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habeeb (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
identified these colors as black and white (niger, L. black; albus, L. white).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Northeastern and southward throughout the Appalachians (Figure 164).
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
was previously known only from Albert County, New Brunswick; we extend its distribution throughout the Appalachians and into Ottawa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Figure 164.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
distribution.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Figure 165.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
female: A dorsal plates, note variation B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Figure 166.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola nigroalba" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroalba">Torrenticola nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
groups with other members of the Raptor Complex with high support in all analyses and specimens are less than 1% different in COI sequence from each other. In all analyses,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. nigroalba" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigroalba">T. nigroalba</taxonomicName>
|
|
groups with two other morphologically similar species:
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. flangipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flangipalpa">T. flangipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. solisorta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solisorta">T. solisorta</taxonomicName>
|
|
. These three species are greater than 12% different from each other in COI sequence. That clade of three species corresponds to an identification group, the Nigroalba Group, the members of which are easily differentiated by their size, coloration, long medial suture in females, and overall appearance.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species hypothesis is supported by low COI divergence within the species (0-2%) and high divergence between species (3-15%), and by the morphological characters outlined in the diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |