197 lines
21 KiB
XML
197 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30d1c76a-41e1-4f66-9fb5-460bf381f752" ID-PMC="PMC5711039" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-700-1" ID-PubMed="29358897" ID-ZBK="EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-700-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 700" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1506009303549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heterick, Brian E., Castalanelli, Mark & Shattuck, Steve O." docDate="2017" docId="DBAA30CF287A860BD12FF69863A6E052" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 700: 1-420" docOrigin="ZooKeys 700" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" docTitle="Melophorus ankylochaetes Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8B43EC5C-23EC-433D-A08B-BE9453F59184" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="206" masterDocId="FF93E60CA711CB7BFF95D521FFFDFF9A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="204" updateTime="1668164819442" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Heterick, Brian E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castalanelli, Mark</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shattuck, Steve O.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>700</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>420</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-700-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150814499" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B43EC5C-23EC-433D-A08B-BE9453F59184" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DBAA30CF287A860BD12FF69863A6E052" lastPageId="205" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="203" pageNumber="204">
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<subSubSection pageId="203" pageNumber="204" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/8B43EC5C-23EC-433D-A08B-BE9453F59184" authority="Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="203" pageNumber="204">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="203" pageNumber="204" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">
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Holotype minor worker from Kwelkan
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-31.143333">31°08'36"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="117.99528">117°59'43"E</geoCoordinate>
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, Western Australia, 12 March 2006,
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Russell, Hand collected, grid survey [JDM32-001990] (WAM). Paratypes: major, media and two minor workers from 17 km S of Rabbit Flat, Northern Territory, 19 May 1986, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, (8), 8 (ANIC); 3 major workers from Finley, New South Wales, 16 February 1934, W. B. White [ANIC32-900091] (BMNH); 3 minor workers from 21 km S of Yuendumu, Northern Territory, 24 May 1986, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, (5), (MCZ); major worker from 29 km NNW of Balfour Downs
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-22.544167">22°32'39"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="120.799164">120°47'57"E</geoCoordinate>
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, Western Australia, 14 May 2006-13 August 2006, CALM Pilbara Survey, Site BDRN07: Ethylene glycol pitfalls [JDM32-004761] (SAM); 3 minor workers from 12 km N of Billabong RH
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-26.733334">26°44'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="114.583336">114°35'E</geoCoordinate>
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, Western Australia, 11 December 2001, Heterick, B.E., Light scrub: red soil: am [JDM32-001993] (WAM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="203" pageNumber="204" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">
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Northern Territory: Bessie Spring, 8 km ESE Cape Crawford (Feehan, J.E.), Jabiru (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), Kunoth Paddock, near Alice Springs (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), Kunoth Paddock, near Alice Springs (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), Tennant Creek (Field, J.F.). Queensland:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Gumbardo’">'Gumbardo'</normalizedToken>
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(Beutel, T.),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Merigol’">'Merigol'</normalizedToken>
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(Beutel, T.),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Paingo’">'Paingo'</normalizedToken>
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turnoff (Monteith & Cook), 20 km S Winton (nr. Bladensburg Natl. Pk.) (Shattuck, S.O. [ANIC32-039878]), 26 mi NNW Mt. Isa (Dowse, J.E.), St. George (Lowery, B.B.). Western Australia: 1 km W Canna (Heterick, B.E. [M321]), 30 km SE Kambalda (Walliss, N. [JDM32-004715]), G. J. Rd, 108 km E Carnarvon (Heterick, B.E. [M304]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="204" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="203" pageNumber="204">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="204" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="203" pageNumber="204">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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can be placed in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
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species-group on the basis of characters of the clypeus, propodeum, mandible and palps. The species is also placed in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fieldi" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="species" species="fieldi">M. fieldi</taxonomicName>
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species-complex because of the appearance of the anteriorly placed clypeal psammophore, the compact propodeum, the presence of more than one preapical spine on the metatibia, at least in the major worker, the long, even spindly legs, and the unmodified mandible in the major worker. Furthermore, this species clusters with several others in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fieldi" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" rank="species" species="fieldi">M. fieldi</taxonomicName>
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complex which share the following characters:
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<pageBreakToken pageId="204" pageNumber="205" start="start">gaster</pageBreakToken>
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with curved erect setae, semi-erect setae and a few decumbent setae only, genuine appressed setae lacking; the body generally strongly sculptured and hirsute and the antennal scapes and legs with whorls of many fine, straight setae.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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is distinguishable from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. incisus" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" rank="species" species="incisus">M. incisus</taxonomicName>
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as the mesonotum and propodeum are not globose; the mesonotum being separated from the mesopleuron and propodeum by a weak groove or indentation.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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can also be distinguished from populations of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus hirsutipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutipes">Melophorus hirsutipes</taxonomicName>
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with the '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pillipes" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" rank="species" species="pillipes">pillipes</taxonomicName>
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' condition because of the narrow, squamiform petiolar node of major and media workers (when viewed in profile) and the shiny appearance of the head (more matt and even rugulose in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hirsutipes" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" rank="species" species="hirsutipes">M. hirsutipes</taxonomicName>
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). The minor worker is not so distinctive, but can still be separated from the minor worker of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hirsutipes" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" rank="species" species="hirsutipes">M. hirsutipes</taxonomicName>
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("
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pillipes" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" rank="species" species="pillipes">pillipes</taxonomicName>
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") by the more shining appearance of the head and anterior mesosoma and by its rounded propodeum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="204" pageNumber="205" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="204" pageNumber="205">Minor worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="204" pageNumber="205">
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Head. Head square; posterior margin of head weakly convex; frons striolate anteriad, smooth and shining posteriad; pilosity of frons a mixture of short, erect and semi-erect setae interspersed with shorter decumbent setae and well-spaced, short, appressed setae. Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of side of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set at about midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical or slightly reniform. In full-face view, frontal carinae straight or weakly convex; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anteromedial clypeal margin convex, weakly acuminate anteromedially; clypeal psammophore set at or above midpoint of clypeus; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in minor worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately vertical or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining and mainly smooth, vestigial shagreenation most noticeable on humeri and mesopleuron; anterior mesosoma in profile smoothly rounded anteriad, thereafter pronotum and whole of mesonotum flattened and on same plane as propodeum; appearance of erect pronotal setae long (i.e., longest erect setae longer than length of eye) and unmodified; in profile, metanotal groove a narrow but deep slit; propodeum shining, with multiple hair like striolae, or shining and uniformly striolate; propodeum smoothly rounded or with indistinct angle; propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae present and abundant (greater than 12); appressed propodeal setulae long and separated by at least own length; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and shorter (length <0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded; node shining and smooth throughout. Gaster. Gaster smooth and glossy; pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting wholly or mainly of long, curved setae, appressed setae apparently absent. General characters. Colour mainly foreparts russet with gaster blackish-brown; more rarely concolorous blackish-brown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="205" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="204" pageNumber="205" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="204" pageNumber="205">Major worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="205" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="204" pageNumber="205">
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Head. Head horizontally rectangular, broader than wide; posterior margin of head weakly concave; cuticle of frons shining and smooth except for piliferous pits and a few striolae around antennal insertion sand frontal carinae; pilosity of frons a mixture of well-spaced, distinctly longer erect and semi-erect setae
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<pageBreakToken pageId="205" pageNumber="206" start="start">interspersed</pageBreakToken>
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with shorter decumbent setae. Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set at about midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical. In full-face view, frontal carinae straight, divergent posteriad; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anterior clypeal margin broadly convex with anteromedial dimple; clypeal psammophore set at or above midpoint of clypeus; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in major worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four, or absent; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately aligned vertically or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining with indistinct microsculpture that is most pronounced on lower surfaces; anterior mesosoma in profile pronotum smoothly rounded anteriad and flattened posteriad, mesonotum narrowly convex; erect pronotal setae long (i.e., longer than length of eye) and unmodified; in profile, metanotal groove deep, V-shaped; propodeum shining and finely striolate and microreticulate; propodeum smoothly rounded or with indistinct angle, or angulate, propodeal angle blunt; length ratio of propodeal dorsum to its declivity between 1:1 and 1:2, or not applicable, propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae present and abundant (at least a dozen); appressed propodeal setae long, each reaching setae behind and in front, but not forming pubescence; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and shorter (length less than 0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded, or tapered with blunt vertex; node shining and faintly shagreenate-microreticulate. Gaster. Gaster shining with superficial microreticulation; pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting mainly of well-spaced short, semi-erect and decumbent setae. General characters. Colour of foreparts dark orange tan, gaster blackish-brown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="205" pageNumber="206" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">Worker (n = 6): CI 101-126; EI 19-38; EL 0.20-0.33; HL 0.51-1.39; HW 0.52-1.76; ML 0.71-.1.71; MTL 0.43-1.12; PpH 0.07-0.20; PpL 0.27-0.65; SI 63-118; SL 0.61-1.12.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="205" pageNumber="206" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">
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Unlike some related taxa,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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is easy to characterize as a shining and very hairy
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
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, with many fine, flexuous setae on the body, curved erect and suberect setae only on the first gastral tergite and whorls of '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pillipes" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="pillipes">pillipes</taxonomicName>
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'-type setae on the tibiae. Populations of the ant without the '
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<taxonomicName lsidName="pillipes" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="pillipes">pillipes</taxonomicName>
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' condition may occur (given its position within the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fieldi" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="fieldi">M. fieldi</taxonomicName>
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complex), but the other characters mentioned should still enable specimens to be recognized. Genetic sequencing strongly supports this species as a sister to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. incisus" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="incisus">M. incisus</taxonomicName>
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(which has a similar vestiture on the gaster) within the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. fieldi" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="fieldi">M. fieldi</taxonomicName>
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complex, but
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. ankylochaetes" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">M. ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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does not have such deep sulci between the mesosomal anatomical regions (e.g., especially the anepisternum and katepisternum).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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has a broad distribution in the northern states (NSW, NT, QLD and WA) and probably also occurs in northern SA, but is unlikely to be found in Victoria or Tasmania. Ecological data are lacking, but the ant has been found in box-pine scrub over red soil (QLD) and foraging on the ground in mallee (WA).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="205" pageNumber="206" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">
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Compound of Greek ankylos (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘crooked’">'crooked'</normalizedToken>
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) plus Greek
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<normalizedToken originalValue="khaitē">khaitē</normalizedToken>
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'long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="hair’">hair'</normalizedToken>
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(here,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘bristle’">'bristle'</normalizedToken>
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); noun in the nominative plural standing in apposition to the generic name.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="205" pageNumber="206">
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<paragraph pageId="205" pageNumber="206">
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Figure 52.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus ankylochaetes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="205" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankylochaetes">Melophorus ankylochaetes</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: major worker paratype (JDM32-004761) frons (a), profile (b) and dorsum (c); minor worker holotype (JDM32-001990) frons (d), profile (e) and dorsum (f); distribution map for the species (g). Low resolution scale bars: 1 mm (b, c); 0.5 mm (a, e, f); 0.2 mm (d).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |