363 lines
44 KiB
XML
363 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="689F8523D6856D9FEAC16F5A156340BC" ID-CLB-Dataset="4551" ID-DOI="10.1206/3892.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4f6a6ead-8c30-41fe-9ab4-68df2b127e83" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369634" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630263934173" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Silva, Vera Cristina & Brown, Brian V." docDate="2018" docId="DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B" docLanguage="en" docName="N3892.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2018 (3892)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3892.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Puyehuemyia chandleri Amorim & Silva & Brown 2018, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="277AC85FFFF6FFA912466F75F018FFF3" masterDocTitle="Puyehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Diptera: Opetiidae): remnant of a Cretaceous biota in Chile" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1699230318839" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6256635A8CF5F0F25B37C9C51C2790D8">Puyehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Diptera: Opetiidae): remnant of a Cretaceous biota in Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2AE2A0662073298A5BFF0D9B011FE020" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8B6005DD6448B999E9D22C3442ACC687">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F291B368EBF03AC57ADE5957ABB9B42F">Amorim, Dalton De Souza</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C336AE099952747178A55B457CC3E1EB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6389E1DF62C29DC103B3921473E88A42">Silva, Vera Cristina</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C957D7F4AEB4533861517ACB509DB223" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D17CA95091848F39E112558B765C1C2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="27A572DDBA975035BAC6034BEA0441E4">Brown, Brian V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="08CFC3C45141056F370A8B5E51E50BDB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A66FD33324D478ABCF14949DB905E625">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4C20D49068EC6FCF165B5896FEB60BBA">
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<mods:date id="B51B202EC864EA23231B5531E379DBA1">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9BD73380E1240F93AAEAB8B376C37097">2018-02-21</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="AAF3460C73D7CBDAE6B998143DBD9A86" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F38E795671AE90BD89A110376BD69D80">2018</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="544C2486BE6A7561C992EB4D8D7F3085" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4073F8495491DDEC1E4384FEDA24C89C">3892</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D34887FA20371E807EE160BA69650FE5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="BAC13F14119018EE62322E69F2522FAF">
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<mods:url id="12E30B453F259CA7F00D2BBE21622FD1">http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3892.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="1607959A36825931D88A00BD17739B03">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FA2CDFC98294F469DF92A9578BCFDC4E" type="CLB-Dataset">4551</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="596BF88551171AB4753A6B1CDEE89AAB" type="DOI">10.1206/3892.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5463441" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185325184" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5463441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF5FFAA13FE6C43F368FCA2" box="[440,880,822,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA13FE6C43F368FCA2" blockId="3.[440,880,822,849]" box="[440,880,822,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<heading id="081DB65DFFF5FFAA13FE6C43F368FCA2" box="[440,880,822,849]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF5FFAA13FE6C43F2CFFCA2" ID-CoL="8DKF7" authority="Amorim & Silva & Brown, 2018" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[440,727,822,849]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puyehuemyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF5FFAA13FE6C43F2CFFCA2" bold="true" box="[440,727,822,849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Puyehuemyia chandleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AAD6058FFF5FFAA10A36C42F368FCA2" box="[741,880,823,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF5FFAA10766C1AF2E1FC7A" box="[560,761,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA10766C1AF2E1FC7A" blockId="3.[560,761,879,905]" box="[560,761,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<heading id="081DB65DFFF5FFAA10766C1AF2E1FC7A" box="[560,761,879,905]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="7">
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||
<figureCitation id="CBD11DB4FFF5FFAA10766C1AF2A3FC7A" box="[560,699,879,905]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[108,194,1652,1673]" captionStartId-1="5.[108,194,1330,1351]" captionStartId-2="6.[108,194,1374,1395]" captionTargetBox-0="[108,1212,231,1624]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1206,224,1247]" captionTargetBox-2="[120,1199,224,1347]" captionTargetId-0="figure-7@4.[108,1212,224,1624]" captionTargetId-2="figure-101@6.[120,1199,224,1347]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Puehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov, sp. nov., female holotype: A, habitus; B, head, dorsal view; C, head, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Puehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov, sp. nov., female holotype: A, thorax, dorsal view; B, thorax, lateral view; C, wing. Black arrow points to the short displacement of the katepisternum under the mesepimeron, white arrows points to the partial suture between mesopleurotrochantim and meron. Abbreviations: Anp, anepisternum; Ha, haltere; Ktp, katepisternum; Ltg, laterotergite; Mdt, mediotergite; Me, meron; Mes, mesepimeron; Pre, proepimeron; Prp, proepisternum; T1, abdominal tergite 1; S1, abdominal sternite 1." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Puehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov., female holotype: A, wing tip; B, wing base—seta shows broken base of M4; C, abdomen, dorsal view; D, detail of terminalia, dorsal view. T4–6, abdominal tergites 4–6. Abbreviation of wing veins follows standard terminology." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369636" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369638" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369640" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5369636/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5369638/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5369640/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CBD11DB4FFF5FFAA108E6C1AF2E1FC7A" box="[712,761,879,905]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[108,194,1700,1721]" captionText="FIGURE 12. Detail of venation at base of wing of Muscomorpha families: A, Puehuemyia chandleri, gen. nov., sp. nov.; B, Opetia nigra Meigen." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">12A</figureCitation>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF5FFAA12DA6CD2F258FBF8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA12DA6CD2F258FBF8" blockId="3.[108,1214,934,1708]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<materialsCitation id="E3820B6CFFF5FFAA12DA6CD2F258FBF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3340152301" collectingDate="2017-01-14" collectingDateMax="2017-02-03" collectingDateMin="2017-01-14" collectionCode="V, MNHN" collectorName="D. S. Amorim & C. Silva" country="Chile" county="Sendero Rapido del Chanleufu" location="Osorno" municipality="Termas Aguas Calientes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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MATERIAL EXAMINED:
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<typeStatus id="8C51BF93FFF5FFAA13E16CD2F20EFC32" box="[423,534,935,961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, female,
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||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF5FFAA103C6CD3F2A4FC33" bold="true" box="[634,700,934,960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||
<collectingCountry id="2BFD41A1FFF5FFAA103C6CD3F2A4FC33" box="[634,700,934,960]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Chile</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<location id="563557EAFFF5FFAA108C6CD2F33CFC32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B:563557EAFFF5FFAA108C6CD2F33CFC32" box="[714,804,935,961]" country="Chile" county="Sendero Rapido del Chanleufu" municipality="Termas Aguas Calientes" name="Osorno" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Osorno</location>
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||
,
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||
<location id="563557EAFFF5FFAA11696CD2F443FC32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DB43B027FFF5FFA113FE6C43F44EF92B:563557EAFFF5FFAA11696CD2F443FC32" box="[815,1115,935,961]" country="Chile" county="Sendero Rapido del Chanleufu" municipality="Termas Aguas Calientes" name="Parque Nacional Puyehue" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Parque Nacional Puyehue</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="B3319B4BFFF5FFAA16206CD2F12AFC15" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Termas Aguas Calientes</collectingMunicipality>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCounty id="BA3479BDFFF5FFAA13056CB9F2DAFC15" box="[323,706,972,998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sendero Rápido del Chanleufú</collectingCounty>
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,
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||
<collectingMethod id="8AAB7926FFF5FFAA10946CB9F374FC14" box="[722,876,972,999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
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||
,
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||
<date id="275427F1FFF5FFAA113A6CB8F463FC15" box="[892,1147,972,999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2017-01-14" valueMax="2017-02-03" valueMin="2017-01-14">
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||
<collectingDate id="3710DE19FFF5FFAA113A6CB8F463FC15" box="[892,1147,972,999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2017-01-14" valueMax="2017-02-03" valueMin="2017-01-14">Jan. 14–Feb. 3, 2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="FE1F64E7FFF5FFAA16CD6CB9F0CAFBF8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D.S. Amorim</collectorName>
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and
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<collectionCode id="35FB99F4FFF5FFAA13486C84F13CFBF8" box="[270,292,1009,1035]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName id="FE1F64E7FFF5FFAA136E6C84F199FBF8" box="[296,385,1009,1035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. Silva</collectorName>
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, cols. (
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<collectionCode id="35FB99F4FFF5FFAA13976C84F22CFBF8" box="[465,564,1009,1035]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MNHN</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF5FFAA12DA6B62F25AFBC2" box="[156,578,1047,1073]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA12DA6B62F25AFBC2" blockId="3.[108,1214,934,1708]" box="[156,578,1047,1073]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">DIAGNOSIS: As stated for the genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF5FFAE12DA6B49F176FAA8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA12DA6B49F301FBA5" blockId="3.[108,1214,934,1708]" box="[156,793,1084,1111]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FEMALE: Total body length, 2.5 mm (habitus, fig. 1A).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="53550131FFF5FFAA12DB6B14F30AF95F" blockId="3.[108,1214,934,1708]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head (fig. 1B, C): Blackish brown, rounded, eyes reddish, large, dichoptic, dorsal and ventral ommatidia of same size, eye entirely covered with pale ommatrichia. Labella cream yellow; maxillary palpus apparently 1-segmented, small, brownish, apically blunt, no apical sensory pit. Entire frons, occiput, and gena densely covered with setulae. Ocellar triangle clearly defined, ocelli of equal size, well separated. Frons with three well-developed fronto-orbital setae evenly spaced, anterior fronto-orbital and inner vertical slightly lateroclinate, mid and posterior fronto-orbitals inclinate; pair of reclinate strong ocellars, postocellars small. Eyes well separated dorsally at vertex and closely approximated ventrally, frons strongly triangular from a dorsal view. Antenna inserted at dorsal third of head, face slender, setose on ventral third, antennae close together. Antennal scape small, about half length of pedicel, with few setulae along distal margin; scape widening to apex, about one-half length of first flagellomere, with setae around distal half; first flagellomere wider midway to apex, with some scattered small setae on basal half, not produced at junction with arista or stylus; arista clearly with three slender articles of about equal length, texture similar to first flagellomere, covered with microtrichia, lacking setation. Face slender, brown, bare mesally, sparse setae on ventral third of parafacialia. Gena narrow, setose, with some stronger setae in irregular row.</paragraph>
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<caption id="079551B9FFF2FFAD122A6901F13BF954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369636" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5369636/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[108,194,1652,1673]" targetBox="[108,1212,231,1624]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="53550131FFF2FFAD122A6901F13BF954" blockId="4.[108,1212,1650,1703]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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FIGURE 1.
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<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF2FFAD12A06907F1DEF979" authority="Amorim & Silva & Brown, 2018" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[230,454,1650,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="gen. nov, sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF2FFAD12A06907F1DEF979" box="[230,454,1650,1674]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Puehuemyia chandleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AAD6058FFF2FFAD13936907F292F97A" box="[469,650,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">gen. nov, sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, female holotype:
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF2FFAD110F6907F379F979" bold="true" box="[841,865,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A,</emphasis>
|
||
habitus;
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||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF2FFAD11846907F3C0F979" bold="true" box="[962,984,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B,</emphasis>
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||
head, dorsal view;
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||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF2FFAD16E26907F4A4F979" bold="true" box="[1188,1212,1650,1674]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C,</emphasis>
|
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head, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="079551B9FFF3FFAC122A6A47F47EFA4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5369638/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[108,194,1330,1351]" targetBox="[113,1206,224,1247]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="53550131FFF3FFAC122A6A47F47EFA4D" blockId="5.[108,1212,1328,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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FIGURE 2.
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<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF3FFAC12A66A45F1A5FABB" authority="Amorim & Silva & Brown, 2018" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[224,445,1328,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="gen. nov, sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC12A66A45F1A5FABB" box="[224,445,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Puehuemyia chandleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AAD6058FFF3FFAC138E6A44F26DFABB" box="[456,629,1329,1353]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">gen. nov, sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, female holotype:
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC116C6A45F35AFABB" bold="true" box="[810,834,1328,1352]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A,</emphasis>
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thorax, dorsal view;
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<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC16526A45F432FABB" bold="true" box="[1044,1066,1328,1352]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B,</emphasis>
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thorax, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC12EF6A38F0D9FA96" bold="true" box="[169,193,1357,1381]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C,</emphasis>
|
||
wing. Black arrow points to the short displacement of the katepisternum under the mesepimeron, white arrows points to the partial suture between mesopleurotrochantim and meron. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC16CE6A1EF4A4FA70" bold="true" box="[1160,1212,1387,1411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anp,</emphasis>
|
||
anepisternum;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC13426AFDF131FA53" bold="true" box="[260,297,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ha,</emphasis>
|
||
haltere;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC13C76AFDF1B6FA53" bold="true" box="[385,430,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ktp,</emphasis>
|
||
katepisternum;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC10176AFDF263FA53" bold="true" box="[593,635,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ltg,</emphasis>
|
||
laterotergite;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC11406AFDF321FA53" bold="true" box="[774,825,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mdt,</emphasis>
|
||
mediotergite;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC118A6AFDF3EBFA53" bold="true" box="[972,1011,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Me,</emphasis>
|
||
meron;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC160E6AFDF462FA53" bold="true" box="[1096,1146,1416,1440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mes,</emphasis>
|
||
mesepimeron;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC12896AD3F0E2FA4D" bold="true" box="[207,250,1446,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pre,</emphasis>
|
||
proepimeron;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC13D56AD3F1D8FA4D" bold="true" box="[403,448,1446,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prp,</emphasis>
|
||
proepisternum;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC102C6AD0F296FA4E" bold="true" box="[618,654,1445,1469]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T1,</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal tergite 1;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF3FFAC112E6AD0F390FA4E" bold="true" box="[872,904,1445,1469]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S1,</emphasis>
|
||
abdominal sternite 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF3FFAE12DA6A96F273FE28" blockId="5.[108,1213,1507,1758]" lastBlockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Thorax (fig. 2A, B): Cervical sclerite brown. Scutum dark brown anteriorly, gradually turning ochreous posteriorly; pair of dark brown stripes over undifferentiated dorsocentrals; one strong prescutellar dorsocentrals, no differentiated acrostichals. Two postpronotal setae, one strong and one minute; three strong presutural intraalars in irregular row; two large and three small notopleural setae; one strong supraalar. Scutellum ochreous, with apical pair of stronger, upcurved setae and pair of smaller, anteromarginal scutellars. Thoracic pleural sclerites not strongly sclerotized, ochreous, some areas brown or light brown on prosternum and proepimeron, anteriorly and dorsoposteriorly on anepisternum, on ventral two-thirds of katepisternum, on dorsoanterior corner of meron, on metepisternum and on ventral margin of metepimeron, around posterior spiracle, mesially on mediotergite, and at contact between scutellum and mediotergite laterally (fig. 2A). Pleural sclerites entirely bare of setae, except ventral half of proepisternum. Anterior spiracle small, rounded, surrounded by membrane, placed dorsally to proepimeron. Prosternum V-shaped, bare, more sclerotized ventrally (fig. 2B). Propleural suture sigmoid, proepimeron entirely fused to katepisternum at posterior end. Anapleural suture depressed mesially. Anepisternum cleft dorsal opening bearing single elongated basalare. Short dorsoposterior projection of katepisternum over meron. Katepisternum shield and meron shield well developed (respectively over mid- and hind legs). Meron more or less rectangular, reaching level of posterior spiracle, suture separating meron from mesepimeron and from metepisternum well marked. Partial suture of separation of mesopleurotrochantim and meron present. Limits of laterotergite from mesepimeron anteriorly and from mediotergite posteriorly well marked. Halter elongate, greyish, except lighter area basally; entirely bare of macrotrichia. Metanotum slender, but well characterized.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="079551B9FFF0FFAF122A6A2BF2F2FA5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369640" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5369640/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[108,194,1374,1395]" targetBox="[120,1199,224,1347]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF0FFAF122A6A2BF2F2FA5C" blockId="6.[108,1212,1372,1455]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
FIGURE 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF0FFAF12A76A29F1D8FA87" authority="Amorim & Silva & Brown, 2018" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[225,448,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="gen. nov., sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF12A76A29F1D8FA87" box="[225,448,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Puehuemyia chandleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AAD6058FFF0FFAF138A6A29F299FA80" box="[460,641,1372,1396]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">gen. nov., sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, female holotype:
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF117C6A29F34AFA87" bold="true" box="[826,850,1372,1396]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A,</emphasis>
|
||
wing tip;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF11FE6A29F3D6FA87" bold="true" box="[952,974,1372,1396]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B,</emphasis>
|
||
wing base—seta shows broken base of M4;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF137A6A0CF14BFA62" bold="true" box="[316,339,1401,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C,</emphasis>
|
||
abdomen, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF100C6A0CF27AFA62" bold="true" box="[586,610,1401,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D,</emphasis>
|
||
detail of terminalia, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF0FFAF11FA6A0CF3E9FA62" bold="true" box="[956,1009,1401,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T4–6</emphasis>
|
||
, abdominal tergites 4–6. Abbreviation of wing veins follows standard terminology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFAE12DB6E92F28AFD4F" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Legs delicate, coxae dark brown, densely setose anteriorly, remainder of legs brown with light brown areas. Tibial spurs absent on all legs, hind tibia distally with regular comb of longer setae. Tarsomeres gradually shorter, with no denticles or enlarged setae, no teeth on tarsal claws. Foretibia distally with inner, less well-sclerotized area covered with slightly stronger setae, and distal regular comb of elongate setae; mid- and hind tibiae with some more developed setae distally in more or less regular row.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFAE12DB6DB2F166FBC2" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Wing (fig. 2C): Length, 2.5 mm. Membrane light fumose brown, slightly darker along anterior margin, but without maculae. All wing veins bare of macrotrichia except R
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE16326D8FF465FCF8" attach="left" box="[1140,1149,762,779]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
|
||
with setae above along distal three-fourths. Hu present, well developed, Sc complete, reaching C at basal third of wing; R
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE13ED6C31F1ACFCA6" attach="left" box="[427,436,836,853]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1</subScript>
|
||
long, gradually approaching C, reaching margin at distal threefourths of wing; R
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE130A6C1FF173FC88" attach="left" box="[332,363,874,891]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2+3</subScript>
|
||
long, reaching C close to wing tip, R
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE11736C1FF326FC88" attach="left" box="[821,830,874,891]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5</subScript>
|
||
ending at wing tip (fig. 3A). C clearly circumambient. Transverse vein r-m discrete, in basal fourth of wing; M
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE16756CFAF44AFC53" attach="left" box="[1075,1106,911,928]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">1+2</subScript>
|
||
(including sector basal to r-m) slightly longer than medial fork; M
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE110F6CC1F34AFC36" attach="left" box="[841,850,948,965]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
|
||
thicker and more sclerotized than other posterior veins. Cells bm and br closed, crossvein m-m+M
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE118D6CAFF3CCFC18" attach="left" box="[971,980,986,1003]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3</subScript>
|
||
(formerly dm-Cu) absent, very base of M
|
||
<subScript id="CF6E0374FFF1FFAE13386C8AF19FFBE3" attach="left" box="[382,391,1023,1040]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4</subScript>
|
||
broken, m-cu present, cell cua present, closed, CuA+CuP reaching wing margin (fig. 3B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFAE12D86B49F429FAC5" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal tergites and sternites light ochreous brown, darker along posterior margin (fig. 3C). No abdominal muscle plaques. Abdomen more or less flattened; segments 1–4 well developed, sternite 1 nearly unsclerotized, posterior border of sternites 2–3 with unsclerotized lunular area, tergites 1–4 sclerotized, with row of slightly more developed setae along posterior margin; segments 5–6 slender, weakly sclerotized, tergite 5 with row of setae along posterior margin, sternite 5 with scattered setae, segment 6 bare, segments 7–8 strongly modified to constitute well sclerotized, elongated ovipositor (fig. 3D). Cercus probably absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFAE12DB6A37F176FAA8" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" box="[157,366,1345,1372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MALE: Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF1FFAE12DA6A12F4AAF992" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFAE12DA6A12F4AAF992" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY: The generic epithet refers to the locality—Puyehue National Park, in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2BFD41A1FFF1FFAE122A6AF9F0B1FA55" box="[108,169,1420,1446]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
—where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C51BF93FFF1FFAE137B6AF9F1BBFA55" box="[317,419,1420,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected. Puyehue is the name of one of the big lakes in Osorno Province. The park was created in 1941 just east of the lake. In the Mapudungum, or Mapuche language,
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF1FFAE12A26AA2F116FA02" box="[228,270,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">hue</emphasis>
|
||
means “place,” while
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF1FFAE10526AA2F252FA03" box="[532,586,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">puye</emphasis>
|
||
is the common name of the galaxiine fish,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF1FFAE16106AA2F187F9E5" authority="(Jenyns, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Jenyns" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Actinopterygii" family="Galaxiidae" genus="Galaxias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Osmeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF1FFAE16106AA2F0FCF9E5" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Galaxias maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Jenyns, 1842)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specific epithet honors Peter Chandler, who has a long and substantial contribution to dipterology in general and on platypezids and opetiids in particular, including his excellent review of the European
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF1FFAE10DE6932F314F992" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[664,780,1607,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Opetiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF1FFAE110E6932F4B6F992" authority="(Chandler, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Chandler" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[840,1198,1607,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Platypezidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFF1FFAE11AA6932F4BEF992" author="Chandler, P. J." box="[1004,1190,1607,1633]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref9353" refString="Chandler, P. J. 2001. The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, vol. 36. Leiden: Brill." type="journal volume" year="2001">Chandler, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFF1FFA112DA6919F308FC1E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFF1FFA112DA6919F308FC1E" blockId="7.[108,1215,225,1745]" lastBlockId="8.[108,1214,942,1753]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION: This species is so far known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8C51BF93FFF1FFAE11086918F399F974" box="[846,897,1645,1671]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, lowlands of Puyehue National Park. The vegetation is part of the Subantarctic Valdivian phytogeographic district (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFF1FFAE123269C2F106F922" author="Gajardo, R." box="[116,286,1719,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref9644" refString="Gajardo, R. 1994. La vegetacion natural de Chile. Clasificacion y distribucion geografica. Santiago: Editorial Universitaria." type="book" year="1994">Gajardo, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), also known as Valdivian Forest. It is dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFF1FFA111CF69C2F0AEFC3B" authority="Mirb. Oerst." authorityName="Mirb. Oerst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dombeyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFF1FFAE11CF69C2F46CF922" box="[905,1140,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Nothofagus dombeyi</emphasis>
|
||
Mirb. Oerst.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also having the characteristic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110516CDAF289FC3A" box="[535,657,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110D16CDAF3F1FC3A" authority="(DC.) Burret" authorityName="Burret" baseAuthorityName="DC." box="[663,1001,942,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Luma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="apiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110D16CDAF353FC3B" box="[663,843,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Luma apiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(DC.) Burret
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the conifer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA1163F6CDBF19BFC1E" authority="Lindl." authorityName="Lindl." class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubigenus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA1163F6CDBF12DFC1E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Podocarpus nubigenus</emphasis>
|
||
Lindl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other austral floral elements.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="079551B9FFFEFFA1122B6C12F0FDFC68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5369642/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[109,196,871,892]" targetBox="[108,1212,224,845]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFFEFFA1122B6C12F0FDFC68" blockId="8.[108,1212,869,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
FIGURE 4. Collecting site of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA113E16C10F294FC8E" authority="Amorim & Silva & Brown, 2018" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[423,652,869,893]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri" status="gen. nov., sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA113E16C10F294FC8E" box="[423,652,869,893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Puehuemyia chandleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7AAD6058FFFEFFA110DD6C13F344FC8E" box="[667,860,870,894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">gen. nov., sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA111E76C10F46BFC8E" box="[929,1139,869,893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dumbeyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA111E76C10F46BFC8E" box="[929,1139,869,893]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nothofagus dumbeyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the foreground.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFFEFFA112DB6C8CF359FA5E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFFEFFA112DB6C8CF359FA5E" blockId="8.[108,1214,942,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
BIOLOGY: Not much can be said about the biology of this fly. It was collected with a Malaise trap in the lowlands (
|
||
<quantity id="9412ACD4FFFEFFA113236B6BF1ABFBCA" box="[357,435,1054,1081]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="440.0">440 m</quantity>
|
||
) of a temperate rain forest, in a patch of primary forest recovering from previous anthropic influence, but still with large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110A86B36F368FBAE" box="[750,880,1091,1117]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110A86B36F368FBAE" box="[750,880,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nothofagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees and a good amount of rotting wood and woodland detritus (fig. 4). The general structure of the environment where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA112286BFAF0EFFB5B" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[110,247,1166,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA112286BFAF0EFFB5B" box="[110,247,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chandleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected is similar to the reports for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110B06BFAF34EFB5B" box="[758,854,1167,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110B06BFAF34EFB5B" box="[758,854,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Europe (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA116646BFBF11CFB3D" author="Rohacek, J. & J. Sevcik" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="41 - 47" refId="ref10488" refString="Rohacek, J., and J. Sevcik. 2011. The fauna of Opetiidae and Platypezidae (Diptera) in the Gemer region (Central Slovakia). Casopis Slezskeho Zemskeho Muzea Opava (A) 60: 41 - 47." type="journal article" year="2011">Roháček and Ševčík, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA113556BC6F259FB3D" author="Tkoc, M. & J. Rohacek" box="[275,577,1203,1230]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="95 - 118" refId="ref10993" refString="Tkoc, M., and J. Rohacek. 2014. Diversity, distribution and biology of Romanian flat-footed flies (Diptera, Opetiidae and Platypezidae) with taxonomic notes on Callomyia saibhira Chandler. ZooKeys 459: 95 - 118." type="journal article" year="2014">Tkoč and Roháček, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and for the Japanese species of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA1161D6BC6F0B1FB07" author="Saigusa, T." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="105 - 108" refId="ref10566" refString="Saigusa, T. 1963. Systematic studies of Japanese Platypezidae. I. Genus Opetia Meigen. Sieboldia 3: 105 - 108." type="journal article" year="1963">Saigusa, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is interesting to note that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110546BACF26AFB00" box="[530,626,1241,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110546BACF26AFB00" box="[530,626,1241,1267]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults have been reared from rotten
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA116776BAFF46CFB00" box="[1073,1140,1242,1267]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA116776BAFF46CFB00" box="[1073,1140,1242,1267]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wood (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA112306B8BF14CFAEB" author="Speight, M. C. G. & R. E. Blackith & R. M. Blackith" box="[118,340,1278,1305]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="131 - 136" refId="ref10800" refString="Speight, M. C. G., R. E. Blackith, and R. M. Blackith. 1990. Antichaeta brevipennis, Leucophenga maculata, Polyporivora picta and Tephrochlamys tarsalis (Diptera): insects new to Ireland. Irish Biogeographical Society Bulletin 13 (2): 131 - 136." type="journal article" year="1990">Speight et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA113196B8BF20AFAEB" author="Chandler, P. J." box="[351,530,1278,1304]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref9353" refString="Chandler, P. J. 2001. The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, vol. 36. Leiden: Brill." type="journal volume" year="2001">Chandler, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the larvae are still unknown. The sclerotized, piercing ovipositor of the females in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA113F56A51F241FACE" box="[435,601,1315,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA113F56A51F219FACD" box="[435,513,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Opetia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110F56A51F321FACE" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[691,825,1315,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110F56A51F321FACE" box="[691,825,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chandleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may suggest a parasitoid biology for the larvae, even though some tephritoids have a piercing oviscapt used to oviposit in fruits or stems. If this is correct, it would explain why the larvae have not been found although quite a number of adults have been reared from different localities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1BF052BAFFFEFFA112DA6ACCF44EF92B" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="53550131FFFEFFA112DA6ACCF44EF92B" blockId="8.[108,1214,942,1753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
COMMENTS: The spermathecae cannot be observed without dissection. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA111BA6ACCF45FFA20" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[1020,1095,1465,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA111BA6ACCF45FFA20" box="[1020,1095,1465,1491]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Opetia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is a single, unpigmented spermatheca (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="377B7CC0FFFEFFA113B36AABF359FA0A" author="Sinclair, B. J. & J. M. Cumming" box="[501,833,1502,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref10710" refString="Sinclair, B. J., and J. M. Cumming. 2006. The morphology, higher level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera). Zootaxa 1180: 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="2006">Sinclair and Cumming, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It may be the case that the spermathecae is similar in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA113306971F1E2F9EE" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[374,506,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puehuemyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chandleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA113306971F1E2F9EE" box="[374,506,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chandleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additional specimens would allow dissection of specimens, clarifying several morphological features, including details of the maxillary palpus and ovipositor. There are some dimorphic features in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA1105A693AF27FF99A" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[540,615,1615,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA1105A693AF27FF99A" box="[540,615,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Opetia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that may well apply also to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA111E7693BF42DF99B" authorityName="Amorim & Silva & Brown" authorityYear="2018" box="[929,1077,1614,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Puyehuemyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA111E7693BF42DF99B" box="[929,1077,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Puyehuemyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA1122B6901F0A0F97D" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1830" box="[109,184,1652,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA1122B6901F0A0F97D" box="[109,184,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Opetia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also have dichoptic eyes, with undifferentiated dorsal and ventral ommatidia, and the anal lobe is not developed in the wing. Male eyes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="94EA7AB2FFFEFFA110D169ECF33CF940" box="[663,804,1689,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Opetiidae" genus="Opetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="619EDD23FFFEFFA110D169ECF33CF940" box="[663,804,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Opetia nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 5A, C) are holoptic, the dorsal ommatidia are larger than the ventral ones, and the wing has a well-developed anal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |