135 lines
13 KiB
XML
135 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07cc435f-a623-4a17-b510-a38bf0569844" ID-PMC="PMC3459032" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-220-1" ID-PubMed="23077429" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-220-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 220" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Plant Bug Genus Tytthus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae)" checkinTime="1451248758882" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Henry, Thomas J." docDate="2012" docId="9C4F687B825220A51BC3907B00D46748" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 220: 1-114" docOrigin="ZooKeys 220" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178" docTitle="Tytthus zwaluwenburgi Usinger" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="FFA2D657D204FFEEFF8DF82F5143FF91" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Plant Bug Genus Tytthus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae)" masterLastPageNumber="114" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1668154436991" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the Plant Bug Genus Tytthus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Henry, Thomas J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>220</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>114</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-220-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C4F687B825220A51BC3907B00D46748" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C4F687B825220A51BC3907B00D46748" lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Tytthus_zwaluwenburgi" authority="Usinger" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Tytthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tytthus zwaluwenburgi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwaluwenburgi">Tytthus zwaluwenburgi Usinger</taxonomicName>
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Figs 53, 54191-193
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Cyrtorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtorhinus zwaluwenburgi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwaluwenburgi">Cyrtorhinus zwaluwenburgi</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Usinger, RL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="287 - 288" title="Heteroptera of Canton Island." volume="11" year="1944">Usinger 1944</bibRefCitation>
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: 148 (orig. descrip.), 1951: 5 (key).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Tytthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tytthus zwaluwenburgi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwaluwenburgi">Tytthus zwaluwenburgi</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Carvalho and Southwood 1955</bibRefCitation>
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: 19 (descrip.); Carvalho 1958: 159 (cat.);
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 192 (diag., host), 1995: 250 (cat.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">This species is readily distinguished by the uniformly yellow to testaceous coloration, except for the dark brown eyes and a vague brown area at the middle of the head.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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Male (n = 1 paratype) (Fig. 53): Length to apex of hemelytron 2.30 mm, length to base of cuneus 1.66 mm, width across hemelytra 0.77 mm. Head: Length 0.29 mm, width across eyes 0.56 mm, interocular width 0.30 mm. Labium: Length 0.74 mm. Antenna (missing; after
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh 1984</bibRefCitation>
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): Segment I length (not given), II 0.61 mm, III (not given), IV (not given). Pronotum: Length 0.27 mm, basal width 0.75 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Coloration: Uniformly yellow to testaceous, except for the dark brown eyes and a vague brown area on the middle of the head.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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Structure, texture, and vestiture (after
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<bibRefCitation author="Usinger, RL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="287 - 288" title="Heteroptera of Canton Island." volume="11" year="1944">Usinger 1944</bibRefCitation>
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): Head half again as broad as long, 11.5; 8, smooth, shining, and strongly convex above. Eyes slightly less than half as wide as interocular space, 2.75: 6. First antennal segment shorter than interocular space, 5: 6, second segment three times as long as first, third and fourth segments broken off. Rostrum nearly reaching apices of middle coxae. Pronotum somewhat duller than head, clothed with short, sparse, decumbent hairs; broader across humeri than width of head, 15: 11.5, and less than half as long as broad, 6.5: 15; front margin shallowly concave, lateral margins feebly sinuate, and hind margin slightly concave. Scutellum longer than pronotum at middle, 7: 6, subdepressed, the disk very sparsely clothed with appressed hairs. Hemelytron simple, distinctly but sparsely clothed with appressed hairs; costal margin slightly, evenly arcuate. Legs slender, clothed with short, inconspicuous, pale hairs. Claws with simple hairlike setae rather than arolia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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Male genitalia (after
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh 1984</bibRefCitation>
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): Left paramere (Fig. 191): Mitt-shaped; right arm stout, broad, apically acute; left arm slender, apically acute. Right paramere: Not illustrated. Endosoma (Fig. 192): S-shaped. Phallotheca (Fig. 193): Slender, bluntly rounded apically.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Female: (n = 1) (Fig. 54): Length to apex of hemelytron 2.53 mm, length to base of cuneus 1.80 mm, width across hemelytra 0.96 mm. Head: Length 0.29 mm, width across eyes 0.59 mm, interocular width 0.34 mm. Labium: Length 0.85 mm. Antenna: Segment I length 0.24 mm, II 0.61 mm, III and IV missing. Pronotum: Length 0.32 mm, basal width 0.80 mm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="hosts">
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<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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Recorded from
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Boerhavia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boerhavia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Boerhavia</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Nyctaginaceae" lsidName="Nyctaginaceae" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="genus">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
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) by
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<bibRefCitation author="Usinger, RL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="287 - 288" title="Heteroptera of Canton Island." volume="11" year="1944">Usinger (1944)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Usinger, RL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="287 - 288" title="Heteroptera of Canton Island." volume="11" year="1944">Usinger (1944)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that the various species of the genus prey on delphacid eggs, but since "delphacids have not been reported on Canton Island and since both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Cyrtorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtorhinus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="76" pageNumber="77" start="start">Cyrtorhinus</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the cicadellid
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nesaloha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesaloha cantonis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantonis">Nesaloha cantonis</taxonomicName>
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Oman were collected on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Boerhaavia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boerhaavia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Boerhaavia</taxonomicName>
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, it is possible that this new mirid is a predator on
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nesaloha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesaloha" order="Hemiptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nesaloha</taxonomicName>
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."
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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This species has been reported from Baker Island, Howland Island, and the Phoenix Islands (Canton Island) in the central Pacific (
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<bibRefCitation author="Usinger, RL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="287 - 288" title="Heteroptera of Canton Island." volume="11" year="1944">Usinger 1944</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh 1984</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Tytthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tytthus zwaluwenburgi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwaluwenburgi">Tytthus zwaluwenburgi</taxonomicName>
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was described from only three specimens (holotype, paratype, and one teneral specimen).
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<bibRefCitation author="Schuh, RT" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 476" title="Revision of the Phylinae (Hemiptera, Miridae) of the Indo-Pacific." volume="177" year="1984">Schuh (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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studied the holotype and illustrated the male genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="type material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Type material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Canton Island: 20 Nov 1940, R. Danner, 1 ♂ paratype (BPBM).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="other specimen examined">
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Other specimen examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Baker Island: 18 Apr 1935, E. H. Bryan, Jr., 1 ♀ (BPBM). Phoenix Islands: Canton Island, 16 Mar 1924, E. H. Bryan, Jr., 1 ♀ (BPBM).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |