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<document id="5D582976D76D075DC77BBA7F8FA61D24" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.155309" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b195c5ca-7f2b-4f1b-a9a9-c1095c95d012" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="155309" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1477237842213" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bernard Landry" docDate="2016" docId="03EA87B1FFF482657CF5FE08FD4AFC6D" docLanguage="en" docName="13_Landry.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:225056F0A23C51DDC06AC27EAEA15D5B.2:RevSuisseZool.2015-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="225056F0A23C51DDC06AC27EAEA15D5B" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2015-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Spoladea recurvalis Fabricius 1775" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="389" masterDocId="FFD3FFC9FFBC822F7F6BFFD9FF94FF92" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="399" masterPageNumber="315" pageNumber="387" updateTime="1698390478594" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5F0970ECAAD8E5F398E5B99D5927C444">Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03EA87B1FFF482657CF5FE08FD4AFC6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5823257" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124557822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5823257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87B1FFF482657CF5FE08FD4AFC6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87B1FFF482657CF5FE08FD4AFC6D" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482677CF5FE08FAAAFE7A" box="[926,1342,465,488]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677CF5FE08FAAAFE7A" blockId="72.[926,1342,465,521]" box="[926,1342,465,488]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<heading id="D0B481CBFFF482677CF5FE08FAAAFE7A" bold="true" box="[926,1342,465,488]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CF5FE08FAAAFE7A" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[926,1342,465,488]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Spoladea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677CF5FE08FAAAFE7A" bold="true" box="[926,1342,465,488]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677CF5FE08FBE3FE7A" bold="true" box="[926,1143,465,488]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Spoladea recurvalis</emphasis>
(Fabricius, 1775)
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482677B7AFE28FB5FFD9A" box="[1041,1227,497,521]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677B7AFE28FB5FFD9A" blockId="72.[926,1342,465,521]" box="[1041,1227,497,521]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677B7AFE28FBF6FD9A" box="[1041,1122,497,520]" captionStart="Figs 57 - 64" captionStartId="21.[151,192,1913,1934]" captionTargetBox="[239,1342,308,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[195,1392,257,1852]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 57 - 64. Galápagos specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (57, 58) Samea inconspicuella. (57) ♂ holotype, CNC. (58) ♀ paratype, Santiago, close to Caseta, 686 m, 6. iii. 2005, MHNG. (59, 60) Sisyracera inabsconsalis. (59) ♀, Santa Cruz, NNW Bella Vista, 225 m, 18. ii. 2005, MHNG. (60) ♂, Rábida, tourist trail, 3. iv. 1992, MHNG. (61, 62) Sisyracera jacquelinae. (61) ♀ holotype, MHNG. (62) ♂ paratype, Isabela, Sierra Negra, Corazon Verde, xi-xii. 1974, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (63) Spoladea recurvalis ♂, Santa Cruz, E. C. C. D., 4. iii. 1992, MHNG. (64) Syngamia florella ♀, Santa Cruz, agriculture zone, near (NNW) Bella Vista, 223 m, 7. iv. 2004, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162860/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Figs 63</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677B06FE28FB03FD9B" box="[1133,1175,497,521]" captionStart="Figs 128 - 130" captionStartId="53.[151,192,1698,1719]" captionTargetBox="[158,1435,259,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,259,1641]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Figs 128 - 130. Male genitalia of Galápagos Spilomelinae, a and b from same slides, but not to scale, (a) showing the genitalia without phallus and (b), the phallus. (128) Sisyracera inabsconsalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9030, Genovesa. (129) S. jacquelinae paratype: slide BMNH Pyr 21188, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (130) Spoladea recurvalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8983, Española." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162876/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">130</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677BC8FE28FB5FFD9A" box="[1187,1227,497,520]" captionStart="Figs 173 - 177" captionStartId="75.[151,192,1968,1989]" captionTargetBox="[182,1406,262,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[157,1440,254,1922]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figs 173 - 177. Female genitalia of Neotropical Spilomelinae, not to scale. (173) Samea inconspicuella paratype: slide MHNG- ENTO- 8705. (174) Sisyracera inabsconsalis holotype. (175) Sisyracera jacquelinae paratype: slide MHNG- ENTO- 8688. (176) Spoladea recurvalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 8984, Galápagos, Floreana. (177) Synclera jarbusalis: slide MHNG-ENTO- 9031, Galápagos, Santa Cruz." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162887/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">176</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482677C54FDC7FA0CFD34" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FDC7FB41FDA1" blockId="72.[831,1437,542,680]" box="[831,1237,542,563]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54FDC7FB45FDA1" authority="Fabricius, 1775: 644" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="644" authorityYear="1775" box="[831,1233,542,563]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FDC7FB95FDA1" box="[831,1025,542,563]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Phalaena recurvalis</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1775: 644
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FDE2FB6EFDC3" blockId="72.[831,1437,542,680]" box="[831,1274,571,593]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB531189FFF482677C54FDE2FB6EFDC3" box="[831,1274,571,593]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54FDE2FBD2FDC3" authority="Cramer" authorityName="Cramer" box="[831,1094,571,593]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Zinckenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascialis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FDE2FC60FDC2" box="[831,1012,571,592]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Zinckenia fascialis</emphasis>
Cramer
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AE210B6FFF482677B24FDE2FB62FDC3" author="Schaus W." box="[1103,1270,571,593]" page="28" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF482677B24FDE2FB47FDC3" author="Schaus W." box="[1103,1235,571,593]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica 5" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" pagination="22 - 48" part="2" refString="Schaus W. 1923. Galapagos Heterocera with descriptions of new species. Zoologica 5 (2): 22 - 48, 2 pl." title="Galapagos Heterocera with descriptions of new species" type="journal article" year="1923">Schaus, 1923</bibRefCitation>
: 28
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FD80FA09FDFF" blockId="72.[831,1437,542,680]" box="[831,1437,600,622]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB531189FFF482677C54FD80FA09FDFF" box="[831,1437,600,622]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54FD80FBE4FDFF" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[831,1136,600,622]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Hymenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FD80FC68FDFF" box="[831,1020,600,622]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Hymenia recurvalis</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AE210B6FFF482677B13FD81FA0DFDFF" author="Linsley E. G. &amp; Usinger R. L." box="[1144,1433,600,622]" page="162" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" year="1966">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF482677B13FD81FAFEFDFF" author="Linsley E. G. &amp; Usinger R. L." box="[1144,1386,600,622]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series. 33" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" pagination="113 - 196" part="7" refString="Linsley E. G., Usinger R. L. 1966. Insects of the Galapagos Islands. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4 th series. 33 (7): 113 - 196." title="Insects of the Galapagos Islands" type="journal article" year="1966">Linsley &amp; Usinger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 162
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FDACFA0CFD34" blockId="72.[831,1437,542,680]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB531189FFF482677C54FDACFA0CFD34" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54FDACFBE5FD18" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[831,1137,629,650]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Spoladea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FDACFC6AFD18" box="[831,1022,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Spoladea recurvalis</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AE210B6FFF482677B12FDACFADFFD18" author="Peck S. B. &amp; Heraty J. &amp; Landry B. &amp; Sinclair B. J." box="[1145,1355,629,651]" page="227" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF482677B12FDACFA88FD18" author="Peck S. B. &amp; Heraty J. &amp; Landry B. &amp; Sinclair B. J." box="[1145,1308,629,651]" journalOrPublisher="American Entomologist" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" pagination="218 - 237" part="44" refString="Peck S. B., Heraty J., Landry B., Sinclair B. J. 1998. Introduced insect fauna of an oceanic archipelago: The Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. American Entomologist 44: 218 - 237." title="Introduced insect fauna of an oceanic archipelago: The Galapagos Islands, Ecuador" type="journal article" year="1998">
Peck
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BC6FDAFFB76FD18" box="[1197,1250,629,651]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">et al.,</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
: 227
</treatmentCitation>
. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="0AE210B6FFF482677A0FFDACFBDBFD35" author="Causton C. E. &amp; Peck S. B. &amp; Sinclair B. J. &amp; Roque-Albelo L. &amp; Hodgson C. J. &amp; Landry B." page="141" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF482677A0FFDACFBB4FD34" author="Causton C. E. &amp; Peck S. B. &amp; Sinclair B. J. &amp; Roque-Albelo L. &amp; Hodgson C. J. &amp; Landry B." journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" pagination="121 - 143" part="99" refString="Causton C. E., Peck S. B., Sinclair B. J., Roque-Albelo L., Hodgson C. J., Landry B. 2006. Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99: 121 - 143." title="Alien Insects: Threats and implications for conservation of Galapagos Islands" type="journal article" year="2006">
Causton
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677CDBFD4AFC75FD34" box="[944,993,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">et al.</emphasis>
, 2006
</bibRefCitation>
: 141
</treatmentCitation>
. ‒
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF482677B01FD48FA00FD34" author="Roque-Albelo L. &amp; Landry B." box="[1130,1428,657,679]" editor="Bungartz F." journalOrPublisher="Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" pagination="2015" part="30" publicationUrl="http://www.darwinfoundation" refString="Roque-Albelo L., Landry B. 2015. Lepidoptera. In: Bungartz F., Herrera H., Jaramillo P., Tirado N., Jimenez-Uzcategui G., Ruiz D., Guezou A., Ziemmeck F. (eds.). Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin Foundation / Fundacion Charles Darwin, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos: http: // www. darwinfoundation. org / datazone / checklists / terrestrial-invertebrates / Last updated 30 November 2015." title="Lepidoptera" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Charles Darwin Foundation Galapagos Species Checklist - Lista de Especies de Galapagos de la Fundacion Charles Darwin" year="2015">Roque-Albelo &amp; Landry, 2015</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482677C54FD14FB99FB37" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FD14FB99FB37" blockId="72.[831,1437,717,1189]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FD14FBB3FD76" bold="true" box="[831,1063,717,740]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Material examined:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFFF482677B5EFD14FBF0FD77" box="[1077,1124,717,741]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D45FD2EFFF482677B12FD17FB3CFD77" box="[1145,1192,718,741]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
, 43 of undetermined sex from the
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677C8EFD34FB20FC96" box="[997,1204,749,772]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B88FD34FADCFC96" box="[1251,1352,749,772]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Española</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A35FD34FC28FCB6" authority="Manzanillo" authorityName="Manzanillo" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bahia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677A35FD34FA08FC96" box="[1374,1436,749,772]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Bahía</collectingRegion>
Manzanillo
</taxonomicName>
;
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677CB8FCD7FBDFFCB7" box="[979,1099,782,805]" country="Cuba" name="Las Tunas" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Las Tunas</collectingRegion>
trail,
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677BCAFCD4FB65FCB7" box="[1185,1265,781,805]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
elev[ation]. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FCF4FC35FCD6" box="[831,929,813,836]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Floreana</emphasis>
: Punta Cormoran; Charles [no precise locality]. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C3CFC94FC32FCF6" box="[855,934,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677C3CFC94FC32FCF6" box="[855,934,845,868]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Isabela</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Albermarle, Cobea [?] Settlement; V[olcan]. Darwin,
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677CF6FCB4FC75FC17" box="[925,993,877,901]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
elev.; NE slope Alcedo, ca.
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677A64FCB4FAC7FC17" box="[1295,1363,877,901]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
up (S) Los Guayabillos camp, GPS:
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elev.,
<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FFF482677A69FC54FA0CFC36" box="[1282,1432,909,933]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" precision="1" value="-0.42013332">S 00° 25.208’</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE775060FFF482677C54FC77FC4BFC56" box="[831,991,941,965]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" precision="1" value="-91.079414">W 91° 04.765’</geoCoordinate>
; V. Darwin,
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elev. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A69FC77FA01FC56" box="[1282,1429,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFF482677A69FC77FA01FC56" box="[1282,1429,941,965]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677A69FC77FA01FC56" box="[1282,1429,941,965]" country="Dominican Republic" name="San Cristobal" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">San Cristóbal</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Chatham [no precise locality]. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BC7FC17FAB3FC77" box="[1196,1319,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677BC7FC17FAB3FC77" box="[1196,1319,974,997]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Academy Bay, Charles Darwin Research Station; Charles Darwin Research Station; Horneman Farm,
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677BBAFBD4FA88FBB7" box="[1233,1308,1037,1061]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
; Horneman Farm,
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677CE0FBF4FC40FBD7" box="[907,980,1069,1093]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</quantity>
elev.; [no precise locality], reared from larva ex
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CF3FB97FB31FBF6" box="[920,1189,1101,1125]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677CF3FB97FB31FBF6" box="[920,1189,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Sesuvium portulacastrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. –
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BAFFB97FAB7FBF7" box="[1220,1315,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677BAFFB97FAB7FBF7" box="[1220,1315,1102,1125]" country="Philippines" name="Santiago" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Santiago</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Jaboncillo [camp], ±
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677CC0FBB4FC79FB17" box="[939,1005,1133,1157]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
elev. Deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFF482677BDFFBB7FA93FB17" box="[1204,1287,1134,1157]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFF482677A7BFBB4FAD2FB17" box="[1296,1350,1133,1157]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">CAS</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFF482677A3BFBB4FA0CFB17" box="[1360,1432,1133,1157]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rhcv-mdhf" name="Invertebrate Collection" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">CDRS</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFF482677C54FB54FCE8FB37" box="[831,892,1165,1189]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">MCZ</collectionCode>
, and
<collectionCode id="ED52AE62FFF482677CDFFB54FB9DFB37" box="[948,1033,1165,1189]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">MHNG</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482677C54FB65FC32F921" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482677C54FB65FC32F921" blockId="72.[831,1437,1212,1717]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54FB65FC2CFB41" bold="true" box="[831,952,1212,1235]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Measuring between 17 and
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF482677A4BFB65FAE2FB46" box="[1312,1398,1212,1236]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
in wingspan in the
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF482677C93FB05FBFDFB61" box="[1016,1129,1244,1267]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
this species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C01FB24FB4AFA81" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[874,1246,1276,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Hymenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspectalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C01FB24FBF1FA81" box="[874,1125,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Hymenia perspectalis</emphasis>
(Hübner)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677B90FB25FA00FA86" box="[1275,1428,1276,1300]" captionStart="Figs 17 - 24" captionStartId="11.[151,192,1881,1902]" captionTargetBox="[247,1334,276,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[206,1381,257,1824]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 17 - 24. Neotropical specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (17) Diaphania nitidalis ♀, Brazil, Bahía, Camacan, Res. Serra Bonita, 800 m, 8. iv. 2011, MHNG. (18) Ercta vittata ♂, Galápagos, Marchena, 12. iii. 1992, MHNG. (19) Herpetogramma bipunctalis ♂, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, CDRS, Barranco, 20 m, 30. iv. 2002, MHNG. (20, 21) Herpetogramma phaeopteralis. (20) ♂, Galápagos, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, Los Guayabillos camp, 869 m, 2. iv. 2004, MHNG. (21) ♀, Galápagos, San Cristóbal, near La Loberia, sea level, 24. ii. 2005, MHNG. (22, 23) Hymenia perspectalis. (22) ♀, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 4. v. 2002, MHNG. (23) ♀, same locality, 27. v. 1992, MHNG. (24) Lineodes integra ♂, Pinta, Cabo Ibbetson, 8 m, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162855/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Figs 22, 23</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C13FAC5FB71FAA1" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[888,1253,1308,1331]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Cryptobotys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zoilusalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C13FAC5FBE1FAA1" box="[888,1141,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Cryptobotys zoilusalis</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677B95FAC5FA1AFAA6" box="[1278,1422,1308,1332]" captionStart="Figs 9 - 16" captionStartId="9.[151,192,1881,1902]" captionTargetBox="[244,1325,291,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[199,1380,257,1831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 9 - 16. Specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (9) Cheverella galapagensis ♀, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 27. v. 1992, MHNG. (10, 11) Cryptobotys zoilusalis. (10) ♀, Brazil, Bahía, Camacan, Res. Serra Bonita, 800 m, 8. iv. 2011, MHNG. (11) ♂, same locality, 27. iii. 2011, MHNG. (12, 13) Desmia mordor. (12) ♂ paratype, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 4. v. 2002, MHNG. (13) ♀ holotype, CNC. (14) Diaphania galapagensis ♂ paratype, Galápagos, Isabela, NE slope Alcedo, near pega-pega camp, 483 m, 31. iii. 2004, MHNG. (15) Diaphania hyalinata ♂, Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Los Gemelos, 4. v. 2002, MHNG. (16) Diaphania indica ♂, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haut Katanga, Tshinkolobwe, 12. iii. 1931, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162854/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Figs 10, 11</figureCitation>
), both treated above.
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B59FAE5FA08FAC1" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[1074,1436,1340,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Spoladea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B59FAE5FA81FAC1" box="[1074,1301,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Spoladea recurvalis</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13782A22FFF482677C2CFA85FC03FAE1" box="[839,919,1372,1395]" captionStart="Figs 57 - 64" captionStartId="21.[151,192,1913,1934]" captionTargetBox="[239,1342,308,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[195,1392,257,1852]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 57 - 64. Galápagos specimens of Spilomelinae, size not to scale. (57, 58) Samea inconspicuella. (57) ♂ holotype, CNC. (58) ♀ paratype, Santiago, close to Caseta, 686 m, 6. iii. 2005, MHNG. (59, 60) Sisyracera inabsconsalis. (59) ♀, Santa Cruz, NNW Bella Vista, 225 m, 18. ii. 2005, MHNG. (60) ♂, Rábida, tourist trail, 3. iv. 1992, MHNG. (61, 62) Sisyracera jacquelinae. (61) ♀ holotype, MHNG. (62) ♂ paratype, Isabela, Sierra Negra, Corazon Verde, xi-xii. 1974, BMNH ©, the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London. (63) Spoladea recurvalis ♂, Santa Cruz, E. C. C. D., 4. iii. 1992, MHNG. (64) Syngamia florella ♀, Santa Cruz, agriculture zone, near (NNW) Bella Vista, 223 m, 7. iv. 2004, MHNG." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162860/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
) is somewhat paler brown than
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B98FA84FA02FAE1" box="[1267,1430,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Hymenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspectalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B98FA84FA02FAE1" box="[1267,1430,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">H. perspectalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Their white markings differ in the forewing by the wide median fascia from the dorsum touching the discocellular stigma in
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B30FA64FB7AFA41" box="[1115,1262,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Spoladea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B30FA64FB7AFA41" box="[1115,1262,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">S. recurvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thin and not touching the discocellular stigma in
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BADFA04FAFCFA61" box="[1222,1384,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Hymenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspectalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BADFA04FAFCFA61" box="[1222,1384,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">H. perspectalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and on the hindwing by the wide and evenly margined fascia of
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C0BF9C4FC7EF9A1" box="[864,1002,1564,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Spoladea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="recurvalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C0BF9C4FC7EF9A1" box="[864,1002,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">S. recurvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared to the thin fascia presenting a median bilobed projection medially on the external margin in
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CA0F984FBEBF9E1" box="[971,1151,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Hymenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perspectalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677CA0F984FBEBF9E1" box="[971,1151,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">H. perspectalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BF0F985FC0AF901" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Cryptobotys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zoilusalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BF0F985FA09F9E1" box="[1179,1437,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Cryptobotys zoilusalis</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
also has white to cream fasciae, but these are very thin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF482657C54F912FE32FD8E" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF482657C54F912FE32FD8E" blockId="72.[831,1437,1739,2052]" lastBlockId="74.[151,756,258,542]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54F912FC34F970" bold="true" box="[831,928,1739,1762]" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Biology:</emphasis>
The larva of this species is polyphagous and has been recorded on a wide variety of plants, for example
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CCCF8D2FB83F8B0" box="[935,1047,1803,1826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aizoaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B44F8D2FB3FF8B0" box="[1071,1195,1803,1826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Trianthema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B44F8D2FB3FF8B0" box="[1071,1195,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Trianthema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B9EF8D2FA09F8B0" box="[1269,1437,1803,1826]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaranthaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C23F8F2FC4AF8D0" box="[840,990,1835,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C23F8F2FC4AF8D0" box="[840,990,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Alternanthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B73F8F2FB0FF8D0" box="[1048,1179,1835,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Amaranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B73F8F2FB0FF8D0" box="[1048,1179,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Amaranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BBFF8F2FAB2F8D0" box="[1236,1318,1835,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Celosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BBFF8F2FAB2F8D0" box="[1236,1318,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Celosia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A34F8F5FC1EF8F0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Gomphrena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A34F8F5FC1EF8F0" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Gomphrena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CBAF895FBD5F8F6" box="[977,1089,1868,1892]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B3CF892FA8CF8F0" box="[1111,1304,1867,1890]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chrysalidocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B3CF892FA8CF8F0" box="[1111,1304,1867,1890]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Chrysalidocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A21F895FA07F8F1" box="[1354,1427,1868,1891]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Dypsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A21F895FA07F8F1" box="[1354,1427,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Dypsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) sp.],
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CE9F8B5FC6EF816" box="[898,1018,1900,1924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B73F8B2FB5EF810" box="[1048,1226,1899,1922]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysanthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B73F8B2FB5EF810" box="[1048,1226,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Chrysanthemum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A71F8B5FA08F811" box="[1306,1436,1900,1923]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Eupatorium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A71F8B5FA08F811" box="[1306,1436,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Eupatorium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C14F852FBA6F830" box="[895,1074,1931,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chenopodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Chenopodiaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B27F855FBEAF831" box="[1100,1150,1932,1955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Beta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B27F855FBEAF831" box="[1100,1150,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Beta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BAEF852FAC9F830" box="[1221,1373,1931,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BAEF852FAC9F830" box="[1221,1373,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Chenopodium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54F872FC78F850" box="[831,1004,1963,1986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Convolvulaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B6BF875FBCAF851" box="[1024,1118,1964,1987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B6BF875FBCAF851" box="[1024,1118,1964,1987]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Ipomoea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BCAF872FA91F850" box="[1185,1285,1963,1986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A72F872FAF8F850" box="[1305,1388,1963,1986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Glycine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A72F872FAF8F850" box="[1305,1388,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Glycine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C54F815FCEAF871" box="[831,894,1996,2019]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vigna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C54F815FCEAF871" box="[831,894,1996,2019]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Vigna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CA6F812FBF8F870" box="[973,1132,1995,2018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677BEEF812FB61F870" box="[1157,1269,1995,2018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Boerhavia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677BEEF812FB61F870" box="[1157,1269,1995,2018]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Boerhavia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A2FF815FA08F871" box="[1348,1436,1996,2019]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677C23F835FCE4F791" box="[840,880,2028,2051]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677C23F835FCE4F791" box="[840,880,2028,2051]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Zea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677CDEF832FBDEF790" box="[949,1098,2027,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Portulacaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Portulacaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677B35F832FB5DF790" box="[1118,1225,2027,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Portulacaceae" genus="Portulaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677B35F832FB5DF790" box="[1118,1225,2027,2050]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Portulaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF482677A6EF835FAF7F791" box="[1285,1379,2028,2051]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Spinacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="72" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF482677A6EF835FAF7F791" box="[1285,1379,2028,2051]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="387">Spinacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.),
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF682657FFCFEDBFE84FE8B" box="[151,272,258,281]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Solanaceae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF682657E4CFEDAFE23FE88" box="[295,439,259,282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycopersicon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657E4CFEDAFE23FE88" box="[295,439,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Lycopersicon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.), etc. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657D50FEDBFF45FEA9" author="Robinson G. S. &amp; Ackery P. R. &amp; Kitching I. J. &amp; Beccaloni G. W. &amp; Hernandez L. M." journalOrPublisher="a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/researchcuration/research/projects/hostplants" refString="Robinson G. S., Ackery P. R., Kitching I. J., Beccaloni G. W., Hernandez L. M. 2014. HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / researchcuration / research / projects / hostplants /" title="HOSTS" type="book" year="2014">
Robinson
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657DDAFEDAFD72FE8B" box="[689,742,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">et al</emphasis>
., 2014
</bibRefCitation>
). In the CDRS collection there is a pair of specimens associated with a number 69, which refers to a notebook entry mentioning
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF682657EB2FEBDFD60FEE8" box="[473,756,355,379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657EB2FEBDFD60FEE8" box="[473,756,355,379]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Sesuvium portulacastrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) L. and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF682657E7EFE5AFE64FE08" box="[277,496,387,410]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Portulacaceae" genus="Portulaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleraceae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657E7EFE5AFE64FE08" box="[277,496,387,410]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Portulaca oleraceae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF682657D75FE5AFD04FE08" box="[542,656,387,410]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aizoaceae</taxonomicName>
) as hosts in the
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657F89FE7DFEC3FE29" box="[226,343,420,443]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
. Moths in the archipelago have been collected from sea level up to
<quantity id="4CBB9B42FFF682657E98FE1CFDDCFE4E" box="[499,584,453,477]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
in elevation in pristine as well as anthropized habitats, from February to May and in December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3C662FFFF582667FFCF869FC38F78E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/162886/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" targetBox="[175,1400,263,1895]" targetPageId="73">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF582667FFCF869FC38F78E" blockId="73.[151,1437,1968,2077]" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">
Figs 168-172. Female genitalia of Neotropical Spilomelinae, not to scale. (168)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF582667CA1F868FB17F857" box="[970,1155,1968,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Psara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chathamalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF582667CA1F868FB17F857" box="[970,1155,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">Psara chathamalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: slide MHNG-ENTO-8993, Galápagos, Española. (169)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF582667D54F814FCD5F870" box="[575,833,1997,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Rhectocraspeda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="periusalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF582667D54F814FCD5F870" box="[575,833,1997,2018]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">Rhectocraspeda periusalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: slide MHNG-ENTO-8982, Galápagos, Isabela. (170)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF582667A34F814FE5DF86D" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Salbia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haemorrhoidalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF582667A34F814FE5DF86D" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">Salbia haemorrhoidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: slide MHNG-ENTO-8994, Brazil. (171)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF582667C00F832FB80F86D" box="[875,1044,2026,2048]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Samea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castellalis" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF582667C00F832FB80F86D" box="[875,1044,2026,2048]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">Samea castellalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: slide MHNG-ENTO-8707, Galápagos, San Cristóbal. (172)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D24FFF582667E9AF7DEFDD0F789" box="[497,580,2054,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Samea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="388" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coffea" subFamily="Spilomelinae">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF582667E9AF7DEFDD0F789" box="[497,580,2054,2076]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="388">S. coffea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
paratype: slide MHNG-ENTO-8720.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF682657FFCFDEDFEBDFCFC" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF682657FFCFDEDFEBDFCFC" blockId="74.[151,756,564,878]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657FFCFDEDFEBAFDD9" bold="true" box="[151,302,564,587]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Distribution:</emphasis>
Based on the literature (for example
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657FFCFD8FFE5FFDFE" author="De Prins J. &amp; De Prins W." box="[151,459,597,621]" journalOrPublisher="World Wide Web electronic publication (www. afromoths. net) [last accessed" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" pagination="2015" part="30" refString="De Prins J., De Prins W. 2015. Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera). World Wide Web electronic publication (www. afromoths. net) [last accessed 30 October 2015]" title="Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="2015">De Prins &amp; De Prins, 2015</bibRefCitation>
; Shaffer &amp; Munroe, 2007;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657FFCFDACFEF5FD1E" author="Zimmerman E. C." box="[151,353,629,652]" journalOrPublisher="Insects of Hawaii, Honolulu" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" pagination="1 - 456" part="8" refString="Zimmerman E. C. 1958. Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea. Insects of Hawaii, Honolulu 8: i-xii, 1 - 456." title="Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea" type="journal article" year="1958">Zimmerman, 1958</bibRefCitation>
) and museum specimens this species is widespread around the world under warm climates, but it is also probably resident in
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657D65FD6FFDFAFD5F" box="[526,622,694,717]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Southern" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Southern</collectingRegion>
Europe and occasionally reaches northern Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657D3BFD0FFD78FD7D" author="Slamka F." bookContentInfo="357 pp." box="[592,748,726,751]" journalOrPublisher="Bratislava 3" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" refString="Slamka F. 2013. Pyraustinae and Spilomelinae. Pyraloidea of Europe, Bratislava 3: 357 pp." title="Pyraustinae and Spilomelinae. Pyraloidea of Europe" type="book" year="2013">Slamka, 2013</bibRefCitation>
) and south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFF682657E0DFD2FFE23FC9F" box="[358,439,758,781]" name="Canada" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Canada</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657EA1FD2EFD52FC9F" author="Patterson B." box="[458,710,758,783]" journalOrPublisher="North American Moth Photographers Group" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" publicationUrl="http://mothphotographersgroup.msstate.edu" refString="Patterson B. et al. 2015. North American Moth Photographers Group. http: // mothphotographersgroup. msstate. edu." title="et al" type="book" year="2015">
Patterson
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657D56FD21FDEDFC9F" box="[573,633,758,783]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">et al.</emphasis>
, 2015
</bibRefCitation>
). In the
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657FA8FCCEFEA0FCBC" box="[195,308,791,814]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
it has been collected on the islands of Española, Floreana,
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657E1DFCEEFE50FCDC" box="[374,452,823,846]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Isabela</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3547637FFF682657EB9FCE1FDFCFCDC" box="[466,616,823,848]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657EB9FCE1FDFCFCDC" box="[466,616,823,848]" country="Dominican Republic" name="San Cristobal" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">San Cristóbal</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657D1EFCE1FD7BFCC2" box="[629,751,824,848]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657FAFFC8EFEB1FCFC" box="[196,293,855,878]" country="Philippines" name="Santiago" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Santiago</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C359652CFFF682657FFCFC51FD4AFC6D" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC36A7FFF682657FFCFC51FD4AFC6D" blockId="74.[151,757,903,1025]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="B937EAB5FFF682657FFCFC51FE9DFC32" bold="true" box="[151,265,904,928]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Remarks:</emphasis>
I have identified a
<collectingRegion id="4987F845FFF682657E9BFC5EFDF5FC0C" box="[496,609,903,926]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
specimen of this species by comparing it with BMNH identified material, including the
<typeStatus id="54F88805FFF682657EF2FC10FE45FC73" box="[409,465,969,993]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">types</typeStatus>
of some of its synonyms. The
<typeStatus id="54F88805FFF682657FACFC30FF61FB93" box="[199,245,1001,1025]" pageId="74" pageNumber="389">type</typeStatus>
was not examined as it is lost (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B56FFF682657D28FC31FD46FC6D" author="Clarke J. F. G." box="[579,722,1000,1023]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, Washington" pageId="74" pageNumber="389" pagination="1 - 485" part="416" refString="Clarke J. F. G. 1986. Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, Washington 416: 1 - 485." title="Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago" type="journal article" year="1986">Clarke, 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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