209 lines
21 KiB
XML
209 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="CD0D53A6872B554E9E41EE80CC598FB1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b3e7716-1099-48ca-803b-620c25d788f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265809" ID-ZooBank="D598E724-C9E4-4BBA-B25D-511300A47B1D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050759050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E., Marion, Angela B. & Hedges, Blair" docDate="2016" docId="03EA87A5FFB61209F3988B2737AEF2D6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4104.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4104 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pithecopus Cope 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFD3FFDDFFA91229F30F8D5E333EF35E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698579563523" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="79E7EFA2E9165C249334EE5430A898B7">
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<mods:title id="BD5B3CE5E6EC0ABD99BF9F9DE3F159E9">Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="75455B7E7C73CEEAB5C690EC32DE583C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2150854C428E719C002BF2B5A5E6E3D2">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23FB88BA9D5440A70AA2D3820C600127">Marion, Angela B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="120B14BD79C94DB1F9D172F887936E80">Hedges, Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B996934593FF6E8EB533E132CED1E279">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="33F479B7BD90EB6126A8FA8B937B7843">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9E3A789CC9E002DC65ACBDC121DB83A6">
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<mods:date id="713181A601E497BC97706DD84E934E5E">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="85517AFEEFC9872F57F7B8EAA7EC5BDB" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1395F042E8205265B8A4A5B7603884F3">4104</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DD10AC0D631213D7007F4A581A710C34">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3E7D53055C176807295A5B64A85F21DA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EA87A5FFB61209F3988B2737AEF2D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5458534" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612014" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5458534" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87A5FFB61209F3988B2737AEF2D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87A5FFB61209F3988B2737AEF2D6" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB61236F3988B273290F5CD" box="[151,430,1657,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB61236F3988B273290F5CD" blockId="31.[151,430,1657,1683]" box="[151,430,1657,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0B481DFFFB61236F3988B273290F5CD" bold="true" box="[151,430,1657,1683]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F3988B273290F5CD" ID-CoL="6QYV" authority="Cope, 1866" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,430,1657,1683]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988B273290F5CD" bold="true" box="[151,430,1657,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988B273222F5CD" bold="true" box="[151,284,1657,1683]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pithecopus</emphasis>
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Cope, 1866
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596538FFB61236F3988B9E31BDF4B7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB61236F3988B9E318EF44D" blockId="31.[151,1436,1728,1811]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB53119DFFB61236F3988B9E318EF44D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F3988B9E329BF588" ID-CoL="6QYV" authority="Cope, 1866:86" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="86" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,421,1728,1750]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988B9E3236F588" box="[151,264,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pithecopus</emphasis>
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Cope, 1866:86
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54F88811FFB61236F2A08B9F32DFF588" box="[431,481,1729,1750]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F1318B9E30ABF588" authority="Cope, 1862" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1862" box="[574,917,1728,1750]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurea">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F1318B9E3026F588" box="[574,792,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Phyllomedusa azurea</emphasis>
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Cope, 1862
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988B80321DF5AA" box="[151,291,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bradymedusa</emphasis>
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Miranda-Ribeiro. 1926:104.
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<typeStatus id="54F88811FFB61236F1448B813143F5AA" box="[587,637,1759,1780]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F1D58B8030F2F5AA" box="[730,972,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bradymedusa moschata</emphasis>
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Miranda Ribeiro (=
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F7928B80364AF5AA" box="[1181,1396,1758,1780]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohdei">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F7928B80364AF5AA" box="[1181,1396,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Phyllomedusa rohdei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by subsequent designation by
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE210A2FFB61236F2D78BA33192F44D" author="Funkhouser" box="[472,684,1789,1811]" page="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1957">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FFB61236F2D78BA331B1F44D" author="Funkhouser" box="[472,655,1789,1811]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Funkhouser, A. (1957) A review of the neotropical tree-frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Museum Stanford University, 5, 2 - 90." type="journal article" year="1957">Funkhouser 1957</bibRefCitation>
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:18
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB61236F3988A613746F423" blockId="31.[151,1436,1855,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988A613228F406" bold="true" box="[151,278,1855,1880]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Definition.</emphasis>
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Medium-sized species (SVL ±
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<quantity id="4CBB9B56FFB61236F1758A6131F1F406" box="[634,719,1855,1880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
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); Toe I much longer than, and opposable to Toe II (
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<figureCitation id="13782A36FFB61236F62B8A6136B1F406" box="[1316,1423,1855,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 13. A" captionStartId="33.[151,250,673,695]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,651]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[152,1436,193,652]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 13. A. Pithecopus hypochondrialis, KU 183441, Okinawa 1, 300 m, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. D. C. Cannatella. B. Phyllomedusa bicolor, KU 124907, Leticia, 96 m, Amazonas, Colombia. W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265825/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
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); vomerine teeth absent; tadpoles with moderately small oral disc directed anteroventrally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FFB61236F3C88AD931BDF4B7" blockId="31.[151,1436,1855,2025]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3C88AD93210F4FE" bold="true" box="[199,302,1927,1952]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Content.</emphasis>
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Nine species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F2ED8AD931C5F4C1" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" box="[482,763,1927,1952]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayeaye">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F2ED8AD93187F4FE" box="[482,697,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pithecopus ayeaye</emphasis>
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Lutz
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F0038AD73080F4FE" authority="Cope" authorityName="Cope" box="[780,958,1928,1952]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azureus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F0038AD7305CF4FE" box="[780,866,1929,1952]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">azureus</emphasis>
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(Cope)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F0C08AD937E8F4FE" authority="Bokermann" authorityName="Bokermann" box="[975,1238,1927,1952]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F0C08AD9370FF4FE" box="[975,1073,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">centralis</emphasis>
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(Bokermann)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F7E98AD933C1F49B" authority="Daudin" authorityName="Daudin" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypochondrialis">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F7E98AD936A2F4FE" box="[1254,1436,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">hypochondrialis</emphasis>
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(Daudin)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F2048AF231BBF49B" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" box="[267,645,1964,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="megacephalus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F2048AF23295F49B" box="[267,427,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">megacephalus</emphasis>
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(Miranda-Ribeiro)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F19D8AF23088F49B" authority="Caramaschi" authorityName="Caramaschi" box="[658,950,1964,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nordestinus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F19D8AF2302AF49B" box="[658,788,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">nordestinus</emphasis>
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(Caramaschi)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F0CD8AF237A8F49B" authority="Brandao" authorityName="Brandao" box="[962,1174,1964,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oreades">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F0CD8AF23724F49B" box="[962,1050,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">oreades</emphasis>
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(Brandão)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F7AC8AF23659F49A" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[1187,1383,1964,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palliatus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F7AC8AF2363BF49B" box="[1187,1285,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">palliatus</emphasis>
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(Peters)
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FFB61236F3988A8E3269F4B6" authority="Mertens" authorityName="Mertens" box="[151,343,2000,2025]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rohdei">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FFB61236F3988A8E33E1F4B7" box="[151,223,2000,2025]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">rohdei</emphasis>
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(Mertens)
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</taxonomicName>
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, all are new combinations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596538FF891209F3C88DC9322EF3A6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF891209F3C88DC9322EF3A6" blockId="32.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F3C88DC9325EF3EE" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Tropical South
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF891209F11B8DC9314AF3EE" box="[532,628,151,176]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">America</collectingCountry>
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east of the Andes from southern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF891209F0E68DC93762F3EE" box="[1001,1116,151,176]" name="Venezuela" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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to northern
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<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF891209F7E98DC9366BF3EE" box="[1254,1365,151,176]" name="Argentina" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F3C88DE23270F38B" bold="true" box="[199,334,188,213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The generic name is derived from the Greek
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F0808DE23739F38B" box="[911,1031,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">pithekodes</emphasis>
|
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meaning ape-like. The gender is masculine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596538FF891209F3C88C5A37AEF2D6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF891209F3C88C5A37AEF2D6" blockId="32.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F3C88C5A3205F243" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,285]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Lutz’s (1966) resurrection of Cope’s genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F0338C5A3086F243" box="[828,952,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F0338C5A3086F243" box="[828,952,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pithecopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was not accepted by most herpetologists; instead these frogs were designated as the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F1798C7930ECF21E" box="[630,978,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypochondrialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F1798C7930ECF21E" box="[630,978,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B42FF891209F7668C793663F21E" author="Faivovich" box="[1129,1373,295,320]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Faivovich, J., Haddad, C. F. B., Baeta, D., Jungfer, K. - H., Alvares, G. F. R., Brandao, R. A., Sheil, C., Barrientos, L. S., Barrio- Amoros, C. L., Cruz, C. A. G. & Wheeler, W. C. (2010) The phylogenetic relationships of the charismatic poster frogs, Phyllomedusinae (Anura, Hylidae). Cladistics, 26, 227 - 261. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2009.00287. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Faivovich
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F7EF8C773627F21E" box="[1248,1305,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F2348C123286F23B" box="[315,440,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F2348C123286F23B" box="[315,440,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pithecopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strongly supported (100%), as is the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F71B8C1237AEF23B" authority="Callimedusa" authorityName="Callimedusa" box="[1044,1168,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F71B8C1237AEF23B" box="[1044,1168,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pithecopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F7A28C123605F23B" box="[1197,1339,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Callimedusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F7A28C123605F23B" box="[1197,1339,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Callimedusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A36FF891209F6458C1236B0F23A" box="[1354,1422,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[205,1424,1381,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1472,1381,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of arboranan frogs based on DNA sequence data from 19 genes (16,128 aligned sites). The tree is rooted with Ceuthomantis smaragdinus, Dendrobates auratus, Haddadus binotatus, and Rhinoderma darwinii (not shown). Bootstrap support values are indicated at nodes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265813/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The larger frogs in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF891209F2EF8C313141F2D6" box="[480,639,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Phyllomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF891209F2EF8C313141F2D6" box="[480,639,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phyllomedusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A36FF891209F1828C3131E0F2D6" box="[653,734,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 13. A" captionStartId="33.[151,250,673,695]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,651]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[152,1436,193,652]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 13. A. Pithecopus hypochondrialis, KU 183441, Okinawa 1, 300 m, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. D. C. Cannatella. B. Phyllomedusa bicolor, KU 124907, Leticia, 96 m, Amazonas, Colombia. W. E. Duellman." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265825/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
B) tend not to be agile branch walkers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |