190 lines
28 KiB
XML
190 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="68EF0A18512B81BEB597717A9C1EA2F8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10099866" ID-ZooBank="6B2E0F80-73A2-4F66-B1A6-2D9481EAAB74" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629939946815" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bartsch, Daniel" docDate="2013" docId="03E587E7FFC9440DFF4FF992FD20DA86" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03741p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3741 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alonina Walker 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFDCFF9FFFCF440AFFD8FF83FFA5DF63" masterDocTitle="Revisionary checklist of the Southern African Sesiini (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) with description of new species" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699599110793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2B150C4C42AFF64E31237FD48989BD1E">Revisionary checklist of the Southern African Sesiini (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) with description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4C28421E43213536BAE7BAD203BD385B">Bartsch, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D121FE18353CE163B63C61AB5374D773">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4E6D80A917126E6D6ED202CB3B7D4AD0">
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<mods:date id="37DE54A370355EA09D407F6959DD20AE">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="958E101A3804A57438109F153B0846B0">2013-11-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E3AFB7EFCFA502206426210C2350DE24">3741</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="6B02C4CEDC119B594C78C4D63103DDBC">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D97F3E702C551B86E4BED357D4C35222">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BFDCE84E05B6217101D67D164202AC20" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3741.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B73D0143CAB9094A3D738AE1035E1883" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E587E7FFC9440DFF4FF992FD20DA86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5475308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5475308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E587E7FFC9440DFF4FF992FD20DA86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E587E7FFC9440DFF4FF992FD20DA86" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFC9440CFF4FF992FE01D948" box="[151,420,1553,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC9440CFF4FF992FE01D948" blockId="6.[151,420,1553,1579]" box="[151,420,1553,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0BB819DFFC9440CFF4FF992FE01D948" bold="true" box="[151,420,1553,1579]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC9440CFF4FF992FE01D948" ID-CoL="8ZZGT" authority="Walker, 1856" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,420,1553,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFF4FF992FE01D948" bold="true" box="[151,420,1553,1579]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFF4FF992FF5CD948" bold="true" box="[151,249,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alonina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFED8F992FE01D948" author="Walker" box="[256,420,1553,1579]" firstAuthor="Walker" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref29640" refString="Walker, F. (1856) Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 8, 1 - 271. [8 - 72, 83 - 84, 260, 270 (index)]" type="journal volume" year="1856">Walker, 1856</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFC9440CFF4FF9DBFE2AD9A9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC9440CFF4FF9DBFCF4D90E" blockId="6.[151,1435,1624,1738]" box="[151,849,1624,1646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<typeStatus id="54F78853FFC9440CFF4FF9DBFF6CD90E" box="[151,201,1624,1645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC9440CFEFEF9DBFD1FD90D" authority="Walker, 1856: 63" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1856" box="[294,698,1624,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rygchiiformis">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFEFEF9DBFDA0D90D" box="[294,517,1624,1646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alonina rygchiiformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFDD3F9DBFD1FD90D" author="Walker" box="[523,698,1624,1646]" firstAuthor="Walker" page="63" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref29640" refString="Walker, F. (1856) Sphingidae. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, 8, 1 - 271. [8 - 72, 83 - 84, 260, 270 (index)]" type="journal volume" year="1856">Walker, 1856: 63</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC9440CFF4FF9F5FE2AD9A9" blockId="6.[151,1435,1624,1738]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Literature.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFED2F9F5FE08D9EF" author="Boisduval" box="[266,429,1654,1676]" firstAuthor="Boisduval" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref27612" refString="Boisduval, J. A. (1875) Sphingides, Sesiides, Castnides [" 1874 "]. Tribu des Sesiaires. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. In: Boisduval, J. A. & Guenee, A. (Ed.), Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lepidopteres Heteroceres, Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 1 (4), pp. i - iv + 1 - 568, pls. 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1875">Boisduval 1875</bibRefCitation>
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[imprint “1874”]: 464;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFD72F9F4FCD1D9EF" author="Hampson" box="[682,884,1654,1676]" firstAuthor="Hampson" page="78" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="46 - 119" refId="ref28526" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1919) A classification of the Aegeriadae of the Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. Novitates Zoologicae, 26 (1), 46 - 119." type="journal article" year="1919">Hampson 1919: 78</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFC59F9F5FB71D9EF" author="Dalla Torre & Strand" box="[897,1236,1654,1676]" firstAuthor="Dalla Torre" page="119" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref27751" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. & Strand, E. (1925) Aegeriidae. Lepidopterorum Catalogus, 31. W. Junk, Berlin, 202 pp." type="book" year="1925">Dalla Torre & Strand 1925: 119</bibRefCitation>
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; Gaede 1929: 527;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFF1FF915FE2ED9C8" author="Naumann" box="[199,395,1685,1707]" firstAuthor="Naumann" page="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref29205" refString="Naumann, C. M. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Phylogenese der holarktischen Sesiiden (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Bonner Zoologische Monographien, 1, 190 pp." type="book" year="1971">Naumann 1971: 12</bibRefCitation>
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; Fletcher & Nye 1982: 8;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFD4BF915FC7BD9C8" author="Heppner & Duckworth" box="[659,990,1685,1707]" firstAuthor="Heppner" page="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref28716" refString="Heppner, J. B. & Duckworth, W. D. (1981) Classification of the Superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera, Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 314, 1 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.314" type="journal article" year="1981">Heppner & Duckworth 1981: 42</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFC31F916FA88D9C8" author="Vari, Kroon & Kruger" box="[1001,1325,1685,1707]" firstAuthor="Vari" page="67" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref29547" refString="Vari, L., Kroon, D. M. & Kruger, M. (2002) Classification and Checklist of the species of Lepidoptera recorded in Southern Afrika. Simple Solutions, Chatswood, Australia, 384 pp." type="book" year="2002">Vári, Kroon & Krüger 2002: 67</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDD4B00FFC9440CFAEFF916FE2ED9A9" author="Puhringer & Kallies" firstAuthor="Puhringer" page="43" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="185" refId="ref29350" refString="Puhringer, F. & Kallies, A. (2004) Provisional checklist of the Sesiidae of the world (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Mitteilungen der Entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Salzkammergut, 4, 185. Available from: http: // www. sesiidae. net / Checklst. htm (accessed 30 October 2013)" type="journal article" year="2004">Pühringer & Kallies 2004: 43</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C356657AFFC9440DFF4EF975FB3FDC8E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC9440DFF4EF975FA31DE96" blockId="6.[150,1436,1782,2023]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,1509]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFF4EF975FEE1D86C" bold="true" box="[150,324,1782,1807]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Medium sized to very large clearwing moths with wingspans from approximately
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<quantity id="4CB49B14FFC9440CFB35F975FA98D86D" box="[1261,1341,1782,1807]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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to more than
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<quantity id="4CB49B14FFC9440CFF0CF899FE8CD851" box="[212,297,1818,1843]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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and sometimes very distinct sexual dimorphism. Head with haustellum usually well developed (weakly sclerotized in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC9440CFE7EF8BCFDC0D834" baseAuthorityName="Freina" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[422,613,1854,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteopunctata">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFE7EF8BCFDC0D834" box="[422,613,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. luteopunctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); labial palpus with first palpomere short, second palpomere slightly upturned and almost twice as long as third one (females of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC9440CFC95F8E0FC0FD818" authorityName="Bartsch" authorityYear="2013" box="[845,938,1890,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC9440CFC95F8E0FC0FD818" box="[845,938,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A. fusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with palpomeres 2 and 3 of equal length); palpomeres 1 and 2 dorsally smooth, ventrally rough with somewhat appressed, laterally protruding scales; frons width about 1.4–1.7× the diameter of the eye, slightly rough laterally and with scattered short, hair-like scales; scales of vertex and pericephalic scales hair-like, but rather short; antenna of the male clavate, flagellum somewhat serrate, ciliate, with ciliae longest proximally, lacking at tip (
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFC8440DFCBBFF14FC4DDFD3" box="[867,1000,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–98" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1760,1783]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,227,1701]" captionTargetId="figure-58@39.[151,1436,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 92–98. Male antennae: (92) Alonina pyrocraspis (Hampson, 1910); (93) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (94) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863; (95) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (96) Felderiola candescens (Felder & Felder, 1874); (97) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (98) Hagnogyna bartschi (Freina, 2011)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099889/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 92–93</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFC8440DFC2FFF14FB80DFD3" box="[1015,1061,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 99–106" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-70@40.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 99–106. Scanning electron microscope pictures of antennae: (99) Cicinnoscelis flavipes new sp., #f holotype; (100) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (101) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863; (102) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (103) Felderiola karooensis new sp.; (104) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (105) Hagnogyna bartschi (Freina, 2011); (106) Sesia bembeciformis (Hübner, 1803)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">100</figureCitation>
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); female antenna without ciliae; scapus ventrally with a small tuft of hair-like scales. Thorax strong, in males densely mottled with hair-like scales; male abdomen long, spindle-shaped and with well developed anal tuft, female abdomen cylindrical, with small, sometimes reduced anal tuft. Legs strong; mid- and hind tibia as well as first tarsomere of hind leg tufted with long and rough, hair-like scales; lateral spur half as long as mesal one on all spur pairs. Wings with well developed transparent areas, in females sometimes opaque or semitransparent; apical area present, highly variable in width; discal spot of forewing medium wide to narrow, often bordered distally with orange or red, discal spot of hindwing very short and narrow; wing venation (
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFC8440DFD8DFE17FD0DDECE" box="[597,680,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–91" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1763,1786]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,202,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-70@38.[151,1436,193,1742]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 84–91. Wing venations: (84) Cicinnoscelis longipes Holland, 1893; (85) Alonina rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (86) Anaudia felderi Wallengren, 1863, syntype; (87) Austrosetia semirufa Felder & Felder, 1874; (88) Felderiola candescens (Felder & Felder, 1874); (89) Monopetalotaxis doleriformis (Walker, 1856); (90) Hagnogyna sanguicosta (Hampson, 1919); (91) Vespanthedon cerceris Le Cerf, 1917, holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099887/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
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) of forewing with R1 to R3 approximated, R4 and R5 stalked; all veins from stalk of R4/R5 to M3 arise equally spaced from cross vein; CuA1 and CuA2 approximated, arise closely together from cell tornus; hindwing venation of the typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFCF6FE5FFCDFDE96" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" box="[814,890,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sesiini">Sesiini</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54F78853FFC8440DFC59FE5FFC14DE97" box="[897,945,476,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
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with veins M3 and CuA1 variably stalked.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC8440DFF1FFE7CFBF0DC3E" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFE7CFD9DDD7B" box="[199,568,511,536]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFE7CFED3DD7B" bold="true" box="[199,374,511,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13772A74FFC8440DFE51FE7CFD89DD7B" box="[393,556,511,536]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 109–110" captionStart-1="FIGURES 111–112" captionStartId-0="42.[151,264,1850,1873]" captionStartId-1="43.[151,264,1784,1807]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1427,193,1829]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1426,193,1751]" captionTargetId-0="figure-36@42.[151,1436,193,1829]" captionTargetId-1="figure-35@43.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId-0="42" captionTargetPageId-1="43" captionText-0="FIGURES 109–110. Male genitalia of Alonina Walker, 1856: (109) A. rygchiiformis Walker, 1856; (110) A. pyrocraspis (Hampson, 1910)." captionText-1="FIGURES 111–112. Male genitalia of Alonina Walker, 1856: (111) A. rufa new sp., paratype; (112) A. fusca new sp., paratype." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099895" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099897" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10099895/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10099897/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 109–112</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
|
||
Tegumen narrow; gnathos small, forming two short, down curved hooks; uncus narrow, dorsally with several hairs, ventro-lateral margins densely covered with bristle-like and proximad pointing setae, in lateral view straight or concave, “shoe-shaped”, dorsally fused and ventrally connected to tegumen by a membrane; valva oblong or broad, rectangular, often somewhat upturned, inner surface without crista or other raised structures, medially and distally densely covered with proximad pointing, bristle-like, apically bifurcate setae; juxta narrow, posteriorly wide projected; vinculum with narrow processes vinculi, dorsally fused with tegumen, ventrally forming a short to moderately long saccus; manica with numerous minute spines; phallus long and slender, almost straight, as long or somewhat longer than valva; coecum penis slightly curved, proximally rounded; vesica tubular, proximally slightly bulbous, with a transverse sclerotized structure which is sometimes covered with teeth or thorns, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFE24FCC7FD17DC3E" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[508,690,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rygchiiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFE24FCC7FD17DC3E" box="[508,690,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. rygchiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with long, proximad pointing spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC8440DFF1FFCE4FB3FDC8E" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFCE4FDEEDCE3" box="[199,587,871,896]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFCE4FE2BDCE3" bold="true" box="[199,398,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13772A74FFC8440DFE46FCE4FD9ADCE3" box="[414,575,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–123" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1720,1743]" captionTargetBox="[151,1407,208,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-35@49.[151,1436,193,1700]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 122–123. Female genitalia of Alonina Walker, 1856: (122) A. luteopunctata (Freina, 2011), paratype; (123) A. pyrethra (Hampson, 1919), holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10099909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10099909/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 122–123</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Papillae anales and segment eight rather short and broad, each with some strong bristles posteriorly; anterior and posterior apophyses nearly of the same length; ostium bursae wide, funnelshaped, located ventro-basally of segment eight; ductus bursae more or less twisted, with rather narrow, straight, well sclerotized antrum forming a round to slightly ovoid bursa copulatrix, without signum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C356657AFFC8440DFF1FFC74FD20DA86" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC8440DFF1FFC74FB2DDA4C" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFC74FEE4DB73" bold="true" box="[199,321,1015,1040]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFDEBFC74FD29DB73" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[563,652,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFDEBFC74FD29DB73" box="[563,652,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Alonina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are medium sized to large clearwing moths, easily distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFF26FB9FFEEEDB56" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1828" box="[254,331,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sesiini">Sesiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Southern Africa by the ciliate, rather than pectinate or simple antenna of the male. The male genitalia are characterized by the following putative synapomorphies: (1) uncus “shoe-shaped”, dorsally seamlessly fused with tegumen and in lateral view straight or concave; (2) gnathos forming two symetric, short, down curved hooks (3) setae of valva bristle-like, apically mostly bifurcate, rarely pointed; (4) setae in a distally and medially located, basad pointing arrangement. Members of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFC27FB2FFBD0DBA6" authorityName="Naumann" authorityYear="1971" box="[1023,1141,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Felderiola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFC27FB2FFBD0DBA6" box="[1023,1141,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Felderiola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFB6BFB2FFACADBA6" authorityName="Wallengren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1203,1391,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Monopetalotaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFB6BFB2FFACADBA6" box="[1203,1391,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Monopetalotaxis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are superficially similar. They differ by the lack of a functional haustellum, the males moreover by the simple or sometimes pectinate antenna and the strong thorn-like setae of the valva. Several unidentified females in the TMPS may belong to undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFD9AFA94FD3EDA53" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[578,667,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFD9AFA94FD3EDA53" box="[578,667,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Alonina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or represent colour variants of known ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF336F1FFC8440DFF1FFABFFD20DA86" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFF1FFABFFD90DA36" bold="true" box="[199,565,1340,1365]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Composition and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Currently
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFD6BFABFFCA9DA36" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[691,780,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFD6BFABFFCA9DA36" box="[691,780,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Alonina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comprises five species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFBF0FABFFB44DA36" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[1064,1249,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rygchiiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFBF0FABFFB44DA36" box="[1064,1249,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. rygchiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFB2AFABFFAD6DA36" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[1266,1395,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrethra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFB2AFABFFAD6DA36" box="[1266,1395,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. pyrethra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFA5CFABFFEBFDA14" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrocraspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFA5CFABFFEBFDA14" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. pyrocraspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFEF1FAE3FED2DA1B" authorityName="Bartsch" authorityYear="2013" box="[297,375,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFEF1FAE3FED2DA1B" box="[297,375,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. rufa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFE77FAE3FDACDA1B" authorityName="Bartsch" authorityYear="2013" box="[431,521,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFE77FAE3FDACDA1B" box="[431,521,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. fusca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The majority of this species is restricted to the southernmost part of the African continent and appear to be associated with the fynbos vegetation of the cap region. Only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4C4D72FFC8440DFBAAFA07FA8DDAFE" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[1138,1320,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Sesiidae" genus="Alonina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rygchiiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B938EAE3FFC8440DFBAAFA07FA8DDAFE" box="[1138,1320,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. rygchiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which by the structures of the male valva and vesica and the distinct sexual dimorphism has a somewhat isolated position within the genus, occurs also in East Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |