treatments-xml/data/03/CC/87/03CC87DB056BFFFEFF6CA991FA7EF922.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

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<document id="DCF36DE367AE9F11C6F5246F342D166A" ID-CLB-Dataset="3575" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b8d33b9-c9df-4f9d-abeb-de1c7b84f3e0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5681899" ID-ZooBank="AF3DF45F-B248-4BDD-904F-F55D735DC867" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1636616939909" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Karunarathne, Krishan D. &amp; Croos, M. D. S. T. De" docDate="2021" docId="03CC87DB056BFFFEFF6CA991FA7EF922" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5067.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5067 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Appendicularia Lahille 1890" docType="key" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="370" masterDocId="FFF5FFA30579FFECFFFBAB22FFE3FFF9" masterDocTitle="Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="352" pageNumber="370" updateTime="1699468210174" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="3E264640303BFE2A1AB91B555C1A92A7">Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="79A8E7FE60E1663AC069A668DA6A92B0">Karunarathne, Krishan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8CE777AA67A0A1F54E80A412B0E8CEA5">Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, 60170, Sri Lanka. &amp; krishankarunarathne @ gmail. com; krishan. dk @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1780 - 9749</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13C3E29B4E918AC996B2A32EA5C26DD2">Croos, M. D. S. T. De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5EF0FACC65A2F993E72F987BC1ABFF32">Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, 60170, Sri Lanka. &amp; dileepa _ dc @ yahoo. com; dileepad @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4449 - 6573</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFEE5A990FE01FD35" ID-CoL="622C5" authorityName="Lahille" authorityYear="1890" box="[286,482,690,716]" class="Appendicularia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Appendicularia</taxonomicName>
species of
<collectingCountry id="F372765D056BFFFEFD9DA990FD06FD34" box="[614,741,690,717]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA9F5FB93FD08" blockId="18.[151,1136,690,753]" box="[151,1136,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
(based on
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C056BFFFEFEF1A9F5FE44FD08" author="Tokioka, T." box="[266,423,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" pagination="351 - 443" refId="ref24047" refString="Tokioka, T. (1960) Studies on the distribution of appendicularians and some thaliaceans of the North Pacific, with some morphological notes. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 8 (2), 351 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 174644" type="journal article" year="1960">Tokioka 1960</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C056BFFFEFE48A9F5FD8DFD08" author="Buckmann, A." box="[435,622,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref19768" refString="Buckmann, A. (1969) Appendicularia. Conseil International Pour L'Exploration de la Mer, 7, 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.17895 / ices. pub. 4917" type="journal article" year="1969">Bückmann 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C056BFFFEFD81A9F5FCEDFD08" author="Fenaux, R." box="[634,782,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" refId="ref20270" refString="Fenaux, R. (1993) The classification of the Appendicularia (Tunicata): History and current state. Memoires de l'Institut Oceanographique 17. l'Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 123 pp." type="book" year="1993">Fenaux 1993</bibRefCitation>
, 1998;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C056BFFFEFCA4A9F5FB8BFD08" author="Aravena, G. &amp; Palma, S." box="[863,1128,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" pagination="307 - 325" refId="ref19322" refString="Aravena, G. &amp; Palma, S. (2002) Taxonomic identification of appendicularians collected in the epipelagic waters off northern Chile (Tunicata, Appendicularia). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 75 (2), 307 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0716 - 078 X 2002000200005" type="journal article" year="2002">Aravena &amp; Palma 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA83EFA7FFCB7" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA83EFA7FFCB7" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">1 Usually trunk flattened or spindle-shaped; endostyle curved upwards; tail orientated at the right angle to body: Family Fritillaridae............................................................................................. 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA875FA7FFC92" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,854,876]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA875FA7FFC92" box="[151,1436,854,876]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
- Trunk oval in shape and on the same axis as tail; endostyle straight: Family
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFC41A874FBA0FC95" ID-CoL="7NK4P" authorityName="Lohmann" authorityYear="1915" box="[954,1091,854,876]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Oikopleuridae</taxonomicName>
........................... 2
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<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA856FA7FFC70" box="[151,1436,884,906]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
2 Digestive tract incompletely developed; no oral glands and subchordal cells.......................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB31A856FA7FFC70" ID-CoL="6R7QC" baseAuthorityName="Ritter in Ritter &amp; Byxbee" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1226,1436,884,905]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Megalocercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="huxleyi">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB31A856FA7FFC70" box="[1226,1436,884,905]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Megalocercus huxleyi</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA8B3FA7FFC5F" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,913,935]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA8B3FA7FFC5F" box="[151,1436,913,935]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Digestive tract completely developed..................................................................... 3</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA88CFA7EFC3D" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1437,942,964]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA88CFA7EFC3D" box="[151,1437,942,964]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
3 Digestive tract forms a loop broadly open to the front; oral glands and subchordal cells present.........
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB27A88DFA7EFC3D" baseAuthorityName="Langerhans" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1244,1437,943,964]" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Stegosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB27A88DFA7EFC3D" box="[1244,1437,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Stegosoma magnum</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA8EEFA7FFC18" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,972,994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA8EEFA7FFC18" box="[151,1436,972,994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Digestive tract compactly coiled into a nucleus.............................................................. 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CA8CBFA7FFBE5" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CA8CBFA7FFC07" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1001,1023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CA8CBFA7FFC07" box="[151,1436,1001,1023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">4 Oral glands and subchordal cells present................................................................... 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF25FA7FFBE5" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1030,1052]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF25FA7FFBE5" box="[151,1436,1030,1052]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Oral glands and subchordal cells absent.................................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAF01FA7FFBAE" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF01FA7FFBC0" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1059,1082]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF01FA7FFBC0" box="[151,1436,1059,1082]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
5 Ceacum developed upwards and backwards...............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB32AF06FA7FFBC0" ID-CoL="48ZWW" authorityName="Fol, 1872 Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" box="[1225,1436,1060,1081]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB32AF06FA7FFBC0" box="[1225,1436,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura fusiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF63FA7FFBAE" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1089,1111]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF63FA7FFBAE" box="[151,1436,1089,1111]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Ceacum directed either upward or backward only............................................................ 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAF7CFA7FFB68" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF7CFA7FFB8A" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1118,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF7CFA7FFB8A" box="[151,1436,1118,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
6 Small ceacum directed backwards.........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB1BAF7CFA7FFB8A" ID-CoL="48ZWX" box="[1248,1436,1118,1139]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB1BAF7CFA7FFB8A" box="[1248,1436,1118,1139]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF5EFA7FFB68" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1148,1170]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF5EFA7FFB68" box="[151,1436,1148,1170]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Finger-shaped ceacum directed upwards................................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAFBBFA7FFB32" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAFBBFA7FFB57" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1177,1199]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAFBBFA7FFB57" box="[151,1436,1177,1199]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
7 Ceacum close to the cardial region.......................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB46AFBBFA7FFB57" ID-CoL="48ZWZ" authorityName=": Lohmann" authorityYear="1896" box="[1213,1436,1177,1198]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB46AFBBFA7FFB57" box="[1213,1436,1177,1198]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAF95FA7FFB32" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1206,1228]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAF95FA7FFB32" box="[151,1436,1206,1228]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
- Ceacum separated from the cardial region by a wide bight....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB3AAF94FA7FFB32" ID-CoL="48ZWY" authorityName="Lohmann, Fenaux" authorityYear="1969" box="[1217,1436,1206,1227]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB3AAF94FA7FFB32" box="[1217,1436,1206,1227]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAFF6FA7FFAFF" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAFF6FA7FFB10" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1236,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAFF6FA7FFB10" box="[151,1436,1236,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
8 Numerous subchordal cells, arranged in two rows.............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB23AFF6FA7FFB10" ID-CoL="48ZX2" baseAuthorityName="Leuckart" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1240,1436,1236,1257]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicans">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB23AFF6FA7FFB10" box="[1240,1436,1236,1257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAFD3FA7FFAFF" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1265,1287]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAFD3FA7FFAFF" box="[151,1436,1265,1287]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Subchordal cells few, arranged in a single row.............................................................. 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAE2CFA7FFAB8" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE2CFA7FFADA" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1294,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE2CFA7FFADA" box="[151,1436,1294,1316]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
9 With small postcardial ceacum on the left stomach lobe.....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB41AE2CFA7FFADA" ID-CoL="48ZX4" authorityName=": Lohmann" authorityYear="1896" box="[1210,1436,1294,1315]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cophocerca">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB41AE2CFA7FFADA" box="[1210,1436,1294,1315]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura cophocerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE0EFA7FFAB8" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1324,1346]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE0EFA7FFAB8" box="[151,1436,1324,1346]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Without postcardial ceacum on the left stomach lobe........................................................ 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAE6BFA7FFA82" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE6BFA7EFAA7" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1437,1353,1375]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE6BFA7EFAA7" box="[151,1437,1353,1375]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
10 One spindle-shaped cell................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB35AE6BFA7EFAA7" ID-CoL="48ZXB" authorityName="Fol, 1872 Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" box="[1230,1437,1353,1374]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB35AE6BFA7EFAA7" box="[1230,1437,1353,1374]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE45FA7FFA82" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1382,1404]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE45FA7FFA82" box="[151,1436,1382,1404]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
- Two spindle-shaped cells..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB16AE44FA7FFA82" ID-CoL="48ZX5" authorityName="Fol" authorityYear="1872" box="[1261,1436,1382,1403]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dioica">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB16AE44FA7FFA82" box="[1261,1436,1382,1403]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Oikopleura dioica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAEA6FA7FFA4F" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAEA6FA7EFA60" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1437,1412,1434]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAEA6FA7EFA60" box="[151,1437,1412,1434]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
11 Anterior ovaries.........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB0FAEA6FA7EFA60" ID-CoL="553KG" authorityName="Fenaux" authorityYear="1969" baseAuthorityName="Lohmann" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1268,1437,1412,1433]" class="Appendicularia" family="Fritillariidae" genus="Tectillaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fertilis">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB0FAEA6FA7EFA60" box="[1268,1437,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Tectillaria fertilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE83FA7FFA4F" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1441,1463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE83FA7FFA4F" box="[151,1436,1441,1463]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Posterior ovaries..................................................................................... 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAE9CFA7FFA08" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAE9CFA7FFA2D" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1470,1492]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAE9CFA7FFA2D" box="[151,1436,1470,1492]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">12 Distal end of the tail acuminate......................................................................... 15</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAEFEFA7FFA08" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1500,1522]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAEFEFA7FFA08" box="[151,1436,1500,1522]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Distal end of the tail notched........................................................................... 13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAEDBFA7FF9D2" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAEDBFA7FF9F7" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1529,1551]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAEDBFA7FF9F7" box="[151,1436,1529,1551]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
13 Amphichordal cells absent................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB1CAEDBFA7FF9F7" authorityName="Lohmann, 1896 Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" box="[1255,1436,1529,1550]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB1CAEDBFA7FF9F7" box="[1255,1436,1529,1550]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAD35FA7FF9D2" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1558,1580]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAD35FA7FF9D2" box="[151,1436,1558,1580]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Amphichordal cells present............................................................................ 14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAD16FA7FF99F" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAD16FA7FF9B0" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1588,1610]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAD16FA7FF9B0" box="[151,1436,1588,1610]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
14 Testis trapezoidal and laterally encircled by the ovary in a string..................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB17AD16FA7FF9B0" authorityName="Lohmann, 1896 Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" box="[1260,1436,1588,1609]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venusta">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB17AD16FA7FF9B0" box="[1260,1436,1588,1609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria venusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAD73FA7FF99F" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1617,1639]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAD73FA7FF99F" box="[151,1436,1617,1639]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
- Testis Y-shaped and ovary spherical........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB27AD73FA7FF99F" authorityName="Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" baseAuthorityName="Busch" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1244,1436,1617,1638]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pellucida">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB27AD73FA7FF99F" box="[1244,1436,1617,1638]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria pellucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAD4CFA7FF95B" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAD4CFA7EF97A" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1437,1646,1668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAD4CFA7EF97A" box="[151,1437,1646,1668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
15 Ciliated rings of the branchial passages oval and elongated......................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB11AD4CFA7EF97A" box="[1258,1437,1646,1667]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraudax">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB11AD4CFA7EF97A" box="[1258,1437,1646,1667]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria fraudax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CADAEFA7FF95B" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1676,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CADAEFA7FF95B" box="[151,1436,1676,1698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">- Ciliated rings of the branchial passages circular............................................................ 16</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30912E68056BFFFEFF6CAD8BFA7EF922" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CAD8BFA7FF947" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1436,1705,1727]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CAD8BFA7FF947" box="[151,1436,1705,1727]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
16 Trunk oval, compressed dorsoventrally......................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB17AD8BFA7FF947" ID-CoL="6JPVY" authorityName="Lohmann, 1896 Fenaux" authorityYear="1969" box="[1260,1436,1705,1726]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB17AD8BFA7FF947" box="[1260,1436,1705,1726]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD056BFFFEFF6CADE5FA7EF922" blockId="18.[151,1437,796,1756]" box="[151,1437,1734,1756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
<keyLead id="309495F8056BFFFEFF6CADE5FA7EF922" box="[151,1437,1734,1756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">
- Trunk elongate, bent upwards in the digestive nucleus region.....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E056BFFFEFB11ADE4FA7EF922" authorityName="Fol, 1872 Lohmann" authorityYear="1931" box="[1258,1437,1734,1755]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Fritillaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formica">
<emphasis id="B911EADF056BFFFEFB11ADE4FA7EF922" box="[1258,1437,1734,1755]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="370">Fritillaria formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>