280 lines
42 KiB
XML
280 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="DE0CFAA18077754F87B16159F4CA4B62" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2f6eebe-ccaf-4b7b-914f-eca28acf2c28" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164959" ID-ZooBank="1F76AD06-AA68-42C7-BBAF-DA6CF276E332" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1473446029981" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chatzimanolis, Stylianos" docDate="2016" docId="03C78788A9152E65FF460DEBDF52A3EC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4162.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4162 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Smilax Laporte 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="288" masterDocId="FFFEFFF0A9172E60FFD10D35DE69A26B" masterDocTitle="A revision of the myrmecophilous genus Smilax Laporte (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)" masterLastPageNumber="303" masterPageNumber="283" pageNumber="285" updateTime="1698384781401" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="E1CD72B01C01AD6EAA8349650F0C74DD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="1F26A261085CBD56462426D246F34460">
|
||
<mods:title id="12BB114272CC063244C984D04FC8E636">A revision of the myrmecophilous genus Smilax Laporte (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="425402E85066FB2FC58064B90BB08DBA" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1D7E570560C5B2A604D3D0B6096A83A4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="20A75B35D3E78DF81C9D4F1CB58402EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DA52ACAB5A8A4E8F3C55C5E6F0E1E108">Chatzimanolis, Stylianos</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="EF881C39478B7CCB0C7535D751C3301A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="218EA358F0181BE2E8D9550C0FC744AD" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A486DD36A7B343EC7F2279217E68C9E7">
|
||
<mods:title id="CB9D22E18C6261A4278971330513DA19">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="2CBC5E1ED683899CFFAEE84CB6D7637E">
|
||
<mods:date id="E310E28A871B82EC6844A91407337B43">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="84C420F91EA7EB9107B6A3D69C9AA345" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B5BDD5507DB41F0EDD12E825ECA27127">4162</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FE4763462FCE56093FE8DBBB2109778E" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="B1F472B2288FCBE2E2E4D866BFEDCCCA">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="401D806F69D29591104C0305B4F20C25" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3CCC04F921633B3C60AD9DFDA4313999">283</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="CDFD06328B9D14611D6451A7E32881C1">303</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="EE7C66114FDCDC7759C9E58F0F076A2A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="24CA04191AB8F4648F24AD9AFB11A861" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4162.2.5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E1D3D3DBF1624B3530C07E5E9CEC806A" type="GBIF-Dataset">b2f6eebe-ccaf-4b7b-914f-eca28acf2c28</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B86A5EED1899F6E43EB8543FB0203D7E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="03B9C50571201C345756F92B05131228" type="Zenodo-Dep">164959</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="60383135DA9CE2D32823DCFED3496F34" type="ZooBank">1F76AD06-AA68-42C7-BBAF-DA6CF276E332</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C78788A9152E65FF460DEBDF52A3EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6089849" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124483639" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6089849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C78788A9152E65FF460DEBDF52A3EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C78788A9152E65FF460DEBDF52A3EC" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9152E62FF460DEBDF49A372" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF460DEBDFC8A293" blockId="2.[151,417,222,282]" box="[151,417,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<heading id="D09981F2A9152E62FF460DEBDFC8A293" bold="true" box="[151,417,222,248]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FF460DEBDFC8A293" ID-CoL="8W3MK" authority="Laporte, 1835" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[151,417,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF460DEBDFC8A293" bold="true" box="[151,417,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF460DEBDE85A293" bold="true" box="[151,236,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FF220DEBDFC8A293" author="Laporte" box="[243,417,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Castelnau) (1835) Etudes entomologiques, ou description d'insectes nouveaux, et observations sur leur synonymie. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, 159 pp." type="book" year="1835">Laporte, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF460C34DF49A372" blockId="2.[151,417,222,282]" box="[151,288,257,282]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FF4E0C34DF7EA372" box="[159,279,257,282]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStart-10="FIGURES 33" captionStart-11="FIGURES 34" captionStart-2="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStart-3="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStart-4="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStart-5="FIGURES 17 – 23" captionStart-6="FIGURES 24 – 25" captionStart-7="FIGURES 26 – 28" captionStart-8="FIGURES 29 – 30" captionStart-9="FIGURES 31 – 32" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionStartId-10="17.[151,264,786,809]" captionStartId-11="17.[151,264,1603,1626]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,264,1518,1541]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,264,1220,1243]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionStartId-5="8.[151,264,1628,1651]" captionStartId-6="9.[151,264,1619,1642]" captionStartId-7="10.[151,264,1770,1793]" captionStartId-8="12.[151,264,1997,2020]" captionStartId-9="16.[151,264,1879,1902]" captionTargetBox-0="[281,1333,523,1944]" captionTargetBox-1="[328,1248,185,1711]" captionTargetBox-10="[313,1273,193,765]" captionTargetBox-2="[217,1369,452,1497]" captionTargetBox-3="[219,1369,447,1179]" captionTargetBox-4="[240,1347,518,1899]" captionTargetBox-5="[164,1436,193,1598]" captionTargetBox-6="[329,1249,195,1573]" captionTargetBox-7="[196,1383,517,1726]" captionTargetBox-8="[299,1285,409,1949]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[253,1333,517,1961]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[326,1261,181,1717]" captionTargetId-10="figure@17.[313,1273,193,765]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[217,1369,445,1498]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[217,1369,447,1180]" captionTargetId-4="figure@7.[240,1347,517,1899]" captionTargetId-5="figure@8.[164,1449,193,1598]" captionTargetId-6="figure@9.[329,1249,195,1588]" captionTargetId-7="figure@10.[195,1383,517,1739]" captionTargetId-8="figure@12.[299,1285,409,1966]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-10="17" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionTargetPageId-7="10" captionTargetPageId-8="12" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 1. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis, total length = 18.5 mm. 2. Smilax pilosa (F.), total length = 16.6 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 4. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 3. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz), total length = 19.1 mm. 4. Smilax lynchi (Bruch), total length = 18.5 mm." captionText-10="FIGURES 33. Distribution map of S. deneinephyto Chatzimanolis, S. kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz) and S. lynchi (Bruch)." captionText-11="FIGURES 34. Distribution map of S. pilosa (F.)." captionText-2="FIGURES 5 – 8. Head of Smilax Laporte. 5. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 6. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 7. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). 8. Smilax pilosa (F.). Not to scale." captionText-3="FIGURES 9 – 12. Pronotum of Smilax Laporte. 9. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 10. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 11. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). 12. Smilax pilosa (F.). Not to scale." captionText-4="FIGURES 13 – 16. Abdominal sternites VII – VIII of Smilax Laporte. 13. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 14. Smilax pilosa (F.). 15. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 16. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). Not to scale." captionText-5="FIGURES 17 – 23. Smilax pilosa (F.). 17. Dorsal view of right mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 18. Ventral view of left mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 19. Left maxilla, scale bar = 0.58 mm. 20. Hypopharynx with right labial palp, scale bar = 0.48 mm. 21. Antenna, scale bar = 1.1 mm. 22. Ventral view of protibia and protarsus, scale bar = 0.95 mm. 23. Prosternum, scale bar = 1.3 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 24 – 25. Aedeagus of S. deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 24. Lateral view. 25. Dorsal view." captionText-7="FIGURES 26 – 28. Aedeagus of S. kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 26. Lateral view. 27. Dorsal view. 28. Detail of paramere, ventral view." captionText-8="FIGURES 29 – 30. Aedeagus of S. lynchi (Bruch). 29. Lateral view. 30. Dorsal view." captionText-9="FIGURES 31 – 32. Aedeagus of S. pilosa (F.). 31. Lateral view. 32. Dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/164960/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/268255/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/164969/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/268256/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/268257/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/268258/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/268259/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/164966/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/164967/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/164968/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 1–34</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9152E62FF460C7CDB03A334" box="[151,1386,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF460C7CDB03A334" blockId="2.[151,1386,329,351]" box="[151,1386,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E11B0A9152E62FF460C7CDB03A334" box="[151,1386,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FF460C7CDF81A334" ID-CoL="8XKK5" authority="Nordmann, 1837: 17" authorityName="Nordmann" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,488,329,351]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cordylaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF460C7CDF78A334" box="[151,273,329,351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Cordylaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF108FA9152E62FEC70C7CDF81A334" author="Nordmann" box="[278,488,329,351]" page="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" year="1837">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FEC70C7CDFACA334" author="Nordmann" box="[278,453,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Nordmann, A. von (1837) Symbolae ad monographiam staphylinorum. Ex Academiae Caesareae Scientiarum, 4, 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1837">Nordmann, 1837</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 17
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Type species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FD570C7FDDFEA334" ID-CoL="6B25P" authority="Nordmann" authorityName="Nordmann" box="[646,919,329,351]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cordylaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FD570C7FDD48A334" box="[646,801,329,351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">C. tuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
Nordmann
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fixed by monotypy];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF108FA9152E62FBA60C7CDB0FA334" author="Blackwelder" box="[1143,1382,329,351]" page="107" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" year="1952">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FBA60C7CDB5DA334" author="Blackwelder" box="[1143,1332,329,351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1952) The generic names of the beetle family Staphylinidae, with an essay on genotypy. United States National Museum Bulletin, 200, 1 - 483." type="journal article" year="1952">Blackwelder 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 107
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9152E62FF460CB9DDF8A3CE" box="[151,913,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF460CB9DDF8A3CE" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" box="[151,913,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF460CB9DF5BA3CE" bold="true" box="[151,306,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Type species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FEE80CB9DCC3A3CE" authority="Laporte, 1835" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[313,682,396,421]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FEE80CB9DC6DA3CF" box="[313,516,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax americana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FDDA0CB8DCC3A3CE" author="Laporte" box="[523,682,396,421]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Castelnau) (1835) Etudes entomologiques, ou description d'insectes nouveaux, et observations sur leur synonymie. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, 159 pp." type="book" year="1835">Laporte, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fixed by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9152E62FF160C9ADB7DA13F" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF160C9ADB78A033" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF160C9ADF28A3A3" bold="true" box="[199,321,431,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Due to its peculiar habitus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FD5D0C9ADC93A3A3" box="[652,762,431,456]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox-0="[281,1333,523,1944]" captionTargetBox-1="[328,1248,185,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[253,1333,517,1961]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[326,1261,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 1. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis, total length = 18.5 mm. 2. Smilax pilosa (F.), total length = 16.6 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 4. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 3. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz), total length = 19.1 mm. 4. Smilax lynchi (Bruch), total length = 18.5 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/164960/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/268255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FCC30C9ADD37A3A3" box="[786,862,431,456]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FCC30C9ADD37A3A3" box="[786,862,431,456]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a distinct genus that cannot be easily confused with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FEC00CE1DFD9A386" box="[273,432,468,493]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Xanthopygina">Xanthopygina</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera. Below is a list of morphological features that can help diagnose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FB340CE1DB58A386" box="[1253,1329,468,493]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FB340CE1DB58A386" box="[1253,1329,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (a) head transverse, rounded; (b) antennae compact, flattened; (c) mandibles long; (d) galea long, as long as maxillary palps; (e) nuchal ridge present; (f) body appearing “fuzzy” due to the presence of long setae; (g) pro-, meso- and metatibia flattened and with two long apical spurs, and (h) abdominal terga III–IV with curved (arch-like) ridge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF1F0F51DB7DA13F" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FEAA0F51DC73A016" box="[379,538,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Xanthopygina">Xanthopygina</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus that might be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FC7B0F51DD9EA016" box="[938,1015,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FC7B0F51DD9EA016" box="[938,1015,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FBC60F51DB60A017" authority="Laporte." authorityName="Laporte." box="[1047,1289,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Haematodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FBC60F51DACAA016" box="[1047,1187,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Haematodes</emphasis>
|
||
Laporte.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FAC10F51DBF5A016" box="[1296,1436,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Haematodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FAC10F51DBF5A016" box="[1296,1436,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Haematodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FE070FB2DC4BA0CB" box="[470,546,647,672]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FE070FB2DC4BA0CB" box="[470,546,647,672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to its bright red coloration on the head and pronotum, in addition to differences in characters (a), (c), (e) and (h) listed above. Besides
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FC700F99DA44A0AE" box="[929,1069,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Haematodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FC700F99DA44A0AE" box="[929,1069,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Haematodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there are a few myrmecophile genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FED70FFADFEEA083" box="[262,391,719,744]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(still undescribed) that have a similar pronotum and elytra to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FB950FFADAF9A083" box="[1092,1168,719,744]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FB950FFADAF9A083" box="[1092,1168,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but their head shape is rather different (smaller) in addition to the typical differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FC220FC1DA1DA166" box="[1011,1140,756,781]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FB660FC1DB3FA166" box="[1207,1366,756,781]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Xanthopygina">Xanthopygina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FF460E2DDFD7A15B" author="Smetana" box="[151,446,791,816]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Smetana, A. & Davies, A. (2000) Reclassification of the north temperate taxa associated with Staphylinus sensu lato, including comments on relevant subtribes of Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). American Museum Novitates, 3287, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2000">Smetana and Davies 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These taxa are rather similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FCE00E22DA98A15B" authority="Bernhauer" authorityName="Bernhauer" box="[817,1265,791,816]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iheringi" subGenus="Pridonius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FCE00E22DA1CA15B" box="[817,1141,791,816]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Quedius (Pridonius) iheringi</emphasis>
|
||
Bernhauer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but all of these taxa seem to be associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FE2F0E08DCC4A13E" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" box="[510,685,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Eciton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FE2F0E08DC2EA13F" box="[510,583,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Eciton</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(army ants) instead of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FC610E09DA24A13E" authority="Fabricius" authorityName="Fabricius" box="[944,1101,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FC610E09DDB6A138" box="[944,991,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Atta</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(leaf cutter ants).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9152E65FF160E6ADF90A293" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="288" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF160E6ADB79A646" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FF160E6ADF30A113" bold="true" box="[199,345,863,888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FDD10E6ADC05A113" box="[512,620,863,888]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1738,1761]" captionTargetBox-0="[281,1333,523,1944]" captionTargetBox-1="[328,1248,185,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[253,1333,517,1961]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[326,1261,181,1717]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 1. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis, total length = 18.5 mm. 2. Smilax pilosa (F.), total length = 16.6 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 4. Habitus photographs of Smilax Laporte. 3. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz), total length = 19.1 mm. 4. Smilax lynchi (Bruch), total length = 18.5 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/164960/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/268255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||
; medium-sized body, robust, with telescopic abdomen, 7.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C969B7BA9152E62FACB0E6ADB17A11C" box="[1306,1406,863,888]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total length. Coloration of head reddish-brown or metallic dark blue-brown; pronotum metallic green-golden or metallic dark blue-brown, in some species with lateral sides reddish-brown; elytra metallic dark blue-brown to brown; abdomen dark brown to orange. Long macrosetae throughout the body colored lighter than body. Some specimens (including
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D5883CA9152E62FE5C0EC5DFD4A663" box="[397,445,1008,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FE330EC5DC17A663" box="[482,638,1007,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FE330EC5DC17A663" box="[482,638,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">S. tuberculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) appearing dull brown, probably due to loss of metallic coloration (see e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B6FA9152E62FF1C0921DFFCA647" author="Seago" box="[205,405,1044,1069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" refString="Seago, A. E., Brady, P., Vigneron, J. - P. & Schultz, T. D. (2009) Gold bugs and beyond: a review of iridescence and structural colour mechanisms in beetles (Coleoptera). Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 6, 5165 - 5184. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rsif. 2008.0354. focus" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Seago
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FEC80920DF38A646" box="[281,337,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Coloration of abdomen especially variable among specimens of same species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E62FF160902DF6EA48F" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FEC00902DF12A63B" box="[273,379,1079,1104]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1518,1541]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,452,1497]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[217,1369,445,1498]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Head of Smilax Laporte. 5. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 6. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 7. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). 8. Smilax pilosa (F.). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268256/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 5–8</figureCitation>
|
||
) transverse, rounded in most species (posterior angles sharper in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9152E62FB82090DDB6DA63B" box="[1107,1284,1079,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deneinephyto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9152E62FB82090DDB6DA63B" box="[1107,1284,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">S. deneinephyto</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Eyes small, positioned anteriorly. Ventral surface of head with microsculpture; postoccipital suture and ventral base ridge present; postmandibular ridge prominent, extending well beyond the postoccular seta; infraorbital ridge pronounced posteriorly; gular sutures separated throughout length, with narrowest point near mid-length; nuchal ridge prominent, forming well defined neck. Epicranium with transverse and polygon-shaped microsculpture, with dense punctation especially on lateral and posterior sides; with large macrosetae around lateral margins. Anteclypeus well developed; clypeus slightly concave. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FC16083ADA4CA743" box="[967,1061,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 23" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[164,1436,193,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[164,1449,193,1598]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 23. Smilax pilosa (F.). 17. Dorsal view of right mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 18. Ventral view of left mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 19. Left maxilla, scale bar = 0.58 mm. 20. Hypopharynx with right labial palp, scale bar = 0.48 mm. 21. Antenna, scale bar = 1.1 mm. 22. Ventral view of protibia and protarsus, scale bar = 0.95 mm. 23. Prosternum, scale bar = 1.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268259/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
) 11-segmented, flat, compact; antennomeres 1–4 with rows of macrosetae; antennomeres 5–11 with macrosetae and microtrichiae but microtrichiae restricted to anterolateral corners; antennomere 1 robust, punctated, about twice as long and twice as wide as antennomere 2; antennomere 2 expanding distally, smaller than antennomere 3; antennomere 3 1.5 times longer than antennomere 4; antennomeres 4–11 triangular (expanding distally), slightly decreasing in size with every antennomere. Mouthparts with labrum emarginate medially. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FBD908F1DAE7A7B7" box="[1032,1166,1476,1501]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 23" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[164,1436,193,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[164,1449,193,1598]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 23. Smilax pilosa (F.). 17. Dorsal view of right mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 18. Ventral view of left mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 19. Left maxilla, scale bar = 0.58 mm. 20. Hypopharynx with right labial palp, scale bar = 0.48 mm. 21. Antenna, scale bar = 1.1 mm. 22. Ventral view of protibia and protarsus, scale bar = 0.95 mm. 23. Prosternum, scale bar = 1.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268259/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate, symmetrical, slightly curved distally; with deep fold on lateral edge of dorsal side; mandibular prostheca long; each mandible with single small molar. Maxilla as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FD880B39DCC7A44F" box="[601,686,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 23" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[164,1436,193,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[164,1449,193,1598]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 23. Smilax pilosa (F.). 17. Dorsal view of right mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 18. Ventral view of left mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 19. Left maxilla, scale bar = 0.58 mm. 20. Hypopharynx with right labial palp, scale bar = 0.48 mm. 21. Antenna, scale bar = 1.1 mm. 22. Ventral view of protibia and protarsus, scale bar = 0.95 mm. 23. Prosternum, scale bar = 1.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268259/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
; galea long, as long as maxillary palp; galea and lacinia densely setose; maxillary palpi 4-segmented, with transverse microsculpture; P1 small, with small triangular process covering margin of P2; P2–P4 elongate; P2 robust, smaller but wider than P3; P2–P3 with several rows of macrosetae; P4 shorter than P3, apically truncate. Hypopharynx as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FCDE0B48DD08A4FD" box="[783,865,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 23" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1628,1651]" captionTargetBox="[164,1436,193,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[164,1449,193,1598]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 23. Smilax pilosa (F.). 17. Dorsal view of right mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 18. Ventral view of left mandible, scale bar = 1 mm. 19. Left maxilla, scale bar = 0.58 mm. 20. Hypopharynx with right labial palp, scale bar = 0.48 mm. 21. Antenna, scale bar = 1.1 mm. 22. Ventral view of protibia and protarsus, scale bar = 0.95 mm. 23. Prosternum, scale bar = 1.3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268259/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
; labial palpi 3-segmented; P1–P3 with several rows of macrosetae; P1 small, club-like; P2 twice as long as P1, flattened, expanded distally; P3 shorter than P2, apically truncated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9152E63FF160BC5DC44A3A4" blockId="2.[151,1437,396,2016]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,464]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">
|
||
Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9152E62FE9A0BDADFA0A56C" box="[331,457,1775,1800]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1220,1243]" captionTargetBox="[219,1369,447,1179]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[217,1369,447,1180]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Pronotum of Smilax Laporte. 9. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 10. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 11. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). 12. Smilax pilosa (F.). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268257/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="285">Figs. 9–12</figureCitation>
|
||
) wider than head; lateral margins concave; pronotum widest at middle. Pronotum without postcoxal process. Pronotal hypomeron expanded but visible only ventrally, except on anterolateral corners; inferior line of pronotal hypomeron present only anteriorly and not throughout length. Pronotum with microsculpture and micropunctures; pronotal margin with large setiferous punctures bearing large macrosetae; anterolateral angles of pronotum prominent. Basisternum with microsculpture and multiple setae; basisternum with anterior marginal depression present; sternocostal ridge present; furcasternum with small pointed medial carina; furcasternum with transverse microsculpture but with no punctures. Elytra transverse, slightly shorter and wider than pronotum; with dense small uniform punctation and several rows of slightly raised larger setiferous punctures. Mesoscutellum triangular, large, with punctation pattern similar to elytra. Hind wings fully developed. Mesoventrite setose; with anterior margin forming “lip”; without median carina and mesoventral process; middle coxae cavity expanded. Metaventrite with small, slightly emarginate metaventral process. Legs with 5-5-5 tarsal segmentation; femora, tibia and tarsi flattened, with dense uniform punctation, covered with setae; pro- and mesocoxae enlarged, bulbous; pro- and mesofemura with row of small spurs on ventral posterior margin near tibia; protibia with ctenidium in distal margin; tibia robust, with multiple rows of medium size spurs along lateral margins; tibia with with two long apical spurs; protarsi enlarged in both sexes; meso- and metatarsomeres lobed, elongate; empodium with two setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF116616A9142E63FF460A8FDC2CA584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164960/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" targetBox="[281,1333,523,1944]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9142E63FF460A8FDC2CA584" blockId="3.[151,1436,1978,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9142E63FF460A8FDF54A5A4" bold="true" box="[151,317,1978,2001]" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9142E63FD900A8FDC8CA5BB" authority="Laporte." authorityName="Laporte." box="[577,741,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9142E63FD900A8FDCEFA5BB" box="[577,646,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
Laporte.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9142E63FCD80A8FDA12A5BB" authority="Chatzimanolis" authorityName="Chatzimanolis" box="[777,1147,1978,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deneinephyto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9142E63FCD80A8FDDB4A5BB" box="[777,989,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Smilax deneinephyto</emphasis>
|
||
Chatzimanolis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, total length = 18.5 mm. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9142E63FF460AECDF49A584" box="[151,288,2009,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9142E63FF460AECDF49A584" box="[151,288,2009,2031]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="286">Smilax pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(F.), total length = 16.6 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF116616A9132E64FF460BFFDC4CA494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268255/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="287" targetBox="[328,1248,185,1711]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9132E64FF460BFFDC4CA494" blockId="4.[151,1436,1738,1791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9132E64FF460BFFDF55A4B4" bold="true" box="[151,316,1738,1761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">FIGURES 3–4.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9132E64FDED0BFFDCB6A48B" authority="Laporte." authorityName="Laporte." box="[572,735,1738,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9132E64FDED0BFFDCE8A48B" box="[572,641,1738,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
Laporte.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9132E64FCD00BFFDA5DA48B" authority="Scheerpeltz" authorityName="Scheerpeltz" box="[769,1076,1738,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuntzeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9132E64FCD00BFFDDCBA48B" box="[769,930,1738,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">Smilax kuntzeni</emphasis>
|
||
(Scheerpeltz)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, total length = 19.1 mm. 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9132E64FA860BFFDF45A494" authority="Bruch" authorityName="Bruch" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lynchi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9132E64FA860BFFDEBCA494" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">Smilax lynchi</emphasis>
|
||
(Bruch)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, total length = 18.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9132E64FF160A13DCE9A598" blockId="4.[151,1436,1830,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">
|
||
Abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A1BA9132E64FE960A13DFB9A554" box="[327,464,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,518,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[240,1347,517,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 16. Abdominal sternites VII – VIII of Smilax Laporte. 13. Smilax deneinephyto Chatzimanolis. 14. Smilax pilosa (F.). 15. Smilax kuntzeni (Scheerpeltz). 16. Smilax lynchi (Bruch). Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="287">Figs. 13–16</figureCitation>
|
||
) with paired protergal glands present; abdominal terga III–V curved (arc-like) ridge and without accessory basal lines. Abdominal sternite VII in males without porose structure but with modified (various degrees of emargination) posterior margin; abdominal sternite VIII in males with U or V-shaped emargination. Abdominal sternite IX with deep V-shaped emargination posteriorly. Abdomen with small uniform dense punctures; each segment (ventral and dorsal) with row of larger setiferous punctures each giving rise to large dark macrosetae (usually 4–6 per segment).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9122E65FF160DA2DF90A293" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">
|
||
Male and female genitalia typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9122E65FD460DA2DD50A2DB" box="[663,825,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Xanthopygina">Xanthopygina</taxonomicName>
|
||
; spermatheca not sclerotized; aedeagus smaller in comparison to other genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9122E65FE230D89DCFDA2BE" box="[498,660,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Xanthopygina">Xanthopygina</taxonomicName>
|
||
; paramere in lateral view with enlarged ventral projection; paramere much shorter than median lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3746515A9122E65FF160C31DF52A3EC" pageId="5" pageNumber="288" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1369EA9122E65FF160C31DF52A3EC" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9122E65FF160C31DF09A376" bold="true" box="[199,352,260,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Distributed from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379760EA9122E65FDF80C31DCF5A376" box="[553,668,260,285]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379760EA9122E65FD110C31DD5BA376" box="[704,818,260,285]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379760EA9122E65FC740C31DD80A376" box="[933,1001,260,285]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379760EA9122E65FBF10C30DAE3A376" box="[1056,1162,261,285]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AAF87CA9122E65FBF10C30DAE3A376" box="[1056,1162,261,285]" country="Paraguay" name="Asuncion" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Paraguay</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9122E65FF160C12DF43A32B" bold="true" box="[199,298,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Associated with leaf cutter ants in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D1DA9122E65FC810C1DDD16A354" box="[848,895,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEA8CA9122E65FC810C1DDD16A354" box="[848,895,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="288">Atta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, typically found in the refuse piles or fungus gardens. Some specimens have been collected with flight intercept traps, perhaps indicative of their ability to move between nests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |