1120 lines
167 KiB
XML
1120 lines
167 KiB
XML
<document id="3924508A84FB37E08C13D2136554C1C1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184811" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dea75d02-e7dd-4a10-8b72-29687f16215e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184811" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460020949794" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Warren, Andrew D., Steinhauser, Stephen R., Hernández-Mejía, Claudia & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2008" docId="03B287C8A87F4843FF2C249DD434717B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01926p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1926" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Celotes spurcus Warren, Steinhauser, Hernández-Mejía & Grishin, 2008, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF8BFFB0A87C4849FFBB204FD0287419" masterDocTitle="Notes on the genus Celotes, with the description of a new species from Mexico (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Pyrgini)" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698233758163" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="8E5832F737518A5483E36A1E5D5ED6B3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FEDC16F4F03DB0F9694DFFC83279E148">
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<mods:title id="D1C7F7F1CF81DB7B5B06964BDEB19372">Notes on the genus Celotes, with the description of a new species from Mexico (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae: Pyrgini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FBEA0F85855A896A8633242C879B1C12" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DFE6DE629F4DECCB5799769C4252434E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0EBA88F40B9147D0D55721DD58456C9B">Warren, Andrew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AF6CA2C0D287C3B4B8589D3FDAD37568">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7057EE92B7A76F4C89815EF1EE877CFA">Steinhauser, Stephen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="EAEE93F08D07719364DCC2C792724604" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C82D60E8BBFA0C40874DF7D3B83D68C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5E4439B338BC5E86374DD981DB2CB977">Hernández-Mejía, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B2237D87B711AC0F774824CBF142C2D3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A8415A87EE02AA7EA9E3591EA4901B5D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F83E3C31C733344B1A543D8FD874F301">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7FC729740469E269418148772A668E24">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="63EED8F1FAAEAC2775B0C0786398143E">
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<mods:title id="4A3013E9D189E00105BC4154C476D90F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1DEE23D88D0568B002C3FF62E23F3F3">
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<mods:date id="03344F5F4E5A022F33CC0CE4A0E7D1F3">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9550A6CDFBF9B90BE4F19071B16B6521">1926</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BFF58C9B03C1CC1BB095386B2832874D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.184811</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B287C8A87F4843FF2C249DD434717B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231355" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119381851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231355" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B287C8A87F4843FF2C249DD434717B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B287C8A87F4843FF2C249DD434717B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection id="C3016555A87F484AFF2C249DD12B7116" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87F484AFF2C249DD4B970F5" blockId="3.[151,1169,1234,1295]" box="[151,1169,1234,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87F484AFF2C249DD4B970F5" bold="true" box="[151,1169,1234,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87F484AFF2C249DD17C70F5" box="[151,340,1234,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87F484AFF2C249DD17C70F5" bold="true" box="[151,340,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Celotes spurcus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25C57B7A87F484AFED8249DD1DB70F5" box="[355,499,1234,1260]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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A. Warren, Steinhauser, Hernández-Mejía & Grishin
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87F484AFF2C24BAD12B7116" blockId="3.[151,1169,1234,1295]" box="[151,259,1269,1295]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87F484AFF2C24BAD12B7116" box="[151,259,1269,1295]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,255,1081,1105]" captionStartId-2="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionStartId-3="12.[151,255,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,167,1046]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,194,1491]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,167,1046]" captionTargetId-3="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1500]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Metathoracic pouch of Celotes males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view. a, b) C. spurcus; c) C. nessus; d) C. limpia; top row (a, b, c, d) is the entire view of the two “ formations ”; bottom row (denoted by prime, a’, b’, c’, d’) is the left “ formation ” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above. a, b) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; c) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; d) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25 × compared to the top row." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Female genitalia of Celotes. a) - e) C. spurcus; f), f’) C. nessus; g) C. limpia. a), b) Ventral view of ovipositor lobes, sterigma and bursa copulatrix; c) left lateral and d) ventro-posterior view, bursa copulatrix not shown; e) - g) ventral view of sterigma, the same orientation as in a) and b). a) - e) Allotype, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 2 - Sep- 2007 leg. A. D. Warren, genitalia ADW 08 - 14. f) Topotype, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, 422 W Kings Hwy, 1961, leg. R. W. Quillin & E. S. Quillin; f’) TX: Tarrant Co. Benbrook Reservoir, Holiday Park, 5 - Sep- 1976, leg. R. O. Kendall & C. A. Kendall; g) TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, road to Boquillas Canyon, near Barker house, larva found 15 - Sep- 2007, had larval diapause, emerged 1 - Jan- 2008, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/184815/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Figs. 3–6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3016555A87F4841FF2C250AD3B474C3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87F484DFF2C250AD45F76BA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1349,2000]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,1899]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87F484AFF2C250AD2927146" bold="true" box="[151,698,1349,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Description. Male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87F484AFE3C250AD1FA7146" box="[391,466,1349,1375]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1, 3–4,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87F484AFD81250AD2AA7146" box="[570,642,1349,1375]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,167,1046]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,167,1046]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Metathoracic pouch of Celotes males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view. a, b) C. spurcus; c) C. nessus; d) C. limpia; top row (a, b, c, d) is the entire view of the two “ formations ”; bottom row (denoted by prime, a’, b’, c’, d’) is the left “ formation ” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above. a, b) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; c) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; d) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25 × compared to the top row." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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a,b):
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
FW length =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87F484AFCDB250AD3E17146" box="[864,969,1349,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54A0887CA87F484AFC62250AD46D7146" box="[985,1093,1349,1375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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),
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<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87F484AFBE1250AD4EB7146" box="[1114,1219,1349,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="13.3">13.3 mm</quantity>
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||
± 2.0 mm (n=25).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87F484AFF2C2522D125719E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1389,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Forewing</emphasis>
|
||
width 0.6 times length, with a prominent costal fold reaching Sc. Termen undulate, concave between veins; anal margin prominently curved, w-shaped. Ground color brown, each cell except 2A, with areas of dark-brown, almost black scales. Three opaque, white, narrow, median macules from mid-costa caudad, located in Sc, R1 and discal cells (DC), with dark scaling prominent along veins separating the macules. Macules in Sc and R1 usually extend from vein to vein, macule in discal cell situated in its anterior half and typically the narrowest, while macule in Sc is the broadest. Shape of macules variable, most frequently rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal for the Sc, R1, and DC macules, respectively. Apical cluster of three opaque white macules in R3, R4 and R5 cells, smaller than median macules, R3 macule largest, R4 smallest, in some specimens dot-like; macule R4 offset basally and the cluster of the three macules is crescent-shaped. Finally, two postmedian opaque white macules in cells M3 and CuA1. Macule M3 occupies very basal area of cell between M3 and CuA1 and has a triangular shape similar to R1 macule. Macule CuA1 located at base of M3 macule and oddly-shaped, varying from rectangular, to trapezoid, triangular and crescent-shaped; the two macules form a roughly C-shaped arrangement. Each of these eight opaque macules surrounded by darker, almost black scales. In addition to surrounding the macules, similarly colored dark scales form four dark patches in the median area of CuA2 cell, two cephalad and two caudad, the cephalic pair sometimes fused in a dumbbell-shaped streak; a patch at base of CuA1 cell; two patches, just caudad of apical macules, in median area of M1 and M2, the latter patch being smaller and basad of the former; last, and smallest patch situated in R2 and in some specimens occupies entire cell. Dark brown scales (intermediate in color to the dark, almost black, scales described above) and brown background are formed into streaks in the marginal area; two streaks located in each cell between veins reaching the margin, except in 2A. Streaks start from the margin, in each cell from each vein, and are directed basad and towards each other in a cell, converging in postmedial area; streaks around vein M2 and caudad of CuA2 not well developed and lacking in paler specimens (in particular the M2 streaks), creating a paler appearance of the marginal region of M1 and M2 cells. Similar intermediate-color scales line up the basal area of the forewing. Ivory-colored scales, paler than the background, cover the areas distad, between, and proximad two anterior dark patches in CuA2 cell, distad to the cluster of apical white macules, distad discal cell, and form streaks from the margin in the middle of each cell, in between dark streaks. The amount of ivory-colored scaling varies between individuals. Finally, somewhat yellower and longer ivory-colored scales cover the basal area of the wing (overscaling).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA436DEA878484DFF7D22FED12877D3" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFF7D22FED16A76D2" bold="true" box="[198,322,689,715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Hindwing</emphasis>
|
||
termen undulate, concave between veins. Pattern similar to forewing, in particular posterior to Rs vein. Opaque macules in cells Rs, M2 and CuA1 homologous to macules on forewing. Main differences from forewing include absence of median row of three macules (no macules in Sc+R1 and discal cells), more basal location of dark patches in M1 and M2 (in line with the opaque macules), separation of CuA1 macule into two small macules in some specimens, and more extensive ivory-scaled areas, present between CuA1 and CuA2 dark patches. Cell Sc+R1 with a median dark patch, median brown streak and ivory-colored area between.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA878484DFF7D2397D1BC7122" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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||
Pattern is largely repeated on
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFD932397D2AA77EB" bold="true" box="[552,642,984,1010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">ventral</emphasis>
|
||
surface of
|
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<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFCBC2397D36777EB" bold="true" box="[775,847,984,1010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">wings</emphasis>
|
||
, but background is lighter, yellowish. Cells CuA2 and 2A mostly covered in whitish, ivory-colored scales between the darker patches and streaks, which are composed of much paler scales, as the dorsal background. Dark scales, matching those of dark patches on dorsal surface, are present basad of opaque macules, frequently reaching the base of each cell, and distad of the macules, reaching the costa in cells Sc and R1, and forming an edge to each macule in other cells; also filling basal half of cell R2. Hindwing ventral pattern more similar to that of dorsal surface than on forewing, except prominent white scaling at wing base, and areas of white scales in basal half of DC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFB37249FD4C270F3" bold="true" box="[1164,1258,1232,1258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fringes</emphasis>
|
||
on both wings light-gray, checkered dark, with darker scales at vein termini, dark-scaled intervals about 1/3–1/2 length of light-scaled intervals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA878484DFF7D2507D4517372" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFF7D2507D121717B" bold="true" box="[198,265,1352,1378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Head</emphasis>
|
||
dark-brown, white between antennae and dorsad of mid-eyes. Caudal portion of collar black, with white scales cephalad, extending behind eyes. Eyes black.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFCFC253FD3A07193" bold="true" box="[839,904,1392,1418]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Palpi</emphasis>
|
||
brown with white scales present between the segments dorsad, and white ventrad.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFDF425D7D2E071AB" bold="true" box="[591,712,1432,1458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
about half length of costa, reaching end of Sc, black dorsad, with prominent white scales between segments, paler ventrad, in particular around the club and apiculus, with many white scales; club about half of shaft length, apiculus pale brown ventrad, poorly differentiated from club, nudum of 11 segments in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA878484DFDB0265ED2597232" box="[523,625,1553,1579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(varies from 10 (n = 1) to 12 (n = 7) among
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A878484DFB3C265ED50E7232" box="[1159,1318,1553,1579]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="generic">25 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
counted).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFF2C2677D0DC724B" bold="true" box="[151,244,1592,1618]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFE942677D18B724B" bold="true" box="[303,419,1592,1618]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
dark-brown with light overscaling dorsad, white and ivory ventrad. Dorsal surface of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFF2C262FD1B87263" bold="true" box="[151,400,1632,1658]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">metathoracic pouch</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA878484DFE1B262ED1CF7262" box="[416,487,1633,1659]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,167,1046]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,167,1046]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Metathoracic pouch of Celotes males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view. a, b) C. spurcus; c) C. nessus; d) C. limpia; top row (a, b, c, d) is the entire view of the two “ formations ”; bottom row (denoted by prime, a’, b’, c’, d’) is the left “ formation ” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above. a, b) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; c) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; d) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25 × compared to the top row." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a,b) covered with flat, rounded shingle-like scales, whitish to cream-colored, linear scales present proximally, cream-colored.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA878484DFD0426C7D2D272BB" bold="true" box="[703,762,1672,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
light brown to ivory-colored, externally scaled whitish. Forecoxae white, foretibiae with slender pale brown epiphyses reaching tarsus; midtibiae smooth with single pair of spurs, hindtibiae with two pairs. Hindlegs each with two tufts of long, setiform scales, associated with metathoracic pouch, as follows; dark gray scales originating at proximal end of femur, just over
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA878484DFA88274ED5537302" box="[1331,1403,1793,1819]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, extending to distal end of femur; pale brown scales, almost
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA878484DFC7A2766D42F735A" box="[961,1031,1833,1859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, originating at proximal end of tibia, extending beyond distal end of tibia to overlap proximal margin of tarsi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF646656A87A484FFF2C2635D37773EB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87A484FFF2C2635D37773EB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1658,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFF2C2635D130728B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1658,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFE0F2635D22C7288" box="[436,516,1658,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFE0F2635D22C7288" box="[436,516,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFDAA2635D211728B" bold="true" box="[529,569,1658,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">1–4</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFD842635D2877288" box="[575,687,1658,1681]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFD842635D2877288" box="[575,687,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFDC326D5D28872AB" bold="true" box="[632,672,1690,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">5–8</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFD1C26D5D32472A8" box="[679,780,1690,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFD1C26D5D32472A8" box="[679,780,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFCFB26D5D35D72AB" bold="true" box="[832,885,1690,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">9–12</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFCC726D5D3F772A8" box="[892,991,1690,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFCC726D5D3F772A8" box="[892,991,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFE9C26F5D11372CB" bold="true" box="[295,315,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">1.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype ♂, 3-Sep-2007;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFDDD26F5D25172CB" bold="true" box="[614,633,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">2.</emphasis>
|
||
Allotype Ψ,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFCAA26F5D33672CB" bold="true" box="[785,798,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">2</emphasis>
|
||
-Sep-2007;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFC2426F5D39A72CB" bold="true" box="[927,946,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">3.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2-Sep-2007;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFA3326F5D5B372CB" bold="true" box="[1416,1435,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">4.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26-Mar-2001;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFD3B2695D2BC72EB" bold="true" box="[640,660,1754,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">5.</emphasis>
|
||
♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23-Dec- 1966, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFE3626B5D24A7308" box="[397,610,1786,1809]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fruticosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFE3626B5D24A7308" box="[397,610,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Abutilon fruticosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. R.O. & C.A. Kendall;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFC2F26B5D380730B" bold="true" box="[916,936,1786,1810]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">6.</emphasis>
|
||
Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18-Sep-1960, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFDCB2755D31A7328" box="[624,818,1818,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFDCB2755D31A7328" box="[624,818,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Abutilon incanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. R.O. & C.A. Kendall;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFBD42755D4AB732B" bold="true" box="[1135,1155,1818,1842]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">7.</emphasis>
|
||
♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31-Mar-1978, leg. J.P. Brock;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFD942775D26A734B" bold="true" box="[559,578,1850,1874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">8.</emphasis>
|
||
Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22-Jun-1990, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFAAE2775D0FA7368" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Ayenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFAAE2775D0FA7368" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Ayenia compacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, emerged 26-Jul-1990, leg. J.P. Brock;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFD3E2715D2B0736B" bold="true" box="[645,664,1882,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">9.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH170 ca. 10-15 mi (16.1–24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31-Aug-1966, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFDDE2735D3027388" box="[613,810,1914,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="malacum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFDDE2735D3027388" box="[613,810,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Abutilon malacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. R.O. & C.A. Kendall;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFBEC2735D450738B" bold="true" box="[1111,1144,1914,1938]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">10.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH118, el 14-Apr-1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFC4D27D5D53973A8" box="[1014,1297,1946,1969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Allowissadula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holosericea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFC4D27D5D53973A8" box="[1014,1297,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Allowissadula holosericea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. R.O. & C.A. Kendall;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFE8827F5D17973CB" bold="true" box="[307,337,1978,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">11.</emphasis>
|
||
♂,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFEC227F5D1B273CB" bold="true" box="[377,410,1978,2002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">12.</emphasis>
|
||
Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16-Sep- 2005, larval foodplant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87A484FFE312794D2BD73EB" box="[394,661,2011,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sphaeralcea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87A484FFE312794D2BD73EB" box="[394,661,2011,2034]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Sphaeralcea angustifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg. N.V. Grishin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF646656A87B484EFF2C2476D3C87139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[151,1435,167,1046]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87B484EFF2C2476D3C87139" blockId="7.[151,1437,1081,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF2C2476D1317048" bold="true" box="[151,281,1081,1105]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Metathoracic pouch of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFDA12476D2427049" box="[538,618,1081,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFDA12476D2427049" box="[538,618,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFB392476D4A77048" bold="true" box="[1154,1167,1081,1105]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFB2E2476D48C7048" bold="true" box="[1173,1188,1081,1105]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">b</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFB0F2476D50E7049" box="[1204,1318,1081,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFB0F2476D50E7049" box="[1204,1318,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFA8F2476D5687048" bold="true" box="[1332,1344,1081,1105]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">c</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFAEB2476D091706A" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFAEB2476D091706A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF7D2414D0FD706A" bold="true" box="[198,213,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">d</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFF5F2413D16F706A" box="[228,327,1116,1139]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF5F2413D16F706A" box="[228,327,1116,1139]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; top row (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFE0E2414D1EA706A" bold="true" box="[437,450,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFE6B2414D1F7706A" bold="true" box="[464,479,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">b</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFE572414D1D0706A" bold="true" box="[492,504,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">c</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFDBF2414D23B706A" bold="true" box="[516,531,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">d</emphasis>
|
||
) is the entire view of the two “formations”; bottom row (denoted by prime,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFA822414D567706A" bold="true" box="[1337,1359,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">a’</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFAE72414D55C706A" bold="true" box="[1372,1396,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">b’</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFA3B2414D5BD706A" bold="true" box="[1408,1429,1115,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">c’</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF2C2431D087708F" bold="true" box="[151,175,1150,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">d’</emphasis>
|
||
) is the left “formation” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFBF22431D47E708F" bold="true" box="[1097,1110,1150,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFBE62431D444708F" bold="true" box="[1117,1132,1150,1174]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">b</emphasis>
|
||
) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3-Sep-2007, leg. A.D. Warren;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF49248CD0D670C2" bold="true" box="[242,254,1219,1243]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">c</emphasis>
|
||
) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16-Apr-2007, leg. N.V. Grishin;
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFA3F248CD5BB70C2" bold="true" box="[1412,1427,1219,1243]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">d</emphasis>
|
||
) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14-Apr-2007, leg. N.V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25× compared to the top row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87B484EFF7D251CD4DE72CF" blockId="7.[151,1437,1363,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF7D251CD1E27174" bold="true" box="[198,458,1363,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87B484EFEF2251CD1A77174" box="[329,399,1363,1389]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a–j):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Tegumen short as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFD79251BD3077174" box="[706,815,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFD79251BD3077174" box="[706,815,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not projecting prominently cephalad as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFA93251BD5BC7174" box="[1320,1428,1364,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFA93251BD5BC7174" box="[1320,1428,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Uncus divided as deeply as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFE5B2533D267718C" box="[480,591,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFE5B2533D267718C" box="[480,591,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but arms more divergent. Gnathos and saccus as in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFB412533D541718C" box="[1274,1385,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFB412533D541718C" box="[1274,1385,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFF2C25EBD12B71A4" box="[151,259,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF2C25EBD12B71A4" box="[151,259,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Valvae similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFE6625EBD26371A4" box="[477,587,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFE6625EBD26371A4" box="[477,587,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, broad, but the long caudo-dorsal projection, which is as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFAB825EBD55871A4" box="[1283,1392,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFAB825EBD55871A4" box="[1283,1392,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but thinner, more curved, extends further dorsad and widely separated from the harpe, rather than overlapping as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFF0325BBD1007214" box="[184,296,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF0325BBD1007214" box="[184,296,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Harpe similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFDB125BBD2547214" box="[522,636,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFDB125BBD2547214" box="[522,636,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, narrows terminally, not as broad and robust as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFB5725BBD5757214" box="[1260,1373,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFB5725BBD5757214" box="[1260,1373,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The ampulla of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFEA42653D1B5722C" box="[287,413,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFEA42653D1B5722C" box="[287,413,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
protrudes further distad and dorsad than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFC122653D430722C" box="[937,1048,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFC122653D430722C" box="[937,1048,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus slightly overlaps the harpe rather than being separated as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFD9E260BD2BD7244" box="[549,661,1604,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFD9E260BD2BD7244" box="[549,661,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Penis long and slender with single tooth on left side near distal end, longer than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFEE72623D1E1729C" box="[348,457,1644,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFEE72623D1E1729C" box="[348,457,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but shorter than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFD2D2623D32D729C" box="[662,773,1644,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFD2D2623D32D729C" box="[662,773,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ratio of penis length to length of right valva from cephalic end to caudal end of harpe is
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87B484EFD9A26DBD25B72B7" box="[545,627,1684,1710]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5052" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="1.38">1.38 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFDC126DBD2DF72B4" box="[634,759,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFDC126DBD2DF72B4" box="[634,759,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87B484EFCBE26DBD37F72B7" box="[773,855,1684,1710]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8354" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="1.51">1.51 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFCE526DBD3E572B4" box="[862,973,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFCE526DBD3E572B4" box="[862,973,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87B484EFBBD26DBD47072B7" box="[1030,1112,1684,1710]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9972" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="1.18">1.18 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA87B484EFBE426DBD4E472B4" box="[1119,1228,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFBE426DBD4E472B4" box="[1119,1228,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Juxta simple, Ushaped sclerotized yoke, transtilla very weakly sclerotized, bearing long, distally directed hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87B484EFF7D26ACD4C8736F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1363,2030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF7D26ACD18272E4" bold="true" box="[198,426,1763,1789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87B484EFE8A26ACD15372E4" box="[305,379,1763,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
: 2):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
FW length =
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA87B484EFDF726ABD29C72E7" box="[588,692,1764,1790]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="7" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(allotype) (n = 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFC2926ACD42072E4" bold="true" box="[914,1032,1763,1789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Forewing</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFBFB26ACD49D72E4" bold="true" box="[1088,1205,1763,1789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">hindwing</emphasis>
|
||
pattern,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFAA726ACD54272E4" bold="true" box="[1308,1386,1763,1789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">dorsal</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF2C2744D0D9733C" bold="true" box="[151,241,1803,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">ventral</emphasis>
|
||
, as in male, but lacking extensive pale overscaling at bases of wings above, presumably due to flightworn condition; wings slightly broader than in male. Female differs from male in lacking secondary sexual characters (forewing costal fold, metathoracic pouch, and tufts of hair-like scales on hindleg).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA87B4841FF7D27CCD3B474C3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1363,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA87B484EFF7D27CCD1E77384" bold="true" box="[198,463,1923,1950]" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA87B484EFEF127CCD1B97384" box="[330,401,1923,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1500]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female genitalia of Celotes. a) - e) C. spurcus; f), f’) C. nessus; g) C. limpia. a), b) Ventral view of ovipositor lobes, sterigma and bursa copulatrix; c) left lateral and d) ventro-posterior view, bursa copulatrix not shown; e) - g) ventral view of sterigma, the same orientation as in a) and b). a) - e) Allotype, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 2 - Sep- 2007 leg. A. D. Warren, genitalia ADW 08 - 14. f) Topotype, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, 422 W Kings Hwy, 1961, leg. R. W. Quillin & E. S. Quillin; f’) TX: Tarrant Co. Benbrook Reservoir, Holiday Park, 5 - Sep- 1976, leg. R. O. Kendall & C. A. Kendall; g) TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, road to Boquillas Canyon, near Barker house, larva found 15 - Sep- 2007, had larval diapause, emerged 1 - Jan- 2008, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184815/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="34">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
a–e):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sterigma in ventral view about as long as wide, strongly narrowing caudad, terminally about 1/2 its basal width. Posterior half of sterigma with sides almost parallel to the body axis; anterior half trapezoidal, sides at an angle of about 30° with body axis. Caudal margin of lamella postvaginalis concave in middle, with asymmetric sides and irregular margin, heavily sclerotized terminal section bean-shaped, about 1/3 of sterigma length. Ostium bursae wide, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FC9C208FD3BD74C0" box="[807,917,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FC9C208FD3BD74C0" box="[807,917,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3016555A8744841FF7D20A8D2C9706B" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D20A8D28876A3" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF7D20A8D1AF7518" bold="true" box="[198,391,231,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FF7D20A8D1297518" box="[198,257,231,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FE2620A7D222751B" box="[413,522,232,258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male bearing the following labels: printed white label /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FA9B20A7D5B0751B" box="[1312,1432,232,258]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: QUERÉTARO: / Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch / 4.2 rd. mi (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FCD4215FD3EC7533" box="[879,964,272,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="6.8">6.8 km</quantity>
|
||
) W Peñamiller on / camino Peñamiller- Boquillas /
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FE982177D190754B" box="[291,440,312,338]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="21.08139">21°04’53’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FE7A2177D273754B" box="[449,603,312,338]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="-99.8425">99°50’33’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FDC32177D2E5754B" box="[632,717,312,338]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1465.0">1465m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FD602177D37E754B" box="[731,854,312,338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="2007-09-03">3-IX-2007</date>
|
||
/ Andrew D. Warren /. Hand printed red label /
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FF2C212FD11A7563" box="[151,306,352,378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
male /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FE28212FD2787560" box="[403,592,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FE28212FD2787560" box="[403,592,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celotes spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ A. Warren, Steinhauser / C. Hernández-Mejía & Grishin/. Allotype female is from the same locality as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FDC021C7D2C975BB" box="[635,737,392,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FC8C21C7D39E75BB" box="[823,950,392,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="2007-09-02">2-IX-2007</date>
|
||
. There are
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FBF921C7D48A75BB" box="[1090,1186,392,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">91 male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FB1621C7D50A75BB" box="[1197,1314,392,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FA8B21C7D5B475BB" box="[1328,1436,392,418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">39 males</specimenCount>
|
||
same locality and date as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FE6921FFD21475D3" box="[466,572,432,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, Andrew D. Warren and John Kemner;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FB9A21FFD4A675D3" box="[1057,1166,432,458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">32 males</specimenCount>
|
||
from same locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FF2C2197D12975EB" box="[151,257,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FEB62197D1A375EB" box="[269,395,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="2007-09-02">2-IX-2007</date>
|
||
, Andrew D. Warren and John Kemner;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FCDB2197D3E175EB" box="[864,969,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">12 males</specimenCount>
|
||
same locality as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FB2D2197D4D775EB" box="[1174,1279,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FAB72197D5BF75EB" box="[1292,1431,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="2001-03-26">26-III-2001</date>
|
||
, Andrew D. Warren, Thomas W. Ortenburger and Jose Luis Salinas-Gutierrez;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FB1B224FD5207603" box="[1184,1288,512,538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FA9B224FD5B17603" box="[1312,1433,512,538]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: QUERÉTARO: Mpio. Cadereyta de Montes: sandy gulch SE Río Mezquitillo, just NE of Hwy. 120 vic. Puente Mezquitillo, 9.2 rd. mi (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FDAC221FD2557673" box="[535,637,592,618]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="14.8">14.8 km</quantity>
|
||
) N Vizarrón de Montes,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FC0B221FD42C7673" box="[944,1028,592,618]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1460.0">1460m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FBA8221FD48F7673" box="[1043,1191,592,618]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="20.939722">20°56’23’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FB0A221FD5647673" box="[1201,1356,592,618]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="-99.73694">99°44’13’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FAE0221FD0FC768B" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="2007-09-01">1-IX- 2007</date>
|
||
, Andrew D. Warren and John Kemner;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1DFD57A8744841FD1C2237D32C768B" box="[679,772,632,658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FCAB2237D3A1768B" box="[784,905,632,658]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: SAN
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0AAE1BA8744841FC6D2237D43F768B" box="[982,1047,632,658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">LUIS</collectionCode>
|
||
POTOSÍ, between Cárdenas and Ciudad del Maíz,
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8744841FED322EFD1D976A3" box="[360,497,672,698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" value="1988-07-08">8-VII-1988</date>
|
||
, John Kemner.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D2287D23E7743" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FF402287D14A76FB" box="[251,354,712,738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and various
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FE422287D24176FB" box="[505,617,712,738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are deposited in the Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FCA822BFD3477713" box="[787,879,752,778]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FCC622BFD3FF7713" box="[893,983,752,778]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
City. Additional
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FB1322BFD5307713" box="[1192,1304,752,778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are deposited in the McGuire Center for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FDB32357D2BD772B" box="[520,661,792,818]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, and other collections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D2328D2C9706B" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF7D2328D2337798" bold="true" box="[198,539,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FF7D2328D12B7798" box="[198,259,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8744841FE282328D1CD7798" box="[403,485,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type locality of Celotes spurcus, showing typical habitat and live males in natural conditions. a), b) The type locality, Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 1465 m, 21 ° 04 ’ 53 ’’ N 99 ° 50 ’ 33 ’’ W; a) view towards the northwest from main gulch, below road; b) view to the southeast from lower end of side gulch, 3 - Sep- 2007; c), d), e), f) C. spurcus males, perching on a possible foodplant in c); photos of live adults by Wayne Colony, 14 - Sep- 2007." pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a,b).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FD902327D28B779B" box="[555,675,872,898]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
: QUERÉTARO: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FAB12327D540779B" box="[1290,1384,872,898]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="6.8">6.8 km</quantity>
|
||
) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FD1723DFD32877B3" box="[684,768,912,938]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1465.0">1465m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FCB623DFD38A77B3" box="[781,930,912,938]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="21.08139">21°04’53’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2F5019A8744841FC1123DFD46D77B3" box="[938,1093,912,938]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" precision="15" value="-99.8425">99°50’33’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. The site where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FA8D23DFD5B477B3" box="[1334,1436,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and most
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FEB723F7D15477CB" box="[268,380,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected is a dry sandy wash in desert thornscrub habitat. Prominent plants in the habitat include various cacti, ocotillo (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FDE323AFD31977E3" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" box="[600,817,992,1018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fouquieriaceae" genus="Fouquieria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FDE323AFD2F477E0" box="[600,732,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Fouquieria</emphasis>
|
||
Kunth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FCFF23AFD3A077E0" box="[836,904,992,1017]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FCFF23AFD3A077E0" box="[836,904,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celtis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., and several species of malvaceous plants, possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FEBA2447D14E7038" box="[257,358,1032,1057]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FEBA2447D14E7038" box="[257,358,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Abutilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Adult males are most frequently encountered in sandy or rocky areas in the bottom of dry gullies, and males visit moist patches of sand and gravel. Males are typically nervous, and generally remain perched only for a few short moments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8744841FDDF2417D282706B" box="[612,682,1112,1138]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1819,1843]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type locality of Celotes spurcus, showing typical habitat and live males in natural conditions. a), b) The type locality, Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 1465 m, 21 ° 04 ’ 53 ’’ N 99 ° 50 ’ 33 ’’ W; a) view towards the northwest from main gulch, below road; b) view to the southeast from lower end of side gulch, 3 - Sep- 2007; c), d), e), f) C. spurcus males, perching on a possible foodplant in c); photos of live adults by Wayne Colony, 14 - Sep- 2007." pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
c–f).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3016555A8744841FF7D2430D297735B" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D2430D3A771C3" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF7D2430D20D7080" bold="true" box="[198,549,1151,1177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Distribution and phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FD9724CFD2CE7080" box="[556,742,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FD9724CFD2CE7080" box="[556,742,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celotes spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known from desert thornscrub habitats in central Querétaro State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FE3524E7D1C370DB" box="[398,491,1192,1218]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, north to east-central San Luis Potosí State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FC4024E7D47D70DB" box="[1019,1109,1192,1218]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8744841FBDD24E7D48470DB" box="[1126,1196,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1635,1659]" captionTargetBox="[197,1405,881,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,877,1609]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Records of Celotes from Mexico. Celotes nessus – circles; C. limpia – triangle; C. spurcus – stars. See Burns (1974) for distributional records of C. nessus and C. limpia from the United States." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184812/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species is not likely to occur far to the south of central Querétaro, since apparently appropriate habitats are eliminated by the rise in elevation of the Eje Neovolcánico of central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FCBB24B7D376710B" box="[768,862,1272,1298]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The northern distributional limits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FAA524B7D5B47108" box="[1310,1436,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FAA524B7D5B47108" box="[1310,1436,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain conjectural, and will be determined only through future fieldwork.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FBA2256FD49F7123" author="Burns" box="[1049,1207,1312,1338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FA97256FD5B47120" box="[1324,1436,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FA97256FD5B47120" box="[1324,1436,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from southeastern Coahuila State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FD882507D2B8717B" box="[563,656,1352,1378]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from a single male taken
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8744841FC6B2507D41E717B" box="[976,1078,1352,1378]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" unit="mi" value="25.0">25 miles</quantity>
|
||
north of Saltillo. Considering the existence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FEE1253FD1FF7190" box="[346,471,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FEE1253FD1FF7190" box="[346,471,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this specimen requires re-examination. If this specimen was determined only by dry examination of the valvae (by removing a few anal scales;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FC3E25D7D40A71AB" author="Burns" box="[901,1058,1432,1458]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not provide details), confusion with (the then unknown)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FE4C258FD25B71C0" box="[503,627,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FE4C258FD25B71C0" box="[503,627,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot yet be ruled out.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D25A8D297735B" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF7D25A8D1527218" bold="true" box="[198,378,1511,1537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Biogeography.</emphasis>
|
||
While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FE6C25A7D2077218" box="[471,559,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FE6C25A7D2077218" box="[471,559,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is seemingly adapted to dry and seasonally hot conditions, the genus is characterized by an austral Nearctic distribution (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FC92265FD3E57233" author="Halffter" box="[809,973,1552,1578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Halffter, G. (1987) Biogeography of the montane entomofauna of Mexico and Central America. Annual Review of Entomology 32, 95 - 114." type="journal article" year="1987">Halffter 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts appear to represent the center of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FD972677D2AC7248" box="[556,644,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FD972677D2AC7248" box="[556,644,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distribution, although the genus extends onto the southern Great Plains of North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FEF4262FD19C7263" box="[335,436,1632,1658]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FDAD262FD25B7263" box="[534,627,1632,1658]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Texas and Oklahoma (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FC39262FD4257263" author="Burns" box="[898,1037,1632,1658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FBA2262FD5017263" author="Stanford" box="[1049,1321,1632,1658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Stanford, R. E. & Opler, P. A. (1993) Atlas of Western USA Butterflies, Including Adjacent Parts of Canada and Mexico. Published by authors, Denver and Fort Collins, Colorado. x + 275 pp." type="book" year="1993">Stanford & Opler 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and into the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FC8726C7D3B072BB" box="[828,920,1672,1698]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, almost to the Eje Neovolcánico of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30C764EA8744841FF2C26FFD0D972D3" box="[151,241,1712,1738]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8744841FEBA26FFD16F72D3" box="[257,327,1712,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1635,1659]" captionTargetBox="[197,1405,881,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,877,1609]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Records of Celotes from Mexico. Celotes nessus – circles; C. limpia – triangle; C. spurcus – stars. See Burns (1974) for distributional records of C. nessus and C. limpia from the United States." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184812/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FEDB26FFD23272D0" box="[352,538,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FEDB26FFD23272D0" box="[352,538,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Celotes spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupies a region at the transition between the eastern edge of the Mexican Altiplano and the Sierra Madre Oriental. Its habitat can be considered an ancient southeastern extension of the Chihuahuan Desert, with faunal and floral influences extending south to the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán area of endemism in Puebla-Oaxaca (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8744841FE052767D29A735B" author="Espinosa" box="[446,690,1832,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="40" refString="Espinosa, D., Llorente, J. & Morrone, J. J. (2006) Historical biogeographical patterns of the species of Bursera (Burseraceae) and their taxonomic implications. Journal of Biogeography 33, 1945 - 1958." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FD8A2767D2437358" box="[561,619,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3016555A8744841FF7D2700D35C73FB" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8744841FF7D2700D35C73FB" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF7D2700D2567370" bold="true" box="[198,638,1871,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Larval foodplants and early stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Intensive searches for immature stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FBCE271FD4DA7370" box="[1141,1266,1872,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FBCE271FD4DA7370" box="[1141,1266,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not conducted, but several malvaceous plants at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8744841FD112737D2F5738B" box="[682,733,1912,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality were identified as potential larval foodplants, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FF0C27EFD13473A0" box="[183,284,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF0C27EFD13473A0" box="[183,284,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">Abutilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As a result, life history details for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FD7927EFD31773A0" box="[706,831,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FD7927EFD31773A0" box="[706,831,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain unknown, but should be similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FF2C2787D12D73F8" box="[151,261,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FF2C2787D12D73F8" box="[151,261,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8744841FE852787D18473F8" box="[318,428,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8744841FE852787D18473F8" box="[318,428,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="35">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(briefly described in the introduction).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3016555A8754840FF7D20D8D5BB751B" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8754840FF7D20D8D5BB751B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FF7D20D8D17B74A8" bold="true" box="[198,339,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8754840FEE420D7D1D774AB" author="Burns" box="[351,511,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FDDE20D7D2FF74A8" box="[613,727,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FDDE20D7D2FF74A8" box="[613,727,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the locality,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC1220D7D3D674AB" box="[937,1022,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">Limpia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Canyon, where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A0887CA8754840FB4720D7D54A74AB" box="[1276,1378,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was taken. Since “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE80208FD1A374C3" box="[315,395,192,218]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">limpia</taxonomicName>
|
||
” translates from Spanish as “clean”, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCC6208FD3E074C0" box="[893,968,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCC6208FD3E074C0" box="[893,968,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is indeed the palest and most contrastingly-marked
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE8720A7D1BC7518" box="[316,404,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE8720A7D1BC7518" box="[316,404,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it seemed appropriate to name this generally darker taxon “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FBED20A7D49F751B" authority="Latin" authorityName="Latin" box="[1110,1207,232,258]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">spurcus</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, Latin for “dirty.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3016555A8754843FF7D2140D434717B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8754840FF7D2140D338765B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FF7D2140D2207530" bold="true" box="[198,520,271,297]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis and discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Superficially,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD02215FD35D7530" box="[697,885,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD02215FD35D7530" box="[697,885,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FC33215FD3FB7533" box="[904,979,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
: 1–4) looks very much like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FA90215FD5B37530" box="[1323,1435,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FA90215FD5B37530" box="[1323,1435,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FF242177D0C2754B" box="[159,234,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
: 5–8) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FED22177D1F07548" box="[361,472,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FED22177D1F07548" box="[361,472,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FE512177D21C754B" box="[490,564,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,165,1657]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,165,1662]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens of Celotes. 1 – 4 C. spurcus, all from Mexico: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas; 5 – 8 C. nessus and 9 – 12 C. limpia; d and v denote dorsal and ventral views, respectively. 1. Holotype ♂, 3 - Sep- 2007; 2. Allotype Ψ, 2 - Sep- 2007; 3. Paratype ♂, paler specimen 2 - Sep- 2007; 4. Paratype ♂, smaller specimen 26 - Mar- 2001; 5. ♂ TX: Val Verde Co. 7 mi (11.3 km) E Del Rio, el (ex larva) 23 - Dec- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon fruticosum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 6. Topotype Ψ, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, NE Preserve, el 18 - Sep- 1960, larval foodplant Abutilon incanum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 7. ♂ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, 31 - Mar- 1978, leg. J. P. Brock; 8. Ψ AZ: Pima Co. Molino Basin, el 22 - Jun- 1990, larval foodplant Ayenia compacta, emerged 26 - Jul- 1990, leg. J. P. Brock; 9. Paratype ♂ TX: Presidio Co. SH 170 ca. 10 - 15 mi (16.1 – 24.1 km) SE Redford, el 31 - Aug- 1966, larval foodplant Abutilon malacum, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 10. Paratype Ψ TX: Jeff Davis Co. Musquiz Cyn SH 118, el 14 - Apr- 1967, had larval diapause, larval foodplant Allowissadula holosericea, leg. R. O. & C. A. Kendall; 11. ♂, 12. Ψ, both TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, E of Chisos Basin Campground, el 16 - Sep- 2005, larval foodplant Sphaeralcea angustifolia, leg. N. V. Grishin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184813/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
: 9–12), but averages slightly larger and darker than both, with somewhat smaller opaque white wing macules.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8754840FDF5212FD2C27563" author="Burns" box="[590,746,352,378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was unable to identify wing pattern characters to separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FF2C21C7D12D75B8" box="[151,261,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FF2C21C7D12D75B8" box="[151,261,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FEF421C7D19775B8" box="[335,447,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FEF421C7D19775B8" box="[335,447,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similarly, we were unable to discern reliable superficial wing markings that could be used to identify
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE3E21FFD22D75D0" box="[389,517,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE3E21FFD22D75D0" box="[389,517,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, largely due to similarity in wing patterns between all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB1321FFD52875D0" box="[1192,1280,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB1321FFD52875D0" box="[1192,1280,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, and because of great individual variation in the size and shape of macules, patches and streaks on all three species. Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FEA7224FD1B47600" box="[284,412,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FEA7224FD1B47600" box="[284,412,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
becomes yet another pyrgine that can be reliably determined only through genitalic examination (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE822267D1437658" box="[313,363,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">e.g.,</emphasis>
|
||
see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8754840FE252267D243765B" author="Steinhauser" box="[414,619,552,578]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" refString="Steinhauser, S. R. (1989) Taxonomic notes and descriptions of new taxa in the Neotropical Hesperiidae. Part I. Pyrginae. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 127, 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1989">Steinhauser 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8754840FDCC2267D32C765B" author="Burns" box="[631,772,552,578]" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (2000) Pyrgus communis and Pyrgus albescens (Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) are separate transcontinental species with variable but diagnostic valves. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 54 (2), 52 - 71." type="journal article" year="2000">Burns 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8754840FF7D221FD0F972D3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
However, male genitalic differences between species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCE7221FD39C7670" box="[860,948,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCE7221FD39C7670" box="[860,948,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are so profound and so numerous that no doubt remains in the specific distinction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD252237D3337688" box="[670,795,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD252237D3337688" box="[670,795,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC262237D4337688" box="[925,1051,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FC262237D4337688" box="[925,1051,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are immediately separated from the other two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE8022EFD1BB76A0" box="[315,403,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE8022EFD1BB76A0" box="[315,403,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the distinctive long curved process (= projection, = prong, = style) from the ampulla, which can be seen by brushing away some anal scales from the abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FBDB2287D48D76FB" box="[1120,1189,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a,d,i). This process is particularly well developed on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FDAA22BFD2B87710" box="[529,656,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FDAA22BFD2B87710" box="[529,656,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, claw-like, and armed with several terminal teeth, at least some teeth being longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FE482357D211772B" box="[499,569,792,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
d). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD6E2357D36B7728" box="[725,835,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD6E2357D36B7728" box="[725,835,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a homologous process, it is less-developed and less curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FE97230FD15A7743" box="[300,370,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8754840FEDF230FD15A7743" box="[356,370,832,858]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="5.0">5</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
m). More precisely, the following features of male genitalia
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB842370D0CB7798" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB0A2370D51B7740" box="[1201,1331,831,857]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB0A2370D51B7740" bold="true" box="[1201,1331,831,857]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FA3A2370D0CB7798" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FA3A2370D0CB7798" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 1) The process on the valva is more curved, C-shaped, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC222327D43E7798" box="[921,1046,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FC222327D43E7798" box="[921,1046,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and this in lateral view does not overlay the harpe; process is armed with larger terminal teeth. A homologous process in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FABD23DFD55277B0" box="[1286,1402,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FABD23DFD55277B0" box="[1286,1402,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is straighter, smaller, in lateral view (unless intentionally twisted and moved away) typically overlays the harpe and passes distad from it, teeth are less developed. 2) The valva is broader in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FBA723AFD4B177E0" box="[1052,1177,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FBA723AFD4B177E0" box="[1052,1177,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB4D23AFD54B77E0" box="[1270,1379,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB4D23AFD54B77E0" box="[1270,1379,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is strongly concave cephalad of the process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FD142447D2DF703B" box="[687,759,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
d,i). Valva is flatter cephalad of the process in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FA9D2447D5BD7038" box="[1318,1429,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FA9D2447D5BD7038" box="[1318,1429,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is narrower (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FEE4247FD18C7053" box="[351,420,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8754840FE2D247FD18C7053" box="[406,420,1072,1098]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="5.0">5</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
m). Width of valva (measured at the widest section, which is around the middle of the valva) is less than 0.5 times its length (not including the harpe, from the base to the end of ampulla, at which point harpe protrudes caudad) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD9F24CFD2BB7080" box="[548,659,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD9F24CFD2BB7080" box="[548,659,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and larger than
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8754840FCDB24CFD38D7083" box="[864,933,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="0.5">0.5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC1624CFD4047080" box="[941,1068,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FC1624CFD4047080" box="[941,1068,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 3) The ampulla of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FAA524CFD5B47080" box="[1310,1436,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FAA524CFD5B47080" box="[1310,1436,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
protrudes farther distad and dorsad than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD3724E7D2D070D8" box="[652,760,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD3724E7D2D070D8" box="[652,760,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus almost or slightly overlapping the harpe, rather than being far apart as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE33249FD1DD70F0" box="[392,501,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE33249FD1DD70F0" box="[392,501,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In other words, the ampulla looks “cut” at around 30 degrees in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB4E249FD54B70F0" box="[1269,1379,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB4E249FD54B70F0" box="[1269,1379,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and it appears “cut” almost vertically in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FDFF24B7D2E97108" box="[580,705,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FDFF24B7D2E97108" box="[580,705,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Due to this feature, the origin of the process in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FAB824B7D5A87108" box="[1283,1408,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FAB824B7D5A87108" box="[1283,1408,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is well ventrad of the dorsal margin of valva, while the process originates very close to the dorsal margin in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FA3A256FD0CA7178" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FA3A256FD0CA7178" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 4) The harpe narrows gradually towards the terminus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC312507D42F7178" box="[906,1031,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FC312507D42F7178" box="[906,1031,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas the harpe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FAA82507D5A97178" box="[1299,1409,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FAA82507D5A97178" box="[1299,1409,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more robust and follows a nearly constant width almost until the very terminus, where it rounds off; thus being broader just near the terminus than the harpe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCAE25D7D3BA71A8" box="[789,914,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCAE25D7D3BA71A8" box="[789,914,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 5) The tegumen is short in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB6425D7D57471A8" box="[1247,1372,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB6425D7D57471A8" box="[1247,1372,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FAD725D7D08E71C3" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
e,j), as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FEA0258FD1A271C0" box="[283,394,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FEA0258FD1A271C0" box="[283,394,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not projecting prominently cephalad as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FC34258FD3D571C0" box="[911,1021,1472,1497]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FC34258FD3D571C0" box="[911,1021,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 6) The uncus is narrower than the tegumen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FE9A25A7D1B67218" box="[289,414,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FE9A25A7D1B67218" box="[289,414,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FE1525A7D1DC721B" box="[430,500,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
e,j), whereas the uncus is broad, about the same width as the tegumen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FAF125A7D0947230" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FAF125A7D0947230" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FF75265FD13E7233" box="[206,278,1552,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
n). 7) The penis is longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FDCB265FD2C77230" box="[624,751,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FDCB265FD2C77230" box="[624,751,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCEF265FD3EC7230" box="[852,964,1552,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCEF265FD3EC7230" box="[852,964,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ratio of penis length to length of right valva from cephalic end to caudal end of harpe is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8754840FC9E2677D340724B" box="[805,872,1592,1618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="1.4">1.4 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCD42677D3C37248" box="[879,1003,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCD42677D3C37248" box="[879,1003,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8754840FBC82677D49E724B" box="[1139,1206,1592,1618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" unit="in" value="1.2">1.2 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB062677D5027248" box="[1213,1322,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB062677D5027248" box="[1213,1322,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Features
|
||
<date id="FFA5101EA8754840FF2C262FD1047263" box="[151,300,1632,1658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">2 and 4 may</date>
|
||
be the easiest to observe when differentiating between long-pronged species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FB53262FD5687260" box="[1256,1344,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FB53262FD5687260" box="[1256,1344,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, do not require full genitalic preparation, and may be visible after brushing some scales off the distal tip of the abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8754843FF7D2697D2C674C3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,1378]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The following features of the male genitalia
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD6D2698D4BC72E8" bold="true" box="[726,1172,1751,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">
|
||
separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FCF32698D3E172E8" box="[840,969,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FCF32698D3E172E8" bold="true" box="[840,969,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FBAC2698D4A272E8" box="[1047,1162,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FBAC2698D4A272E8" bold="true" box="[1047,1162,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1) The process on the valva is very short and spike-like in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FDFE274FD29C7300" box="[581,692,1792,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FDFE274FD29C7300" box="[581,692,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, projecting dorsad, with no more than four terminal teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FAD6274FD08E735B" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
k). The process does not curve caudad terminally in any significant way. 2) The harpe is better developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FF2C271FD13B7370" box="[151,275,1872,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FF2C271FD13B7370" box="[151,275,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, further separated from the ampulla; its section that is directed cephalad is longer and less concave at the distal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FE332737D1E7738B" box="[392,463,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
d,i). The harpe in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FD242737D3267388" box="[671,782,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FD242737D3267388" box="[671,782,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller, almost touching the ampulla by its cephalicpointing section, which is less clearly separated from the caudal-directed section, and is shorter and somewhat concave at the distal margin near the terminus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8754840FD7F2787D32273FB" box="[708,778,1992,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="9" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
e,j). 3)The penis is usually slightly shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8754840FAA42787D5B473F8" box="[1311,1436,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8754840FAA42787D5B473F8" box="[1311,1436,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="36">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF5420D7D17574A8" box="[239,349,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF5420D7D17574A8" box="[239,349,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the ratio of penis length to length of right valva from cephalic end to caudal end of harpe is about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8764843FF64208FD10A74C3" box="[223,290,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5559999999999996" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="1.4">1.4 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE92208FD18E74C0" box="[297,422,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE92208FD18E74C0" box="[297,422,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8764843FD95208FD25974C3" box="[558,625,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FDC3208FD2CF74C0" box="[632,743,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FDC3208FD2CF74C0" box="[632,743,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8764843FF7D20A7D44375EB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Interestingly, the list of prominent differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FCCA20A7D3CC7518" box="[881,996,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FCCA20A7D3CC7518" box="[881,996,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB9C20A7D4807518" box="[1063,1192,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB9C20A7D4807518" box="[1063,1192,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shorter than that between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF44215FD1447530" box="[255,364,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF44215FD1447530" box="[255,364,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE1E215FD2097530" box="[421,545,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE1E215FD2097530" box="[421,545,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, despite the presence of a long valval process in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB2C215FD52C7530" box="[1175,1284,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB2C215FD52C7530" box="[1175,1284,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FA87215FD0967548" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FA87215FD0967548" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, it appears that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE6D2177D27B7548" box="[470,595,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE6D2177D27B7548" box="[470,595,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could essentially be considered a “long-pronged” version of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FA9E2177D5BC7548" box="[1317,1428,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FA9E2177D5BC7548" box="[1317,1428,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, this pronounced feature itself should be enough to warrant species-level status. Such long-prong/ short-prong species pairs are well known in other genera, for instance,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC5E21C7D51F75BB" authority="Godman & Salvin" authorityName="Godman & Salvin" box="[997,1335,392,418]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Staphylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC5E21C7D47E75B8" box="[997,1110,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Staphylus</emphasis>
|
||
Godman & Salvin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FAF221C7D19875D3" authority="W. H. Edwards" authorityName="W. H. Edwards" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Staphylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hayhurstii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FAF221C7D57075B8" box="[1353,1368,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FAD321C7D0CC75D0" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">hayhurstii</emphasis>
|
||
(W. H. Edwards)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE5A21FFD2F975D3" authority="Reakirt" authorityName="Reakirt" box="[481,721,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Staphylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mazans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE5A21FFD27E75D0" box="[481,598,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">S. mazans</emphasis>
|
||
(Reakirt))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FCB121FFD40E75D3" authority="W. H. Edwards" authorityName="W. H. Edwards" box="[778,1062,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Systasea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FCB121FFD34775D0" box="[778,879,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Systasea</emphasis>
|
||
W. H. Edwards
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB8121FFD55B75D3" authority="R. Felder" authorityName="R. Felder" box="[1082,1395,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Systasea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverulenta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB8121FFD46075D0" box="[1082,1096,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FBEC21FFD4C375D0" box="[1111,1259,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">pulverulenta</emphasis>
|
||
(R. Felder)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF2C2197D1F375EB" authority="W. H. Edwards" authorityName="W. H. Edwards" box="[151,475,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Systasea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zampa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF2C2197D12875E8" box="[151,256,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">S. zampa</emphasis>
|
||
(W. H. Edwards))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8764843FDA82197D2D875EB" author="Steinhauser" box="[531,752,472,498]" pageId="10" pageNumber="40" refString="Steinhauser, S. R. (1989) Taxonomic notes and descriptions of new taxa in the Neotropical Hesperiidae. Part I. Pyrginae. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum 127, 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1989">Steinhauser (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8764843FC912197D3E375EB" author="Miller" box="[810,971,472,498]" pageId="10" pageNumber="40" refString="Miller, L. D. (1970) Reports on the Margaret M. Cary - Carnegie Museum expedition to Baja California, Mexico, 1961. 7. The family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Annals of Carnegie Museum 41 (5), 169 - 200." type="journal article" year="1970">Miller (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8764843FF7D224FD4E677B3" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Although it is premature to reach a definitive conclusion from a single specimen, it is not clear at present whether it is possible to distinguish females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FD7E2267D36A7658" box="[709,834,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FD7E2267D36A7658" box="[709,834,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC492267D44A7658" box="[1010,1122,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC492267D44A7658" box="[1010,1122,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using genitalic characters. Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE9E221FD1BD7670" box="[293,405,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE9E221FD1BD7670" box="[293,405,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily separated from the other two species by: 1) the sterigma appears more square-shaped ventrally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE692237D2177688" box="[466,575,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE692237D2177688" box="[466,575,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and more trapezoidal in the other two species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FBDE2237D483768B" box="[1125,1195,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1500]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female genitalia of Celotes. a) - e) C. spurcus; f), f’) C. nessus; g) C. limpia. a), b) Ventral view of ovipositor lobes, sterigma and bursa copulatrix; c) left lateral and d) ventro-posterior view, bursa copulatrix not shown; e) - g) ventral view of sterigma, the same orientation as in a) and b). a) - e) Allotype, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 2 - Sep- 2007 leg. A. D. Warren, genitalia ADW 08 - 14. f) Topotype, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, 422 W Kings Hwy, 1961, leg. R. W. Quillin & E. S. Quillin; f’) TX: Tarrant Co. Benbrook Reservoir, Holiday Park, 5 - Sep- 1976, leg. R. O. Kendall & C. A. Kendall; g) TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, road to Boquillas Canyon, near Barker house, larva found 15 - Sep- 2007, had larval diapause, emerged 1 - Jan- 2008, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE39B3BA8764843FB202237D483768B" box="[1179,1195,632,658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="g" value="6.0">6</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g); and 2) the ostium bursae is narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE2922EFD1D776A0" box="[402,511,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE2922EFD1D776A0" box="[402,511,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in the other two species. A potential difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB7622EFD56176A0" box="[1229,1353,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB7622EFD56176A0" box="[1229,1353,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FA3A22EFD0CC76F8" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FA3A22EFD0CC76F8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that needs to be substantiated through the collection and genitalic examination of many more females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF0322BFD11D7710" box="[184,309,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF0322BFD11D7710" box="[184,309,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is the shape of sterigma, which narrows caudad more strongly in the single
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB7D22BFD56C7710" box="[1222,1348,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB7D22BFD56C7710" box="[1222,1348,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FF242357D0CD772B" box="[159,229,792,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1500]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female genitalia of Celotes. a) - e) C. spurcus; f), f’) C. nessus; g) C. limpia. a), b) Ventral view of ovipositor lobes, sterigma and bursa copulatrix; c) left lateral and d) ventro-posterior view, bursa copulatrix not shown; e) - g) ventral view of sterigma, the same orientation as in a) and b). a) - e) Allotype, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 2 - Sep- 2007 leg. A. D. Warren, genitalia ADW 08 - 14. f) Topotype, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, 422 W Kings Hwy, 1961, leg. R. W. Quillin & E. S. Quillin; f’) TX: Tarrant Co. Benbrook Reservoir, Holiday Park, 5 - Sep- 1976, leg. R. O. Kendall & C. A. Kendall; g) TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, road to Boquillas Canyon, near Barker house, larva found 15 - Sep- 2007, had larval diapause, emerged 1 - Jan- 2008, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
e) than that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE352357D1D57728" box="[398,509,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE352357D1D57728" box="[398,509,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FDB62357D27C772B" box="[525,596,792,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1523,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,194,1500]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female genitalia of Celotes. a) - e) C. spurcus; f), f’) C. nessus; g) C. limpia. a), b) Ventral view of ovipositor lobes, sterigma and bursa copulatrix; c) left lateral and d) ventro-posterior view, bursa copulatrix not shown; e) - g) ventral view of sterigma, the same orientation as in a) and b). a) - e) Allotype, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 2 - Sep- 2007 leg. A. D. Warren, genitalia ADW 08 - 14. f) Topotype, TX: Bexar Co. San Antonio, 422 W Kings Hwy, 1961, leg. R. W. Quillin & E. S. Quillin; f’) TX: Tarrant Co. Benbrook Reservoir, Holiday Park, 5 - Sep- 1976, leg. R. O. Kendall & C. A. Kendall; g) TX: Brewster Co. Big Bend National Park, road to Boquillas Canyon, near Barker house, larva found 15 - Sep- 2007, had larval diapause, emerged 1 - Jan- 2008, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
f,f’), and the section of the lamella postvaginalis with the margins more or less parallel to the body axis (caudal section) is about half the length of the sterigma in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB76230FD5627740" box="[1229,1354,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB76230FD5627740" box="[1229,1354,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is only about one third the length in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FD862327D2877798" box="[573,687,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FD862327D2877798" box="[573,687,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We have illustrated dry as well as traditional wet mounts of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF5523DFD16E77B0" box="[238,326,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF5523DFD16E77B0" box="[238,326,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genitalia in order to facilitate
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FD1323DFD2D877B0" box="[680,752,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
genitalic examination in the lab or field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA436DEA8764843FF7D23F7D434717B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Additional support for the species-level status of all three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FCD423F7D3EF77C8" box="[879,967,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FCD423F7D3EF77C8" box="[879,967,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Celotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa is provided by features of the metathoracic pouch of males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FE7623AFD23F77E3" box="[461,535,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,167,1046]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,167,1046]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Metathoracic pouch of Celotes males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view. a, b) C. spurcus; c) C. nessus; d) C. limpia; top row (a, b, c, d) is the entire view of the two “ formations ”; bottom row (denoted by prime, a’, b’, c’, d’) is the left “ formation ” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above. a, b) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; c) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; d) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25 × compared to the top row." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). As discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A4B2FA8764843FD4A23AFD3B877E3" author="Burns" box="[753,912,992,1018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="40" refString="Burns, J. M. (1974) The polytypic genus Celotes (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae) from the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Psyche 81 (1), 51 - 69." type="journal article" year="1974">Burns (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC0123AFD40F77E0" box="[954,1063,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC0123AFD40F77E0" box="[954,1063,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the metathoracic pouch is dorsally covered with very thin, linear, pale scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FD622447D30A703B" box="[729,802,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,167,1046]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,167,1046]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Metathoracic pouch of Celotes males. Abdomen removed, dorso-posterior view. a, b) C. spurcus; c) C. nessus; d) C. limpia; top row (a, b, c, d) is the entire view of the two “ formations ”; bottom row (denoted by prime, a’, b’, c’, d’) is the left “ formation ” magnified, of the specimen shown in the same column above. a, b) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; c) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring Trail, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; d) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same in each row, bottom row is magnified 2.25 × compared to the top row." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184814/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
d); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FCD12447D3F27038" box="[874,986,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FCD12447D3F27038" box="[874,986,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
these scales are round and gray, with linear scales, if present, restricted to the proximal area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FC9A247FD3407053" box="[801,872,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
c). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FBB9247FD4567050" box="[1026,1150,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FBB9247FD4567050" box="[1026,1150,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares the lack of linear scales (except proximally) and presence of shingle-like, round scales with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC462417D4437068" box="[1021,1131,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC462417D4437068" box="[1021,1131,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these scales are light and cream-colored (not gray as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE4F24CFD24A7080" box="[500,610,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE4F24CFD24A7080" box="[500,610,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which in conjunction with the darker aspect of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB2724CFD5307080" box="[1180,1304,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB2724CFD5307080" box="[1180,1304,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FF0324E7D10170D8" box="[184,297,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FF0324E7D10170D8" box="[184,297,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is unexpected and appears to be indicative of a species-level difference from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB5324E7D57170D8" box="[1256,1369,1192,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB5324E7D57170D8" box="[1256,1369,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13202A5BA8764843FAD724E7D08E70F3" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1530,1554]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male genitalia of Celotes. a) - j) C. spurcus; k), l) C. nessus; m), n) C. limpia; a) - h’), above the line, “ wet ” genitalia parts of a paratype, photographed using Nikon D 200 camera through a “ light-through ” microscope; i) - n), below the line, “ dry ” in-situ genitalia, photographed using Nikon D 200 through a 105 mm f / 2.8 G AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor lens with a 2 × teleconverter TC- 20 E. Genital capsule: a) left lateral and a’) dorsal views. Genital ring - uncus, tegumen, gnathos, saccus and associated structures: b) dorsal, b’) ventral and b ”) right lateral views. Valvae: c) separated from the genital capsule, dorsal view; c’) dorsal view, left and right valvae on the right and left, respectively; d) interior and d’) exterior lateral views, left and right valvae on the left and right, respectively. Tegumen, uncus and gnathos: e) dorsal and e’) ventral views; f) saccus, ventral view; g) juxta. Aedeagus: h) dorsal, and h’) left lateral views. i), k), m) Left valva, lateral view, exterior above, interior below. j), l), n) Uncus with a caudal part of tegumen, dorsal view. a) - j) Paratypes, MX: Querétaro: Mpio. Peñamiller: sandy gulch 4.2 rd. mi (6.8 km) W Peñamiller on camino Peñamiller-Boquillas, 3 - Sep- 2007, leg. A. D. Warren; k), l) TX: El Paso Co. Franklin Mountains State Park, Cottonwood Spring, 16 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin; m), n) Topotype, TX: Jeff Davis Co. Davis Mountains State Park, Indian Lodge, 14 - Apr- 2007, leg. N. V. Grishin. The scale is the same for all images." pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a,b). The color of the pouch scales in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FDE7249FD2F070F0" box="[604,728,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FDE7249FD2F070F0" box="[604,728,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more like that seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC40249FD44F70F0" box="[1019,1127,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limpia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC40249FD44F70F0" box="[1019,1127,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. limpia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB7E249FD51C70F0" box="[1221,1332,1232,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB7E249FD51C70F0" box="[1221,1332,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In summary, characters of the genitalia (long prong, shape of the harpe) and metathoracic pouch of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FB4A24B7D5477108" box="[1265,1391,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FB4A24B7D5477108" box="[1265,1391,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are strong indicators of specific distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FD65256FD3757120" box="[734,861,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FD65256FD3757120" box="[734,861,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FC20256FD4247120" box="[923,1036,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nessus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FC20256FD4247120" box="[923,1036,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. nessus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and leave no doubt that possibly allopatric populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B4D5DA8764843FE072507D2117178" box="[444,569,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spurcus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96FEACCA8764843FE072507D2117178" box="[444,569,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">C. spurcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
constitute a separate species-level taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |