172 lines
16 KiB
XML
172 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F96175B43B834F6D66E1967218515312">Freshwater fishes of Iraq: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8BB78A11247D91F1F24759CC32C64020">Çiçek, Erdoğan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="04D0547FAAF67709CAC9AEB9A37F94A8">Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1CB7C0A90EEA2194B2AABBDD95602FEA">Jawad, Laith</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C79007EB1DED6238D24DD442062A8AD">School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="31F367AD16730369BCBE6A9FC6AEF1C5">Eagderi, Soheil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81EEEF15BC7D5ACA8226051B2EDDCB64">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0C41080AFBCB4B7C5DA388B9D3A127C8">Esmaeili, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="662ED2EF6ED550ABB717356050C10BC8">Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D7B15111746DBE89C8B8CA894781C59F">Mouludi-Saleh, Atta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA3D06C742938E0E741123177E9F7397">Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4E3F74946E50984FE09A32C8B3BA691E">Sungur, Sevil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D78D7DBB6B4F0C264A08CF269BFE0CF5">Health Services Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı BektaşVeli University, Nevşehir, Türkiye</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E96E2704FC3745D72BE5985855D4FB7A">Fricke, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="36BDA05576988B9A201FCFE7DE0B43AC">Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="563BE3A2A51515A935DC357E83B08A55">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FC976E2C0F762FE4F01EF9915A626BCC">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D65887E4FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FD0FF879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10018819" ID-GBIF-Taxon="214039028" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10018819" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D65887E4FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FD0FF879" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D65887E4FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FD0FF879" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FC00FA01" box="[151,974,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FC00FA01" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" box="[151,974,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="0506819EFFB9FF9798C8D3A3FC00FA01" bold="true" box="[151,974,1446,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FC00FA01" bold="true" box="[151,974,1446,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FCCFFA00" ID-CoL="6MR5M" authority="(Valenciennes, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[151,769,1446,1473]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hypophthalmichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molitrix">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D3A3FE35FA01" bold="true" box="[151,507,1446,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</emphasis>
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(Valenciennes, 1844)
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</taxonomicName>
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[I]—Silver carp
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D3CEFED0F9ED" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D3CEFED0F9ED" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D3CEFED4FA25" bold="true" box="[151,282,1483,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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Original description:
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||
<taxonomicName id="99F14D71FFB9FF979A4FD3CEFCB7FA25" ID-CoL="6PRQJ" authority="Valenciennes" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1844" box="[528,889,1483,1509]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Leuciscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molitrix">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF979A4FD3CEFD10FA25" box="[528,734,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leuciscus molitrix</emphasis>
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Valenciennes
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB9FF979BC3D3CEFAD0FA25" author="Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A." box="[924,1310,1483,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="487 - 519" refId="ref35305" refString="Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (1844) Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome Dix-Septieme. Suite du livre dix-huitieme. Cyprinoides. Chez P. Bertrand, Paris, xxiii + 497 + 2 pp., pls. 487 - 519." type="book chapter" year="1844">Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1844: 360</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979D72D3CEFABBFA25" box="[1325,1397,1483,1509]" name="China" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">China</collectingCountry>
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; no
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<typeStatus id="814A8850FFB9FF9798BCD3EAFED0F9C9" box="[227,286,1519,1545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">types</typeStatus>
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known).—
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF9799C1D3EAFE03F9C9" box="[414,461,1519,1545]" name="Iraq" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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synonyms: None.—Revisions:
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB9FF979B68D3EAFC35F9C9" author="Berg, L. S." box="[823,1019,1519,1545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref33166" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian, English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 846)</bibRefCitation>
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.—Illustration:
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB9FF979CF4D3EAFAA7F9C9" author="Berg, L. S." box="[1195,1385,1519,1545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 496" refId="ref33166" refString="Berg, L. S. (1949) Ryby presnych vod SSSR i sopredelnych stan. [Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries]. Vol. 2. 4 th Edition. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. [Guide to the Fauna of the U. S. S. R.], Moskva. Freshwater fishes of the U. S. S. R. and adjacent countries, No. 29, 467 - 925. [in Russian, English translation appeared in Israel Program of Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 1964, pp. 1 - 496]" type="journal article" year="1949">Berg (1949: 847</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 579).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D033FC2DF9B5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D033FC2DF9B5" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D033FE8CF991" bold="true" box="[151,322,1590,1617]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Status in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979959D032FEF3F991" box="[262,317,1591,1617]" name="Iraq" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Introduced by the government of Iraq in 1968 (
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB9FF979B0DD032FC2FF991" author="Jawad, L." box="[850,993,1591,1617]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="581 - 593" refId="ref38468" refString="Jawad, L. (2003) Impact of environmental change on the freshwater fish fauna of Iraq. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 60 (6), 581 - 593. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0020723032000087934" type="journal article" year="2003">Jawad, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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) and recorded from Shatt al-Arab River by
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<bibRefCitation id="3A604B03FFB9FF97995BD05EFE01F9B5" author="Al-Hassan, L. A. J." box="[260,463,1627,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="204" refId="ref32390" refString="Al-Hassan, L. A. J. (1994) The silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Cyprinidae) in Shatt al-Arab River. Cybium, 18 (2), 204." type="journal article" year="1994">Al-Hassan (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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; Al-Faisal
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF979A16D05EFDB4F9B5" box="[585,634,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
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. (2014).—Iraq materials: None.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D07BFC0EF88D" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D07BFC0EF88D" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D07BFE0CF958" bold="true" box="[151,450,1662,1689]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979A29D07AFD69F959" box="[630,679,1663,1689]" name="Iraq" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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: Introduce somewehere in Tigris and Euphrates rivers drainages.— General distribution: Asia:
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979A51D0A6FDB4F97D" box="[526,634,1699,1725]" name="China" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
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: Yangtze River basin,
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979B32D0A6FC7EF97D" box="[877,944,1699,1725]" name="China" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">China</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="26E67662FFB9FF979BBCD0A6FBFFF97D" box="[995,1073,1699,1725]" name="Russia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Russia</collectingCountry>
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; widely introduced elsewhere.— Habitat: In its natural range, this species migrates upstream for spawning; eggs and larva float downstream to floodplain zones. An active species well known for its habit of leaping clear of the water when disturbed. Swims just beneath the water’s surface. Very sensitive to low temperatures (below 5°C) and oxygen deficits. It feeds on phytoplankton and zooplankton. Freshwater, brackish.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D153FB8DF855" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="multiple">
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||
<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D153FD09F8B1" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" box="[151,711,1878,1905]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D153FE6AF8B0" bold="true" box="[151,420,1878,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Economic importance.</emphasis>
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Commercially important.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D17EFB8DF855" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" box="[151,1091,1914,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D17EFE75F854" bold="true" box="[151,443,1914,1941]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
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Fisheries: enhancement of wild stocks and sports fishing.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="16EB6579FFB9FF9798C8D19BFD0FF879" box="[151,705,1950,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="5E4E36F2FFB9FF9798C8D19BFD0FF879" blockId="18.[151,1437,1446,1977]" box="[151,705,1950,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="6C85EAE0FFB9FF9798C8D19BFEF1F878" bold="true" box="[151,319,1950,1976]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Conservation.</emphasis>
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Not relevant (introduced species).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |