315 lines
51 KiB
XML
315 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="0F1BCFED86BE9BCC9B69640FCA834681" ID-CLB-Dataset="8171" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5fd31c2-1373-448a-9dd5-e3d130a22e14" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529319" ID-ZooBank="372AB4A4-C184-4223-8525-62532B712FF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612952051670" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Fernández-Alonso, José L., Remeikis, Andrius & Solis, M. Alma" docDate="2021" docId="03EA87FCFFC2FFE8FF19FE54034EFE30" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4926.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4926 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella mentholica Diskus & Stonis 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="13111F27-B26F-472E-B3EC-A23954B7A6E1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="366" masterDocId="FFD3FF84FFC0FFEBFF8EFF8E0726FFC5" masterDocTitle="New leaf-miningNepticulidae (Lepidoptera): potential pests of aromatic Lamiaceae plants from equatorial Andes" masterLastPageNumber="383" masterPageNumber="363" pageNumber="365" updateTime="1698928604595" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8EAB596B4A5833E79E552099E839B2F5">New leaf-miningNepticulidae (Lepidoptera): potential pests of aromatic Lamiaceae plants from equatorial Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BCC22D389FECF7B5ACAD7231DB8DCCFF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3E03DDFD88BD5B436AE0A0D1D8B44AFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E645A827B28B048A734228B363C4569A">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="382CE39E3A1580E8A84CA2EA11CBFB4D">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="61D6C0A17947E6A296D0D4BDDBAEE734">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A54A65361CB5B20C1C743C6F99E86C50">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. & diskus. biotaxonomy @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0106 - 5546</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EB659EE16ED4DE9C5A9CE430AC6D9649" type="email">diskus.biotaxonomy@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7FB3D91800B5ADAF035234A063F78FF9">Fernández-Alonso, José L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="45E51CFCF8E1DBF9A65F0CDAEE2CE628" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1701-480X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F86B58E0B62F60AFC0603D8E5FA0B213">Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Claudio Moyano 1, Madrid 28014, Spain. & jlfernandeza @ rjb. csic. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1701 - 480 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED10B2ED51A4CF852DC65E5ECB32FA71" type="email">jlfernandeza@rjb.csic.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="40A5302C46B9475AEF732626A284DA01">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B124DE2AAA5D8735F975996E691DFD08">State Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, Vilnius 08412, Lithuania. & remeikis. andrew @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9310 - 1112</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E5D9C530942CE19F0DE60925D15B8B1" type="email">remeikis.andrew@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8E1F725431D2178BB217C069BA41401F">Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A3AA588A449F7B893CB6F3B90DABC85D">Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, US Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013 - 7012, USA. & alma. solis @ usda. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6379 - 1004</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="99AA282BEB675903222715419814673E" type="email">alma.solis@usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A6AEAA15E7F7930E1B967407DFF57CAF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CE71CA35C0AF9A34BC4991ECB4076B57">
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<mods:date id="5268084BA118F5745B2499244D282167">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9F403B56FFBD48E5FCBF2F048ADDD173">2021-02-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9093EC7B06D24C0973F786635A101390">4926</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EA87FCFFC2FFE8FF19FE54034EFE30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545977" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177420939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545977" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:13111F27-B26F-472E-B3EC-A23954B7A6E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87FCFFC2FFE8FF19FE54034EFE30" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
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<heading id="D0B48186FFC2FFE9FF19FE5405F2FE30" bold="true" box="[151,724,474,501]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF19FE5405F2FE30" bold="true" box="[151,724,474,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FF19FE54054FFE31" authority="Diskus & Stonis" authorityName="Diskus & Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,617,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF19FE5406BEFE30" bold="true" box="[151,408,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Stigmella mentholica</emphasis>
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Diškus & Stonis
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFC2FFE9FDF8FE5505F2FE30" box="[630,724,475,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFC2FFE9FF19FE7104B7FDF8" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF19FE710519FDDF" blockId="2.[151,913,474,573]" box="[151,575,510,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FF11FE7107C1FDDC" box="[159,231,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FF7AFE700640FDDC" box="[244,358,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,187,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-28@8.[161,1426,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 22–31. Adults of new Stigmella species. 22–24, S. aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 25, 26, S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 27, S. tomentosella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 28–30, enlarged right side of S. aromatica, sp. nov.; 31, enlarged right side of S. mentholica, sp. nov. (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">25, 26, 31</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FEFCFE71069CFDDC" box="[370,442,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">32–40</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE48FE710528FDDC" box="[454,526,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–67" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,193,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-28@14.[154,1434,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 63–67. Female genitalia of Stigmella species. 63, 64, S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. genitalia slide no. AD1026 (USNM); 65, 66, S. aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1027 (USNM); 67, S. clinopodiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD651, with apophyses of AD653 (ZMUC)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529343/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">63, 64</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FD94FE710511FDDF" box="[538,567,511,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–70" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,314,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-80@17.[161,1426,309,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 68–70. Predicted host-specific Stigmella distribution from host plant distribution. 68; approximate distribution of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb., including var. mollis, and varieties hybrida Schmidt-Leb. in Colombia and Venezuela, and mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb. in Perú and Bolivia, based on a review by Schmidt-Lebuhn (2008) and data from the herbarium of MA from Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela; 69, approximate distribution of Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth) Govaerts, based on the collection by Epling & Játiva (1964), Harley (1999), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO (Fernández-Alonso & Morales 2013); 70, approximate distribution of Clinopodium axillare (Rusby) Harley, including subspecies C. axillare subsp. axillare and C. axillare subsp. uniflorum (Rusby ex Briq.) J.R.I. Wood, based on Epling & Játiva (1964), Wood (2011), Harley et al. (2014), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529345/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">68</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFE50C3FFFC2FFE9FEF3FDAC04B7FDF8" box="[381,913,546,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">13111F27-B26F-472E-B3EC-A23954B7A6E1</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3596561FFC2FFE9FF19FDE503B7FD34" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF19FDE503B7FD34" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF19FDE50618FD41" bold="true" box="[151,318,618,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54F88848FFC2FFE9FEC3FDE5069CFD40" box="[333,442,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: ♁,
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<collectingCountry id="F354767AFFC2FFE9FE69FDE50555FD40" box="[487,627,619,645]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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: SW of Quito, western slopes of the equatorial Andes, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE77502DFFC2FFE9FE9FFD0106AFFD6C" box="[273,393,655,681]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-0.4461111">0°26’46”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE77502DFFC2FFE9FE19FD010500FD6C" box="[407,550,655,681]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-78.6275">78°37’39”W</geoCoordinate>
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, elevation ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFC2FFE9FD42FD010403FD6C" box="[716,805,655,681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" unit="m" value="3100.0">3100 m</quantity>
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, mining larva on
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FC7EFD010600FD0B" authority="(Kunth) Griseb." authorityName="Griseb." baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
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<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FC7EFD0103C6FD6C" box="[1008,1248,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
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||
(Kunth) Griseb. (Lamiaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="FFFD102AFFC2FFE9FEBEFD3D0682FD08" box="[304,420,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" value="2000-02-24">24.ii.2000</date>
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, ex pupa
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<date id="FFFD102AFFC2FFE9FD82FD3D0543FD08" box="[524,613,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" value="2000-03">iii.2000</date>
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, leg.
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFC2FFE9FD11FD3D0593FD08" box="[671,693,691,717]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">R</collectionCode>
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. Puplesis, genitalia slide no. AD697 (
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<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFC2FFE9FBDCFD3D038FFD08" box="[1106,1193,691,717]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
).
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<typeStatus id="54F88848FFC2FFE9FB35FD3D020AFD08" box="[1211,1324,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: 2 ♁,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D45FD63FFC2FFE9FAE2FD3D02B3FD08" box="[1388,1429,691,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same label data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F88848FFC2FFE9FEE7FD5906E8FD34" box="[361,462,727,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, genitalia slides nos AD688♁, AD1033♁, AD1026
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D45FD63FFC2FFE9FB9FFD590339FD34" box="[1041,1055,727,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED52AE2FFFC2FFE9FBA0FD5903A3FD34" box="[1070,1157,727,753]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFC2FFE8FF49FD740409FE87" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF49FD7406EEFB9F" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49FD740664FCD1" bold="true" box="[199,322,762,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FD34FD750486FCD0" box="[698,928,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FD34FD750486FCD0" box="[698,928,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Stigmella singularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group, designated and characterized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD24B1BFFC2FFE9FF35FC910683FCFC" author="Stonis, J. R. & Diskus, A. & Remeikis, A. & Karsholt, O. & Cumbicus Torres, N." box="[187,421,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref10114" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Karsholt, O. & Cumbicus Torres, N. (2017 a) Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepti- culidae (Lepidoptera) of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia). Zootaxa, 4257 (1), 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4257.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Stonis
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FE87FC91061AFCFC" box="[265,316,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Externally, males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FD12FC910413FCFC" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[668,821,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FD12FC910413FCFC" box="[668,821,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FCB3FC9104BEFCFC" bold="true" box="[829,920,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFC2FFE9FCB3FC9104BEFCFC" box="[829,920,799,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differ from the most similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FB6DFC910255FCFD" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1251,1395,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FB6DFC910255FCFD" box="[1251,1395,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. aromatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FAF5FC9107EEFC98" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFC2FFE9FAF5FC9107EEFC98" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the slender, subapical fascia of the forewing and indistinctive patch of silvery or golden shiny scales on the apex. In the male genitalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FE5EFCE9054FFC44" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[464,617,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FE5EFCE9054FFC44" box="[464,617,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all other known Neotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FBCDFCE9038BFC44" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1802" box="[1091,1197,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FBCDFCE9038BFC44" box="[1091,1197,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Stigmella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FE99FC050681FC60" box="[279,423,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FE99FC050681FC60" box="[279,423,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. singularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, by the combination of a distinctly truncate uncus and very long caudal processes of the gnathos (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FEC4FC210686FC0C" box="[330,416,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Only two other species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FD45FC21047CFC0D" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[715,858,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FD45FC21047CFC0D" box="[715,858,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. aromatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FC1AFC2104D3FC0C" authority="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[916,1013,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FC1AFC2104D3FC0C" box="[916,1013,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FC73FC210375FC0C" bold="true" box="[1021,1107,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2045783FFC2FFE9FC73FC210375FC0C" box="[1021,1107,943,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, feed on the same host plant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FF19FC5D06A3FC28" box="[151,389,979,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF19FC5D06A3FC28" box="[151,389,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but there are significant differences in the morphology of the leaf mine: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FB5AFC5D024AFC28" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1236,1388,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mentholica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FB5AFC5D024AFC28" box="[1236,1388,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. mentholica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the leaf mine is a wide, relatively short gallery (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FDF0FC7905E6FBD4" box="[638,704,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the leaf mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FC40FC79037DFBD5" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[974,1115,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aromatica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FC40FC79037DFBD5" box="[974,1115,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. aromatica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a slender and long gallery, almost fully filled with frass (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE6BFB950511FBF0" box="[485,567,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–11" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[166,1422,189,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[154,1434,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7–11. Bionomics of Stigmella aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 7, 8, host plant Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, Lamiaceae; 9–11, leaf mines, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the leaf mine of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FCBBFB9504B2FBF0" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[821,916,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FCBBFB9504B2FBF0" box="[821,916,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">S. odora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a combination of a very slender gallery and an irregular blotch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FEFBFBB1069CFB9F" box="[373,442,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF49FBED0637FA20" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49FBED0622FBB8" bold="true" box="[199,260,1123,1149]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE9CFBED069AFBB8" box="[274,444,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–31" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,187,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-28@8.[161,1426,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 22–31. Adults of new Stigmella species. 22–24, S. aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 25, 26, S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 27, S. tomentosella Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov.; 28–30, enlarged right side of S. aromatica, sp. nov.; 31, enlarged right side of S. mentholica, sp. nov. (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 25, 26, 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewing length 2.6–3.0 mm; wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFC2FFE9FC1DFBEC033FFBB8" box="[915,1049,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.7" valueMin="5.8">5.8–6.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 3). Head: palpi cream; frontal tuft dark orange; scape golden cream; collar golden cream but at certain angle may look pale grey, metallic glossy; antenna distinctly longer than half the length of forewing; flagellum with 36 segments, dark grey to brown-grey or pale grey, with golden gloss and some purple iridescence. Thorax and tegula golden brown. Forewing pale golden brown, strongly shining, at base with intense purple iridescence; fascia subapical, slender, comprised of silvery or golden shiny scales; apex of forewing brown-purple, with indistinctive patch of silvery or golden shiny scales; fringe grey; underside of forewing black-brown, without spots or androconia, except for slender scaleless spot at base. Hindwing pale grey to dark brown depending from angle of view, without androconia; fringe grey. Legs glossy grey cream; on upper side, covered with grey to brown-black scales with purple iridescence.Abdomen blackish grey to grey-brown on upper side and underside; genital segments pale brown; anal tufts short but distinctive, dark grey to fuscous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF49FA6105C6F9B0" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49FA610638F9CC" bold="true" box="[199,286,1519,1545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Smaller than male; forewing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFC2FFE9FD31FA61046EF9CC" box="[703,840,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="2.3499999999999996" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFC2FFE9FC48FA60036AF9CC" box="[966,1100,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="5.2">5.2–5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 2). Palpi and scape snow white. Frontal tuft pale yellow. Fascia of forewing post median-subapical, glossy white, distinctive. Abdomen fuscous to grey-brown on upper side, ochreous grey to grey-brown on underside; genital segments cream-ochre on underside, ovipositor pointed. Otherwise as in male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF49F9F1024AF8EC" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49F9F10652F95D" bold="true" box="[199,372,1662,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE0BF9F1052CF95C" box="[389,522,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 32–40</figureCitation>
|
||
). Capsule longer (215–220 μm) than wide (195–200 μm). Vinculum with short, pointed lateral lobes. Uncus truncate caudally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FD2CF92D0405F978" box="[674,803,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 33, 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gnathos with two very long, close-set caudal processes and a slender plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FEF9F94906EAF924" box="[375,460,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Valva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FDA3F9490559F924" box="[557,639,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
) 210–215 μm long, 75–80 μm wide, with slender apical process; transtilla with sublateral processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE60F9650549F8C3" box="[494,623,1770,1798]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 35, 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). Juxta membranous, indistinctive. Phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FBD7F9650227F8C0" box="[1113,1281,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 37, 39, 40</figureCitation>
|
||
) 270–335 μm long, 85–90 μm wide; vesica with about 15–16 large spine-like cornuti and some minuscular cornuti (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FA85F8810279F8EC" box="[1291,1375,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[174,1418,192,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[163,1425,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40. Male genitalia of Stigmella mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 32, slide AD697, holotype, capsule with phallus removed; 33, same, tegumen; 34, same, uncus and gnathos; 35, slide AD1033, paratype, left sublateral process of transtilla; 36, slide AD697, holotype, right sublateral process of transtilla; 37, slide AD688, paratype, phallus; 38, slide AD697, holotype, valvae; 39, same, cornuti in torn phallus; 40, slide AD1033, paratype, phallus inside genital capsule (USNM)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529331/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE9FF49F8BD024DF87C" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49F8BD06AAF889" bold="true" box="[199,396,1842,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FE15F8BD0538F88B" box="[411,542,1843,1870]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–67" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,193,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-28@14.[154,1434,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 63–67. Female genitalia of Stigmella species. 63, 64, S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. genitalia slide no. AD1026 (USNM); 65, 66, S. aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1027 (USNM); 67, S. clinopodiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD651, with apophyses of AD653 (ZMUC)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529343/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 63, 64</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length 1070–1080 μm. Anterior apophyses gradually narrowing distally; posterior apophyses very slender, longer than anterior ones, distally bent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FC69F8D9031AF8B7" box="[999,1084,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURES 63–67" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,193,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-28@14.[154,1434,181,1898]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 63–67. Female genitalia of Stigmella species. 63, 64, S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. genitalia slide no. AD1026 (USNM); 65, 66, S. aromatica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1027 (USNM); 67, S. clinopodiella Diškus & Stonis, 2016, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD651, with apophyses of AD653 (ZMUC)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529343/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vestibulum without sclerites. Corpus bursae with a strongly folded distal part and oval-shaped basal part with many indistinctive pectinations. Accessory sac very small, indistinctive; ductus spermathecae without coils, but with a small, tube-like vesicle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC2FFE8FF49F84C0409FE87" blockId="2.[151,1437,618,2014]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FF49F84C0665F819" bold="true" box="[199,323,1986,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Bionomics</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FEDDF84D069FF818" box="[339,441,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Host plant is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FDEBF84D0330F818" authority="(Benth.) Griseb." authorityName="Griseb." baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[613,1046,1987,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC2FFE9FDEBF84D0472F818" box="[613,852,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
|
||
(Benth.) Griseb.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FBAFF84D03B9F818" box="[1057,1183,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC2FFE9FB24F84D023EF818" authorityName="Stonis & Diškus & Fernández-Alonso & Remeikis & Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1194,1304,1987,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="365" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Mentheae">Mentheae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC2FFE9FAA6F84D02A9F818" box="[1320,1423,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="365">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larva pale green with brown-green intestine and pale brown head; feeds in February and probably in late January (note that in late February some leaf mines are already vacant). Prefer open, sunny areas. Leaf mine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC3FFE8FA91FF350245FF10" box="[1311,1379,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,190,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-28@4.[164,1423,179,1879]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bionomics of new Stigmella species feeding on Lamiaceae plants. 1, 2, Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb var. mollis, a host plant; 3, leaf mine of S. mentholica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Minthostachys mollis, Ecuador, SW of Quito, Via Aloag to Sto. Domingo, ca. 3100 m; 4–6, leaf mines of S. odora Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on M. mollis, Ecuador, Baños, slopes of Tungurahua, ca.1860 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529321/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a wide, sinuous, gradually widening gallery (easy to spot because the generally whitish appearance); at the beginning, with an interrupted line of brown-black frass, further on, with a wide margin, unfilled with the frass. Cocoon brown. Adults probably fly in March (indoors, emerged in March).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFC3FFE8FF49FEC406D1FE6B" pageId="3" pageNumber="366" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC3FFE8FF49FEC406D1FE6B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC3FFE8FF49FEC4067FFEA1" bold="true" box="[199,345,330,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A6FFFC3FFE8FEE4FEC506E6FEA3" box="[362,448,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURES 68–70" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1466,1490]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,314,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-80@17.[161,1426,309,1443]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 68–70. Predicted host-specific Stigmella distribution from host plant distribution. 68; approximate distribution of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb., including var. mollis, and varieties hybrida Schmidt-Leb. in Colombia and Venezuela, and mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb. in Perú and Bolivia, based on a review by Schmidt-Lebuhn (2008) and data from the herbarium of MA from Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela; 69, approximate distribution of Clinopodium tomentosum (Kunth) Govaerts, based on the collection by Epling & Játiva (1964), Harley (1999), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO (Fernández-Alonso & Morales 2013); 70, approximate distribution of Clinopodium axillare (Rusby) Harley, including subspecies C. axillare subsp. axillare and C. axillare subsp. uniflorum (Rusby ex Briq.) J.R.I. Wood, based on Epling & Játiva (1964), Wood (2011), Harley et al. (2014), and data from the herbariums of MA and MO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529345/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species is known from a single locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F354767AFFC3FFE8FC7FFEC50376FEA0" box="[1009,1104,331,357]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on the western slopes of the equatorial Andes, at elevation of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B0FFFC3FFE8FDB9FEE105B6FE4C" box="[567,656,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="366" unit="m" value="3100.0">3100 m</quantity>
|
||
, but the host plant has a much wider distribution in the northern and central Andes (see Discussion).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3596561FFC3FFE8FF49FE39034EFE30" pageId="3" pageNumber="366" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36EAFFC3FFE8FF49FE39034EFE30" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC3FFE8FF49FE390668FE14" bold="true" box="[199,334,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name is derived from
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC3FFE8FD54FE390412FE14" box="[730,820,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">menthol</emphasis>
|
||
, one of the principal components of essential oil of its host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D69FFC3FFE8FE9DFE550527FE30" box="[275,513,475,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Minthostachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="366" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EAF8FFC3FFE8FE9DFE550527FE30" box="[275,513,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="366">Minthostachys mollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in reference to the strong mint smell of its leaf mines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |