445 lines
50 KiB
XML
445 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="7AADE827CD681C415C5A1B6D47ACCE03" ID-CLB-Dataset="21213" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2016.1193646" ID-GBIF-Dataset="53f7be60-8915-4efc-93a7-896b2b377820" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3992998" ID-ZooBank="487327C0-129D-4696-864A-D87CA6DA243E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597930948576" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Farache, Fernando H. A., Rasplus, Jean-Yves, Azar, Dany, Pereira, Rodrigo A. S. & Compton, Stephen G." docDate="2016" docId="03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.35-36.2237-2247.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1193646" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Agaonidae Walker 1846" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="2244" masterDocId="FFDE375127737C35FFE98821FF8CFFF8" masterDocTitle="First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs" masterLastPageNumber="2247" masterPageNumber="2237" pageNumber="2240" updateTime="1698844884145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1E4C7CE9E8B1613D3FA919BA6884F6A4">First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BF5A3C260B41E9980247EE1F0BC10E6C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DC8053D4FB69E7FCB56711FD2698C117">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BDD6969C9CC0DA639FBF52D1C3A8959E">Farache, Fernando H. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="35F692F9DD0C633DD2271BA5B232E642">PPG em Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CFCA57213CC9E4E603B20FCA94CEB99E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="419780DCA4EDB134EBC7E9381B9AFA71">Rasplus, Jean-Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CBACE6F8CFE509CBF66FD35E080A9908">INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="052394E3728A9657C632D7A1B4E2997C">Azar, Dany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="096DF12796FBA5969D6A3B8358B774A2">Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Fanar Matn, Lebanon;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7F3884F1C026FBA924301229780F3335">Pereira, Rodrigo A. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D5D0E3A2F55716D1B68CBDDAC54ECC3">PPG em Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A01382947DDF1AC3BA04DB4E79138264">Compton, Stephen G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C905ABC61ADF3C25E8A4CEE0083396A9">School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; & Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="7A19C29729F950F472ADA565636D0D47">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7E0B7D2C0722E19884610E095BFD8B63">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0D6620D19EBD2CA71DD9BDD01514038E">2016-05-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7A562600382FBF2323DF7ABDCE34697C">50</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4323931" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167288221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4323931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2244" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">
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<subSubSection id="C354ADB427707C36FE218DF7FCD7FA17" box="[456,859,1494,1519]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" type="nomenclature">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27707C36FDF78DF7FCD7FA17" ID-CoL="64C" ID-ENA="75187" authority="Walker, 1846" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[542,859,1494,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27707C36FDF78DF7FD36FA17" bold="true" box="[542,698,1494,1519]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">AGAONIDAE</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF83CE27707C36FD2A8DF7FCD7FA17" author="Walker F" box="[707,859,1494,1519]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" refId="ref6017" refString="Walker F. 1846. List of the specimens of Hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1 Chalcidites. London: Kessinger Publishing." type="book" year="1846">Walker, 1846</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C354ADB427707C36FE748DD8FD4EF965" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27707C36FE748DD8FBAEF982" blockId="3.[257,1058,1390,1693]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27707C36FDF38DD8FC0AF9EA" authority="Walker, 1875" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1875" box="[538,902,1529,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sycophaginae">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27707C36FDF38DD8FD68F9EA" bold="true" box="[538,740,1529,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">SYCOPHAGINAE</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF83CE27707C36FD078DD8FC0AF9EA" author="Walker F" box="[750,902,1529,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" pagination="15 - 18" refId="ref6046" refString="Walker F. 1875. Descriptions of new genera and species of parasites, belonging to the families Proctotrupidae and Chalcididae, which attack insects destructive to the fig in India. Entomologist. 8: 15 - 18." type="journal article" year="1875">Walker, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27707C36FDFA8E3BFC83F9CD" ID-CoL="53GW" authority="Walker, 1843" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[531,783,1562,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27707C36FDFA8E3BFDE2F9CC" bold="true" box="[531,622,1562,1588]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" reason="3">Idarnes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF83CE27707C36FD9E8E3DFC83F9CD" author="Walker F" box="[631,783,1564,1589]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" pagination="46 - 49" refId="ref5983" refString="Walker F. 1843. Descriptions of Chalcidites discovered in St. Vincent ' s Isle by the Rev. Lansdown Guilding. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 12: 46 - 49." type="journal article" year="1843">Walker, 1843</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27707C36FEEC8E1CFC39F9AF" authority="Farache, Rasplus, Pereira and Compton" authorityName="Farache, Rasplus, Pereira and Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[261,949,1597,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27707C36FEEC8E1CFE5AF9AF" bold="true" box="[261,470,1597,1623]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" reason="3">Idarnes thanatos</emphasis>
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Farache, Rasplus, Pereira and Compton
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627707C36FC288E1FFB92F9AF" box="[961,1054,1598,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27707C36FD898EA5FD4EF965" blockId="3.[257,1058,1390,1693]" box="[608,706,1668,1693]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">
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<figureCitation id="1375E2BA27707C36FD898EA5FD4EF965" box="[608,706,1668,1693]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1288,1311]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1257]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[163,1153,142,1257]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Idarnes thanatos sp. nov. female. (a) habitus in lateral view; (b) antenna; (c) detail of antenna; (d) mesosoma in dorsal view; (e) detail of profemur and protibia; (f) wings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993000" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3993000/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2240">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF31AEB727777C31FF498D29FC79FAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3993000" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3993000/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" startId="4.[160,225,1288,1311]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1257]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27777C31FF498D29FC79FAC5" blockId="4.[160,1156,1287,1341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FF498D29FF73FAE7" bold="true" box="[160,255,1288,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27777C31FEEE8D26FE21FAE6" authority="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton, 2016" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[263,429,1287,1310]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FEEE8D26FE21FAE6" box="[263,429,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">Idarnes thanatos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627777C31FE518D29FD85FAE7" box="[440,521,1288,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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female. (a) habitus in lateral view; (b) antenna; (c) detail of antenna; (d) mesosoma in dorsal view; (e) detail of profemur and protibia; (f) wings.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C354ADB427777C31FF498D54FE4DFA2C" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27777C31FF498D54FE06FA77" blockId="4.[160,1155,1397,1492]" box="[160,394,1397,1423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">
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<heading id="D0B9495327777C31FF498D54FE06FA77" box="[160,394,1397,1423]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FF498D54FE06FA77" bold="true" box="[160,394,1397,1423]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" reason="3">Derivation of name</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27777C31FF498DBBFE4DFA2C" blockId="4.[160,1155,1397,1492]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">
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The specific name is derived from the Greek
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FD728DB8FD2CFA49" box="[667,672,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">‘</emphasis>
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θάνατος
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FD148DB8FC8EFA49" box="[765,770,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">’</emphasis>
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, the god of death, in reference to it being an extinct taxon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354ADB427777C31FF498E34FF6CF942" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27777C31FF498E34FE98F9D7" blockId="4.[160,1156,1557,1722]" box="[160,276,1557,1583]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">
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||
<heading id="D0B9495327777C31FF498E34FE98F9D7" box="[160,276,1557,1583]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" reason="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27777C31FF498E34FE98F9D7" bold="true" box="[160,276,1557,1583]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241" reason="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27777C31FF498E1BFF6CF942" blockId="4.[160,1156,1557,1722]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2241">Body colour mostly black, with faint metallic reflection. Antenna with two anelli. Supraclypeal area wider than torulus diameter. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum reticulate. Postmarginal vein 1.2× as long as stigmal vein. Ovipositor sheaths 1.1× as long as body.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354ADB427767C30FF4988ACFE7AFB10" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF4988ACFEAAFF5F" blockId="5.[160,1156,141,340]" box="[160,294,141,167]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
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<heading id="D0B9495327767C30FF4988ACFEAAFF5F" box="[160,294,141,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF4988ACFEAAFF5F" bold="true" box="[160,294,141,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Description</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498891FE2CFEAC" blockId="5.[160,1156,141,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
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<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498891FEE6FF32" bold="true" box="[160,362,176,202]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Size and colour.</emphasis>
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Body length (excluding ovipositor)
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<quantity id="4CB653DA27767C30FCC88893FCF3FF32" box="[801,895,178,202]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
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. Length of ovipositor sheaths
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<quantity id="4CB653DA27767C30FEE988F5FED6FF14" box="[256,346,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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. Body colour mostly black, with faint metallic reflection, mostly green and orange, at least on mesosoma in dorsal view. Antennae dark brown. Legs yellow brown. Wings hyaline, submarginal vein dark brown, marginal, postmarginal, and stigmal veins light brown.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF4989B4FBBCFDA4" blockId="5.[160,1156,405,604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF4989B4FF68FE57" bold="true" box="[160,228,405,431]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Antenna with 13 antennomeres including two anelli; antennal formula 11263. Scape 1.4× as long as pedicel. Funicular segments 1.0
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FCE18998FC99FE29" box="[776,789,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.4× as long as wide. Clava well delimited, with three laterally compressed flagellomeres (compression probably related to
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF2B89DEFEDCFDEF" box="[194,336,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">post mortem</emphasis>
|
||
alteration). Antennae inserted just above the lower line of compound eyes. Head transverse, 1.3× as wide as high. Head sculpture reticulated, at least close to vertex. Supraclypeal area wider than torulus diameter. Clypeal margin unilobed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498ABDFD45FC9B" blockId="5.[160,1156,668,867]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498ABDFEA9FD4E" bold="true" box="[160,293,668,694]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum longer than high in lateral view. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum reticulate. Notauli complete. Mesoscutellar
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD2C8AE1FD5EFD20" box="[709,722,704,728]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">–</emphasis>
|
||
axillar complex with straight axillular grooves and transverse frenal sulcus, delimitating a square mesoscutellum. Mesoscutellum 1.1× as long as wide. Propodeum length 3.5× propodeal spiracle diameter. Postmarginal vein 1.2× as long as stigmal vein. Protibia with a bifurcated tibial inner spur. Metatibia with two tibial inner spurs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498B85FD64FBFB" blockId="5.[160,1156,932,1027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498B85FEAFFC46" bold="true" box="[160,291,932,958]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Suboval. Ovipositor sheaths 1.1× as long as body. Ovipositor teeth concentrated at the distal extremity of ovipositor. Teeth heterogeneously distributed and of variable length, shorter at the tip of the ovipositor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498C62FE7AFB10" blockId="5.[160,1156,1091,1256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498C62FE17FBA5" bold="true" box="[160,411,1091,1117]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Measurements (mm).</emphasis>
|
||
Head:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE1D8C64FD8CFBA5" box="[500,512,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FDE18C64FDD9FBA5" box="[520,597,1093,1117]" degrees="0.13" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.13">
|
||
0.13
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FDD68C64FDD9FBA5" box="[575,597,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.28
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD7C8C64FD2AFBA5" box="[661,678,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">H</emphasis>
|
||
0.22; Mesosoma
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FC858C64FCF4FBA5" box="[876,888,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.47; Metasoma
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FBD28C64FBCBFBA5" box="[1083,1095,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.51. Scape
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF038C49FF7AFB78" box="[234,246,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.17; Pedicel
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE788C49FE11FB78" box="[401,413,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.05; F1
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE178C49FD86FB78" box="[510,522,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FDF88C49FDD1FB78" box="[529,605,1128,1152]" degrees="0.03" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.03">
|
||
0.03
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FDAE8C49FDD1FB78" box="[583,605,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.03; F2
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD518C53FD4EFB7A" box="[696,706,1138,1154]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">–</emphasis>
|
||
6
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD3D8C49FD6CFB78" box="[724,736,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FD0E8C49FCBFFB78" box="[743,819,1128,1152]" degrees="0.04" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.04">
|
||
0.04
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FCF48C49FCBFFB78" box="[797,819,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.03; Clava
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FC538C49FC4AFB78" box="[954,966,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FC248C49FB95FB78" box="[973,1049,1128,1152]" degrees="0.11" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.11">
|
||
0.11
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FBEA8C49FB95FB78" box="[1027,1049,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.05; Eye
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498CABFF20FB5A" box="[160,172,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.18
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF058CABFF71FB5A" box="[236,253,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">H</emphasis>
|
||
0.22; Profemur
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE5D8CABFE4CFB5A" box="[436,448,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FE208CABFD85FB5A" box="[457,521,1162,1186]" degrees="0.2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="5555" value="-0.2">
|
||
0.2
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE1A8CABFD85FB5A" box="[499,521,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.05; Protibia
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD468CABFD37FB5A" box="[687,699,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FD2D8CABFC9DFB5A" box="[708,785,1162,1186]" degrees="0.15" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.15">
|
||
0.15
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD128CABFC9DFB5A" box="[763,785,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.03; Protibial inner spur
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FBD38CABFBCAFB5A" box="[1082,1094,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.05; Metafemur
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FEC08C8CFEB9FB3D" box="[297,309,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FEAB8C8CFE19FB3D" box="[322,405,1197,1221]" degrees="0.18" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.18">
|
||
0.18
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE968C8CFE19FB3D" box="[383,405,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.05; Metatibia
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FDB28C8CFDEBFB3D" box="[603,615,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A98F827767C30FD9C8C8CFD4BFB3D" box="[629,711,1197,1221]" degrees="0.17" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" precision="555" value="-0.17">
|
||
0.17
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FD588C8CFD4BFB3D" box="[689,711,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">W</emphasis>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
0.03; Metatibial inner spur 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FBDF8C8CFBCEFB3D" box="[1078,1090,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.04; Metatibial inner spur 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE458CF1FE34FB10" box="[428,440,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">L</emphasis>
|
||
0.03.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354ADB427767C30FF498D09FDF2F947" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498D09FE8AFABA" blockId="5.[160,1156,1320,1727]" box="[160,262,1320,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
<heading id="D0B9495327767C30FF498D09FE8AFABA" box="[160,262,1320,1346]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FF498D09FE8AFABA" bold="true" box="[160,262,1320,1346]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" reason="3">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27767C30FF498D6CFDF2F947" blockId="5.[160,1156,1320,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">
|
||
The (unnamed) specimen was used previously in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF83CE27767C30FD218D6CFC3CFA9D" author="Cruaud A & Jabbour-Zahab R & Genson G & Couloux A & Peng Y-Q & Rong YD & Ubaidillah R & Pereira RAS & Kjellberg F & van Noort S" box="[712,944,1357,1381]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" pagination="209 - 225" refId="ref4848" refString="Cruaud A, Jabbour-Zahab R, Genson G, Couloux A, Peng Y-Q, Rong YD, Ubaidillah R, Pereira RAS, Kjellberg F, van Noort S, et al. 2011 a. Out of Australia and back again: the world-wide historical biogeography of non-pollinating fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae). J Biogeogr. 38: 209 - 225." type="journal article" year="2011">Cruaud et al. (2011a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for calibration of a molecular clock analysis.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27767C30FE528D4EFDFEFA7F" authority="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton, 2016" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[443,626,1391,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FE528D4EFDFEFA7F" box="[443,626,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">Idarnes thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627767C30FD908D4EFD5CFA7F" box="[633,720,1391,1415]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27767C30FC6B8D4EFC55FA7F" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[898,985,1391,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FC6B8D4EFC55FA7F" box="[898,985,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">I. carme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group, based on the following characters: (1) postmarginal vein longer than stigmal vein, (2) ovipositor longer than body, (3) clypeal margin unilobed, (4) head sculpturation heterogeneous (but visualization of this character was difficult due to the preservation of the fossil), and (5) ovipositor teeth concentrated at the distal extremity of the ovipositor, with a heterogeneous distribution and of variable length. We are confident that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27767C30FB9E8E3CFE8DF9AF" authority="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton, 2016" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FB9E8E3CFE8DF9AF" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">I. thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627767C30FEE38E1EFEEFF9AF" box="[266,355,1599,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
does not belong to any known extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27767C30FCCE8E1EFCFAF9AF" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[807,886,1599,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FCCE8E1EFCFAF9AF" box="[807,886,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">Idarnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. This putatively extinct species can be easily distinguished from other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27767C30FC658E43FBA7F982" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[908,1067,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27767C30FC658E43FBA7F982" box="[908,1067,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2242">Idarnes carme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. gp species by a combination of characters: (1) the presence of two anelli (rather than one) and (2) its relatively short ovipositor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C354ADB427757C32FF4988ACFD7CFE44" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2244" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26F46227757C33FF4988ACFEEDFE8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2846787301" collectionCode="MZSP" country="Brazil" county="Universidade" municipality="Museu de Zoologia" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF4988ACFE87FF5F" blockId="6.[160,1156,141,375]" box="[160,267,141,167]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<heading id="D0B9495327757C33FF4988ACFE87FF5F" box="[160,267,141,167]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FF4988ACFE87FF5F" bold="true" box="[160,267,141,167]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" reason="3">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5409D27757C33FF4988ACFE87FF5F" box="[160,267,141,167]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF498893FEEDFE8F" blockId="6.[160,1156,141,375]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
Female,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F66FA27757C33FEEB8893FEC8FF32" box="[258,324,178,202]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" type="Museum">MZSP</collectionCode>
|
||
, amber from the Dominican Republic. The specimen occurs in a small, clear piece of amber measuring
|
||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27757C33FDF488F5FDF8FF14" box="[541,628,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27757C33FD1088F5FCDDFF14" box="[761,849,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27757C33FBE288F5FBEFFF14" box="[1035,1123,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width (thickness).
|
||
<location id="8E91A8E427757C33FE9B88D6FE17FEF7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44:8E91A8E427757C33FE9B88D6FE17FEF7" box="[370,411,247,271]" country="Brazil" county="Universidade" municipality="Museu de Zoologia" name="The" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">The</location>
|
||
amber piece is attached to a glass holder and mounted on an entomological pin to facilitate handling and image acquisition.
|
||
<location id="8E91A8E427757C33FC9F893BFC13FECA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E74F2927707C32FE218DF7FD7CFE44:8E91A8E427757C33FC9F893BFC13FECA" box="[886,927,282,306]" country="Brazil" county="Universidade" municipality="Museu de Zoologia" name="The" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">The</location>
|
||
specimen is deposited in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27757C33FECA891DFE31FEAC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[291,445,316,340]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
collection at
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95644527757C33FDB4891DFCB2FEAC" box="[605,830,316,340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Museu de Zoologia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="629086B327757C33FCA3891DFC50FEAC" box="[842,988,316,340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Universidade</collectingCounty>
|
||
de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A30DD27757C33FBE5891DFB0CFEAC" box="[1036,1152,316,340]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A30DD27757C33FF49897EFE9EFE8F" box="[160,274,351,375]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359BEAF27757C33FEF7897EFED1FE8F" box="[286,349,351,375]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF4989EAFE6FFE1D" blockId="6.[160,483,459,485]" box="[160,483,459,485]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<heading id="D0B9495327757C33FF4989EAFE6FFE1D" box="[160,483,459,485]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FF4989EAFE6FFE1D" bold="true" box="[160,483,459,485]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" reason="3">Estimation of host fig size</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF498A20FB0FFD79" blockId="6.[160,1155,513,641]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
Body characters and fig diameter across extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27757C33FD3E8A20FCAAFDE1" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[727,806,513,537]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FD3E8A20FCAAFDE1" box="[727,806,513,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Idarnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and their hosts were positively correlated (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F66FA27757C33FE7D8A05FE28FDC4" box="[404,420,548,572]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">R</collectionCode>
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||
2 = 0.68
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FE178A05FD87FDC4" box="[510,523,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">–</emphasis>
|
||
0.76,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FDA08A05FDDBFDC4" box="[585,599,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">p</emphasis>
|
||
≤ 10−8,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CCCB8427757C33FD518A05FC80FDC4" box="[696,780,548,572]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[240,296,700,723]" captionText="Table 1. Models used to explain fig wasp characters as a function of fig diameter (N = 31 pairs of species)." pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). This pattern was also observed when we used maximum fig size instead of median fig sizes, which confirmed the robustness of the median as a measure of size. Ovipositor sheath length was the body
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF31AEB727757C33FF198A9DFE61FD08" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF198A9DFE61FD08" blockId="6.[240,1075,699,864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FF198A9DFEC8FD2B" bold="true" box="[240,324,700,723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Models used to explain fig wasp characters as a function of fig diameter (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FF1E8AF9FE8AFD17" box="[247,262,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 31 pairs of species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF128ADCFBA5FCAD" blockId="6.[240,1075,699,864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
Model Slope
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F66FA27757C33FCF88ADCFC90FCE8" box="[785,796,765,784]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">R</collectionCode>
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<quantity id="4CB653DA27757C33FCF58AD9FCF6FCE8" box="[796,890,760,784]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" unit="t" value="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FC9D8ADDFCF6FCE8" box="[884,890,764,784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">t</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
value Prob. Ovipositor sheath length ~ fig size 2.9 ± 0.3 0.76 9.69 <10−9 Body length ~ fig size 0.5 ± 0.06 0.69 8.28 <10−8 Ovipositor/body ~ fig size 1.3 ± 0.15 0.70 8.43 <10−8
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF31AEB727757C33FF498E71FC77F947" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3993002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3993002/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" startId="6.[160,225,1616,1639]" targetBox="[189,1138,961,1584]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27757C33FF498E71FC77F947" blockId="6.[160,1156,1615,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FF498E71FF76F99F" bold="true" box="[160,250,1616,1639]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Linear regression between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27757C33FDE48E6EFD18F99E" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[525,660,1615,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carme">
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||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FDE48E6EFD18F99E" box="[525,660,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">Idarnes carme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. gp ovipositor sheath lengths and median host fig diameters. Lines represent fitted model (red) and fig diameter ±95% CI (blue) for a 1.2 mm ovipositor sheath length, which represents the ovipositor sheath length of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27757C33FC788EABFC74F959" authority="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton, 2016" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[913,1016,1674,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27757C33FC788EABFC74F959" box="[913,1016,1674,1697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243">I. thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627757C33FBE98EAAFBC3F95A" box="[1024,1103,1675,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2243" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Each point represents a different fig wasp species and the fig diameter of its host species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1FE3F27747C32FF4988AFFD7CFE44" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,444]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
character best explained by fig diameter (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CCCB8427747C32FD9688AFFD5EFF5E" box="[639,722,142,166]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[240,296,700,723]" captionText="Table 1. Models used to explain fig wasp characters as a function of fig diameter (N = 31 pairs of species)." pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375E2BA27747C32FD0988AFFCB2FF5E" box="[736,830,142,166]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionTargetBox="[189,1138,961,1584]" captionTargetId="graphics@6.[250,1137,962,1519]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Linear regression between Idarnes carme sp. gp ovipositor sheath lengths and median host fig diameters. Lines represent fitted model (red) and fig diameter ±95% CI (blue) for a 1.2 mm ovipositor sheath length, which represents the ovipositor sheath length of I. thanatos sp. nov. Each point represents a different fig wasp species and the fig diameter of its host species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3993002/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fitted value of median fig diameter for the ovipositor sheath length of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FD208890FCB3FF31" authority="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton, 2016" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[713,831,177,201]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FD208890FCB3FF31" box="[713,831,177,201]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">I. thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2099F5627747C32FCA18890FC2DFF31" box="[840,929,177,201]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F66FA27747C32FC478890FC43FF31" box="[942,975,177,201]" country="Czech Republic" name="Palacký University" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" type="Herbarium">OL</collectionCode>
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||
=
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||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27747C32FC188890FBC4FF31" box="[1009,1096,177,201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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||
) was
|
||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27747C32FF4988F5FF76FF14" box="[160,250,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" unit="cm" value="0.61">0.61 cm</quantity>
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(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F66FA27747C32FEE388F5FEADFF14" box="[266,289,212,236]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15344" name="Carnegie Institution of Washington" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" type="Herbarium">CI</collectionCode>
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95% =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB653DA27747C32FE8388F5FD8DFF14" box="[362,513,211,236]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="10.1" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" unit="cm" value="0.615" valueMax="1.01" valueMin="0.22">
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0.22
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FE7188F2FE29FF13" box="[408,421,211,235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.01 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375E2BA27747C32FDF088F5FDF4FF14" box="[537,632,212,236]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionTargetBox="[189,1138,961,1584]" captionTargetId="graphics@6.[250,1137,962,1519]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Linear regression between Idarnes carme sp. gp ovipositor sheath lengths and median host fig diameters. Lines represent fitted model (red) and fig diameter ±95% CI (blue) for a 1.2 mm ovipositor sheath length, which represents the ovipositor sheath length of I. thanatos sp. nov. Each point represents a different fig wasp species and the fig diameter of its host species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3993002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3993002/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Among the 31 studied fig wasp species, 20 occurred in figs with the same diameter range as the 95% CI calculated for the diameter of the putative host of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FE548938FDBAFEC9" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[445,566,281,305]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FE548938FDBAFEC9" box="[445,566,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">I. thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and comprised the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FCDA8938FC64FEC9" box="[819,1000,281,305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FCDA8938FC64FEC9" box="[819,1000,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">Ficus americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FBC58938FB0FFEC9" box="[1068,1155,281,305]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FBC58938FB0FFEC9" box="[1068,1155,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">F aurea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complexes, some varieties of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FDC2891DFD15FEAC" box="[555,665,316,340]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="pertusa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FDC2891DFD15FEAC" box="[555,665,316,340]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">F. pertusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FCFC891DFE79FE8E" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FCFC891DFC07FEAC" box="[789,907,316,340]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="citrifolia">F. citrifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FC72891DFBADFEAC" box="[923,1057,316,340]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="cestrifolia">F. cestrifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FBD9891DFF6AFE8E" authorityName="Standl" authorityYear="1917" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="colubrinae">F. colubrinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FF1E897FFED3FE8E" box="[247,351,350,374]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="eximia">F. eximia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FE99897FFE79FE8E" box="[368,501,350,374]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="hartwegii">F. hartwegii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FDD3897FFD29FE8E" authorityName="C.C.Berg, Emygdio & Carauta" authorityYear="1999" box="[570,677,350,374]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FDD3897FFD29FE8E" box="[570,677,350,374]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">F. mariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. More specifically, the body length and ovipositor sheath length of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FE0689A0FDE5FE61" authorityName="Farache & Rasplus & Azar & Pereira & Compton" authorityYear="2016" box="[495,617,385,409]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thanatos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FE0689A0FDE5FE61" box="[495,617,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">I. thanatos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to those of three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FC3F89A0FBA9FE61" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1843" box="[982,1061,385,409]" class="Insecta" family="Agaonidae" genus="Idarnes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FC3F89A0FBA9FE61" box="[982,1061,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">Idarnes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species currently associated with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E85BC27747C32FE1B8985FD0CFE44" box="[498,640,420,444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A222D27747C32FE1B8985FD0CFE44" box="[498,640,420,444]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2244">F. americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |