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<document id="125EE5C0C7639F6C26C0B6783A698927" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10832895" ID-ISSN="0073-134X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10832895" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1689682805684" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Matsunaga, Janis N., Howarth, Francis G. &amp; Kumashiro, Bernarr R." docDate="2019" docId="03B8CF300541DD2D1B251279FF67F863" docLanguage="en" docName="PHawaiiEntomolSoc.51.1.1-71.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 51 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B73DF990DA37BDA89BB580D5C65BADE.1:PHawaiiEntomolSoc.2012-.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="8B73DF990DA37BDA89BB580D5C65BADE" docStyleName="PHawaiiEntomolSoc.2012-.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FF81B7480546DD2A1B45113CFFB0FFC0" masterDocTitle="New State Records and Additions to the Alien Terrestrial Arthropod Fauna in the Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1710777416961" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B8F89C82E37EE4171261C8292336D277">New State Records and Additions to the Alien Terrestrial Arthropod Fauna in the Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93DB5F7A28EEFEB4ADC2D38387C91A9C">Matsunaga, Janis N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7982C2A766BAA6FB9DA67F09B683035E">Howarth, Francis G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="11C8518F905EA3460A3D98103BE16031">Kumashiro, Bernarr R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0D7A997716ED80CDFE4FC3D0FA7D0062">Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8A6181C14CB335CB6A89D2C51C3B9A83">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EBE58F5C0A79D0F93172DF892052C7C7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B9038B3208119385330CF3D1F826928D">51</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="868E1425C27960724922BF1C5CF96F84" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10832895</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="129EA6D948C9BC1B294249BE55D95BAA" type="ISSN">0073-134X</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B8CF300541DD2D1B251279FF67F863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8159834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8159834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8CF300541DD2D1B251279FF67F863" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8CF300541DD2D1B251279FF67F863" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="C30B2DAD0541DD2D1B251279FE22FC42" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B251279FDFFFC9F" blockId="7.[96,591,837,864]" box="[96,591,837,864]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D0E6C94A0541DD2D1B251279FDFFFC9F" bold="true" box="[96,591,837,864]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1B251279FDFFFC9F" ID-CoL="4QHG9" ID-ENA="1285766" authority="(Vallot)" baseAuthorityName="Vallot" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[96,591,837,864]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinariella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesembryanthemi">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B251279FDFFFC9F" bold="true" box="[96,591,837,864]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B251279FE5AFCA0" bold="true" box="[96,490,837,864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi</emphasis>
(Vallot)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B251255FE22FC42" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" box="[96,402,872,899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B251255FE22FC42" bold="true" box="[96,402,872,899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">NEW STATE RECORD</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B2DAD0541DD2D1B3D12B0FF67F863" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B3D12B0FD42FA19" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Heavily infested samples of what was called “akulikuli” by the collector, were brought to the attention of UH-CTAHR, and further handed on to HDOA for identification. A tentative identification and further confirmation by G.A. Evans concluded that this was the ice plant scale,
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D19161524FEC8FB97" authority="(Vallot)" baseAuthorityName="Vallot" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinariella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesembryanthemi">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D19161524FEA4FB96" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi</emphasis>
(Vallot)
</taxonomicName>
. After some confusion of the initial plant from which it was collected, it was discovered that the host was actually
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1A6C15BEFDA6FB5C" box="[297,534,1154,1180]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Lampranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1A6C15BEFDA6FB5C" box="[297,534,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lampranthus roseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mini ice plant, and not one of the native akulikuli species (
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1AAE159AFCA1FB7F" box="[491,785,1189,1216]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1AAE159AFCA1FB7F" box="[491,785,1189,1216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sesuvium portulacastrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Within several months, Maui and Oahu infestations were also detected, suggesting that
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1A3315D0FDD4FAC6" baseAuthorityName="Vallot" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[374,612,1260,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinariella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesembryanthemi">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1A3315D0FDD4FAC6" box="[374,612,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. mesembryanthemi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been present in
<collectingRegion id="49D5B0C40541DD2D1B381433FF60FAE9" box="[125,208,1295,1321]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
for some time. Interestingly, an infestation detected in Kona was found in the Kona International Airport’s landscaping, while the Oahu infestation was also found near the
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1B251444FE79FA52" authority="International Airport" authorityName="International Airport" box="[96,457,1400,1426]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Cyperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="honolulu">Honolulu International Airport</taxonomicName>
, in the Mapunapuna roadside landscaped areas. It is highly likely that the iceplant scale was spread via nursery stock used for these landscaped areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B3D14DEFE82F96C" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Recorded host plants of the ice plant scale include
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D19AC14DEFEBAF9E0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D19AC14DEFF7CF9DF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Carpobrotus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1A5E1739FE65F9E0" box="[283,469,1541,1568]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Disphyma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1A5E1739FE27F9DF" box="[283,407,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Disphyma</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1AA01739FF5AF983" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Mesembryanthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1AA01739FD54F9DF" box="[485,740,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mesembryanthemum</emphasis>
spp. (Aizoaceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1BB61714FE0EF982" box="[243,446,1576,1602]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vesicaria">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1BB61714FE0EF982" box="[243,446,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Atriplex vesicaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1AB41714FF6DF9A7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Lampranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1AB41714FD3CF982" box="[497,652,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lampranthus</emphasis>
spp. (Chenopodiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1BAC1770FDA6F9A7" authority="Morales et al. 2016" authorityName="Morales" authorityYear="2016" box="[233,534,1612,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Garcia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8003D70541DD2D1BAC1770FDA6F9A7" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; B. D. Denno &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; G. L. Miller &amp; Y. Ben-Dov &amp; N. B. Hardy" box="[233,534,1612,1639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref20691" refString="Garcia Morales M., B. D. Denno, D. R. Miller, G. L. Miller, Y. Ben-Dov, N. B. Hardy. 2016. ScaleNet: A literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. [Online Database]. [Accessed 22 September 2018]. doi: 10.1093 / database / bav 118. Available from: http: // scalenet. info." type="book" year="2016">García Morales et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). In addition, according to
<bibRefCitation id="EF8003D70541DD2D1B391753FECFF949" author="Qin, T. K. &amp; P. J. Gullan" box="[124,383,1647,1673]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="103 - 164" refId="ref27649" refString="Qin, T. K., and P. J. Gullan. 1992. A revision of the Australian pulvinariine soft scales (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccidae). J. Nat. Hist. 26: 103 - 164." type="journal article" year="1992">Qin and Gullan (1992)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1ACC1753FDECF949" box="[393,604,1647,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1ACC1753FDECF949" box="[393,604,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. portulacastrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a possible host plant in
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1B8517AEFE9FF96C" box="[192,303,1682,1708]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Australia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Australia</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B3D1789FC90F932" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B3D1789FED4F90F" bold="true" box="[120,356,1717,1743]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Collection records:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B79747B0541DD2D1A291789FD1CF90F" box="[364,684,1717,1743]" collectingDate="2012-01" location="HAWAII" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1A291789FE53F90F" bold="true" box="[364,483,1717,1743]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<collectingRegion id="49D5B0C40541DD2D1A291789FE6FF90F" box="[364,479,1717,1743]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">HAWAII</collectingRegion>
,
</emphasis>
Kamuela,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D19241789FD1CF90F" box="[609,684,1717,1743]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-01">
<collectingDate id="EFEBA10E0541DD2D19241789FD1CF90F" box="[609,684,1717,1743]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-01">I.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, ex.
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D19A5178AFE94F932" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D19A5178AFEAFF932" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Lampranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">Lampranthus roseus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
coll. S. Keith, det. G.A. Evans,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D19DF17E4FCACF932" box="[666,796,1752,1778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-04-26">26.IV.2012</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B2517C7FC90F8F9" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1B2517C7FE95F8D6" authority=", Wailuku" authorityName="Wailuku" box="[96,293,1787,1814]" genus="The" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species" species="maui">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B2517C7FF08F8D5" bold="true" box="[96,184,1787,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MAUI,</emphasis>
Wailuku
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D1A7517C0FE77F8D6" box="[304,455,1788,1814]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-08-28">28.VIII.2012</date>
, ex.
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D1ABF17C0FD70F8D6" box="[506,704,1788,1814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Lampranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1ABF17C0FD29F8D6" box="[506,665,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lampranthus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
coll. M. Fukada, M. Lee &amp; C. Young, det. B. Kumashiro,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D19D21623FCACF8F9" box="[663,796,1823,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-09-12">12.IX.2012</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE7E260541DD2D1B25167EFF67F863" blockId="7.[96,800,872,1955]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D1B25167EFF0EF89C" bold="true" box="[96,190,1858,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">OAHU,</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B79747B0541DD2D1B80167FFF63F863" collectingDate="2012-07-19" collectingDateMax="2012-07-24" collectingDateMin="2012-07-19" collectionCode="HDOA" collectorName="Mapunapuna &amp; M. Lee &amp; C. Young &amp; Vouchers" determinerName="B. Kumashiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26E41BF00541DD2D1B80167FFED0F89D" box="[197,352,1859,1885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mapunapuna</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D1A2E167EFE44F89C" box="[363,500,1858,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-07-19">
<collectingDate id="EFEBA10E0541DD2D1A2E167EFE44F89C" box="[363,500,1858,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-07-19">19.VII.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, ex.
<taxonomicName id="4C1105A50541DD2D196C167EFD57F89D" box="[553,743,1858,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Carpobrotus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B965A2340541DD2D196C167EFD0FF89C" box="[553,703,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Carpobrotus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
coll.
<collectorName id="26E41BF00541DD2D1B25165AFF01F840" box="[96,177,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">M. Lee</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E41BF00541DD2D1B961659FE8FF840" box="[211,319,1893,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. Young</collectorName>
, det.
<determinerName id="7E7292E20541DD2D1A32165AFDA7F8BF" box="[375,535,1893,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. Kumashiro</determinerName>
,
<date id="FFAF58E60541DD2D19641659FD1CF8BF" box="[545,684,1893,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-07-24">
<collectingDate id="EFEBA10E0541DD2D19641659FD1CF8BF" box="[545,684,1893,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2012-07-24">24.VII.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectorName id="26E41BF00541DD2D19F01659FC90F8BF" box="[693,800,1893,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Vouchers</collectorName>
at
<collectionCode id="ED00E6E30541DD2D1B3916B5FF63F863" box="[124,211,1929,1955]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33433" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33433" name="Hawaii Department of Agriculture" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">HDOA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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