600 lines
75 KiB
XML
600 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="8053E580E1A930BA2BF1896B080DFEE0" ID-CLB-Dataset="54223" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a585d52-dd53-409e-9a1e-06c344d60010" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685359" ID-ZooBank="FC367536-2DF0-4598-992B-78022F58623A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677571355041" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Namayandeh, Armin, Hudson, Patrick L., Ghaderi, Edris & Stott, Wendylee" docDate="2023" docId="039BB669DF0AD25189E3FE502168F808" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5249.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5249 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zavrelia parapentatoma Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3AEFFA97-108E-493C-91A4-7CCCE57A5E91" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="FFA2CE11DF0ED2568974FF8A226BFFDA" masterDocTitle="Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="115" updateTime="1699475899956" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8D44A0DE627564B0E55275792F7DBD46">Zavrelia parapentatoma (Chironomidae: Diptera), a curious new species from North America, revealed by molecular methods</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DA887645BDFE6C08DDAFAAAD5FBF5F65" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DC892EB96C645860B3CE1EF5967742A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8A9D37A9E4BB0EFA3B80BA668D2436D2">Namayandeh, Armin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B13560724D48707D37FE600FA370D68">Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada. arminnamayandeh @ trentu. ca; a. namayan @ taxanama. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2136 - 0497</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0B4D0B70AC23B3356D697285AC63A10" type="email">arminnamayandeh@trentu.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="816F1754E16DD4CB67D2B8D1A93FE83B">Hudson, Patrick L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="775C2B8BDDB84F9F5B371508725DBA7F">5597 New Meadow Drive, Ypsilanti, MI 48197.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B82FD45256BC9A2CD5985AC18F8EF7C">Ghaderi, Edris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E82FC88F05CCD145097484FFE674213">Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. & Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="60BF1C124E3CE27033FD51D96C04A2D9">Stott, Wendylee</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0ACA8EC13AADE963E2E7A562F3C5A3DE">Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Arctic and Aquatic Research Division, 501 University Cr., Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Wendylee. Stott @ dfo-mpo. gc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5252 - 4901</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB61E32C1CC9EF3BFD84CB7D36C7B051" type="email">tott@dfo-mpo.gc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2EF72C8B39EB099A4CC0439540F4D9DF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AC0E85F779D10D5187D95FEDA0335705">
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<mods:date id="BECBA57231D8192EADD9F446D9CEF84F">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="643ED8F8E9AA8EFB3089D27D1BE3FAA9">2023-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="054955F92063D571E02135DDF3C95F74">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.6</mods:url>
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<treatment id="039BB669DF0AD25189E3FE502168F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7688463" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209383911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7688463" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3AEFFA97-108E-493C-91A4-7CCCE57A5E91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039BB669DF0AD25189E3FE502168F808" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
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<subSubSection id="C32854F4DF0AD25289E3FE502074FE2F" box="[151,543,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="nomenclature">
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<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289E3FE502074FE2F" bold="true" box="[151,543,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
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<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0AD25289E3FE5023D0FE2F" ID-CoL="BDM98" authority="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,443,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289E3FE5023D0FE2F" bold="true" box="[151,443,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2756616DF0AD25288B5FE512074FE2F" box="[449,543,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C32854F4DF0AD25289E3FE752674FDE7" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289E3FE752294FDC3" blockId="4.[151,1055,474,573]" box="[151,255,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
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<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0AD25289E3FE752294FDC3" box="[151,255,511,537]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetBox-1="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetId-1="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289E3FDE1232FFD5E" bold="true" box="[151,324,618,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Type material.</emphasis>
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male;
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; 42.136730°, -83.981339°;
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; leg.
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; deposited at ARC
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:
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.
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,
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62EC7FF3DF0AD25288C1FD392003FD17" box="[437,616,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Washtenaw Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location id="8EED51A4DF0AD2528B01FD39211AFD17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039BB669DF0AD25189E3FE502168F808:8EED51A4DF0AD2528B01FD39211AFD17" box="[629,881,691,717]" country="United States of America" county="Washtenaw Co." name="Ervin-Stucki Preserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" stateProvince="Michigan">Ervin-Stucki Preserve</location>
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; 42.136730°, -83.981339°;
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; leg.
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<collectorName id="26C762A9DF0AD2528C39FD392299FD2B" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Patrick Hudson</collectorName>
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; deposited at ARC
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B5A0D22DF0AD25288B9FD5C2134FCCF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039905303" collectingDate="2022-06-08" collectorName="Patrick Hudson" country="United States of America" county="Washtenaw Co." location="Ervin-Stucki Preserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="5" specimenCount-pupa="5" stateProvince="Michigan" typeStatus="paratype">
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,
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;
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,
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62EC7FF3DF0AD2528A20FD5D266EFD2B" box="[852,1029,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Washtenaw Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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; 42.136730°, -83.981339°;
|
||
<date id="FF8C21BFDF0AD2528845FD7123F4FCCF" box="[305,415,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2022-06-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC8D857DF0AD2528845FD7123F4FCCF" box="[305,415,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2022-06-08">8.vi.2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C762A9DF0AD25288AEFD7120E7FCCF" box="[474,652,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Patrick Hudson</collectorName>
|
||
; deposited at ARC
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FC942089FB33" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3FC9423BAFCE3" bold="true" box="[199,465,798,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0AD25288A3FC95208DFCE2" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[471,742,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25288A3FC95208DFCE2" box="[471,742,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0AD2528D5CFC9526B5FCE3" box="[1064,1246,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD2528D5CFC9526EDFCE3" box="[1064,1158,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Zavrelia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: Adult male with wing length ~
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF0AD2528A69FCC9211EFC87" box="[797,885,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 4–5 longer than broad; AR 1.19; frontal tubercle minute, ~4 μm long; anal point with numerous (35) long spinulae (at least 8 times as long as wide) placed between long anal crest and flexing with their pointed ends directed anteriorly; 8 long median tergite setae placed on 1–3 light roundish fields at mid tergite IX; median volsella short, stout, with simple and subulate lamellae. Adult female with AR 0.23–0.28; temporal setae 8; frontal tubercle small, ~6 μm long; sternite VIII with 30 setae; notum including rami 131–170, 151 μm long; coxosternapodeme with developed anterior and posterior lobes. Pupa with cephalic tubercle weak and short; the median patch of microspinules much more prominent on tergites II–V but not wellextended to the lateral edge; those in II-IV appear divided with only a few microspinules in between; tergite II with small anterior patches of lateral shagreens; lateral shagreens prominent and extend along the lateral edge of tergites III–VI; segment VIII with a simple or bifid posterolateral spur; anal lobe seta taeniate. Larva with AR 0.93–1.23;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED239FBADF0AD25289E3FB2122B9FB1F" box="[151,210,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">AAR</collectionCode>
|
||
0.64–0.77, 0.70;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED239FBADF0AD25288EEFB2123BEFB1F" box="[410,469,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">AHR</collectionCode>
|
||
0.31–0.36, 0.30; ventromental plates medially reaching the border of the second and third lateral teeth of mentum;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED239FBADF0AD2528892FB45204DFB33" box="[486,550,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">MVR</collectionCode>
|
||
1.00–1.18, 1.11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32854F4DF0AD25289B3FB792334FAEB" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FB792334FAEB" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3FB792325FAD7" bold="true" box="[199,334,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is named after its similarity to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0AD2528A1CFB792197FAD6" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[872,1020,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD2528A1CFB792197FAD6" box="[872,1020,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The prefix “
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD2528DE5FB7926ADFAD6" box="[1169,1222,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">para</emphasis>
|
||
” is Latin, meaning “near” or “close”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32854F4DF0AD25189B3FAB020A6FEC7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FAB02398FA8F" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" box="[199,499,1338,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3FAB02332FA8E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male (n = 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FAD521AFFAA3" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" box="[199,964,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
Total length 1.7–1.9,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF0AD25288C2FAD52064FAA3" box="[438,527,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF0AD2528B29FAD520D8FAA3" box="[605,691,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF0AD2528A56FAD52114FAA3" box="[802,895,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" unit="mm" value="0.3">0. 3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FA09206CFA1B" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3FA09200CFA46" box="[199,615,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Coloration of the mounted specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. Head, thorax, and tergites brown. Legs and sternites yellowish brown. Wing and halters greyish-brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3FA4123F0F9AF" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3FA41236FFA3F" box="[199,260,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Plume well-developed; antenna with 10 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere with 2 sensilla clavata (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0AD2528C1BFA4122D6F9D3" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); AR 1.12–1.29, 1.19. Frontal tubercle minute, 4 μm long. Temporal setae with only 2 inner verticals. Tentorium 99–110, 105 μm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0AD25288E1F9992386F9F7" box="[405,493,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus squared about 82 μm long and 89 μm wide, with 10 setae 78–94 μm long. Third palpomere with 1 sensillum clavatum; lengths of palpomeres (in μm): 46–70, 53; 30–42, 38; 93–116, 105; 76–88, 83; 92–106, 97.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3F9F52089F943" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" box="[199,738,1662,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3F9F523F3F943" box="[199,408,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Thorax chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
. Ac 12; Dc 9; Pa 1; Scts 4–5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3F9292172F93B" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3F929236AF966" box="[199,257,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0AD2528864F9292303F967" box="[272,360,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wing 4–5 times longer than wide. R with 17–20 setae, R
|
||
<subScript id="17B6053ADF0AD2528A83F93F2194F919" attach="left" box="[1015,1023,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">1</subScript>
|
||
with 6–7, R
|
||
<subScript id="17B6053ADF0AD2528DFEF93F26CFF919" attach="left" box="[1162,1188,1717,1731]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">4+5</subScript>
|
||
with 18–19 setae. VR 1.5. Wing cell setation mainly confined to the wing apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0AD25289B3F96120D3F897" blockId="4.[151,1437,618,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0AD25289B3F9612297F8DE" box="[199,252,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore leg tibia with 40 μm long spur; mid and hind legs tibiae with well-separated combs; mid leg tibial combs 12 μm long, and spurs 13–16 μm long; hind leg tibia with combs 9–11 μm long and spurs 13–17 μm long. Lengths and ratios of leg segments as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B032C4DF0AD2528B2AF8B920D9F897" box="[606,690,1843,1869]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Male leg lengths (μm) and proportions of Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" tableUuid="DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75" ID-Table-UUID="DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75" box="[151,1072,151,175]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" startId="5.[151,239,151,175]" targetBox="[166,1366,191,341]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0BD25389E3FF1D265BFF75" blockId="5.[151,1072,151,175]" box="[151,1072,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389E3FF1D2361FF75" bold="true" box="[151,266,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Male leg lengths (μm) and proportions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0BD2538BA4FF1D21BFFF75" authority="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[720,980,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD2538BA4FF1D21BFFF75" box="[720,980,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2756616DF0BD2538AAEFF1D265BFF75" box="[986,1072,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0BD253886EFF35273DFE8A" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<table id="F932F5DFDF0B2DA989D2FF35273DFE8F" box="[166,1366,191,341]" gridcols="11" gridrows="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF0B2DA989D2FF35273DFF04" box="[166,1366,191,222]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA9886EFF35232BFF04" box="[282,320,191,222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">fe</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA988FBFF3523DEFF04" box="[399,437,191,222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ti</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B70FF352041FF04" box="[516,554,191,222]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ta1</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B0DFF3520F4FF04" box="[633,671,191,222]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ta2</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B9AFF35217FFF04" box="[750,788,191,222]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ta3</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98A16FF3521E3FF04" box="[866,904,191,222]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ta4</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98AA3FF35219AFF04" box="[983,1009,191,222]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">ta 5</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98D38FF352613FF04" box="[1100,1144,191,222]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">LR</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98DB5FF35268FFF04" box="[1217,1252,191,222]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">BV</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98C42FF35273DFF04" box="[1334,1366,191,222]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">SV</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF0B2DA989D2FF6D273DFEDF" box="[166,1366,231,261]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA989D2FF6D22D0FEDF" box="[166,187,231,261]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">p1</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA9886EFF6D232BFEDF" box="[282,320,231,261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">493</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA988FBFF6D23DEFEDF" box="[399,437,231,261]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">340</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B70FF6D2041FEDF" box="[516,554,231,261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">442</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B0DFF6D20F4FEDF" box="[633,671,231,261]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">266</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B9AFF6D217FFEDF" box="[750,788,231,261]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">203</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98A16FF6D21E3FEDF" box="[866,904,231,261]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">122</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98AA3FF6D219AFEDF" box="[983,1009,231,261]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">74</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98D38FF6D2613FEDF" box="[1100,1144,231,261]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">1.30</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98DB5FF6D268FFEDF" box="[1217,1252,231,261]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98C42FF6D273DFEDF" box="[1334,1366,231,261]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">1.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF0B2DA989D2FE9A273DFEF7" box="[166,1366,272,301]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA989D2FE9A22D0FEF7" box="[166,187,272,301]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389D2FE9A22DFFEF2" bold="true" box="[166,180,272,296]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">p</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389C0FE9522D0FEF7" bold="true" box="[180,187,287,301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">2</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA9886EFE9A232BFEF7" box="[282,320,272,301]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">481</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA988FBFE9A23DEFEF7" box="[399,437,272,301]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">375</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B70FE9A2041FEF7" box="[516,554,272,301]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">232</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B0DFE9A20F4FEF7" box="[633,671,272,301]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">128</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B9AFE9A217FFEF7" box="[750,788,272,301]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">104</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98A16FE9A21E3FEF7" box="[866,904,272,301]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">69</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98AA3FE9A219AFEF7" box="[983,1009,272,301]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">55</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98D38FE9A2613FEF7" box="[1100,1144,272,301]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">0.62</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98DB5FE9A268FFEF7" box="[1217,1252,272,301]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98C42FE9A273DFEF7" box="[1334,1366,272,301]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">3.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF0B2DA989D2FEB2273DFE8F" box="[166,1366,312,341]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF0B2DA989D2FEB222D0FE8F" box="[166,187,312,341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389D2FEB222DFFE8A" bold="true" box="[166,180,312,336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">p</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389C0FECD22D0FE8F" bold="true" box="[180,187,327,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">3</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA9886EFEB2232BFE8F" box="[282,320,312,341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">596</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA988FBFEB223DEFE8F" box="[399,437,312,341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">486</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B70FEB22041FE8F" box="[516,554,312,341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">296</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B0DFEB220F4FE8F" box="[633,671,312,341]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">170</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98B9AFEB2217FFE8F" box="[750,788,312,341]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">150</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98A16FEB221E3FE8F" box="[866,904,312,341]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">88</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98AA3FEB2219AFE8F" box="[983,1009,312,341]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">60</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98D38FEB22613FE8F" box="[1100,1144,312,341]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">0.61</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98DB5FEB2268FFE8F" box="[1217,1252,312,341]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF0B2DA98C42FEB2273DFE8F" box="[1334,1366,312,341]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">3.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D57F7DF0BD25389E3F9572605F8C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" startId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" targetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0BD25389E3F9572605F8C0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1757,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389E3F9572378F92F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1757,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF0BD253886DF9572064F92F" authority="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[281,527,1757,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD253886DF9572064F92F" box="[281,527,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD2538B61F957200EF92F" bold="true" box="[533,613,1757,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2756616DF0BD2538B61F957200EF92F" box="[533,613,1757,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF0BD25089B3F8C2266FFF0F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1863,2034]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF0BD25389B3F8C2233DF8BB" box="[199,342,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0BD2538812F8CD238AF8BB" box="[358,481,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Fig. 3D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite IX 103–129, 114 μm long and 60–86 μm wide, with 8 median setae on 1–3 light roundish fields, and 20 apical setae. Anal point 42–58, 50 μm long and 20–24, 22 μm wide (maximum); with 2 lateral setae close to the base; well-developed crests present; 33–37, 35 very long spinulae present between crests of anal point (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF0BD2538861F83923E4F817" box="[277,399,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="116">Fig. 3D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonocoxite 64–70, 67 μm long; gonostylus 47–54, 49 μm long; HR 1.30–1.5, 1.4. Superior volsella 42–45 μm long, digitiform, medially directed, with 3 dorsal and 3 median setae on setiger; median volsella stout with cluster of simple and subulate, lamella, stem 16–19, 17 μm long; inferior volsella club-shaped, 37–52, 49 μm long with several distal setae, dorsal surface without microtrichia. HV 3.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FF55231FFF23" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,372,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Female (n = 2).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FE8921F1FEC7" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,922,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508820FE8923B5FEC7" box="[340,478,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508B58FE8920E9FEC7" box="[556,642,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508B85FE89213EFEC7" box="[753,853,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="0.32">0.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FEAD2152FE9B" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,825,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FEAD20E2FE9A" box="[199,649,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">The coloration of the mounted specimen</emphasis>
|
||
. Same as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FEC126EEFE77" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FEC1236FFEBF" box="[199,260,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Antennae with 5 flagellomere (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508B1AFEC120AAFEBF" box="[622,705,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with ultimate flagellomere 59–61 μm long, AR 0.23–0.28, 0.26. Temporal setae 8. Frontal tubercle small, 6 μm long. Tentorium 107–116, 112 μm long. Clypeus with 12 setae, setae 77 μm long. Lengths of palpomeres (in μm): 40–49, 44; 27–37, 32; 71–80, 76; 62–63; 94.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FE3D20D3FE0B" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,696,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FE3D23F3FE0B" box="[199,408,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Thorax chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
. Ac 8; Dc 7; Pa 1; Scts 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FE5120D0FDC3" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FE51236AFE2E" box="[199,257,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0661B8DF08D250881EFE5123C6FE2F" box="[362,429,475,501]" degrees="3.8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" precision="5555" value="-3.8">W 3.8</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–4.0. Brachiolum with 2 setae; R with 19 setae, R4+5 with 24 setae, R1 with 7 setae. Wing membrane setation same as in male. VR 1.5–1.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FDA92773FDBB" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FDA92297FDE6" box="[199,252,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Foreleg tibial spur with 23 μm long; mid and hind legs tibiae with well-separated combs; mid leg tibial spurs 16 μm long; hind leg tibial spurs 9–11 μm long. Lengths and ratios of leg segments as in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B032C4DF08D2508DCAFDCD277FFDBB" box="[1214,1300,583,609]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,620,644]" captionTargetBox="[166,1366,660,811]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2. Female leg lengths (μm) and proportions of Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D57F7DF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" tableUuid="DF4D57F7DF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D57F7DF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F" ID-Table-UUID="DF4D57F7DF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F" box="[151,1095,620,645]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D57F7DF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" startId="6.[151,239,620,644]" targetBox="[166,1366,660,811]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089E3FDE6262CFD5F" blockId="6.[151,1095,620,645]" box="[151,1095,620,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089E3FDE62361FD5E" bold="true" box="[151,266,620,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Female leg lengths (μm) and proportions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF08D2508B9CFDE62180FD5E" authority="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[744,1003,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D2508B9CFDE62180FD5E" box="[744,1003,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D2508A86FDE7262CFD5F" bold="true" box="[1010,1095,621,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2756616DF08D2508A86FDE7262CFD5F" box="[1010,1095,621,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D250886FFD1F273DFCFF" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<table id="F932F5DFDF082DA989D2FD1E273DFCF1" box="[166,1366,660,811]" gridcols="11" gridrows="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF082DA989D2FD1E273DFD69" box="[166,1366,660,691]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA9886FFD1E232AFD69" box="[283,321,660,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">fe</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA988FBFD1E23DEFD69" box="[399,437,660,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ti</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98B70FD1E2041FD69" box="[516,554,660,691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ta1</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98B0DFD1E20F4FD69" box="[633,671,660,691]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ta2</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98B9AFD1E217FFD69" box="[750,788,660,691]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ta3</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98A17FD1E21E3FD69" box="[867,904,660,691]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ta4</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98AACFD1E219AFD69" box="[984,1009,660,691]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">ta 5</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98D38FD1E2613FD69" box="[1100,1144,660,691]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D2508D38FD1E2604FD76" bold="true" box="[1100,1135,660,684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">LR</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98DB5FD1E268FFD69" box="[1217,1252,660,691]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D2508DB5FD1E268FFD76" bold="true" box="[1217,1252,660,684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">BV</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA98C42FD1E273DFD69" box="[1334,1366,660,691]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D2508C42FD1E273DFD76" bold="true" box="[1334,1366,660,684]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">SV</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF082DA989D2FD37273DFD00" box="[166,1366,701,730]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA989D2FD3722D0FD00" box="[166,187,701,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089D2FD3722DFFD0F" bold="true" box="[166,180,701,725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">p</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089C0FD4622D0FD00" bold="true" box="[180,187,716,730]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">1</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA9886FFD37232AFD00" box="[283,321,701,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">487</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA988FBFD3723DEFD00" box="[399,437,701,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">366</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B70FD372041FD00" box="[516,554,701,730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">501</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B0DFD3720F4FD00" box="[633,671,701,730]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">245</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B9AFD37217FFD00" box="[750,788,701,730]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">181</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98A17FD3721E3FD00" box="[867,904,701,730]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">113</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98AACFD37219AFD00" box="[984,1009,701,730]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">70</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98D38FD372613FD00" box="[1100,1144,701,730]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">1.37</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98DB5FD37268FFD00" box="[1217,1252,701,730]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98C42FD37273DFD00" box="[1334,1366,701,730]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">1.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF082DA989D2FD6F273DFCD8" box="[166,1366,741,770]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA989D2FD6F22D0FCD8" box="[166,187,741,770]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089D2FD6F22DFFD27" bold="true" box="[166,180,741,765]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">p</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089C0FD7E22D0FCD8" bold="true" box="[180,187,756,770]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">2</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA9886FFD6F232AFCD8" box="[283,321,741,770]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">555</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA988FBFD6F23DEFCD8" box="[399,437,741,770]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">466</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B70FD6F2041FCD8" box="[516,554,741,770]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">271</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B0DFD6F20F4FCD8" box="[633,671,741,770]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">118</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B9AFD6F217FFCD8" box="[750,788,741,770]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">116</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98A17FD6F21E3FCD8" box="[867,904,741,770]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">60</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98AACFD6F219AFCD8" box="[984,1009,741,770]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">52</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98D38FD6F2613FCD8" box="[1100,1144,741,770]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">0.58</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98DB5FD6F268FFCD8" box="[1217,1252,741,770]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98C42FD6F273DFCD8" box="[1334,1366,741,770]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">3.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3502053DDF082DA989D2FC87273DFCF1" box="[166,1366,781,811]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<th id="76D36C41DF082DA989D2FC8722D0FCF1" box="[166,187,781,811]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089D2FC8722DFFCFF" bold="true" box="[166,180,781,805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">p</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089C0FC9722D0FCF1" bold="true" box="[180,187,797,811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">3</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA9886FFC87232AFCF1" box="[283,321,781,811]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">627</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA988FBFC8723DEFCF1" box="[399,437,781,811]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">557</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B70FC872041FCF1" box="[516,554,781,811]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">326</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B0DFC8720F4FCF1" box="[633,671,781,811]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">167</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98B9AFC87217FFCF1" box="[750,788,781,811]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">136</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98A17FC8721E3FCF1" box="[867,904,781,811]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">80</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98AACFC87219AFCF1" box="[984,1009,781,811]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">67</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98D38FC872613FCF1" box="[1100,1144,781,811]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">0.59</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98DB5FC87268FFCF1" box="[1217,1252,781,811]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76D36C41DF082DA98C42FC87273DFCF1" box="[1334,1366,781,811]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FCDF2736FC6D" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FCDF235AFCB5" box="[199,305,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508837FCDF23F4FCB5" box="[323,415,853,879]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1757,1781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,407,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-115@5.[159,1428,398,1734]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., male (A-E), female (F-G). A. antenna; B. head; C. wing; D. hypopygium, dorsal and ventral view; E. anal point; F. antenna; G. genitalia. dorsal view. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685365/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite IX 138–163, 151 μm long. Sternite VIII with 30 setae. Gonocoxite with 1 seta. Notum including rami 131–170, 151 μm long, notum alone 83–102, 92 μm long. Seminal capsule 56 μm in diameter (n = 1). Coxosternapodeme with developed anterior and posterior lobes. Cercus 49 μm long and 30 μm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FC4B2332FC06" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" box="[199,345,961,988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pupa (n = 5).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FC6F2175FC25" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" box="[199,798,997,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508820FC6F23B5FC25" box="[340,478,997,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; abdomen
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508B23FC6F20B5FC25" box="[599,734,997,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FB83273EFBF9" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" box="[199,1365,1033,1059]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FB832052FBF9" box="[199,569,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Colouration of the pupal exuviae</emphasis>
|
||
. Pale brown. Lateral margins of abdominal segment VIII much darker.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FBA72061FB69" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FBA72304FB9D" box="[199,367,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Cephalic tubercle weak and short, 18–29, 22 μm. Taeniate frontal seta 135–149, 142 μm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D25089EBFBDB2292FBB1" box="[159,249,1105,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicel sheath tubercle absent. Thoracic horn 248–428, 349 μm long, 18–28, 22 μm wide, with few spines in mid-section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D250883CFBFF23CAFB55" box="[328,417,1141,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
); precorneals taeniate, Pc
|
||
<subScript id="17B6053ADF08D2508BB4FB0D20B3FB4F" attach="left" box="[704,728,1159,1173]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">1–3</subScript>
|
||
136, 183, 196 μm long (n = 1). Wing sheath 699–754, 725 μm long and 177–195, 187 μm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3FB37271DF9C1" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3FB37235AFB0D" box="[199,305,1213,1239]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508832FB3723CFFB0D" box="[326,420,1213,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Tergite I bare. Tergites II–IX with median patch of microspinules. Median patch of microspinules much more prominent on tergites II–V and not well extended to the lateral edge; those in II–IV appear divided in the middle with only a few microspinules; the median patch of microspinules on tergites VI–IX reducing gradually and well-divided. Pleura II with small anterior patches of lateral shagreens; lateral shagreens prominent and extend along the lateral edge of pleura III–VI. No visible lateral shagreens on pleura VII–IX. Tergite II with pedes spuri B and posterior hook row of 50–60, 55 hooks, 120–155, 137 μm wide. Sternites bare. Segment II–III with 3 simple lateral setae; segment IV with 2 simple and 1 taeniate lateral setae; segment V–VII with 4 taeniate lateral setae; segment VIII with 3 taeniate lateral setae and a simple to bifid posterolateral spur, spur 29–35, 32 μm long. Anal lobe 108–123, 116 μm long and 61–83, 74 μm wide; genital sac 163–190 μm long and 50–69 μm wide; anal lobes with fring of 16–17 taeniate setae of 73–112, 90 μm long; anal lobe seta taeniate 77–81, 79 μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3F9AF2308F99A" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" box="[199,355,1573,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Larva (n = 5).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3F9C3208CF9B9" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" box="[199,743,1609,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
Total length 2.9–3.3, 3.0 mm, case
|
||
<quantity id="4CCAAA9ADF08D2508B25F9C320CCF9B9" box="[593,679,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3F9E72331F971" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3F9E72329F95D" box="[199,322,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Head capsule brown, mentum, inner teeth of mandibles, and occipital region darker. Abdomen yellowish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF08D25089B3F93F270CF835" blockId="6.[151,1437,853,2031]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF08D25089B3F93F236FF915" box="[199,260,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: HL/HW 0.84–1.05, 0.9. AR 0.93–1.23, 1.1; antennal pedestal 55–64, 57 μm long with well developed, 29–31, 30 μm long spur; antennal segment lengths (in μm): 73–88, 82; 32–40, 37; 18–22, 19; 11–15, 13; 7–8; third segment inserted subapically on segment two; AAR 0.64–0.77, 0.70; AHR 0.31–0.36, 0.30; antennal blade 113–114 μm long; Lauterborn organs 17–26, 22 μm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508A50F8AB2114F8E1" box="[804,895,1825,1851]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labral SI comb-like, SII plumose, SIII simple. S3 simple, 86–104, 95 μm long. Premandible 49–53, 51 μm long; quartered and with a well-developed brush (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508C1BF8CF22D0F859" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mandible 82–88, 84 μm long, with 1 subapical, 1 apical, and 3 inner teeth; setae subdentalis 48–56, 51 μm long, reaching well-beyond apical tooth; setae interna with 3 blades of well-branched spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508DEBF807269FF87D" box="[1183,1268,1933,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mentum with one median tooth and six lateral teeth; first lateral teeth slightly lower than second and third; ventromental plates medially reaching the border of the second and third lateral teeth of mentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13091BFADF08D2508A88F85F263CF835" box="[1020,1111,2005,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" captionTargetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" captionTargetId="figure-86@7.[173,1414,309,1270]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov., pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
); MVR 1.00–1.18, 1.11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF09D25189B3FF1D20A6FEC7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D25189B3FF1D236AFF6B" box="[199,257,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Body</emphasis>
|
||
: Posterior parapod 86–102, 94 μm long and 124–133, 130 μm wide, with 16 simple claws. Procercus 23–29, 24 μm long and 23–29, 26 μm wide; each procercus with 4 apical setae, 2 shorter 372–404, 380 μm long, and the 2 longer 502–679, 617 μm long; subapical seta 163–188, 171 μm long; supranal seta 237–255, 248 μm long. 4 conical anal tubules present, 73–92, 82 μm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D57F7DF09D25189E3FA8721D3FA90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685367/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" startId="7.[151,250,1293,1317]" targetBox="[179,1409,317,1261]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF09D25189E3FA8721D3FA90" blockId="7.[151,1437,1293,1354]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D25189E3FA872378FAFF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1293,1317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D251886EFA84207AFAFF" authority="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott, 2023" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[282,529,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D251886EFA84207AFAFF" box="[282,529,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Zavrelia parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518B63FA842003FAFC" bold="true" box="[535,616,1294,1318]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2756616DF09D2518B63FA842003FAFC" box="[535,616,1294,1318]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, pupa (A-C), larva (D-G). A. frontal apotome; B. thoracic horn; C. abdomen; D. antenna; E. premandible; F. mandible; G. mentum. Scale bars represent 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32854F4DF09D25189B3FAF22168F808" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D077FDF09D25189B3FAF22168F808" blockId="7.[151,1437,1400,2002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D25189B3FAF223D1FA48" bold="true" box="[199,442,1400,1426]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D251889AFAF320DFFA48" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[494,692,1401,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D251889AFAF320DFFA48" box="[494,692,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z.parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518B91FAF3211DFA48" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[741,886,1401,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518B91FAF3211DFA48" box="[741,886,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z.pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are close species and probably form a sister group. The morphological characters that separate the two species are, at the most, very subtle. There are many overlapping sizes and ratios between both species, which makes the distinction between the two species difficult (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B032C4DF09D2518C7DFA4A270BFA00" box="[1289,1376,1472,1498]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,638,664]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of characters of Zavrelia parapentatoma sp. nov. with Zavrelia pentatoma Kieffer & Bause, 1913. L = Length; No. = Number; TL = Total Length. All measurements are in μm unless otherwise indicated." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4D57F7DF06D25E89E3FDF420AFFD66" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" tableUuid="DF4D57F7DF06D25E89E3FDF420AFFD66">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). For adult males, the only distinguishing character is the spinulae of the anal point, which in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518D13FA6F2744FA24" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[1127,1327,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518D13FA6F2744FA24" box="[1127,1327,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much longer (at least 8 times as long as wide) compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518B9CF9832110F9F8" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[744,891,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518B9CF9832110F9F8" box="[744,891,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(no more than 4 times as long as wide). Females of both species are hard to separate; the range of notum and ramus length combined may be slightly different between the two species, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D251888CF9DB20A9F9B0" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[504,706,1617,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D251888CF9DB20A9F9B0" box="[504,706,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being in the higher range. The wing venarum ratio of adults of both species also differs slightly, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518B38F9FF217DF954" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[588,790,1653,1678]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518B38F9FF217DF954" box="[588,790,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having the higher ratio. The pupae of both species show the most significant difference among life stages.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518BC9F91321EEF968" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[701,901,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518BC9F91321EEF968" box="[701,901,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has median patches of microspinules on tergites II–V less extended, and those in II–IV appear divided in the middle with only a few microspinules. Additionally, the anal lobe seta is prominent and taeniate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518BF4F96B2121F920" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[640,842,1761,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518BF4F96B2121F920" box="[640,842,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518A2DF96B2185F920" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[857,1006,1761,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518A2DF96B2185F920" box="[857,1006,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a well-extended and joined patch of microspinules on tergites II–V, and the anal lobe seta is simple. Few characters could separate the larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518CF2F88F2329F898" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518CF2F88F2329F898" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D25188A5F8A2200EF898" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[465,613,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
Z.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D251889BF8A3200EF898" box="[495,613,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
including the extent of the ventromental plates, size of Lauterborn organs, length of the shortest anal setae, and length of the anal tubules. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518AF1F8C72625F8BC" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[901,1102,1869,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518AF1F8C72625F8BC" box="[901,1102,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ventromental plates medially reach the border of the second and third lateral teeth of the mentum, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518D67F8FB26CDF850" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[1043,1190,1905,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518D67F8FB26CDF850" box="[1043,1190,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hardly reach the third lateral teeth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D251885DF81F239AF874" authorityName="Namayandeh & Hudson & Ghaderi & Stott" authorityYear="2023" box="[297,497,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D251885DF81F239AF874" box="[297,497,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. parapentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a slightly longer and narrower Lauterborn organ, and its shortest-anal setae and anal tubules are also longer than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C327CFCDF09D2518B1CF8332097F808" authorityName="Kieffer & Bause" authorityYear="1913" box="[616,764,1977,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Zavrelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentatoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946DB6DDF09D2518B1CF8332097F808" box="[616,764,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Z. pentatoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |