332 lines
37 KiB
XML
332 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="76DAD41035E50B2E112EBB92AAA0567A" ID-CLB-Dataset="32109" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.14060" ID-GBIF-Dataset="586b8dd8-47f6-455e-98e5-c4f1ea6a0ea8" ID-PMC="PMC5673843" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-697-21" ID-PubMed="29134014" ID-ZooBank="8F43E4946D4B40EF913944D53822BCE0" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-697-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 697" ModsDocTitle="On the identity of Leptoxistaeniata – a misapplied name for the threatened Painted Rocksnail (Cerithioidea, Pleuroceridae)" checkinTime="1505404177079" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Whelan, Nathan V., Johnson, Paul D., Garner, Jeffrey T. & Strong, Ellen E." docDate="2017" docId="4BCE8740BA826DA195945ADBD5760F12" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 697: 21-36" docOrigin="ZooKeys 697" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.14060" docTitle="Leptoxis picta Conrad 1834" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="6D3BFFB1B906FFB0572FC02BFFF1FF9E" masterDocTitle="On the identity of Leptoxistaeniata - a misapplied name for the threatened Painted Rocksnail (Cerithioidea, Pleuroceridae)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1701377205082" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D6AA610DC7E1D50CD2D83ED624720142">On the identity of Leptoxistaeniata - a misapplied name for the threatened Painted Rocksnail (Cerithioidea, Pleuroceridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A0A77879FD812FBF872972F2D2CB556D">Whelan, Nathan V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23E7841DE0B68AB066AF4517B8063796">Johnson, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F09D8EFF463D63FD3A7E0E419036DA34">Garner, Jeffrey T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B312E914D3BD450D300E034AD303DAE4">Strong, Ellen E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3AEFBDC0E12191DBCB2B718F109B74D3">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EB3BE93D978A74D1622A29CFEE915B8D">
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<mods:date id="CB475F08DEBC15787AD4049059EBBBA4">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EF8413580EF6694D14DDF49053B4D439">697</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B1F8829100FC5CBE9972200701BD4445">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.14060</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C6971EA772F4CC4D1671B77EE36E5B43">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C1B0B423BBA766035C3F5B85670D5834" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.697.14060</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="271B7D63325E933C36C03E45E8B22507" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-697-21</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="4BCE8740BA826DA195945ADBD5760F12" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134089513" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4BCE8740BA826DA195945ADBD5760F12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BCE8740BA826DA195945ADBD5760F12" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="25A06E467CBD34B4DFD11D8CB4071CA2" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F1D9B75B2363B92B70E0B8B897B46CAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="94B410F5AA18B92152EC3F5FBA0AF185" ID-CoL="6PL7S" authority="Conrad, 1834" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1834" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Leptoxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoxis picta" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picta">
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<pageBreakToken id="D14BE19BB88B9E1144C185936BF59014" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" start="start">Leptoxis</pageBreakToken>
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picta (Conrad, 1834)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5ED6CBA9603F14CB2F1B5C2F0B5C6A5E" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DCC381D7F42827826DACCEC33D77733B" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="3859E230610C3A3004A5BCE3BAAF3D45" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Anculosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anculosa picta" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picta">Anculosa picta</taxonomicName>
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Conrad, 1834a: 343, pl. 1, fig. 16. Possible syntype MCZ 294989 (4 spms); possible syntypes USNM 12074 (2 spms). "Alabama River" [near Claiborne].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="260A7CCBFFFACF6DF953B36750E8627E" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="B8D80F28157F55F499781E31E5373FC4" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Anculosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anculosa taeniata" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taeniata">Anculosa taeniata</taxonomicName>
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Conrad, 1834b: 63. Lectotype ANSP 27620 (Baker, 1964; as
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<normalizedToken id="A185011199F982F55BE747406CB1A0A5" originalValue="“27620a”">"27620a"</normalizedToken>
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); paralectotypes ANSP 413583 (3 spms; formerly 27620); paralectotypes MCZ 294987 (4 spms); possible paralectotype NHMUK uncatalogued (1 spm). "Alabama River at Claiborne."
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="797A49CCFE2389BE8DD8CB96C1E78092" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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Other references:
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<taxonomicName id="572DE163EAE63412C0A1868A6DF6834A" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Leptoxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoxis picta" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picta">Leptoxis picta</taxonomicName>
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-Haldeman 1848: 3, figs. 74-80;
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<bibRefCitation id="160867F5EAC3A22AA502D372EF98E0BE" author="Burch, JB" journalOrPublisher="Walkerana" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 215" title="North American freshwater snails, species list, ranges, and illustrations." url="http://molluskconservation.org/PUBLICATIONS/WALKERANA/Vol1/walkerana%20vol1%20no3%2081-216.PDF" volume="1" year="1980">Burch and Tottenham 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 154, fig. 476;
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<bibRefCitation id="171DB72514ADAD0CAC38858F54FD4F5D" author="Burch, JB" journalOrPublisher="Walkerana" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="217 - 365" title="North American freshwater snails, identification keys, generic synonymy, supplemental notes, glossary, references, index." url="http://molluskconservation.org/PUBLICATIONS/WALKERANA/Vol1/walkerana%20vol1%20no4%20217-366.PDF" volume="1" year="1982">Burch 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 42, fig. 476;
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<bibRefCitation id="AC39AE91385E18F2B0B439A1A0152D01" author="Lydeard, C" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="117 - 128" title="A molecular phylogeny of Mobile River drainage basin pleurocerid snails (Caenogastropoda: Cerithioidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1996.0377" volume="7" year="1997">Lydeard et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 117-128;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8406EB5ED1B5E9860B28558225900C01" author="Dillon, RT" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="111 - 119" title="Divergence among Mobile Basin populations of the pleurocerid snail genus, Leptoxis, estimated by allozyme electrophoresis." volume="39" year="1998">Dillon and Lydeard 1998</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 113-121, fig. 2;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="71855C63643B5E6F9876316B0CE7311A" author="Holznagel, WE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="233 - 257" title="A molecular phylogeny of North American Pleuroceridae (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea) based on mitochondrial 16 S rDNA sequences." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/66.2.233" volume="66" year="2000">Holznagel and Lydeard 2000</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 233-257;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9E597E49748C25FB2B4680BBEC34DAE0" author="Lee, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="314 - 317" title="Crossing the continental divide: the Columbia drainage species Jugahemphili (Henderson, 1935) is a cryptic member of the eastern North American genus Elimia (Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyl005" volume="72" year="2006">Lee et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 314-317;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13E92334E2DBCF8BCCFDB2BF45AC7D6C" author="Strong, EE" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="483 - 502" title="Morphological and molecular analysis of ' Melaniajacqueti' Dautzenberg and Fischer, 1906: from anonymous orphan to critical basal offshoot of the Semisulcospiridae (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00385.x" volume="38" year="2009">
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||
Strong and
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||
<normalizedToken id="B551C6318A51724E6063436A28E83AF9" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
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||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 483-502;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1C6CAEE737A0F6C66F1C547B97BA8B4E" author="Tolley-Jordan, LR" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="235 - 249" title="Effects of land-use change on a diverse pleurocerid snail assemblage." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2474" volume="25" year="2015">Tolley-Jordan et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 235-249;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3CD9F078B368E094EE00BC7CF0C6A4CD" author="Whelan, NV" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="85 - 95" title="Life-history traits and shell morphology in the genus Leptoxis Rafinesque, 1819 (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyu058" volume="81" year="2015">Whelan et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 85-95, fig. 4.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C8BA027B32CB82D1860989A83798465A" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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||
<taxonomicName id="50E2DABD377E2FD41C20BE1C99614F5B" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Anculosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anculosa picta" order="Neotaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picta">Anculosa picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
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||
<bibRefCitation id="7C877B7D967E58989A2D744A8D7DD631" author="Tryon, GW" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" title="Land and fresh-water shells of North America part IV. Streptomatidae (American melanians)." year="1873">Tryon 1873</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 415-417, figs. 829-830;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="C0B0A5AD9A5B9A794113DB3CFAA9E0C6" author="Goodrich, C" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publication No" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 63" title="The Anculosae of the Alabama River drainage." volume="7" year="1922">Goodrich 1922</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 14-15, figs. 34, 35;
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E7EF8D381D2EB5A434CC468AF93D58B3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="E7B4A7F93C4D19783CA24E103D9C99A4" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BEAC5B661DC95FB337152D3276CC6CE9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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ANSP 120760, Alabama River, Alabama; ANSP 85033, Cahaba River, Alabama; ANSP 163024, Cahaba River, Lilly Shoals, Bibb County, Alabama (~
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||
<geoCoordinate id="222BFD9BFA55524EEA0BDCCB8F3F9BFB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="33.1552">33.1552°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="074967040E2C678F458DAA730517ECFC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.0365">87.0365°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
); ANSP 65451, Alabama River at Claiborne, Monroe County, Alabama (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="2652681AF6E22382087D250B8379750F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5512">31.5512°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="221A8B4325E2E8A3A781CF0333A195D8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5142">87.5142°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
); ANSP 187076, Alabama River at Claiborne, Monroe County, Alabama (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="FD2BB9F32ECDA3CF5BE531646AB94E23" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5512">31.5512°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E141897F79136AA6A063BB3FD3DDB304" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5142">87.5142°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
); UF 81414, Alabama River at Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~
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||
<geoCoordinate id="E9979F70BEA3A5A1A946A52767C72932" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4049">32.4049°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="712D165EE8D03EFB7900E1ADE31AF7AF" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.019">87.0190°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
); UF 82371, Alabama River, Alabama; UMMZ 10175, Alabama River at Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A5DC0C4E1C4A8F55721463DEAC5A0CB3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4049">32.4049°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6160C39205440122876C44C75A7A0DD2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.019">87.0190°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); UMMZ39983, Alabama River at Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="893FFF30B4C0A3D36C1690FE4D1E0C73" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4049">32.4049°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="769183CB9FF427CB635DC72A07717781" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.019">87.0190°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); UMMZ 57813, Cahaba River, 19.3 KM W of Selma, Dallas County, Alabama; USNM 507433, Alabama River at Claiborne, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="26B1E61192E2FC18924B50973EB02364" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5512">31.5512°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="35CD0FACA70386E8F3917CC7CD48813E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5142">87.5142°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 525014, Alabama River at Claiborne, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E46423B88F28B1CD4ECAC90BFBA65E6D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5512">31.5512°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A89AABBBC97042BDD42F7D1ACFA1C54D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5142">87.5142°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 121232, Alabama River at Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0C7A3626886CBAD93DA3E5B9538DD840" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4049">32.4049°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA18CF53645FB3F59629B65705F5C001" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.019">87.0190°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 519212, Alabama River at Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D69AFE0C25A9F5EE08C25AB7E2EE062A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4049">32.4049°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8D232C963953BCB257A0419DB81AF513" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.019">87.0190°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437744, Alabama River downstream of Benton boat ramp, Lowndes-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EA9FA73BA0BEE821DCD2697CB44BD5E4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3214">32.3214°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AB79995F6D770E9F3542B82A63C525F2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8215">86.8215°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437745, Alabama River downstream of Benton boat ramp, Lowndes-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DC30B2151A30AB79F71FE6988A291C65" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3214">32.3214°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EDD4593551DBE20314AE098C8B061915" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8215">86.8215°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437749, Alabama River downstream of Benton boat ramp, Dallas-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1F659E01F5EB8E81CC760063520AD5B9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3226">32.3226°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3D15483D74B89DD247D852D1EBD3724D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.822">86.8220°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437746, Alabama River at river mile 231.5, Dallas-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F66DB4DDC107E4DC490746AF4073B5CA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3413">32.3413°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4C5E672A7BB3F0C1896736BDA0831C15" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8159">86.8159°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437750, Alabama River at river mile 70.5, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D82A776F208488D4A94B737C15EE8A3A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5914">31.5914°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EC3A4830471DDB55D21C36F9A952C1E9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5415">87.5415°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437758, Alabama River at river mile 223.7, Dallas-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CFD62AD749168DEE6BE174A90D0CED33" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4299">32.4299°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="96BCDCF7DE362AF7872D8E445EE5DB93" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8308">86.8308°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437747, Alabama River at river mile 224.7, Dallas-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="55A507017FDAA47BDC7136A4F165C934" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.421">32.4210°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B4A1258CA470E60581AF0BA94DC9C980" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8337">86.8337°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437748, Alabama River at river mile 226.5, Dallas-Autauga Counties (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="206686172424AE2CB794B01FDF9C2DEC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.4064">32.4064°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1B74405357AD28E76EF36EAEFAF68211" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8463">86.8463°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
);
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="3B81DF28E5284093B4BC1D99CB9B5BE1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" start="start">USNM</pageBreakToken>
|
||
1437759, Alabama River at river mile 227.0, Dallas-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="702854F4C23A03A167ABAEC22E60F603" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3941">32.3941°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="44AD5AFB5787F41A09E8C48711544FED" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-96.8375">96.8375°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437753, Alabama River at river mile 46, Clarke-Monroe Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51D66495AF17EAFE5ACCE4D9006FBDF1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.4274">31.4274°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BDD6046CB58D6B4BAD7F464778392151" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.6452">87.6452°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437754, Alabama River at river mile 51.5, Clarke-Monroe Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5BE09C8BAD30BF79F19CB80BFF98ABD1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.4372">31.4372°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="51AA5FBC8E890561C00C3813D2EAE868" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5716">87.5716°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437756, Alabama River at river mile 54.6, Clarke-Monroe Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="63D7AE6F1A3249F087375108C0BB882F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.4734">31.4734°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6A3CB8212CBD2D9677A84956E9238C96" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.562">87.5620°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437761, Alabama River at river mile 58.0, Clarke-Monroe Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AD138A4F25C7CA7C120C6C3F50CCA7DD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5051">31.5051°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2C11F5E17329D5827794F5ED7894ECCE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.6125">87.6125°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437755, Alabama River at river mile 59.7, Clarke-Monroe Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1055F426915632FBDDC46B8B6AD726C2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5196">31.5196°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CA4A744711CE7833C699685FEF6372E2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.6205">87.6205°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437760, Alabama River at river mile 64.3, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9C64BA4A78C712AEDE2228EAD701F3B1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5559">31.5559°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="93C2B89102EB0E3B9E6C5D0C8FB2B7D7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5611">87.5611°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437757, Alabama River at river mile 75.0, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2FB60CE0A444B2BE1AE50A2C72862D36" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5898">31.5898°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="392F89E6D14372C4940F86617C1CB937" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5391">87.5391°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437752, Alabama River at river mile 75.8, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8B0C764DE2F9E3DAB4AAD5A660C24F6B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5923">31.5923°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CC49EA47275FB9A39932F2082D3B1F60" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5407">87.5407°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437743, Alabama River at river mile 128.6, Wilcox County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5D1AF4A7EED9FCBF02CEC7E3E52DB2C8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.0409">32.0409°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F7E5707D27CCF6675698EF1AD02814D9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.4118">87.4118°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437744, Alabama River at river mile 233.0, Lowndes-Autauga Counties, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C722B42B596089D34A516A576660DBF7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="32.3214">32.3214°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F11D83110E63F46B5F75F5520DFD2EA3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.8215">86.8215°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
); USNM 1437751, Alabama River 2.4 KM downstream of US Highway 84 bridge, Monroe County, Alabama (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA9CEAAA01522DAF8DB6AB121A181CA6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="31.5455">31.5455°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A16EF43B9A865FEDBDD50D40BC58E58A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-87.5367">87.5367°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="51CE93E0789CFC1384C4699EA58954C1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="88A5FC924DF3F7F0A676E59A91A1DBC5" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="093F289AF7DFA0428908BF981C86FB90" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Shell globose, larger shells elongately globose, two to three whorls, spire reduced to obsolete. Reddish brown spiral bands typically present on smaller shells, often faded on larger shells, usually four in number, often interrupted. Head-foot and mantle pigmented orange, mottled with black. Egg clutches spiral, 10-11 eggs per clutch on average, with minimal organic and/or inorganic matter incorporated into external casings.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="68AC9A1F08D3D939600A286049D508FD" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="1E8D45C68C739A044C235AEAC549077B" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Historical distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F0FDDB19B0E02C0416CDD5E6C6FF8975" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Alabama River from Claiborne, Alabama, upstream to mouth of Coosa River. Coosa River below Wetumpka.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6857316D9222D2BD8E714647BA4CCE0D" author="Goodrich, C" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publication No" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 63" title="The Anculosae of the Alabama River drainage." volume="7" year="1922">Goodrich (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BEB0253F8BA958863E56BD39844F513" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
from as far upstream as bars of the Coosa River below Wetumpka; although we have not examined any lots of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="909E9EEF1A53CB077AA04FCBF1A697C9" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Coosa River, we consider this record reliable as it is below the Fall Line. In the Cahaba River, from its confluence with the Alabama River upstream to Lily Shoals in Bibb County, Alabama.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6A6E632C83A0BD99E48295AED9F6C41" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F3226637D2B2C7B2FAF196F343380474" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Current distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F06325143F4ED129CB3DA205D11C7E1C" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Disjunct populations in the Alabama River from river mile 46.0 in Monroe-Clarke counties, upstream to approximately river mile 231.5, near the Lowndes/Dallas county line. One recently reintroduced population in the Cahaba River at Centreville, Bibb County, Alabama (P.D. Johnson unpublished data.)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="40FA92C0FB4DC1A4DA12EC90FC96B2A8" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A3AED0FAAC1D49D644E4BE1B6036883" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F4B960CF3BAC56C70790BD482D59EDFF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="01AAE461B84362F53E6D40DD065E7676" author="Baker, HB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="149 - 193" title="Type land snails in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia part III. Limnophile and thalassophile Pulmonata Part IV. Land and fresh-water Prosobranchia." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4064624" volume="116" year="1964">Baker (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
doubtfully listed ANSP
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A324C7F5FA8B4AE2D443BD1E49175320" originalValue="“120960a?”">"120960a?"</normalizedToken>
|
||
(sic, error for 120760a; now ANSP 120760) as the possible
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6D372EEEB2BCE0831D2F38DF8199570D" originalValue="“TOM”">"TOM"</normalizedToken>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F62434DE694EE5C58B0423403D7A52BF" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
from among a lot of 16 specimens. Baker stated
|
||
<normalizedToken id="52F9ACED4EA3138F489518B24BB2B0BB" originalValue="“TOM”">"TOM"</normalizedToken>
|
||
as meaning, "type because only one example was included in the original description, or was indicated by only one set of dimensions (of course the first) or by reference to a (cited) illustration(s) of only one shell, in the definition proper, exclusive of additional remarks." He considered use of this abbreviation as a "type by subsequent selection" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="835789BD73D70D5EEE7D3305609E213D" author="Baker, HB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="191 - 259" title="Type land snails in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia part II. Land Pulmonata, exclusive of North America north of Mexico." url="http://www.jstor.org/stable/406456" volume="115" year="1963">Baker 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 191). Consequently, his use of the abbreviation
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4893298EA5CEA59E2BC172FF742D2089" originalValue="“TOM”">"TOM"</normalizedToken>
|
||
could be a valid lectotype designation under certain circumstances. However, as Baker placed a question mark after the catalogue number indicating uncertainty that the specimen selected was the type by original measurement, he did not unambiguously select a specimen to act as the name bearing type as required by Art. 74.5 (ICZN) and
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="5E8B93A481B2BBCB0A1DDC39DA33A444" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" start="start">hence</pageBreakToken>
|
||
this does not constitute a valid lectotype designation. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the lot has any type status; it originated from the Wheatley collection via the University of Pennsylvania and there is no evidence on the labels or in the original ANSP ledger that the lot was obtained from Conrad. It is possible that Baker knew that Wheatley received material from Conrad, but the original label is not in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E71ABDC9C1190854244C83F023469A53" originalValue="Conrad’s">Conrad's</normalizedToken>
|
||
handwriting (G. Rosenberg, pers. comm.). Despite Conrad stating that the type material had been deposited in the ANSP, we have been unable to locate any other possible type material during several searches of the collections. USNM 12074 (Fig. 5A, B) and MCZ 294989 (Fig. 5C) both resemble the shell figured by Conrad and have labels indicating they were received from Conrad. However, both lots are accompanied by labels bearing the less-specific locality Alabama, rather than Alabama River or Alabama River at Claiborne. Moreover, as mentioned, the possible syntypes were not found in ANSP, the stated repository of the types. Consequently, it is possible that neither MCZ 294989 nor USNM 12074 are syntypical and so we refrain from designating a lectotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="297DFA5A5627B2A976D03E3B05AA42C7" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="24F021E369901F2EC60634CF7AB7E43A" author="Tryon, GW" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" title="Land and fresh-water shells of North America part IV. Streptomatidae (American melanians)." year="1873">Tryon (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DD51DB543B890B7521BC85095179C7ED" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Leptoxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoxis foremani" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="foremani">Leptoxis foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lea, 1843) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3671F1F9E07DA62DBC92F3035173784D" lsidName="L. flammata" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="flammata">L. flammata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lea, 1843) to be synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9BD8FE5CA294A8192953FB4BFA54C21D" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21D62FFDA471F5C8A9480F6131B45267" author="Burch, JB" journalOrPublisher="Walkerana" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 215" title="North American freshwater snails, species list, ranges, and illustrations." url="http://molluskconservation.org/PUBLICATIONS/WALKERANA/Vol1/walkerana%20vol1%20no3%2081-216.PDF" volume="1" year="1980">Burch and Tottenham (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
restored
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49C6D2375414523FF0B214D9716C34CB" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species status, but retained
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2C2DA62289EB8DA5EB6CD4116A0A6E46" lsidName="L. flammata" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="flammata">L. flammata</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79BDB9599B851CAC3C36CE8596BF9961" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3E6984414F1FF34C317E1C94BC3CC91" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C0F1A2D32ED76F5700947D185287985" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
are reciprocally monophyletic and valid species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BFA15C248588F2A9625D4C11AC35B0F1" author="Whelan, NV" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="85 - 95" title="Life-history traits and shell morphology in the genus Leptoxis Rafinesque, 1819 (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyu058" volume="81" year="2015">Whelan et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, based on shell morphology we here consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DB9D204EAD178641891DBD54E8C39353" lsidName="L. flammata" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="flammata">L. flammata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3200A413583E704D0E4214139E33CAD3" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be synonyms. As both were described concurrently (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C531C09E3895EACE6057D2D017D0F77A" author="Lea, I" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" pagination="241 - 243" title="Continuation of paper on freshwater shells." volume="2" year="1843">Lea 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we here take the right of First Reviser (ICZN Art. 24.2) and establish the priority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22BBFCB55E1BC23EC7C5DAD6399A9763" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
over
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E9C26B8D53277C3A755937E3D928887" lsidName="L. flammata" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="flammata">L. flammata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, making
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AB55808E355BDB63571272358554FF8" lsidName="L. flammata" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="flammata">L. flammata</taxonomicName>
|
||
a subjective junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F22BD808500B2BF0AF848C1C529D6EB0" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7AD1F3CB1E2892AFE4DDE454D4BCE4B9" class="Gastropoda" family="Pleuroceridae" genus="Leptoxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoxis zebra" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zebra">Leptoxis zebra</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Anthony, 1860) was also considered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DEE4EFC2B361F5D0B648AFCADB66F391" author="Tryon, GW" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution, Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="33" title="Land and fresh-water shells of North America part IV. Streptomatidae (American melanians)." year="1873">Tryon (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="424EAA1B37B2D99C286FD419636A6477" lsidName="L. picta" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="picta">L. picta</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the type material (MCZ 161794, see shells photographs on FigShare, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5084272.v1) resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="90B3F57C6C331255BAE4A5A0E072F69B" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, we here consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83BBAC6713C94B3D24D498FA1338968C" lsidName="L. zebra" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="zebra">L. zebra</taxonomicName>
|
||
also to be a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5710ECADC6815A6C1B7B80B8D39E2C64" lsidName="L. foremani" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="foremani">L. foremani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |