424 lines
48 KiB
XML
424 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="E56BC920E0DB01C4CE24590B20908B16" ID-CLB-Dataset="94528" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5102.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad30faa6-eab1-4dae-b686-9e5fee56f55c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6245602" ID-ZooBank="BEA963B7-F7B9-458A-92EE-A4740AC390AC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1645601333553" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S." docDate="2022" docId="03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5102.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5102 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tetraponera redacta Ward 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FF9A4D1FFFBD543D1C478336FFC13E45" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Tetraponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical region: taxonomic review and key to species" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1699316131195" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="481B2730C9DA87837E3A8D430853E6F7">The ant genus Tetraponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical region: taxonomic review and key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="07288201CD3460C1DCDE1D3BE45A71AA">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="418840B325622DBE097FB8B32675A2B3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2031EDE4F12136CFB23F8C63D2579BD0">
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<mods:date id="F2A9EB82236045A2F4C9F17069F7876C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="37639FDDE8C96A91157345B1AD92455F">2022-02-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="76C41A8806F8AD6D204E5EA9CA29814F">5102</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6C3DDA3029E63FBE3067D7EA9BBF3123" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5102.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6315508" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197227771" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6315508" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041CD083A1FE313EF4" box="[151,496,151,178]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041CD083A1FE313EF4" blockId="57.[151,496,151,213]" box="[151,496,151,178]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="D0FD331DFF8454041CD083A1FE313EF4" bold="true" box="[151,496,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041CD083A1FE313EF4" bold="true" box="[151,496,151,178]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041CD083A1FE4D3EF7" authority="Ward, 2022" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,396,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041CD083A1FE4D3EF7" bold="true" box="[151,396,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tetraponera redacta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DE518FF8454041DD483A1FE313EF4" box="[403,496,151,177]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041CD0838DFE823E90" box="[151,323,187,213]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041CD0838DFE823E90" blockId="57.[151,496,151,213]" box="[151,323,187,213]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041CD8838DFF263E90" box="[159,231,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1180,1204]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,192,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1156]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Bivariate plots of various metric measurements in Tetraponera workers. 1a, petiole height (PH) against head width (HW) in T. continua (n = 5) and T. gerdae (n = 10); 1b, postpetiole width (PPW) against head width (HW), for the same individuals; 2, scape length (SL) against head width (HW) in T. emeryi (n = 12) and T. clypeata (n = 10); 3, petiole height (PH) against length of metatibia (LHT) in T. natalensis from Kenya and Tanzania (n = 13) and T. redacta (coastal Kenya) (n = 10)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245608/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041CB3838DFED33E90" box="[244,274,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–30" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1720,1744]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,184,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1437,181,1696]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 28–30. Tetraponera natalensis group, workers, full-face (dorsal) view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 28, T. natalensis, Mozambique (CASENT0794194); 29, T. redacta, holotype, Kenya (CASENT0863363); 30, T. schulthessi, South Africa (CASENT0794193). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Matthew Prebus (28, 30), Phil Ward (29)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245645" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245645/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">29</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041D59838DFEFA3E90" box="[286,315,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 41–46" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-29@24.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 41–46. Distribution maps for Afrotropical Tetraponera. 41, T. andrei (circles), T. anthracina (triangles), T. insularis (square); 42, T. caffra (circles), T. redacta (triangles); 43, T. mocquerysi (circles), T. schulthessi (triangles); 44, T. natalensis (circles), T. setosa (triangle); 45, T. aethiops (circles), T. kosi (triangle); 46, T. latifrons (circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">42</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041CD08235FE5E3A54" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041CD08235FE6F3FCC" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041CD08235FEFE3F58" bold="true" box="[151,319,259,285]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041D088235FAD43F04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810302" accessionNumber="PSW11180" collectingDate="1990-12-17" collectionCode="NMKE" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Kenya" elevation="5" latitude="-3.3166666" location="Kilifi" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="40.016666" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="CASENT0863363" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilifi" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041D088235FDCC3F58" box="[335,525,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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||
<typeStatus id="54B13AD3FF8454041D088235FE773F58" box="[335,438,259,285]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041E598232FDAB3F5B" box="[542,618,260,286]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041E308235FD793F58" box="[631,696,259,285]" country="Kenya" name="Kilifi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kilifi</collectingRegion>
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||
: Gedi Natl. Monument,
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||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041F898235FC3D3F5B" box="[974,1020,259,286]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">
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<elevation id="00276342FF8454041F898235FC3D3F5B" box="[974,1020,259,286]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EE2B6FF845404184D8233FB953F65" box="[1034,1108,261,288]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="-3.3166666">3°19′S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EE2B6FF845404181A8233FB7A3F65" box="[1117,1211,261,288]" degrees="40" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="925" value="40.016666">40°01′E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<date id="FFB4A2B1FF84540418808235FA9C3F58" box="[1223,1373,259,286]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1990-12-17">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFF05B59FF84540418808235FA9C3F58" box="[1223,1373,259,286]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1990-12-17">17 Dec 1990</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF845404192E8232FF123F04" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">P. S. Ward</collectorName>
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PSW11180, ex dead twig of thorny vine, semideciduous forest (
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||
<specimenCode id="DBAC2C0AFF8454041F8F8211FB5B3F07" box="[968,1178,295,322]" collectionCode="CASENT" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">CASENT0863363</specimenCode>
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||
) (
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF84540418F38211FACC3F04" box="[1204,1293,295,321]" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">NMKE</collectionCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041964821EFE6B3FCC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810386" accessionNumber="PSW11180" collectingDate="1990-12-17" collectionCode="CASC, PSWC, SAMC, UCDC" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Kenya" elevation="5" latitude="-3.3166666" location="Kilifi" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="40.016666" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="CASENT0795283" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kilifi" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041964821EFA543F04" box="[1315,1429,296,321]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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||
<typeStatus id="54B13AD3FF8454041964821EFA543F04" box="[1315,1429,296,321]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
: Six workers,
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<specimenCount id="9D0C4FF8FF8454041D6A827DFEBD3F20" box="[301,380,331,357]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype (
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<specimenCode id="DBAC2C0AFF8454041EC8827DFCA23F23" box="[655,867,331,358]" collectionCode="CASENT" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">CASENT0795283</specimenCode>
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, CASENT0886923 to CASENT0886927) (
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF845404190C827DFA593F20" box="[1355,1432,331,357]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">CASC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041CD08259FF273FCC" box="[151,230,367,393]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PSWC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041CB68259FE823FCC" box="[241,323,367,393]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041D088259FE633FCC" box="[335,418,367,393]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">UCDC</collectionCode>
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||
)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041C8082A5FDF33FB0" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041C8082A5FE173FE8" bold="true" box="[199,470,403,429]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Worker measurements</emphasis>
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(n = 10). HW 0.97–1.16, HL 1.13–1.34, LHT 0.82–0.92, CI 0.80–0.91, FCI 0.08–0.11, REL 0.43–0.46, REL2 0.50–0.55, SI 0.50–0.53, SI3 0.94–1.05, FI 0.43–0.46, PLI 0.67–0.80, PWI 0.57–0.7, LHT/ HW 0.80–0.84, CSC 3–7, MSC 4–9.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041C8082C9FE5E3A54" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041C8082C9FE593C5C" bold="true" box="[199,408,511,537]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Worker diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Relatively small species, with somewhat elongate head (CI 0.80–0.91) and moderately large eyes (
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041C9D8112FECE3C7B" box="[218,271,548,574]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">REL</collectionCode>
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0.43–0.46, REL2 0.50–0.55); posterior margin of eye not attaining the level of the lateral ocelli; frontal carinae relatively closely adjacent, the minimum distance between them about 0.10× head width (
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF84540418A98171FADA3C24" box="[1262,1307,583,609]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FCI</collectionCode>
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0.08–0.11) and about one-fifth of scape length (
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<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041E6C815DFDA93CC0" box="[555,616,619,645]" country="Japan" name="Matsushima Fungus Collection" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">MFC</collectionCode>
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/SL 0.16–0.22); scapes of moderate length (SI 0.50–0.53, SI2 0.41–0.48), subequal to eye length (SI3 0.94–1.05); anterior clypeal margin broadly and weakly convex, with a short median denticle, flanked by 2–3 smaller denticles on each side, rather ill-defined (
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<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041F978185FBF13C88" box="[976,1072,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–30" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1720,1744]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,184,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1437,181,1696]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 28–30. Tetraponera natalensis group, workers, full-face (dorsal) view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 28, T. natalensis, Mozambique (CASENT0794194); 29, T. redacta, holotype, Kenya (CASENT0863363); 30, T. schulthessi, South Africa (CASENT0794193). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Matthew Prebus (28, 30), Phil Ward (29)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245645" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245645/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 29a</figureCitation>
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); profemur relatively slender (FI 0.43–0.46); mesonotum essentially indistinguishable from dorsal face of propodeum, not bounded posteriorly by a distinct transverse impression; dorsal face of propodeum flattened, laterally submarginate, longer than declivitous face and rounding insensibly into the latter; petiole relatively short and high (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF84540418528029FB803D7C" box="[1045,1089,799,825]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PLI</collectionCode>
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0.67–0.80;
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<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF845404188B8016FB313D7F" box="[1228,1264,800,826]" name="Philippines" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PH</collectingCountry>
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/HL 0.43–0.50,
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<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041CD08072FF7A3D1B" box="[151,187,836,862]" name="Philippines" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PH</collectingCountry>
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/LHT 0.62–0.73) (
|
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<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041DCA8075FE123D18" box="[397,467,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1180,1204]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,192,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1156]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Bivariate plots of various metric measurements in Tetraponera workers. 1a, petiole height (PH) against head width (HW) in T. continua (n = 5) and T. gerdae (n = 10); 1b, postpetiole width (PPW) against head width (HW), for the same individuals; 2, scape length (SL) against head width (HW) in T. emeryi (n = 12) and T. clypeata (n = 10); 3, petiole height (PH) against length of metatibia (LHT) in T. natalensis from Kenya and Tanzania (n = 13) and T. redacta (coastal Kenya) (n = 10)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245608/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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), dorsolaterally submarginate, and with an anteroventral tooth; in profile, dorsum of petiolar node more or less semicircular and with similar anterodorsal and posterodorsal faces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133198F4FF84540418938051FAF93DC7" box="[1236,1336,871,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–30" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1720,1744]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,184,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[151,1437,181,1696]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 28–30. Tetraponera natalensis group, workers, full-face (dorsal) view of head (a) and lateral profile of body (b). 28, T. natalensis, Mozambique (CASENT0794194); 29, T. redacta, holotype, Kenya (CASENT0863363); 30, T. schulthessi, South Africa (CASENT0794193). Images from AntWeb (www.antweb.org); photographers Matthew Prebus (28, 30), Phil Ward (29)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245645" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245645/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 29b</figureCitation>
|
||
); in dorsal view, petiole narrowly obovate to subtrapezoidal; postpetiole longer than broad. Head and mesosoma densely punctulate-coriarious, matte; vertex sometimes more weakly sculptured, sublucid. Standing pilosity sparse (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF84540419218099FA5C3D8C" box="[1382,1437,943,969]" country="Cuba" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12869" name="Colegio del Sagrado Corazón" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">CSC</collectionCode>
|
||
3–7, MSC 4–9, HTC+MTC 0); fine but dense pubescence covering most of body. Yellow- to orange-brown, with tip of gaster infuscated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041C80872DFB173868" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041C80872DFB173868" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041C80872DFE893A70" bold="true" box="[199,328,1051,1077]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is difficult to distinguish from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041F06872AFC0E3A70" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[833,975,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041F06872AFC0E3A70" box="[833,975,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041FBB872AFBAC3A70" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[1020,1133,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041FBB872AFBAC3A70" box="[1020,1133,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers the mesonotum is more or less fused with the dorsal face of the propodeum, and lies in the same plane as the latter, whereas in most workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041D5F8752FE663A38" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[280,423,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041D5F8752FE663A38" box="[280,423,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the mesonotum is separated from the propodeum by a distinct transverse impression and, in profile, it has a slight upward tilt anteriorly. This feature is variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041F8F87BEFB943AE4" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[968,1109,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041F8F87BEFB943AE4" box="[968,1109,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, and some workers approach the condition seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041DBD879AFDAB3A80" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[506,618,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041DBD879AFDAB3A80" box="[506,618,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041E3D879AFD2A3A80" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[634,747,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E3D879AFD2A3A80" box="[634,747,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers and queens have a relatively short and high petiole. Over its entire geographical range,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041E6D87E6FD7B3AAC" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[554,698,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E6D87E6FD7B3AAC" box="[554,698,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows sufficient variability in petiole shape to overlap that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF84540419CF87E6FF2A3B48" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF84540419CF87E6FF2A3B48" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. When considering only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041E4687C2FD4F3B48" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[513,654,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E4687C2FD4F3B48" box="[513,654,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041F7787C2FCB83B4B" box="[816,889,1268,1294]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041FEB87C5FBD53B48" box="[940,1044,1267,1293]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, adjacent to the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF845404196187C2FA543B48" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[1318,1429,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF845404196187C2FA543B48" box="[1318,1429,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differences are more pronounced and almost diagnostic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041F518621FC9A3B74" box="[790,859,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1180,1204]" captionTargetBox="[158,1422,192,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1156]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Bivariate plots of various metric measurements in Tetraponera workers. 1a, petiole height (PH) against head width (HW) in T. continua (n = 5) and T. gerdae (n = 10); 1b, postpetiole width (PPW) against head width (HW), for the same individuals; 2, scape length (SL) against head width (HW) in T. emeryi (n = 12) and T. clypeata (n = 10); 3, petiole height (PH) against length of metatibia (LHT) in T. natalensis from Kenya and Tanzania (n = 13) and T. redacta (coastal Kenya) (n = 10)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245608/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). As far as known, the distributions of the two species do not overlap:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041D3C860AFE2D3B10" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[379,492,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041D3C860AFE2D3B10" box="[379,492,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to coastal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041EA8860AFCFA3B13" box="[751,827,1340,1366]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041FCC860AFBD83B10" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[907,1049,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041FCC860AFBD83B10" box="[907,1049,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found farther inland and farther south (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133198F4FF8454041CA48669FEA63B3C" box="[227,359,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 41–46" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-29@24.[157,1430,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 41–46. Distribution maps for Afrotropical Tetraponera. 41, T. andrei (circles), T. anthracina (triangles), T. insularis (square); 42, T. caffra (circles), T. redacta (triangles); 43, T. mocquerysi (circles), T. schulthessi (triangles); 44, T. natalensis (circles), T. setosa (triangle); 45, T. aethiops (circles), T. kosi (triangle); 46, T. latifrons (circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6245661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6245661/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs 42, 44</figureCitation>
|
||
). One would be tempted, therefore, to interpret
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041FC58656FC323B3C" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[898,1011,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041FC58656FC323B3C" box="[898,1011,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as representing nothing more than an allopatric variant of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041D3F86B2FDC53BD8" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[376,516,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041D3F86B2FDC53BD8" box="[376,516,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hardly deserving recognition as a distinct species. Phylogenomic (ultra-conserved element) data show, however, that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041E62869EFD563B84" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[549,663,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E62869EFD563B84" box="[549,663,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041F8E869EFBEB3B84" baseAuthorityName="Santschi" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[969,1066,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caffra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041F8E869EFBEB3B84" box="[969,1066,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. caffra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF84540418CD869EFAD83B84" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1162,1305,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF84540418CD869EFAD83B84" box="[1162,1305,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ward, unpubl.).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041CA086FAFE843BA0" baseAuthorityName="Santschi" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[231,325,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caffra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041CA086FAFE843BA0" box="[231,325,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. caffra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in southern Africa, and can be easily distinguished from both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF845404180F86FAFB793BA0" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[1096,1208,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF845404180F86FAFB793BA0" box="[1096,1208,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF84540418AA86FAFABB3BA0" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1261,1402,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF84540418AA86FAFABB3BA0" box="[1261,1402,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its shorter scape and broader profemur (see key).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041E8686C6FCF0384C" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[705,817,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E8686C6FCF0384C" box="[705,817,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is thus genetically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF84540418D886C6FAED384C" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[1183,1324,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF84540418D886C6FAED384C" box="[1183,1324,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, despite a close similarity that is presumably attributable to either convergence or shared ancestral features.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041C808501FB7138A7" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041C808501FB7138A7" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041C808501FE2A3814" bold="true" box="[199,491,1591,1617]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Distribution and biology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041DBE850EFDA83814" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[505,617,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041DBE850EFDA83814" box="[505,617,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from coastal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF8454041FE2850EFC303817" box="[933,1009,1592,1618]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in littoral vegetation and semideciduous forest, where it has been found nesting in dead twigs of vines, a rutaceous (?) shrub, a scandent shrub, and other unidentified woody plants. In the residue vial of one collection (PSW11183) John Heraty discovered planidial larvae of a eucharitine wasp. Further study is needed of the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041FD38592FBE338F8" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" box="[916,1058,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041FD38592FBE338F8" box="[916,1058,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF845404181E8592FB0B38F8" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="2022" box="[1113,1226,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="redacta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF845404181E8592FB0B38F8" box="[1113,1226,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">T. redacta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF84540418A98592FAF638FB" box="[1262,1335,1700,1726]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
to determine if their ranges overlap. Currently the closest known populations are about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF845404185285F1FBAB38A4" box="[1045,1130,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||
apart.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C310D7FAFF8454041C8085DDFDF939FF" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB58471FF8454041C8085DDFDF939FF" blockId="57.[151,1437,259,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041C8085DDFE693940" bold="true" box="[199,424,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041DF185DDFDCD3940" box="[438,524,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041E5E85DDFDA43940" box="[537,613,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">CASC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041E2885DDFD743940" box="[623,693,1771,1797]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/sxrc-6x8s" name="Cornell University Insect Collection" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="University or college">CUIC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041EF885DDFCD03940" box="[703,785,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041F5C85DAFCB23943" box="[795,883,1772,1798]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041F3985DAFC1B3943" box="[894,986,1772,1798]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF8454041FA385DDFBF23940" box="[996,1075,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">PSWC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF845404187A85DDFB4F3940" box="[1085,1166,1771,1797]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">UCDC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1B1CB4FF84540418DF85DDFB2F3940" box="[1176,1262,1771,1797]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF84540418B885DDFDA8396C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810340" country="Kenya" elevation="20" location="Malindi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilifi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF84540418B885DDFA8C3940" bold="true" box="[1279,1357,1771,1797]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31DC4E1FF84540418B885DDFA8C3940" box="[1279,1357,1771,1797]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF845404191C85DDFA543940" box="[1371,1429,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF845404191C85DDFA543940" box="[1371,1429,1771,1797]" country="Kenya" name="Kilifi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kilifi</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A079D53FF8454041CD08439FE4A396C" box="[151,395,1807,1833]" location="Malindi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041CD08439FF1F396C" box="[151,222,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
WSW Malindi
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041DD28439FE0F396F" box="[405,462,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00276342FF8454041DD28439FE0F396F" box="[405,462,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041D9B8439FD98396C" box="[476,601,1807,1834]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ward, P. S.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041E378439FBD5396C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810446" box="[624,1044,1807,1834]" country="Kenya" elevation="20" location="Malindi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilifi">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A079D53FF8454041E378439FC85396F" box="[624,836,1807,1834]" location="Watamu" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041E378439FD68396C" box="[624,681,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Watamu
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041F098439FCB8396F" box="[846,889,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00276342FF8454041F098439FCB8396F" box="[846,889,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041FC08439FBC5396C" box="[903,1028,1807,1834]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ward, P. S.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF845404185C8439FDF6390B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810361" country="Kenya" elevation="20" location="Malindi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilifi">
|
||
Gedi Natl. Monument,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF84540419588439FA88396F" box="[1311,1353,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00276342FF84540419588439FA88396F" box="[1311,1353,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF845404191F8439FF0A3908" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ward, P. S.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041CA38405FEDC3908" box="[228,285,1843,1869]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Gedi</collectorName>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="8ED5D2AAFF8454041D248405FE7D3908" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF:8ED5D2AAFF8454041D248405FE7D3908" box="[355,444,1843,1869]" country="Kenya" name="Malindi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Kilifi">Malindi</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041D8A8405FDEA390B" box="[461,555,1843,1870]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Daly, H.</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041E008405FB2A390B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810441" box="[583,1259,1842,1870]" collectorName="Krauss, N. L. H." country="Kenya" location="Diani Beach" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041E008405FD4E3908" box="[583,655,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041E008405FD4E3908" box="[583,655,1843,1869]" country="Kenya" name="Kwale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kwale</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8ED5D2AAFF8454041ED88405FCED3908" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF:8ED5D2AAFF8454041ED88405FCED3908" box="[671,812,1843,1869]" country="Kenya" name="Diani Beach" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Kwale">Diani Beach</location>
|
||
[as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AFFF2FF8454041F2D8405FBC03908" authority="Beach" authorityName="Beach" box="[874,1025,1842,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diana">Diana Beach</taxonomicName>
|
||
”] (
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF84540418658405FB1E390B" box="[1058,1247,1843,1870]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Krauss, N. L. H.</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF84540418BC8405FDB839D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810362" country="Kenya" elevation="450" location="Kwali Forest" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF84540418BC8405FA863908" box="[1275,1351,1843,1869]" country="Kenya" name="Kwale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kwale</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF84540419138405FA5D390B" box="[1364,1436,1843,1870]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="450.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00276342FF84540419138405FA5D390B" box="[1364,1436,1843,1870]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041CE7846EFEE03934" box="[160,289,1879,1906]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ross, E. S.</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041D778461FE033937" box="[304,450,1879,1906]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Leech, R. E.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="8ED5D2AAFF8454041D9C8461FDB03937" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF:8ED5D2AAFF8454041D9C8461FDB03937" box="[475,625,1879,1906]" country="Kenya" name="Kwali Forest" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Kwale">Kwali Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF22994FF8454041E388461FD033934" box="[639,706,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mi" value="20.0">20 mi</quantity>
|
||
W
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041EA98461FC9D3934" box="[750,860,1879,1905]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041F2A8461FC763937" box="[877,951,1879,1906]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Steele</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041F898461FBA73934" box="[974,1126,1879,1905]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Maji-Chumvi</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF84540418308461FB2C3937" box="[1143,1261,1879,1906]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Wa-Nyika</collectorName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF84540419428461FA4C3934" box="[1285,1421,1879,1905]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Alluaud, C.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041CD0844DFEE839D0" box="[151,297,1915,1941]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Shimba Hills</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041D7E844DFE1839D3" box="[313,473,1915,1942]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Hölldobler, B.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041DA8844DFDB839D0" box="[495,633,1915,1941]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Simu Beach</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041EC4844DFADA39D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810324" box="[643,1307,1915,1942]" country="Kenya" location="Kwale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kwale">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041EC4844DFD0D39D0" box="[643,716,1915,1941]" country="Kenya" name="Kwale" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kwale</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041E9B844AFC9739D0" box="[732,854,1915,1942]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ross, E. S.</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041F25844DFC2F39D3" box="[866,1006,1915,1942]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Leech, R. E.</collectorName>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041844844AFB8239D0" box="[1027,1091,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041844844AFB8239D0" box="[1027,1091,1916,1941]" country="Kenya" name="Lamu" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lamu</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041817844DFB1639D0" box="[1104,1239,1915,1941]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Waboniland</collectorName>
|
||
(c.u.)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B97E5863FF8454041961844DFA5539D0" box="[1318,1428,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041961844DFA5539D0" box="[1318,1428,1915,1941]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: nr.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B628E2CFF8454041CFC84A9FDF539FF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861810335" box="[187,564,1951,1978]" collectorName="Brown, L. F." country="Kenya" location="Shanzu" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mombasa">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CE4A93FF8454041CFC84A9FEED39FC" box="[187,300,1951,1977]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ED5D2AAFF8454041D7084A9FE4839FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A33567FF8454041CD083A1FDF939FF:8ED5D2AAFF8454041D7084A9FE4839FC" box="[311,393,1951,1977]" country="Kenya" name="Shanzu" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Mombasa">Shanzu</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26FFE1A7FF8454041DDE84A9FDEA39FF" box="[409,555,1951,1978]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Brown, L. F.</collectorName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |