156 lines
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156 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d468e240-9b99-4883-9773-ce197c80d795" ID-PMC="PMC4361813" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-485-1" ID-PubMed="25829847" ID-ZBK="F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-485-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 485" ModsDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica" checkinTime="1451244611570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hansson, Christer, Smith, M. Alex, Janzen, Daniel H. & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2015" docId="B4593827878E8463B17F1EE8D9B9661A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 485: 1-236" docOrigin="ZooKeys 485" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124" docTitle="Euplectrus frontalis Howard" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="FF88FF8BFFD1FFF508211F3E69571922" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668160088334" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hansson, Christer</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>485</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>236</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-485-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152058441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B4593827878E8463B17F1EE8D9B9661A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4593827878E8463B17F1EE8D9B9661A" lastPageId="104" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Eulophidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName authority="Howard" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus frontalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">Euplectrus frontalis Howard</taxonomicName>
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Figures 716-719
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus frontalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="103" pageNumber="104" start="start">Euplectrus</pageBreakToken>
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frontalis
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</taxonomicName>
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Howard, 1885: 27. Holotype ♀ (USNM), examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Type material: ♀ holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euplectrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euplectrus frontalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">Euplectrus frontalis</taxonomicName>
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(USNM). Additional material: 1♂ (USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Lower face in male (female head missing) yellowish-brown with a narrow dark stripe between pale area and eye margin, dark stripe about as wide as
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the diameter of one torulus, and with part between antennal scrobes reddish-brown (Fig. 717); gaster in female yellowish-brown with dark brown lateral margins and with a round dark brown spot posteromedially (Fig. 718), in male with anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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white with dark brown lateral margins and posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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dark brown; legs yellowish-white (Fig. 716); dorsellum with a narrow groove along anterior margin, medially reaching ⅓ of dorsellum length; petiole 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Female. Length of body 2.5 mm (estimated as the female examined lacks head).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Head missing in holotype female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Mesosoma black and shiny (Fig. 716). Each sidelobe of mesoscutum with 12 setae. Scutellum 1.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; with engraved rather strong reticulation, meshes slightly elongate, posterior margin smooth. Dorsellum anteriorly with a narrow groove, medially 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as length of dorsellum, part behind groove with very weak reticulation. Propodeum with very weak reticulation; anteromedially with a very short and wide cup, 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide; propodeal callus with 14 setae. Legs yellowish-white (Fig. 716). Wings missing holotype female.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Gaster yellowish-brown with dark brown lateral margins and with a round dark brown spot posteromedially (Fig. 718).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Ratios. TS1/TS2/LT/LT1/LT2/LT3/LT4 = 2.7/1.5/5.7/1.3/1.2/1.0/1.7; LP/WP = 0.5; MM/LG = 1.3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Male. Length of body 2.1 mm. Antenna with scape yellowish-white, expanded apically, sensory area with same colour as remaining scape; pedicel and basal three flagellomeres yellowish-brown, apical three flagellomeres missing in examined male (Fig. 719). Mandibles and palpi yellowish-white. Head dark reddish-brown, lower face yellowish-brown with a narrow dark stripe between pale area and eye margin, dark stripe about as wide as
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the diameter of one torulus, and with part between antennal scrobes reddish-brown (Fig. 717). Frons close to eyes with two irregular rows of setae. Vertex with very weak reticulation inside ocellar triangle, outside ocellar triangle smooth. Occipital margin rounded.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Fore wing: costal cell with two irregular and sparse rows of setae on ventral surface, and margin with five setae close to marginal vein; with 17 admarginal setae, in one row.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Gaster with anterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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white with dark brown lateral margins and posterior
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Otherwise similar to female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Ratios. HE/MS/WM = 2.9/1.0/1.8; POL/OOL/POO = 6.3/3.0/1.0; OOL/DO = 0.8; WE/WF/WH/HH = 1.0/2.1/4.3/3.0; LC/WS = 3.6; WH/WT = 1.1; PM/ST = 1.4; MM/LG = 1.3.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="hosts and biology">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Hosts and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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<taxonomicName family="Noctuidae" lsidName="" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
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indet. on black walnut (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juglans nigra" order="Fagales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">Juglans nigra</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Howard, LO" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, No" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 47" title="Descriptions of North American Chalcididae from the collections of the U. S. Department of Agriculture and of Dr C. V. Riley, with biological notes. (First paper). Together with a list of the described North American species of the family." volume="5" year="1885">Howard 1885</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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USA (Virginia) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Howard, LO" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, No" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="1 - 47" title="Descriptions of North American Chalcididae from the collections of the U. S. Department of Agriculture and of Dr C. V. Riley, with biological notes. (First paper). Together with a list of the described North American species of the family." volume="5" year="1885">Howard 1885</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="104" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="104" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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The original description was based on a single female from an unknown noctuid larva collected on black walnut in September 13, 1882, Arlington Virginia. In the USNM there are two specimens, a female and a male, under
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<pageBreakToken pageId="104" pageNumber="105" start="start">this</pageBreakToken>
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name. Both are labeled "No. 2841, Sept-13-82", "Type No. 2657, U.S.N.M.". Howard does not mention any male in his description, but as the male mentioned above has the same labels as the holotype female these two specimens are very likely from the same series and are conspecific. The female lacks the head and wings, the male lacks left flagellum and apical 3 flagellomeres on the right antenna, left fore leg with only coxa and left mid leg with coxa+femur remaining, left hind leg with apical 3 tarsomeres missing.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="104" pageNumber="105">As the female lacks the head, features of the male head has been used to include the female in the key. Female and male heads are similar in some features, but the placement of the female in the key must be considered provisional until a female head is found.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |