182 lines
21 KiB
XML
182 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="D69F728FB57F087E27BE57D043C9AB94" ID-CLB-Dataset="55454" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5138.4.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1943a2ba-2a89-42c2-b92a-1f2c61c0f698" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6571797" ID-ZooBank="B3E88671-1A44-4529-85B9-44887CADC896" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1653289569616" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chatterjee, Tapas, Sautya, Sabyasachi, Dovgal, Igor & Gaikwad, Santosh" docDate="2022" docId="03E20A79FFFEFFB5FF0B30A5FBD3F810" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5138.4.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5138 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acinetopsis lynni Baldrighi 2020" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="497" masterDocId="FFDB7201FFFAFFB0FF9C307AFF80FFFC" masterDocTitle="Report of suctorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibionts on meiobenthic nematodes in an oxygen minimum zone of the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="500" masterPageNumber="492" pageNumber="496" updateTime="1699337919604" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="79CA78FAE9DDE02861990C6F73997DE6">
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<mods:title id="D2192B14FE97B6FB5744D64C92CD8BE1">Report of suctorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Suctorea) as epibionts on meiobenthic nematodes in an oxygen minimum zone of the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9358BF6FF6DDF95466C95026E27A8B0F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="73C7F167CB5F037AD78CCA441E2409D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="495319B64CB52E26A6895196219909B3">Chatterjee, Tapas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5CA4E8FF58BFC705A8AEB0943338E25B">Near Hari Mandir Road, Hirapur, Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="772BAF9E0B634E446BCB97AB8D06064B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B4610E256174AC8000C2F60752C66750">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="89C5EDB7FD106D9B53B80F6D1921DE60">Sautya, Sabyasachi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B66F4B2E2900F2777425F3387DD8F19">Laboratory for Benthic Ecological Trait Analysis (L-BETA), Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Mumbai- 400053, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B30EC480FBBF828F16196E971AE0349">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="891DD0C6EB31CD3180235C1AE0CB34FB">Dovgal, Igor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="639DC7446EB5EDED13D17B7B8943FD09" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3876-233X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C6794B2C8AE7E055953AB9E4FFC7DCB">A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 2, Nakhimov ave., Sevastopol, 299011, Russia. dovgal- 1954 @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3876 - 233 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED69ECFDDE19DB897DCB50094789931A" type="email">dovgal-1954@mail.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F2CA65583B81F4935BA505D1AE3F047D">Gaikwad, Santosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4B3E75D9A3590F1FDD0A0A63C79E3145">Laboratory for Benthic Ecological Trait Analysis (L-BETA), Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, RegionalCentre, Mumbai- 400053, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="EF7648A1E475E53089B66673EE3D9049">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BACB6AB12C19D9C331574905E4A08592">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D7C7DEB0B6D1869C2C5ABD2D874690B0">2022-05-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D33A45B1D56702947AFBA7D10C8BB7E1">5138</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="12D3E7DB48DF6644209ACDF7B7E1597D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5138.4.9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E20A79FFFEFFB5FF0B30A5FBD3F810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6571809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195578607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6571809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E20A79FFFEFFB5FF0B30A5FBD3F810" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E20A79FFFEFFB5FF0B30A5FBD3F810" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<subSubSection id="C351E8E4FFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FDF1FF05" box="[151,625,223,250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FDF1FF05" blockId="4.[151,625,223,285]" box="[151,625,223,250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<heading id="D0BC0C03FFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FDF1FF05" bold="true" box="[151,625,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FDF1FF05" authority="Baldrighi et al., 2020" authorityName="Baldrighi" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,625,223,250]" class="Kinetofragminophora" family="Acinetopsidae" genus="Acinetopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Suctorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FDF1FF05" bold="true" box="[151,625,223,250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FF0B30A5FEE7FF06" bold="true" box="[151,359,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Acinetopsis lynni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAC69EFFFEFFB4FEF230A5FDF1FF05" author="Baldrighi, E. & Dovgal, I. & Zeppilli, D. & Abibulaeva, A. & Michelet, C. & Michaud, E. & Franzo, A. & Grassi, E. & Cesaroni, L. & Guidi, L. & Balsamo, M. & Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F." box="[366,625,223,250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref3187" refString="Baldrighi, E., Dovgal, I., Zeppilli, D., Abibulaeva, A., Michelet, C., Michaud, E., Franzo, A., Grassi, E., Cesaroni, L., Guidi, L., Balsamo, M., Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F. (2020) The cost for biodiversity: records of ciliate - nematode epibiosis with the description of three new suctorian species. Diversity, 12 (6), Article No. 224, 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12060224" type="book chapter" year="2020">
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Baldrighi
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FE7130A5FDA0FF06" bold="true" box="[493,544,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">et al</emphasis>
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., 2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C351E8E4FFFEFFB4FF0B3179FE9DFEE1" box="[151,285,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFEFFB4FF0B3179FE9DFEE1" blockId="4.[151,625,223,285]" box="[151,285,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1370A7EAFFFEFFB4FF3C3179FE95FEE1" box="[160,277,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-69@4.[151,1436,417,1824]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3A, B. Acinetopsis lynni Baldrighi et al., 2020 attached on nematode hosts, C–F. Manified views of Acinetopsis lynni." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6571807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6571807/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Fig. 3A–F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C351E8E4FFFEFFB5FF0B3131FCCEFEE1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFEFFB4FF0B3131FAE4FE75" blockId="4.[151,1436,331,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FF0B3131FE02FE99" bold="true" box="[151,386,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Material examined:</emphasis>
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Twenty ciliate specimens were found attached with
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<specimenCount id="9D4D70E6FFFEFFB4FC593131FBCFFE99" box="[965,1103,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="female">eight female</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFEFFB4FBC93131FB7EFE9A" box="[1109,1278,331,358]" class="Adenophorea" family="Desmodoridae" genus="Desmodora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FBC93131FB58FE99" box="[1109,1240,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Desmodora</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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and sixty ciliate specimens were found attached with
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<specimenCount id="9D4D70E6FFFEFFB4FDC13115FD56FE75" box="[605,726,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" type="male">nine males</specimenCount>
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of the same species from
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<quantity id="4CB3168AFFFEFFB4FC663115FBC1FE76" box="[1018,1089,367,394]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.02" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" unit="m" value="202.0">202 m</quantity>
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depth of the Arabian Sea.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF34EBE7FFFEFFB4FF0B3742FF50F888" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6571807" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6571807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6571807/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" startId="4.[151,250,1848,1872]" targetBox="[151,1436,417,1824]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFEFFB4FF0B3742FF50F888" blockId="4.[151,1436,1848,1908]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FF0B3742FEC8F8AC" bold="true" box="[151,328,1848,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">FIGURE 3A, B.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFEFFB4FECE3743FD6CF8AC" authority="Baldrighi et al., 2020" authorityName="Baldrighi" authorityYear="2020" box="[338,748,1848,1872]" class="Kinetofragminophora" family="Acinetopsidae" genus="Acinetopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Suctorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FECE3743FD82F8AC" box="[338,514,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Acinetopsis lynni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAC69EFFFEFFB4FD973742FD6CF8AC" author="Baldrighi, E. & Dovgal, I. & Zeppilli, D. & Abibulaeva, A. & Michelet, C. & Michaud, E. & Franzo, A. & Grassi, E. & Cesaroni, L. & Guidi, L. & Balsamo, M. & Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F." box="[523,748,1848,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref3187" refString="Baldrighi, E., Dovgal, I., Zeppilli, D., Abibulaeva, A., Michelet, C., Michaud, E., Franzo, A., Grassi, E., Cesaroni, L., Guidi, L., Balsamo, M., Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F. (2020) The cost for biodiversity: records of ciliate - nematode epibiosis with the description of three new suctorian species. Diversity, 12 (6), Article No. 224, 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12060224" type="book chapter" year="2020">
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Baldrighi
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FDE83743FD23F8AC" box="[628,675,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">et al</emphasis>
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., 2020
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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attached on nematode hosts,
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FBB83742FBD6F8AC" bold="true" box="[1060,1110,1848,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">C–F.</emphasis>
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Manified views of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFEFFB4FABB3743FF4AF888" class="Kinetofragminophora" family="Acinetopsidae" genus="Acinetopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Suctorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="496" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FABB3743FF4AF888" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Acinetopsis lynni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFEFFB5FF5B37D8FCCEFEE1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1954,2017]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="497" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFEFFB4FF5B37D8FE20F840" bold="true" box="[199,416,1954,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="496">Brief Description:</emphasis>
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Marine suctorian ciliate enclosed in stalked lorica. The cellbody is attached to the bottom of lorica, which fills about two thirds or three fours of it. The apical surface of the cell is somewhat concave down. Lorica elongate, slightly flattened, smooth. Stalk, short, straight, some extended upward, very weakly longitudinally striated, with the adhesive disc. There are 6–7 extremely contractive, long, agile tentacles (in investigating individuals all tentacles were contracted). Macronucleus ovoid, positioned near foot of the body. Reproduction by endogenous budding with the formation of a single protomite.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C351E8E4FFFFFFB5FF5B315DFDFAFE75" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFFFFB5FF5B315DFDFAFE75" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FF5B315DFB8EFEBC" bold="true" box="[199,1038,294,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Measurements from present find (in µm, based on four individuals):</emphasis>
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Lorica length 53–77; lorica width 17–24; body length 47–58; body width 16–22; stalk length 5–8; macronucleus length 7–11; macronucleus width 4–6; length of the contracted tentacles 4–7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C351E8E4FFFFFFB5FF5B31E9FBD3F810" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFFFFB5FF5B31E9FE45FD9D" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FF5B31E9FEB4FE51" bold="true" box="[199,308,403,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Remarks</emphasis>
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: In the present observation total of 80
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<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFFFFB5FD6731E9FC3DFE51" box="[763,957,403,429]" class="Kinetofragminophora" family="Acinetopsidae" genus="Acinetopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Suctorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
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<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FD6731E9FC3DFE51" box="[763,957,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Acinetopsis lynni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens are found attached to 17 individuals of the host (
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<tableCitation id="C6C98ED4FFFFFFB5FEE831CDFE4CFE2D" box="[372,460,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="6.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[166,1419,227,936]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE. 2. Quantative analysis on place of attachment of ciliate Acinetopsis lynni at various body parts (anterior, middle and posterior part) of nematode hosts." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF34EBE7FFFCFFB6FF0B30EDFDACFF2F" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" tableUuid="DF34EBE7FFFCFFB6FF0B30EDFDACFF2F">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). The place of attachment was shown in Pie diagram (
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<figureCitation id="1370A7EAFFFFFFB5FBB631CDFBEEFE2D" box="[1066,1134,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1367,647,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-217@5.[204,1384,633,1800]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pie diagram showing percentage of Acinetopsis lynni infestation at anterior, middle and posterior body parts of nematode hosts." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6571811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6571811/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) giving information on the percentage of infestation at anterior, middle and posterior body parts of the nematode host. It was found that 11% ciliates were attached on the anterior part of the body while, attachment on middle and posterior parts was 54% and 34%, respectively.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDAC69EFFFFFFB5FEF73259FDE4FDC1" author="Baldrighi, E. & Dovgal, I. & Zeppilli, D. & Abibulaeva, A. & Michelet, C. & Michaud, E. & Franzo, A. & Grassi, E. & Cesaroni, L. & Guidi, L. & Balsamo, M. & Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F." box="[363,612,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref3187" refString="Baldrighi, E., Dovgal, I., Zeppilli, D., Abibulaeva, A., Michelet, C., Michaud, E., Franzo, A., Grassi, E., Cesaroni, L., Guidi, L., Balsamo, M., Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F. (2020) The cost for biodiversity: records of ciliate - nematode epibiosis with the description of three new suctorian species. Diversity, 12 (6), Article No. 224, 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12060224" type="book chapter" year="2020">
|
||
Baldrighi
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FE473259FD8BFDC1" box="[475,523,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the attachment of this species on the host body at the middle part and tail region of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF34EBE7FFFFFFB5FF0B375AFEBBF8A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6571811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6571811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6571811/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" startId="5.[151,250,1824,1848]" targetBox="[228,1367,647,1785]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFFFFB5FF0B375AFEBBF8A0" blockId="5.[151,1436,1824,1884]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FF0B375AFE95F8C4" bold="true" box="[151,277,1824,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Pie diagram showing percentage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFFFFB5FD0F375AFCC3F8C4" box="[659,835,1824,1848]" class="Kinetofragminophora" family="Acinetopsidae" genus="Acinetopsis" kingdom="Chromista" order="Suctorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lynni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FD0F375AFCC3F8C4" box="[659,835,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Acinetopsis lynni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infestation at anterior, middle and posterior body parts of nematode hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFFFFB5FF5B37F0FCFAF834" blockId="5.[151,1437,1930,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">
|
||
This species was earlier reported as epibiont on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4BC0ECFFFFFFB5FD4637F0FC02F859" box="[730,898,1930,1957]" class="Adenophorea" family="Desmodoridae" genus="Desmodora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Desmodorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FD4637F0FCDDF858" box="[730,861,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">Desmodora</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found attached to the middle part and tail region from the Gulf of Naples-shallow vent area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAC69EFFFFFFB5FD1C37D4FCEFF834" author="Baldrighi, E. & Dovgal, I. & Zeppilli, D. & Abibulaeva, A. & Michelet, C. & Michaud, E. & Franzo, A. & Grassi, E. & Cesaroni, L. & Guidi, L. & Balsamo, M. & Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F." box="[640,879,1966,1993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref3187" refString="Baldrighi, E., Dovgal, I., Zeppilli, D., Abibulaeva, A., Michelet, C., Michaud, E., Franzo, A., Grassi, E., Cesaroni, L., Guidi, L., Balsamo, M., Sandulli, R. & Semprucci, F. (2020) The cost for biodiversity: records of ciliate - nematode epibiosis with the description of three new suctorian species. Diversity, 12 (6), Article No. 224, 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12060224" type="book chapter" year="2020">
|
||
Baldrighi
|
||
<emphasis id="B93F677DFFFFFFB5FD6F37D5FCA4F834" box="[755,804,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF4BB6FFFFFFFB5FF5B37A8FBD3F810" blockId="5.[151,1437,1930,2029]" box="[199,1107,2002,2029]" pageId="5" pageNumber="497">This is the first report of this species from the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |