400 lines
48 KiB
XML
400 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="2B3FC1F2E6A3C5DA2D41FDFFB562620C" ID-CLB-Dataset="8107" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2020.29" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de370c5d-f931-48e0-b4ed-3803bc22f2a4" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4489408" ID-ZooBank="5CF7D8D7-2AEF-4AFB-9DB2-80A8FB525144" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612221645004" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kato, Daichi, Nakamura, Takeyuki & Tachi, Takuji" docDate="2020" docId="03C4F90D7457FFA1FC1F44E8FD58F985" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPrag.60.2.449-461.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Epiphragma (Epiphragma) trichomerum Alexander 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="FFFD8175745DFFADFF94422CFFA1FD70" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study of the genus Epiphragma of Japan (Diptera: Limoniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="461" masterPageNumber="449" pageNumber="459" updateTime="1698926196176" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0E6EF1F38D0DF3975334E4606A5EE722">
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<mods:title id="5BF3CA473A140B6F3DA1705F79D7AA0C">Taxonomic study of the genus Epiphragma of Japan (Diptera: Limoniidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="A767FB947A0B2B3256E0F964D42170A0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="481745CF1A63A96C0D1AB194822874A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="24C2FCD9479BE4B33A1B1323239D697B">Kato, Daichi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DF867EB4A017B47475AF80EE759995A">Echigo-Matsunoyama Museum of Natural Sicences, ‘ Kyororo’, 1712 - & Matsunoyama, Tôkamachi, 942 - 1411, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="FC149BB283A99515C8166153A3F51751">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="783B9331F4AA8C7B74B8F3F7EF404268">Nakamura, Takeyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DC293E9CBCC60732139A6424A70DCC8">The Shirakami Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7ED5B1200B9C5ABD5E9BC271F666D3A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6B359EBBFF4F9F3399337B4AE5781DBC">Tachi, Takuji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D164CFEEE8C6D4DA5EA0EB7B3DCCFB89">Matsunoyama, Tôkamachi, 942 - 1411, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E933F2B838CE5ACED9766B23F61D74A3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CF7EC9583E9E17D1300A9A24A156B386">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="683509FA6050DA76BA1D077FFAFCB198">
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<mods:date id="0FE73EC97818885CBF134EF8AF837E08">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="61EDB12E007EA444DD8BF5BFB471C7EA">2020-08-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B249CEE200C846420FBE029ED0E024AA">60</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3B6AFB66AABEB8EC20EFE950D6398F58">449</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03C4F90D7457FFA1FC1F44E8FD58F985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4550949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177426660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4550949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C4F90D7457FFA1FC1F44E8FD58F985" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C4F90D7457FFA1FC1F44E8FD58F985" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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<subSubSection id="C3771B907457FFA7FC1F44E8FB66FB8C" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FC1F44E8FB66FB8C" blockId="10.[907,1357,1732,1788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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<heading id="D09AFF777457FFA7FC1F44E8FB66FB8C" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987457FFA7FC1F44E8FB66FB8C" ID-CoL="6FV8D" authority="Alexander, 1955" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomerum" subGenus="Epiphragma">
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||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FC1F44E8FB66FB8C" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FC1F44E8FBB4FBAC" bold="true" box="[907,1045,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FBB044E8FB0FFBAC" bold="true" box="[1060,1198,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FB2944E8FAECFBAC" bold="true" box="[1213,1357,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">trichomerum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7457FFA7FB8544C9FB66FB8C" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[1041,1223,1765,1788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" pagination="263 - 306" refId="ref11815" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1955: Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part IV. The crane-flies of Shikoku. IV. Philippine Journal of Science 83: 263 - 306." type="journal article" year="1955">Alexander, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907457FFA7FBB1452FFB12FA66" box="[1061,1203,1795,1814]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FBB1452FFB12FA66" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" box="[1061,1203,1795,1814]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1356549E7457FFA7FBBF452FFB2FFA66" box="[1067,1166,1795,1814]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Figs 37–43</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1356549E7457FFA7FB02452FFB0DFA66" box="[1174,1196,1795,1814]" captionStart="Figs 44–47" captionStartId="11.[151,188,2030,2049]" captionTargetBox="[175,1373,1137,1999]" captionTargetId="figure-553@11.[175,1412,1123,2015]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 44–47. Distributions of Epiphragma species in Japan. 44 – E. gracilistylus Alexander, 1933; 45 – E. amamiense sp. nov. (blue) and E. subfascipenne Alexander, 1920 (red); 46 – E. kempi (blue) and E. subinsigne Alexander, 1920 (red); 47 – E. trichomerum Alexander, 1955." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489437/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">47</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907457FFA7FCA8450AFC65FAF9" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FCA8450AFBDCFA23" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7D6F357457FFA7FCA8450AFBDCFA23" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACC6E0A7457FFA7FCA8450AFB78FA49" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[828,1241,1830,1849]" page="286" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" year="1955">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987457FFA7FCA8450AFB78FA49" authority="Alexander, 1955: 286" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="286" authorityYear="1955" box="[828,1241,1830,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomera">
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<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FCA8450AFBB1FA49" box="[828,1040,1830,1849]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma trichomera</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7457FFA7FB82450AFB78FA49" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[1046,1241,1830,1849]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" pagination="263 - 306" refId="ref11815" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1955: Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part IV. The crane-flies of Shikoku. IV. Philippine Journal of Science 83: 263 - 306." type="journal article" year="1955">Alexander, 1955: 286</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54D6F6B97457FFA7FB70450AFAAEFA49" box="[1252,1295,1830,1849]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7457FFA7FAF2450AFA38FA49" box="[1382,1433,1830,1849]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Japan</collectingCountry>
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||
, Shikoku,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97457FFA7FC38456CFC47FA23" box="[940,998,1856,1875]" country="Japan" name="Ehime" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Ehime</collectingRegion>
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, Mt. Saragamine.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FCA84577FC65FAF9" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987457FFA7FCA84577FBABFA1E" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" box="[828,1034,1883,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subinsignis">
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<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FCA84577FBABFA1E" box="[828,1034,1883,1902]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma subinsignis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(misidentification, non
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7457FFA7FB5B4577FAFFFA1E" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[1231,1374,1883,1902]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref11534" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1920: New or little-known crane-flies from Japan (Tipulidae, Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 46: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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): E SΑki (1932: 199).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907457FFA7FCA845BCFAAFFACE" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FCA845BCFA36FAD3" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" box="[828,1431,1936,1955]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987457FFA7FCA845BCFB28FAD3" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1955" box="[828,1161,1936,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomera" subGenus="Epiphragma">
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||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FCA845BCFC06FAD3" box="[828,935,1936,1955]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FC2745BCFBBFFAD3" box="[947,1054,1936,1955]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FBBE45BCFB28FAD3" box="[1066,1161,1936,1955]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">trichomera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: SΑ vCΗΕΝkο et al. (1992: 215).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FCA84587FAAFFACE" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" box="[828,1294,1963,1982]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987457FFA7FCA84587FBBBFACE" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1955" box="[828,1050,1963,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomerum">
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||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FCA84587FBBBFACE" box="[828,1050,1963,1982]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Epiphragma trichomerum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
: Oο SΤΕ*R*ô*R οΕk (2019).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907457FFA6FCA845F9FE34FFC0" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7457FFA7FCA845F9FC34F56D" blockId="10.[828,1437,1795,2077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FCA845F9FBBCFA98" bold="true" box="[828,1053,2005,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D6F6B97457FFA7FCA845F9FCC8FA98" box="[828,873,2005,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
HοLοΤYΡΕ: ♁ (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7457FFA7FB3745F9FB44FA98" box="[1187,1253,2005,2024]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097457FFA7FB6745F9FA3CFA98" bold="true" box="[1267,1437,2005,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7457FFA7FB6745F9FA9AFA98" box="[1267,1339,2005,2024]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: SΗIĸOĸU:
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
Iyo (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97457FFA7FCF345C3FC05F572" box="[871,932,2031,2050]" country="Japan" name="Ehime" pageId="10" pageNumber="459">Ehime</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Mount Saragamine, altitude 1200 meters,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7457FFA7FAA745C3FA38F572" box="[1331,1433,2031,2050]" pageId="10" pageNumber="459" value="1953-07-25">25.vii.1953</date>
|
||
, Kusunoki.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA6FF034291FE34FFC0" blockId="11.[151,761,183,688]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FF034291FDC3FDA0" bold="true" box="[151,610,189,208]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Non-type specimens examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7456FFA6FE2E4291FDA3FDA0" box="[442,514,189,208]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
: HOΝ SΗU:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
2 ♁♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FD314291FD55FDA0" box="[677,756,189,208]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Ishikawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Hakusan-shi, Chugu,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FEC742F4FE14FD9B" box="[339,437,216,235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2011-07-23">23.vii.2011</date>
|
||
, T. Nakamura (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FDA842F4FDD3FD9B" box="[572,626,216,235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SIHU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FD2442F4FD54FD9B" box="[688,757,216,235]" country="Japan" name="Nagano" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Nagano</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Ueda-shi, Sugarairakôgen,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FE1542DFFE45FC76" box="[385,484,243,262]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2012-07-14">14.vii.2012</date>
|
||
, D. Kato (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FDAA42DFFDDCFC76" box="[574,637,243,262]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">BLKU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♁♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FD5642DFFD53FC76" box="[706,754,239,262]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FF034321FF7BFC50" box="[151,218,269,288]" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Tochigi</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Kuriyama-mura, Dorobu,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FE564321FD84FC50" box="[450,549,269,288]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="1994-07-24">24.vii.1994</date>
|
||
, T. Nakamura (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FD3C4321FD7DFC50" box="[680,732,269,288]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SIHU</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FD794321FF06FC4C" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Shimotsuke (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FEB24304FECAFC4B" box="[294,363,296,315]" country="Japan" name="Tochigi" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Tochigi</collectingRegion>
|
||
), Kawamata,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FE774304FDE6FC4B" box="[483,583,296,315]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="1923-07-23">23.vii.1923</date>
|
||
, T. Esaki (specimen identified by C. P. Alexander as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FE3F436FFD10FC26" authority="Alexamder, 1920" authorityName="Alexamder" authorityYear="1920" box="[427,689,323,342]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subinsigis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FE3F436FFDB9FC26" box="[427,536,323,342]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. subinsigis</emphasis>
|
||
Alexamder,
|
||
<quantity id="4C95E5FE7456FFA6FD12436FFD10FC26" box="[646,689,323,342]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8768" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" unit="in" value="1920.0">1920</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1923 /
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FF374371FF41FC00" box="[163,224,349,368]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">ELKU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 5 ♁♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FEBD4371FE28FC00" box="[297,393,349,368]" country="Japan" name="Yamanashi" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Yamanashi</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Sutama-chô, Matsutomi Spa,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FD054371FD54FC00" box="[657,757,349,368]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="1997-07-16">16.vii.1997</date>
|
||
, T. Nakamura (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FE854354FEE6FCFB" box="[273,327,376,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SIHU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FEEB4354FE7EFCFB" box="[383,479,376,395]" country="Japan" name="Yamanashi" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Yamanashi</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Kôshu-shi, Enzankamihagihara, Kaminichikawa-tôge Pass,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FEEA43BFFE77FCD6" box="[382,470,403,422]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2014-07-08">8.vii.2014</date>
|
||
, D. Kato (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FDBF43BFFDCBFCD6" box="[555,618,403,422]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">BLKU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FDE343BFFD71FCD6" bold="true" box="[631,720,403,422]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SΗIĸOĸU:</emphasis>
|
||
1♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FF034381FF56FCB0" box="[151,247,429,448]" country="Japan" name="Tokushima" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Tokushima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,Miyoshi-shi, Higashiiya-Ochiai, near Matsuogawa Dam,Alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4C95E5FE7456FFA6FF0343E4FF70FCAB" box="[151,209,456,475]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FF4E43E4FEE2FCAB" box="[218,323,456,475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-08-10">10.viii.2015</date>
|
||
, D. Kato (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FE0A43E4FE7CFCAB" box="[414,477,456,475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">BLKU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FE7843E4FD9EFCAB" bold="true" box="[492,575,456,475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">K Y U SΗU:</emphasis>
|
||
1 ♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FDFF43E4FD3DFCAC" box="[619,668,453,476]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FD3C43E4FD54FCAB" box="[680,757,456,475]" country="Japan" name="Fukuoka" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Fukuoka</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Soeda-machi, Mt. Hiko-san,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FE0C43CFFE5AFC86" box="[408,507,483,502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="1992-07-17">17.vii.1992</date>
|
||
, T. Nakamura (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FD1C43CFFD1EFC86" box="[648,703,483,502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SIHU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FF0343D1FF45FF60" box="[151,228,509,528]" country="Japan" name="Fukuoka" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Fukuoka</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Fukuoka-shi, Sawara-ku, Itaya, Mt. Sefuri-san,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FD1643D1FD7BFF60" box="[642,730,509,528]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-07-03">3.vii.2015</date>
|
||
, D. Kato (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FF594034FEADFF5B" box="[205,268,536,555]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">BLKU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FED64034FED3FF5C" box="[322,370,533,556]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FD144034FD45FF5B" box="[640,740,536,555]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-07-10">10.vii.2015</date>
|
||
; 1 ♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FF39401FFF6EFF36" box="[173,207,559,582]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FE4B401FFDE2FF36" box="[479,579,563,582]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-07-24">24.vii.2015</date>
|
||
; 1 ♁
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FDE0401FFD37FF36" box="[628,662,559,582]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same data as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FEDC4061FE11FF10" box="[328,432,589,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-07-30">30.vii.2015</date>
|
||
; 1 ♁, same data as previous except
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FF034044FEA1FF0B" box="[151,256,616,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-08-14">14.viii.2015</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6B83927456FFA6FE9C4044FE86FF0C" box="[264,295,613,636]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FEA44044FEF6FF0B" box="[304,343,616,635]" country="Japan" name="Oita" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Ôita</collectingRegion>
|
||
,Yufu-shi, Syonai-chô, Oike Pond,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FDE94044FD41FF0B" box="[637,736,616,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="1997-07-17">17.vii.1997</date>
|
||
, T. Tachi (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FF4640AFFEA9FFE6" box="[210,264,643,662]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">SIHU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♁,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A986F97456FFA6FED640AFFE34FFE6" box="[322,405,643,662]" country="Japan" name="Miyazaki" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Miyazaki</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Gokase-cho, Kuraoka, Gokase Ski Area,
|
||
<date id="FFD36EDB7456FFA6FF0340B1FF55FFC0" box="[151,244,669,688]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" value="2015-06-28">28.vi.2015</date>
|
||
, D. Kato (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CD0DE7456FFA6FED840B1FE2AFFC0" box="[332,395,669,688]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">BLKU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907456FFA1FF0340F4FDD2FF85" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA6FF0340F4FED4FE7F" blockId="11.[151,760,727,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FF0340F4FE2BFF9F" bold="true" box="[151,394,727,751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Redescription.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FEDD40FBFE23FF9F" bold="true" box="[329,386,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Male</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C95E5FE7456FFA6FDB340F4FD0EFF9F" box="[551,687,728,751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.149999999999999" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="8.149999999999999" valueMax="9.2" valueMin="7.1">7.1–9.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing length 8.3–10.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA6FF214134FEF2FEBF" blockId="11.[151,760,727,1071]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Head brown to dark brown with weak grey pruinescence; vertex with dark central line, strongly widened at middle; antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown to brown; flagellomeres 1–2 yellow, following flagellomeres slightly darkened toward antennal end; palpus and mouth parts dark brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA6FF2141F4FACAFE05" blockId="11.[151,760,727,1071]" lastBlockId="11.[828,1437,190,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Thorax with mesonotum yellowish to brown, darkened at anterior margin, lateral sides; area anterodorsal to prescutal pit with weak grey pruinescence; when viewed dorsally, pruinescence indistinct on anterior half of prescutum; prescutum with four darker stripes, sometimes weakened and extending anteriorly to middle of prescutum; postsutural area largely darkened at middle; mediotergite brown with V-shaped lighter area; pleuron dark brown, mottled with darker areas and grey pruinescence. Legs with coxae and trochanters brown, fore coxa with dark area at middle, mid and hind coxae with dark area on lower half; femora, tibiae and tarsi yellow to yellowish brown; each femur with brown band near tip, 0.5–1.5 times as long as width of femur. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7456FFA6FBA243D2FB27FF65" box="[1078,1158,510,533]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
) 3.3–3.6 times as long as wide, greyish subhyaline with dark brown markings of even colouration; markings interrupted transversely at basal 1/2 and/or 3/4 of wing, three sections of markings sometimes partly fused; circular marking enclosing base of Rs with distinct marking inside it; markings at both sides of inner and outer ends of cell d with small subhyaline areas; cell d with three subhyaline areas; cell sc often with small subhyaline spot at distal end; spots at tips of veins near wing tip usually fused at bases with adjacent ones; variation of development of wing marking large in same locality. Halter dusky yellow with dark band at base of knob.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA1FCCE4152FE28FC25" blockId="11.[828,1437,190,1077]" lastBlockId="12.[151,761,190,1269]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Abdomen dark brown, with weak grey pruinescence, denser at posterior margin of each segment; sternites slightly paler than tergites, each segment darkened along lateral margins; sternite 8 dark brown. Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7456FFA6FAD141F2FA34FE85" box="[1349,1429,990,1013]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
) with tergite 9 bearing pair of small rounded median lobes at posterior margin; sternite 9 flattened, without tubercle, middle of posterior margin concaved into U-shape; gonostyli large, about 1/2 length of gonocoxite; interbase (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7451FFA1FD5942F2FF12FC65" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
) with long and S-shaped rod, extending beyond tip of aedeagus and reaching tip of gonocoxite; base of interbase much shorter than rod.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1218937456FFA6FF0345C2FB1CF56C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4489437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489437/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" startId="11.[151,188,2030,2049]" targetBox="[175,1373,1137,1999]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7456FFA6FF0345C2FB1CF56C" blockId="11.[151,1436,2030,2076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">
|
||
Figs 44–47. Distributions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FE1C45C2FE52F571" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1860" box="[392,499,2030,2049]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FE1C45C2FE52F571" box="[392,499,2030,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">Epiphragma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in Japan. 44 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FD2445C2FC62F571" authority="Alexander, 1933" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1933" box="[688,963,2030,2049]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FD2445C2FC91F571" box="[688,816,2030,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. gracilistylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7456FFA6FCA145C2FC62F571" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[821,963,2030,2049]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" pagination="131 - 166" refId="ref11630" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1933: New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XV. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 131 - 166." type="journal article" year="1933">Alexander, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 45 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FC6745C2FBCBF571" authority="Kato & Nakamura & Tachi, 2020" authorityName="Kato & Nakamura & Tachi" authorityYear="2020" box="[1011,1130,2030,2049]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amamiense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FC6745C2FBCBF571" box="[1011,1130,2030,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. amamiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22A29727456FFA6FBFA45C2FB11F571" box="[1134,1200,2030,2049]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(blue) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FA9945C2FE84F56C" authority="Alexander, 1920" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subfascipenne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FA9945C2FA3DF571" box="[1293,1436,2030,2049]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. subfascipenne</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7456FFA6FF034A25FE84F56C" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[151,293,2057,2076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref11534" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1920: New or little-known crane-flies from Japan (Tipulidae, Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 46: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(red); 46 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FE1D4A25FE75F56C" authorityName="Brunetti" authorityYear="1913" box="[393,468,2057,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kempi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FE1D4A25FE75F56C" box="[393,468,2057,2076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. kempi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(blue) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FDA24A25FC9BF56C" authority="Alexander, 1920" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1920" box="[566,826,2057,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subinsigne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FDA24A25FD09F56C" box="[566,680,2057,2076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. subinsigne</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7456FFA6FD394A25FC9BF56C" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[685,826,2057,2076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref11534" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1920: New or little-known crane-flies from Japan (Tipulidae, Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 46: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1920">Alexander, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(red); 47 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987456FFA6FC0B4A25FB19F56C" authority="Alexander, 1955" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1955" box="[927,1208,2057,2076]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097456FFA6FC0B4A25FB85F56C" box="[927,1060,2057,2076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="460">E. trichomerum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7456FFA6FBBD4A25FB19F56C" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[1065,1208,2057,2076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="460" pagination="263 - 306" refId="ref11815" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1955: Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part IV. The crane-flies of Shikoku. IV. Philippine Journal of Science 83: 263 - 306." type="journal article" year="1955">Alexander, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7451FFA1FF214371FD7AFCE5" blockId="12.[151,761,190,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF214371FEACFC05" bold="true" box="[181,269,349,373]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF214371FEA7FC05" bold="true" box="[181,262,349,373]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Female</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C95E5FE7451FFA1FE004372FDBEFC05" box="[404,543,350,373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.649999999999999" metricValueMax="11.1" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="9.649999999999999" valueMax="11.1" valueMin="8.2">8.2–11.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wing length 8.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C95E5FE7451FFA1FD4C4372FF65FCE5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Generally resembling male except for terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7451FFA1FF2143B2FDD2FF85" blockId="12.[151,761,190,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">
|
||
Ovipositor with sternite 8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7451FFA1FE5843B2FDB7FCC5" box="[460,534,414,437]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
) with linear apodeme on lateral side of posterior half; when viewed ventrally, length of sternite 8 excluding hypogynial valve usually slightly shorter than wide; sternite 8 with largely pale area near posterior corner, along longitudinal central line, and lateral to linear apodeme, markings sometimes variously weakened; furca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7451FFA1FEC04072FE00FF05" box="[340,417,606,629]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
) with anterior part largely widened and membranous, boundary of sclerite indistinct; sternite 10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7451FFA1FE8340B2FEC7FFC5" box="[279,358,670,693]" captionStart="Figs 37–43" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1341,1360]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,189,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-284@10.[151,1427,189,1315]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 37–43. Epiphragma trichomerum Alexander, 1955. 37 – habitus (male); 38 – wings (upper one with less developed wing marking, lower one with well-developed wing marking); 39 – male genitalia in dorsal view; 40 – interbase in dorsal view; 41 – female abdominal sternite 8 and hypogynial valve in ventral view; 42 – furca in dorsal view; 43 – female abdominal sternite 10 in ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm (37), 2 mm (38), 0.25 mm (39–43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489433/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two low projections at anterior margin and three projections at posterior margin, middle lobes on anterior and posteror sides obscure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907451FFA1FF0340D2FD59FE65" box="[151,760,766,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7451FFA1FF0340D2FD59FE65" blockId="12.[151,761,190,1269]" box="[151,760,766,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF0340D2FE86FE65" bold="true" box="[151,295,766,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7451FFA1FEB840D2FEC9FE65" box="[300,360,766,789]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Honshu; Shikoku; Kyushu) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1356549E7451FFA1FD0B40D2FD4DFE65" box="[671,748,766,789]" captionStart="Figs 44–47" captionStartId="11.[151,188,2030,2049]" captionTargetBox="[175,1373,1137,1999]" captionTargetId="figure-553@11.[175,1412,1123,2015]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 44–47. Distributions of Epiphragma species in Japan. 44 – E. gracilistylus Alexander, 1933; 45 – E. amamiense sp. nov. (blue) and E. subfascipenne Alexander, 1920 (red); 46 – E. kempi (blue) and E. subinsigne Alexander, 1920 (red); 47 – E. trichomerum Alexander, 1955." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4489437/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3771B907451FFA1FF034132FD58F985" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2481B7451FFA1FF034132FD58F985" blockId="12.[151,761,190,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF034132FEA7FE45" bold="true" box="[151,262,798,821]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FD8E4132FE24FE25" authority="Alexander, 1940" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FD8E4132FF67FE25" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Epiphragma evanescens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7451FFA1FF5B4112FE24FE25" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[207,389,830,853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" pagination="121 - 132" refId="ref11660" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1940: Studies on the Tipulidae of China (Diptera). IV. New or little-known crane-flies from Tien-mu-shan, Chekiang (cont.). Lingnan Science Journal 19: 121 - 132." type="journal article" year="1940">Alexander, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was described based only from females, but is differentiated from it by having the furca of ovipositor wide and membranous on anterior end (long rectangular and sclerotized on anterior part in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FD7541B2FEAEFEA5" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FD7541B2FEAEFEA5" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">E. evanescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FEB74192FD87FEA5" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" box="[291,550,958,981]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FEB74192FD87FEA5" box="[291,550,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Epiphragma evanescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from three female specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7451FFA1FE4641F2FDB3FE85" box="[466,530,990,1013]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D6F6B97451FFA1FDB441F2FD21FE85" box="[544,640,990,1013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7451FFA1FD2F41F2FD59FE85" box="[699,760,990,1013]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D6F6B97451FFA1FF0A41D2FEA8F965" box="[158,265,1022,1045]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
).As a result of examining these type specimens, it was discovered that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D6F6B97451FFA1FE204632FDBBF945" box="[436,538,1054,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FF034612FDA6F925" authority="Alexander, 1955" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,519,1086,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trichomerum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF034612FEE5F925" box="[151,324,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">E. trichomerum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7451FFA1FED94612FDA6F925" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[333,519,1086,1109]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" pagination="263 - 306" refId="ref11815" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1955: Records and descriptions of Japanese Tipulidae (Diptera). Part IV. The crane-flies of Shikoku. IV. Philippine Journal of Science 83: 263 - 306." type="journal article" year="1955">Alexander, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, we found that Alexander had mistakenly treated a male specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FF214652FDAFF9E5" authority="Alexander, 1933" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1933" box="[181,526,1150,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF214652FEF6F9E5" box="[181,343,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">E. gracilistylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC35EA7451FFA1FEC94652FDAFF9E5" author="ALEXANDER C. P." box="[349,526,1150,1173]" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" pagination="131 - 166" refId="ref11630" refString="ALEXANDER C. P. 1933: New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XV. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 131 - 166." type="journal article" year="1933">Alexander, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7451FFA1FDC44652FD2CF9E5" box="[592,653,1150,1173]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FF0346B2FE8CF9C5" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,301,1182,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FF0346B2FE8CF9C5" box="[151,301,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">E. evanescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D33987451FFA1FE2C46B2FD1DF9C5" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1940" box="[440,700,1182,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Epiphragma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evanescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91994097451FFA1FE2C46B2FD1DF9C5" box="[440,700,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Epiphragma evanescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A088B7451FFA1FF034692FF75F9A5" box="[151,212,1214,1237]" name="Japan" pageId="12" pageNumber="461">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
are based on misidentifications, and accordingly we remove this species from the Japanese fauna in this paper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |