336 lines
37 KiB
XML
336 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="60A43819F4845515851B06419B4211AC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.188099" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea3cfb7d-d5ca-4ea2-8f88-8e9e43df3b69" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="188099" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461083685542" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hastings, Philip A. & Springer, Victor G." docDate="2009" docId="03C43C38FFC33D4281A013DBFF37FEF6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02120p014.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2120" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Dactyloscopidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFFD4440FFC53D4581371155FFC4FFBA" masterDocTitle="Recognizing diversity in blennioid fish nomenclature (Teleostei: Blennioidei)" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="3" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698587644791" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="16680D8D87FD63104CDC95D2FEC286FC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D180E9E7457F752F105EEFC671D19951">
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<mods:title id="5025DD3305A95D5EA705E5406014024E">Recognizing diversity in blennioid fish nomenclature (Teleostei: Blennioidei)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3EB6F9FD1314E62A886DE0461B86586A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C8995B8B65569B2554970B20713C6B9D">Hastings, Philip A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23B127B13710ECE1A208BD90C2F17D32">Springer, Victor G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4D8DFD1AC83D85A0249E88737EABF550">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1DA426B1C8AD8576C81FDA533A41D97A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="30EC6F59C994A92C3AA8E9055A66A70E">
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<mods:date id="0EC5AD16E8C67B045DE559F683A064A7">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1D2A97E4DE6B8D6ACE6D3F6A4B328A80" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2D8C2DC74FFE68228BD1819E96371D40">2120</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A8252D87E9995E83028C062666F98EFB">3</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="5A460AF40B4A0CC6A4E355B2BB4BF478">14</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="9D88083C780AA6256F0E581056B8067C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C573375F5E9F375AA1B20CE69CAED60E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.188099</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3D9F168FB21F189AA2C8F45BF5962CC6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FFF0164D134B5D7B0E87F1B918596C29" type="Zenodo-Dep">188099</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C43C38FFC33D4281A013DBFF37FEF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5631535" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119618521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5631535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C43C38FFC33D4281A013DBFF37FEF6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C43C38FFC33D4281A013DBFF37FEF6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C377DEA5FFC33D4381A013DBFCF3FBC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC33D4381A013DBFEA6FD12" blockId="6.[151,354,654,680]" box="[151,354,654,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D09A3A42FFC33D4381A013DBFEA6FD12" bold="true" box="[151,354,654,680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4381A013DBFEA6FD12" ID-CoL="623WS" ID-ENA="57772" box="[151,354,654,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4381A013DBFEA6FD12" bold="true" box="[151,354,654,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopidae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC33D4381F11389FCF3FBC2" blockId="6.[151,1437,732,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
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11)
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4381C41389FD6EFD4F" box="[243,682,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4381C41389FE67FD4F" box="[243,419,732,757]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dactyloscopus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4380991389FD6EFD4F" authority="Dawson" authorityName="Dawson" box="[430,682,732,757]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">Dactyloscopus byersi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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Dawson was described based on specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4385C51389FA8FFD4C" box="[1266,1355,732,758]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(south of the Gulf California) to
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4380F51257FDDBFCA6" box="[450,543,770,796]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Panama</collectingCountry>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D43831A1257FDA5FCA6" box="[557,609,770,796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Manzanillo, Colima,
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4382FA1257FBE8FCA6" box="[973,1068,770,796]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385721257FF3DFCF9" authority="Dawson" authorityName="Dawson" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="byersi" subSpecies="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385721257FA58FCA1" box="[1093,1436,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus byersi heraldi</emphasis>
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Dawson
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</taxonomicName>
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was described based on specimens from southern Baja northward along the southwestern coast of Baja (
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<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4381D71205FED3FCD0" box="[224,279,848,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Cabo San Lucas,
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4383441205FD13FCD0" box="[627,727,848,874]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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). The two differ in a number of features (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC33D4385EA1205FA50FCD0" author="Dawson" box="[1245,1428,848,874]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1975) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 2. Genus Dactyloscopus, with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Scientific Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 22, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Dawson, 1975</bibRefCitation>
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) including pattern of scalation above the curved portion of the lateral line (one row present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385C91222FA8CFC2A" box="[1278,1352,887,912]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385C91222FA8CFC2A" box="[1278,1352,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43803012C8FE9FFC0C" box="[263,347,925,950]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43803012C8FE9FFC0C" box="[263,347,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">heraldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), number of anal-fin rays (31-35, modally
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<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D43826312C8FC54FC0D" box="[852,912,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.636" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="34.0">34 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4382A012C8FC1BFC0C" box="[919,991,925,950]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4382A012C8FC1BFC0C" box="[919,991,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus 29-33, modally
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<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4385C412C8FAEBFC0D" box="[1267,1327,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="32.0">32 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43840112C8FA4FFC0C" box="[1334,1419,925,950]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43840112C8FA4FFC0C" box="[1334,1419,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">heraldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), number of upper lip fimbriae (13-18, modally
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<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4383F31291FCC5FC64" box="[708,769,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43823E1291FC96FC67" box="[777,850,964,989]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43823E1291FC96FC67" box="[777,850,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus 11-14, modally
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<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D43855B1291FB6DFC64" box="[1132,1193,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385861291FAC3FC67" box="[1201,1287,964,989]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385861291FAC3FC67" box="[1201,1287,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">heraldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), number of preopercular sensory pores (pore number increases with size, but more present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43856312BFFB58FBB9" box="[1108,1180,1002,1027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43856312BFFB58FBB9" box="[1108,1180,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of comparable sizes), and coloration (chevron markings prominent on the side posteriad in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4382F11544FBCAFB90" box="[966,1038,1041,1066]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4382F11544FBCAFB90" box="[966,1038,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus weak or absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4384081544FA57FB90" box="[1343,1427,1041,1066]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4384081544FA57FB90" box="[1343,1427,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">heraldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; dark bars present on the dorsum of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43837D156DFD66FBEB" box="[586,674,1080,1105]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heraldi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43837D156DFD66FBEB" box="[586,674,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">heraldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D438240156DFC05FBEB" box="[887,961,1080,1105]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byersi">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D438240156DFC05FBEB" box="[887,961,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">byersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). These features clearly separate these forms, warranting recognition of each of them as species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C377DEA5FFC33D4281F115D0FF37FEF6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC33D4381F115D0FC38FA41" blockId="6.[151,1437,732,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
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12)
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4381C015D0FE67FB24" box="[247,419,1157,1182]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4381C015D0FE67FB24" box="[247,419,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC33D43808115D0FDAAFB25" author="Dawson" box="[438,622,1157,1183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1975) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 2. Genus Dactyloscopus, with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Scientific Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 22, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Dawson (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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recognized two subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4382D415D0FAADFB25" authority="Reid" authorityName="Reid" box="[995,1385,1157,1183]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4382D415D0FAD5FB24" box="[995,1297,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus fimbriatus</emphasis>
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(Reid)
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</taxonomicName>
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, the nominate form from Central and South
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D43834D15F9FD26FB7C" box="[634,738,1196,1222]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">America</collectingCountry>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4383C515F9FCECFB7C" box="[754,808,1196,1222]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Cape Elena,
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D43857715F9FB63FB7C" box="[1088,1191,1196,1222]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385DC15F9FD8EFB56" authority="Myers & Wade" authorityName="Myers & Wade" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="fimbriatus" subSpecies="elongatus">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385DC15F9FE48FB56" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus fimbriatus elongatus</emphasis>
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Myers & Wade
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4383A41587FD34FB56" box="[659,752,1234,1260]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, including the southwestern coast of Baja California, and the Gulf of California southward to Oaxaca (
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<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D43839615ACFD11FAA9" box="[673,725,1273,1299]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality: Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco,
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<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D43854215ACFB10FAA9" box="[1141,1236,1273,1299]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC33D4385D015ACFA59FAA9" author="Dawson" box="[1255,1437,1273,1299]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1975) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 2. Genus Dactyloscopus, with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Scientific Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 22, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Dawson (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that these forms are readily distinguished by several features including the number of upper lip fimbriae (15-19, mean = 17.4 in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4383161412FD58FADA" box="[545,668,1351,1376]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4383161412FD58FADA" box="[545,668,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus 13-17, mean = 15.0 in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43853C1412FBBBFADA" box="[1035,1151,1351,1376]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43853C1412FBBBFADA" box="[1035,1151,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">elongatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), number of segmented anal-fin rays (36-39, modally
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4383251438FD96FA3D" box="[530,594,1389,1415]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.398" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="37.0">37 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43836C1438FD18FA3C" box="[603,732,1389,1414]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43836C1438FD18FA3C" box="[603,732,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus 38-41, modally
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4385301438FB83FA3D" box="[1031,1095,1389,1415]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="39.0">39 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385671438FB0EFA3C" box="[1104,1226,1389,1414]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385671438FB0EFA3C" box="[1104,1226,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">elongatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and number of preopercular canal pores (mean = 14.8 in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43838514C1FCF1FA17" box="[690,821,1428,1453]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43838514C1FCF1FA17" box="[690,821,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus mean = 8.6 in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43856214C1FB15FA17" box="[1109,1233,1428,1453]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43856214C1FB15FA17" box="[1109,1233,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">elongatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), selected body proportions and coloration (distinct marking present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43825314EEFC2CFA6E" box="[868,1000,1467,1492]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43825314EEFC2CFA6E" box="[868,1000,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but weak to absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43843A14EEFA4DFA6E" box="[1293,1417,1467,1492]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43843A14EEFA4DFA6E" box="[1293,1417,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">elongatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Consequently, these forms clearly warrant recognition as separate species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC33D4381F1175DFBEBF8C4" blockId="6.[151,1437,732,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
|
|
13)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4381CE175DFE61F99B" box="[249,421,1544,1569]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4381CE175DFE61F99B" box="[249,421,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC33D43808E175DFDB7F998" author="Dawson" box="[441,627,1544,1570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1975) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 2. Genus Dactyloscopus, with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Scientific Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 22, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Dawson (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
recognized three subspecies of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4382C9175DFAA3F998" authority="Gill" authorityName="Gill" box="[1022,1383,1544,1570]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4382C9175DFAE8F99B" box="[1022,1324,1544,1569]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus pectoralis</emphasis>
|
|
Gill
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the nominate subspecies from the Gulf of California (
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4383C5177BFCECF9F2" box="[754,808,1582,1608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality: Cabo San Lucas,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D438540177BFB13F9F2" box="[1143,1239,1582,1608]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4385DB177AFE10F9D5" authority="Dawson" authorityName="Dawson" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pectoralis" subSpecies="fallax">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4385DB177AFEA2F9D4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus pectoralis fallax</emphasis>
|
|
Dawson
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4383151700FD45F9D5" box="[546,641,1621,1647]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
south of the Gulf to
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4382BA1700FC31F9D5" box="[909,1013,1621,1647]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4385311700FBFAF9D5" box="[1030,1086,1621,1647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality: Chacala, Nayarit,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4381A01729FF33F92C" box="[151,247,1660,1686]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
), and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4380771729FC8BF92C" authority="Dawson" authorityName="Dawson" box="[320,847,1660,1686]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pectoralis" subSpecies="insulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4380771729FD22F92F" box="[320,742,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Dactyloscopus pectoralis insulatus</emphasis>
|
|
Dawson
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Islas Revillagigedo (
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4385F71729FB31F92C" box="[1216,1269,1660,1686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality:
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4384461729FA58F92C" box="[1393,1436,1660,1686]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
|
San Benedicto). These forms differ in a number of morphological features (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC33D43853317F7FB74F906" author="Dawson" box="[1028,1200,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1975) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 2. Genus Dactyloscopus, with descriptions of new species and subspecies. Scientific Bulletin, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 22, 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="1975">Dawson, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) including scalation patterns (scales absent above the lateral line in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43838C179CFCF4F958" box="[699,816,1737,1762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43838C179CFCF4F958" box="[699,816,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">pectoralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus present in the other two), number of upper lip fimbriae (modally
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D43804D17A5FE6EF8B0" box="[378,426,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43808517A5FDEFF8B3" box="[434,555,1776,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43808517A5FDEFF8B3" box="[434,555,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">pectoralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D43830C17A5FDBCF8B0" box="[571,632,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4383B717A5FD79F8B3" box="[640,701,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">falax</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4383CF17A5FC98F8B0" box="[760,860,1776,1802]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10-11 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43825217A5FC16F8B3" box="[869,978,1776,1801]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43825217A5FC16F8B3" box="[869,978,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">insulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), number of preopercular canal pores (modally
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D43803C1643FEFDF88A" box="[267,313,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4380761642FE7CF88A" box="[321,440,1815,1840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pectoralis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4380761642FE7CF88A" box="[321,440,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">pectoralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4380FF1643FE32F88A" box="[456,502,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4380C91642FD86F88A" box="[510,578,1815,1840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4380C91642FD86F88A" box="[510,578,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fallax</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC33D4383491643FD7FF88A" box="[638,699,1814,1840]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4383F41642FCEBF88A" box="[707,815,1815,1840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4383F41642FCEBF88A" box="[707,815,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">insulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and selected fin-ray counts. In addition, the labial fimbriae are branched in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4380EF1668FDE5F8EC" box="[472,545,1853,1878]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Dactyloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4380EF1668FDE5F8EC" box="[472,545,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">fallax</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but unbranched in the other two. Consequently, these features clearly distinguish these three forms and warrant their recognition as separate species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC33D4381F116DFFA58F848" blockId="6.[151,1437,732,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">
|
|
14)
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D4381CE16DEFE4BF81E" box="[249,399,1931,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D4381CE16DEFE4BF81E" box="[249,399,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Myxodagnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43809416DEFCC0F81E" authority="Gill" authorityName="Gill" box="[419,772,1930,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opercularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43809416DEFD0EF81E" box="[419,714,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Myxodagnus opercularis</emphasis>
|
|
Gill
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was described based on specimens collected by John Xantus at Cabo San Lucas,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4380D716E4FDFAF871" box="[480,574,1969,1995]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
. The subspecies
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC33D43823116E4FB31F871" authority="Dawson" authorityName="Dawson" box="[774,1269,1969,1995]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="opercularis" subSpecies="walkeri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC33D43823116E4FB48F870" box="[774,1164,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Myxodagnus opercularis walkeri</emphasis>
|
|
Dawson
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was based on
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D4381A0168DFF0DF848" box="[151,201,2008,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
|
material from mainland
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D4380DD168DFD80F848" box="[490,580,2008,2034]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D6338CFFC33D438365168DFD42F848" box="[594,646,2008,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality: Chacala, Nayarit) and non-type material from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37ACDBEFFC33D438422168DFA5DF848" box="[1301,1433,2008,2034]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="9">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD28D2EFFC23D4281A011CDFF37FEF6" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCF0DFFFC23D4281A011CDFE88FF08" author="Dawson" box="[151,332,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" refString="Dawson, C. E. (1976) Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers. 3. Dactylagnus and Myxodagnus, with description of a new species and subspecies. Copeia, 1976, 13 - 43." type="journal article" year="1976">Dawson (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
reported that these forms differ in several features including number of upper lip fimbriae (
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC23D4284B411CDFF01FF62" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7- 8 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D4281FB11EAFE97FF62" box="[204,339,191,216]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opercularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D4281FB11EAFE97FF62" box="[204,339,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">opercularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC23D42809811EBFDD6FF62" box="[431,530,190,216]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="2.794" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10-11 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D42832E11EAFDB5FF62" box="[537,625,191,216]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D42832E11EAFDB5FF62" box="[537,625,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">walkeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), number preopercular canal pores (one in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D42854311EAFB3FFF62" box="[1140,1275,191,216]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opercularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D42854311EAFB3FFF62" box="[1140,1275,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">opercularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
versus
|
|
<quantity id="4C9520CBFFC23D42846111EBFA58FF62" box="[1366,1436,190,216]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 in</quantity>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D4281A011B0FF34FF44" box="[151,240,229,254]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">
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<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D4281A011B0FF34FF44" box="[151,240,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">walkeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), preorbital length (greater in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D42836C11B0FD70FF44" box="[603,692,229,254]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D42836C11B0FD70FF44" box="[603,692,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">walkeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and coloration (distinct suborbital bar present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D42843A11B0FA51FF44" box="[1293,1429,229,254]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opercularis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D42843A11B0FA51FF44" box="[1293,1429,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">opercularis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6DF6ADFFC23D42803F1059FEA4FE9F" box="[264,352,268,293]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Dactyloscopidae" genus="Myxodagnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B919513CFFC23D42803F1059FEA4FE9F" box="[264,352,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="10">walkeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). These differences clearly distinguish these forms and warrant their recognition as separate species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |