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<document id="E9EF4575D17CC03B7B9F6A4853FAA0E8" ID-CLB-Dataset="4939" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="723d2e5b-aa7b-4d6f-84ad-bc45531fa175" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4928494" ID-ZooBank="5F2D2119-40F9-4DCE-B4AE-CDE87E44C0EA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623434454951" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mitov, Plamen G., Perkovsky, Evgeny E. &amp; Dunlop, Jason A." docDate="2021" docId="038106260C67716718C0FCB1FBA443EE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4984.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4984 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dicranopalpus ramiger" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFB87E5E0C6971771857FFD7FFE04267" masterDocTitle="Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1699012069377" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="D47FB9ACDE8B0AAF530E626AF1488532" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="19DAA5C98DC7AAE87C7FC7811EB7461E">
<mods:title id="EBD154CEBFF1B27301BAF865F3B89F91">Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="585078FD534F948761A5C94C7EBC9547" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BE8FA8B0EAC6C6478CB04E0F7254D898">
<mods:roleTerm id="B777E85F1A88EBFD9F13846CF455B053">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F3459C25B4802C6EB18D5AC190BE3ABD">Mitov, Plamen G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05B9813C57C6938DC489F9E20F45F63F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="39601E36B7BF86289CD3AAD30FDFD968">
<mods:roleTerm id="49B26EF348C22862644E2BAEDFA8E73D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="53226F9D21584101044AC8EFECF018FE">Perkovsky, Evgeny E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5F59901FE87393EE7A6C1AED9E67AAE3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B33907E99A39E670DC53D94416975570">
<mods:roleTerm id="6B5877EFC635DFFE595BD0619A3EC161">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="031A4741AB17C2AF4D34A799E51B9057">Dunlop, Jason A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="199BAC9B3D48869E612BD056B65AA8B9" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0179-6640</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="270765D1B6FF3BDDCD56A95042A70F87" type="email">jason.dunlop@mfn.berlin</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="DC16B402C9A6B6B606139AF107897EF7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9EB5BF6A77264676EB8619E25CFBEA74">
<mods:title id="122E6D5AB6C0039C63BB6B6997311A81">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A58A0763A7FB4C7B18A81C7AC19DD116">
<mods:date id="30115C71C6BC07C282F5A2C68B8F35C9">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8A2D28D2AF7F98C38B4C431F4300A79E" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="174F554E6EE6A41FCA813AA77ACA9523">2021-06-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="8D4A1417FE58865DAE51FB2F8AE161EA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7C44A2D610EECA7FEC63343DE55E36A6">4984</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B16A5F64DCECDEDE78846C3E18354D4F" type="issue">
<mods:number id="CE104ADFFF72FEEB2631FFE598F14712">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F68B091DC4523CA86A03465F9529D009">43</mods:start>
<mods:end id="393717C00CC9F8B855972BFB84B5B7DF">72</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="3FEC0FA4E5D7536FD44BADEA088D9EC6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="411553030070A1C581BC4BA10BBD7DEE" type="CLB-Dataset">4939</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="35253E1F87B455FC93A75C4292858C5E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3851755471CCD86E307BCA7847242D96" type="GBIF-Dataset">723d2e5b-aa7b-4d6f-84ad-bc45531fa175</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="91F7C09B84D1F2D0A7A936853764907E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038106260C67716718C0FCB1FBA443EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5217241" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184587112" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5217241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038106260C67716718C0FCB1FBA443EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038106260C67716718C0FCB1FBA443EE" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<subSubSection id="C332E4BB0C67717918C0FCB1FCCA41E7" box="[151,810,870,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C67717918C0FCB1FCCA41E7" blockId="14.[151,810,870,897]" box="[151,810,870,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="D0DF005C0C67717918C0FCB1FCCA41E7" bold="true" box="[151,810,870,897]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918C0FCB1FCCA41E7" ID-CoL="7VQRJ" authority="(C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[151,810,870,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiger">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918C0FCB1FCCA41E7" bold="true" box="[151,810,870,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918C0FCB1FE5241E6" bold="true" box="[151,434,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus ramiger</emphasis>
(C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791A5EFCB0FCC241E7" author="Koch, C. L. &amp; Berendt, G. C." box="[521,802,870,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" refId="ref17431" refString="Koch, C. L. &amp; Berendt, G. C. (1854) Die im Bernstein befindlichen Myriapoden, Arachniden und Apteren der Vorwelt. In: Berendt, G. C. (Ed.), Die in Bernstein befindlichen organischen Reste der Vorwelt gesammelt in Verbindung mit mehreren bearbeitetet und herausgegeben 1. Berlin, Nicolai, 124 pp." type="book" year="1854">Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E4BB0C67717918C0FC78FEF4418A" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C67717918C0FC78FB3D41AF" blockId="14.[151,1245,942,1005]" box="[151,1245,942,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB38901E0C67717918C0FC78FB3D41AF" box="[151,1245,942,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8991210C67717918C0FC78FCFD41AF" author="Perkovsky, E. E. &amp; Zosimovich, V. Y. &amp; Vlaskin, A. P." box="[151,797,942,969]" page="121" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" year="2010">
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918C0FC78FCFD41AF" ID-CoL="7VQRJ" authority=": Perkovsky et al. (2010 a: 121" authorityName="Perkovsky" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,797,942,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiger">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918C0FC78FE4E41AF" box="[151,430,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus ramiger</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C67717919E9FC78FCFD41AF" author="Perkovsky, E. E. &amp; Zosimovich, V. Y. &amp; Vlaskin, A. P." box="[446,797,942,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="116 - 136" refId="ref19567" refString="Perkovsky, E. E., Zosimovich, V. Y. &amp; Vlaskin, A. P. (2010 a) Rovno amber. In: Penney, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity of Fossils in Amber from the Major World Deposits. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, pp. 116 - 136." type="book chapter" year="2010">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717919E9FC78FDA241AE" bold="true" box="[446,578,943,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Perkovsky</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791A1EFC78FD6441AE" box="[585,644,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791ADCFC79FCFD41AF" bold="true" box="[651,797,942,968]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">(2010a: 121</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791B4AFC79FB3D41AF" bold="true" box="[797,1245,942,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
, fig. 6D; 126, fig. 9B,
<collectingRegion id="49EC79D20C6771791C7EFC78FB9A41AE" box="[1065,1146,943,969]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Rovno</collectingRegion>
amber)
</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C67717918C0FC04FEF4418A" blockId="14.[151,1245,942,1005]" box="[151,276,978,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<figureCitation id="1313ABB50C67717918C0FC04FEF4418A" box="[151,276,978,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–17" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–17. Dicranopalpus ramiger (C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854) from Rovno amber (Klesov, Pugach quarry, Ukraine), late Eocene. 15 SIZK K-1151, detail of body and legs, dorso-lateral view. 16 SIZK K-1151, detail of left pedipalp (sawn off), showing the distal part of patellar apophysis (black arrow) and the tibial apophysis (white arrow). 17 SIZK K-9767, detail of the body and limbs (view from back); note the long patellar (black arrow) and short tibial (white arrow) apophyses characteristic for the genus. Scale bars: 15, 17: 1 mm; 16: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928514/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Figs 15–17</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E4BB0C67717918C0FBCDFC834756" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C67717918C0FBCDFC834756" blockId="14.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918C0FBCDFDF94652" bold="true" box="[151,537,1050,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
Material examined.
<collectingCountry id="F33FF7A00C67717919DBFBCDFDF04653" box="[396,528,1050,1076]" name="Ukraine" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">UKRAINE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791A74FBCCFD814652" box="[547,609,1051,1077]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1151 (jointly with
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791B08FBCCFC7D4652" box="[863,925,1051,1077]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1150, and
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791C6AFBCCFB9B4652" box="[1085,1147,1051,1077]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1152–1158),
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791D60FBCCFA954652" box="[1335,1397,1051,1077]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K- 9767. All from
<collectingRegion id="49EC79D20C677179191CFBE8FE76463E" box="[331,406,1087,1113]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Rovno</collectingRegion>
amber,
<collectingRegion id="49EC79D20C67717919A2FBE8FD72463E" box="[501,658,1087,1113]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Rovno Oblast</collectingRegion>
(Region), Sarny District, Klesov, Pugach quarry; late Eocene. Syninclusions:
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C677179194BFBB4FEBA461A" box="[284,346,1123,1149]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1150, female
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791A74FBB4FCC3461A" authority="(Araneae)" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" baseAuthorityName="Araneae" box="[547,803,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Theridiidae (Araneae)</taxonomicName>
; Auchenorrhyncha (Cicadinea);
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791CCCFBB4FB39461A" box="[1179,1241,1123,1149]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-9767: stellate hairs/trichomes;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791905FB50FE7046C6" box="[338,400,1159,1185]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-9768: Сollembola, Entomobryomorpha;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791B2FFB50FC5646C6" box="[888,950,1159,1185]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-9769,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791C48FB50FB5846C6" authority="sedis" authorityName="SEDIS" box="[1055,1208,1159,1185]" class="Copepoda" family="Incertae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">incertae sedis</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791C94FB50FAE146C6" box="[1219,1281,1159,1185]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1151,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791D3EFB50FF2546A2" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791887FB7CFE6746A2" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[208,391,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dolichopodidae</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C67717919C6FB7CFE2F46A2" box="[401,463,1195,1221]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1152: Cecydomyiidae (
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791AAEFB7CFC8746A2" box="[761,871,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Lеdomyia</emphasis>
sp.);
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791BF1FB7CFC0446A2" box="[934,996,1195,1221]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-11533,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791C0EFB7CFB5946A2" box="[1113,1209,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
, juv.;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791CABFB7CFADA46A2" box="[1276,1338,1195,1221]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1154,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918C0FB18FF3A468E" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1817" box="[151,218,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Acari</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918B0FB18FE14468D" authority="(Cunaxinae)" authorityName="Thor" authorityYear="1902" baseAuthorityName="Cunaxinae" box="[231,500,1231,1258]" class="Arachnida" family="Cunaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cunaxidae (Cunaxinae)</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791A52FB18FCEA468E" author="Sergeenko, A. L. &amp; Khaustov, A. A. &amp; Perkovsky, E. E." box="[517,778,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="152 - 153" refId="ref20697" refString="Sergeenko, A. L., Khaustov, A. A., &amp; Perkovsky, E. E. (2013) The first finds of the cunaxid-mites subfamily Cunaxinae (Acari: Acariformes: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from Rovno amber. Proceedings VIII Congress of the Ukrainian Entomological Society, Kyiv, 26 - 30 August 2013, Kyiv, pp. 152 - 153." type="book chapter" year="2013">
Sergeenko
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791AD0FB18FD23468E" box="[647,707,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791B77FB18FCBE468E" box="[800,862,1231,1257]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1155, Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea;
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791D17FB18FA78468E" box="[1344,1432,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
: Nematocera;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791979FB24FE8C476A" box="[302,364,1267,1293]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1156,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791980FB24FD94476A" box="[471,628,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791A28FB24FCE5476A" box="[639,773,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Scelioninae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scelioninae</taxonomicName>
;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791B45FB24FCB0476A" box="[786,848,1267,1293]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1157,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791BECFB24FBF3476A" box="[955,1043,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
: Tipuloidea;
<collectionCode id="ED392FF50C6771791CF1FB24FB04476A" box="[1190,1252,1267,1293]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">SIZK</collectionCode>
K-1158: female of
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918E1FAC0FDE64755" box="[182,518,1303,1330]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918E1FAC0FECE4756" box="[182,302,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Culicoides</emphasis>
(Ceratopogonidae)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791A42FAC0FCB74756" author="Sontag, E. &amp; Szadziewski, R." box="[533,855,1303,1329]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="779 - 800" refId="ref21297" refString="Sontag, E. &amp; Szadziewski, R. (2011) Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Eocene Baltic amber from the Rovno region (Ukraine). Polish Journal of Entomology, 80, 779 - 800. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10200 - 011 - 0058 - 4" type="journal article" year="2011">Sontag &amp; Szadziewski 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E4BB0C6771791890FAEDFC2544FE" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C6771791890FAEDFCBA444A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791890FAEDFEB94733" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Description.</emphasis>
SIZK K-1151 (
<figureCitation id="1313ABB50C6771791A5BFAECFD6D4732" box="[524,653,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–17" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–17. Dicranopalpus ramiger (C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854) from Rovno amber (Klesov, Pugach quarry, Ukraine), late Eocene. 15 SIZK K-1151, detail of body and legs, dorso-lateral view. 16 SIZK K-1151, detail of left pedipalp (sawn off), showing the distal part of patellar apophysis (black arrow) and the tibial apophysis (white arrow). 17 SIZK K-9767, detail of the body and limbs (view from back); note the long patellar (black arrow) and short tibial (white arrow) apophyses characteristic for the genus. Scale bars: 15, 17: 1 mm; 16: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928514/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Figs 15–16</figureCitation>
) is near the edge of the amber piece: part of the opisthosoma is concealed by an air bubble. During the processing of the amber piece, the front part of the prosoma was sawn off together with part of the limbs. However, the specific shape of the ocular tubercle and the structure of the remaining patellar and tibial apophyses of the pedipalps (
<figureCitation id="1313ABB50C6771791AFCFA70FD1F47A5" box="[683,767,1447,1474]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–17" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–17. Dicranopalpus ramiger (C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854) from Rovno amber (Klesov, Pugach quarry, Ukraine), late Eocene. 15 SIZK K-1151, detail of body and legs, dorso-lateral view. 16 SIZK K-1151, detail of left pedipalp (sawn off), showing the distal part of patellar apophysis (black arrow) and the tibial apophysis (white arrow). 17 SIZK K-9767, detail of the body and limbs (view from back); note the long patellar (black arrow) and short tibial (white arrow) apophyses characteristic for the genus. Scale bars: 15, 17: 1 mm; 16: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928514/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) clearly indicate the generic affiliation of this fossil. Body length: 1.125, abdomen width: 0.87. Ocular tubercle width: 0.25, diameter of each lens 0.11. Appendage lengths: palpal tarsus length: 0.52, tarsus ends with claw; tibial apophysis length: 0.1; tibial apophysis maximum width: 0.07. The other palpal/limbs segments cannot be measured correctly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C6771791890F9E0FC2544FE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
SIZK K-9767 (
<figureCitation id="1313ABB50C6771791927F9E0FE214436" box="[368,449,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–17" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–17. Dicranopalpus ramiger (C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854) from Rovno amber (Klesov, Pugach quarry, Ukraine), late Eocene. 15 SIZK K-1151, detail of body and legs, dorso-lateral view. 16 SIZK K-1151, detail of left pedipalp (sawn off), showing the distal part of patellar apophysis (black arrow) and the tibial apophysis (white arrow). 17 SIZK K-9767, detail of the body and limbs (view from back); note the long patellar (black arrow) and short tibial (white arrow) apophyses characteristic for the genus. Scale bars: 15, 17: 1 mm; 16: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928514/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) with L: 1.12–1.25; abdomen width: 0.88; Appendage lengths: Palps with article lengths of: Fe: 0.56; Pa: 0.18; patellar apophysis length: 0.28; Ti: 0.42–0.43; tibial apophysis length: 0.1; Ta: 0.77–0.78. Legs femur length: Fe I: 2.15–2.25; Fe II: 4.85; Fe III: 2.35; Fe IV: 3.35.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E4BB0C6771671890F974FBA443EE" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C6771791890F974FC0645DE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1050,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791890F974FEDB44DA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</emphasis>
In extant forms of this genus, the tibial apophysis/protuberances of the pedipalps are usually more prominent in juveniles and females than in males. An apophysis is present on the pedipalpal tibia in these fossil specimens too (
<figureCitation id="1313ABB50C6771791913F93CFE254561" box="[324,453,1771,1798]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–17" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[226,1361,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 15–17. Dicranopalpus ramiger (C. L. Koch &amp; Berendt, 1854) from Rovno amber (Klesov, Pugach quarry, Ukraine), late Eocene. 15 SIZK K-1151, detail of body and legs, dorso-lateral view. 16 SIZK K-1151, detail of left pedipalp (sawn off), showing the distal part of patellar apophysis (black arrow) and the tibial apophysis (white arrow). 17 SIZK K-9767, detail of the body and limbs (view from back); note the long patellar (black arrow) and short tibial (white arrow) apophyses characteristic for the genus. Scale bars: 15, 17: 1 mm; 16: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4928514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4928514/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Figs 16–17</figureCitation>
), see also
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791A61F93CFCDC4562" author="Dunlop, J. A. &amp; Mitov, P. G." box="[566,828,1771,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="347 - 375" refId="ref15864" refString="Dunlop, J. A. &amp; Mitov, P. G. (2009) Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Bitterfeld amber. ZooKeys, 16, 347 - 375. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 16.224" type="journal article" year="2009">Dunlop &amp; Mitov (2009</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19). This combined with their small size indicates that, as in extant
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791900F8D8FE1F454E" authorityName="Doleschall" authorityYear="1852" box="[343,511,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791900F8D8FE1F454E" box="[343,511,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, these are most likely either juveniles (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791BEFF8D8FBAE454E" author="Starega, W." box="[952,1102,1807,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="601 - 604" refId="ref21542" refString="Starega, W. (2002) Baltic amber harvestmen (Opiliones) from Polish collections. Annales Zoologici [Polska Akademia Nauk], 52, 601 - 604." type="journal article" year="2002">Staręga 2002</bibRefCitation>
)—see also photos of juvenile
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717918C0F8E4FEDF452A" authorityName="Doleschall" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,319,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717918C0F8E4FEDF452A" box="[151,319,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791936F8E4FDE2452A" author="Duinen" box="[353,514,1843,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" refId="ref15686" refString="Duinen, van J. J. (2020) Overview of the harvestmen of the family Phalangiidae in The Netherlands. Available from: http: // www. janvanduinen. nl / opiliones _ phalangiidae _ en. php / (accessed 8 February 2021)" type="url" year="2020">Duinen (2020)</bibRefCitation>
—or subadults (most likely female) of relatively small-bodied species (body length in the range of 1.1–3.6). Comparative modern examples would be, e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791BE4F880FA804516" authority="(Lawrence)" baseAuthorityName="Lawrence" box="[947,1376,1879,1905]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angolensis">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791BE4F880FB394516" box="[947,1241,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus angolensis</emphasis>
(Lawrence)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F33FF7A00C67717918C0F8ACFF0945F2" box="[151,233,1915,1941]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Angola</collectingCountry>
in Africa, or
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C67717919D7F8ACFD6B45F1" authority="(Canestrini)" baseAuthorityName="Canestrini" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[384,651,1915,1942]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvatus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C67717919D7F8ACFE1E45F2" box="[384,510,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">D. larvatus</emphasis>
(Canestrini)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791A95F8ACFC2745F2" authority="Marcellino" authorityName="Marcellino" authorityYear="1970" box="[706,967,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791A95F8ACFCA245F2" box="[706,834,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">D. brevipes</emphasis>
Marcellino
</taxonomicName>
, both from
<collectingCountry id="F33FF7A00C6771791C1FF8ACFB9B45F2" box="[1096,1147,1915,1941]" name="Italy" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791CDDF8ACFA7845F2" author="Lawrence, R. F." box="[1162,1432,1914,1941]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="29 - 44" refId="ref17760" refString="Lawrence, R. F. (1951) A further collection of opiliones from Angola made by Dr. A. de Barros Machado in 1948 - 1949. Publicacoes culturais Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang), Servicos Culturais, Dundo-Luanda-Angola-Lisboa, 13, 29 - 44." type="journal article" year="1951">Lawrence, 1951: 40–42</bibRefCitation>
, figs 3–4;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791957F848FDDE45DE" author="Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Martens, J." box="[256,574,1951,1977]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref21748" refString="Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Martens, J. (2019) An enigmatic European harvestman (Opiliones): new record and redescription of Dicranopalpus larvatus (Canestrini, 1874). Arachnology, 18, 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2018.18.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">Wijnhoven &amp; Martens 2019</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C6771791AC5F848FC7045DE" author="Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Canu, S. &amp; Martens, J." box="[658,912,1951,1977]" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" pagination="363 - 367" refId="ref21855" refString="Wijnhoven, H., Canu, S. &amp; Martens, J. (2020) Redescription of the rare European harvestman Dicranopalpus brevipes Marcellino, 1970, based on first records from Sardinia (Arachnida: Opiliones). Arachnology, 18, 363 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2020.18.4.363" type="journal article" year="2020">
Wijnhoven
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791B42F848FCAD45DE" box="[789,845,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B97B7300C6771671890F814FBA443EE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1050,2013]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C6771791890F814FE3145BB" box="[199,465,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramiger">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C6771791890F814FE3145BB" box="[199,465,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="57">Dicranopalpus ramiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been previously recorded from Baltic and Bitterfeld amber (
<tableCitation id="C6AA828B0C6771791CF8F814FAE345BA" box="[1199,1283,1987,2013]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,939,963]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of the 20 currently accepted species of fossil harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones), plus taxa assignable only to genus level (Bartel &amp; Dunlop 2019; Elsaka et al. 2019) found across the three principal amber-bearing localities in northern and eastern Europe. Of these, Baltic amber has the richest fauna (18 species), followed by Bitterfeld (8) and Rovno (6). Note this may reflect intensity of collection rather than genuine ecological differences. Four species have been found in all three ambers. † indicates an extinct genus; X – based on published data; N – newly recorded." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF57E7B80C68717618C0FC7CFAD34634" pageId="14" pageNumber="57" tableUuid="DF57E7B80C68717618C0FC7CFAD34634">Table 1</tableCitation>
) and was the only harvestman species previously reported from
<collectingRegion id="49EC79D20C7971671A86FF40FCFC42D6" box="[721,796,151,177]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">Rovno</collectingRegion>
amber (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C7971671B21FF40FB9C42D6" author="Perkovsky, E. E. &amp; Zosimovich, V. Y. &amp; Vlaskin, A. P." box="[886,1148,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" pagination="116 - 136" refId="ref19567" refString="Perkovsky, E. E., Zosimovich, V. Y. &amp; Vlaskin, A. P. (2010 a) Rovno amber. In: Penney, D. (Ed.), Biodiversity of Fossils in Amber from the Major World Deposits. Siri Scientific Press, Manchester, pp. 116 - 136." type="book chapter" year="2010">
Perkovsky
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C7971671BA3FF40FBCC42D6" box="[1012,1068,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
2010a
</bibRefCitation>
). Interestingly, its modern relative
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C79716718A5FF6CFD6042B2" authority="Doleschall" authorityName="Doleschall" box="[242,640,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C79716718A5FF6CFDE142B3" box="[242,513,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">Dicranopalpus ramosus</emphasis>
Doleschall
</taxonomicName>
appears to be in the process of moving northwards from its Mediterranean origins (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C7971671978FF08FDB4429E" author="Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Prieto, C. E." box="[303,596,222,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" pagination="25 - 34" refId="ref21801" refString="Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Prieto, C. E. (2015) Dicranopalpus caudatus Dresco, 1948: not a synonym of Dicranopalpus ramosus (Simon, 1909) but a valid species after all (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 26, 25 - 34." type="journal article" year="2015">Wijnhoven &amp; Prieto 2015</bibRefCitation>
, and literature therein), and is thus reclaiming areas where the fossil record indicates the genus formerly occurred.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C7971671A18FED4FCA7437A" author="Noordijk, J. &amp; Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Cuppen, J. G. M." box="[591,839,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" pagination="65 - 68" refId="ref18922" refString="Noordijk, J., Wijnhoven, H. &amp; Cuppen, J. G. M. (2007) The distribution of the invasive harvestman Dicranopalpus ramosus in the Netherlands (Arachnida: Opiliones). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 26, 65 - 68." type="journal article" year="2007">
Noordijk
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C7971671AEBFED4FD0D437A" box="[700,749,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
noted that the living species
<taxonomicName id="4C28CCB30C7971671CC7FED4FAF2437B" box="[1168,1298,259,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Phalangiidae" genus="Dicranopalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C7971671CC7FED4FAF2437B" box="[1168,1298,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">D. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is primarily scansorial on trees and shrubs. If the amber species had a similar lifestyle to the modern counterpart this might explain the frequency with which these animals tended to become trapped in resin. In northern European amber collections it is usually the predominant harvestman species (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CAC10C7971671B26FEB8FBD843EE" author="Mitov, P. G. &amp; Dunlop J. A. &amp; Bartel, C." box="[881,1080,367,393]" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" pagination="65 - 69" refId="ref18818" refString="Mitov, P. G., Dunlop J. A. &amp; Bartel, C. (2021) A case of palpal regeneration in a fossil harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones). Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 61, 65 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.30963 / aramit 6110" type="journal article" year="2021">
Mitov
<emphasis id="B95C6B220C7971671BEAFEB8FC1543EE" box="[957,1013,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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