211 lines
18 KiB
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211 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9c9b7f37-a72e-4610-8ac5-908f601d1121" ID-PMC="PMC8888540" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1087-19" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" ID-PubMed="35437365" ID-ZooBank="94F2384E640E4A58B8B4D9D06675D2C2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1087-19" checkinTime="1645627321867" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nupponen 1, Kari & Sihvonen, Pasi" docDate="2022" docId="C594AE4122E25EA091FA42BF49E94F69" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1087: 19-104" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1087" docPubDate="2022-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382" docTitle="Rhamphura dimota Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1" masterDocTitle="Revision of Neotropical Scythrididae moths and descriptions of 22 new species from Argentina, Chile, and Peru (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668151506650" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Neotropical Scythrididae moths and descriptions of 22 new species from Argentina, Chile, and Peru (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nupponen 1, Kari</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Merenneidontie 19 D, FI- 02320 Espoo, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-9325</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 17, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pasi.sihvonen@helsinki.fi</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1087</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>19</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1087-19</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">94F2384E640E4A58B8B4D9D06675D2C2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ECD9B4DC2A3357AABC04DB88FB7D40B1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193585871" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C594AE4122E25EA091FA42BF49E94F69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C594AE4122E25EA091FA42BF49E94F69" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C594AE41-22E2-5EA0-91FA-42BF49E94F69" authority="(Meyrick, 1931)," authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Rhamphura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhamphura dimota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimota" status="comb. nov.">Rhamphura dimota (Meyrick, 1931),</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="19">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Scythrididae adults, genus Rhamphura 1 A R. depressa (Meyrick, 1931), male, holotype 1 B R. depressa (Meyrick, 1931), male, holotype 2 R. dimota (Meyrick, 1931), male, lectotype 3 R. subdimota Nupponen, sp. nov., male, holotype 4 R. immunis (Meyrick, 1916), male, lectotype 5 R. pozohondaensis Nupponen, sp. nov., female, holotype 6 R. spiniuncus Nupponen, sp. nov., male holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649315" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 35–36" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 35 - 36. Male genitalia of Rhamphura 35 R. depressa (Meyrick, 1931), holotype, slide JFGC No. 8061 36 R. dimota (Meyrick, 1931), lectotype, slide JFGC No. 8062." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figures35-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649321" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">, 36</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris dimota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimota" status="comb. nov.">Scythris dimota</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1931. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 37: 282.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Makthlawaiya, G. S. Carter, No." country="Paraguay" location="Chaco region" specimenCount="♂" typeStatus="Lectotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry name="Paraguay">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C594AE4122E25EA091FA42BF49E94F69:335109E0B2401FD41861C79924EFBA36" country="Paraguay" name="Chaco region">Chaco region</location>
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,
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<collectorName>Makthlawaiya</collectorName>
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; •; GSC [
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<collectorName>G. S. Carter</collectorName>
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]; 5.27.; [genitalia slide] JFGC
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<collectorName>No.</collectorName>
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8062; NHMUK ID 010922356; NHMUK slide ID 010316670; coll. NHMUK.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Makthlawaiya & G. S. Carter & No." country="Paraguay" location="Paraguay" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Paralectotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<typeStatus>Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry name="Paraguay">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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; same data as for lectotype; coll. NHMUK
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Externally hardly separable from
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. subdimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subdimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. subdimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Reliable determination can be achieved by genitalia examination (DNA barcode not available for
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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yet). Gnathos is labiate, short and sclerotised in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. depressa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. depressa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; gnathos base is triangular hood, distal arm is short and bent in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. subdimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subdimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. subdimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Lateral processes of tegumen absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. depressa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. depressa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; triangular, granulate and heavily sclerotised in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; sub-oval, granulate, with longitudinal cleavage and heavily sclerotised in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. subdimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subdimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. subdimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Male tergum VIII trapezoid in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. depressa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. depressa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; rectangular with long diverging anterior apodemes in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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((note: structures shown are not in comparable position, potentially deformed during dissection); pentagonal and medioposteriorly extended in
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">The original description is quoted: "Wingspan 12 mm ♂, ♀. Head and thorax bronzy-fuscous, some white scales on posterior edge of thorax. Palpi dark fuscous, basal joint and base of second ochreous-white. Abdomen dark fuscous, ♂ beneath ochreous-white except last two segments. Forewings dark purplish-fuscous; a white streak along fold from base to near middle of wing, ♂ thicker and irregular, and its apex connected with dorsum by irregular white suffusion; some cloudy white suffusion about end of fold and tornus: cilia rather dark grey. Hindwings 0.66, 4 and 5 separate; dark fuscous; cilia rather dark grey."</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Uncus triangular. Gnathos base small triangular hood; distal arm short, bent, tip pointed. Tegumen hood-shaped, laterally broadly thickened, with two parallel triangular and heavily sclerotised processes. Between tegumen and valvae large formation, consisting of two parallel elongated, basally fused sclerotised pouches. Phallus short and thick, weakly sclerotised (illustrated in
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<bibRefCitation author="Clarke, JFG" journalOrPublisher="Dissertation, The Ohio State University" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" refId="B8" refString="Clarke, JFG, 1965. Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Volume V: 1-581. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" title="Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Volume V: 1 - 581. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" year="1965">Clarke (1965</bibRefCitation>
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: 472, fig. 4a)). Valvae ~ 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as tegumen and uncus together; narrow and straight, distal 1/3 somewhat broadened dorsally, apex slightly elongated and setose. Vinculum arched, short. Sternum VIII rectangular basally, posterior reinforcement extended laterally, lateral apodemes sclerotised and extended anteriorly forming prongs with spoon-shaped apices. Tergum VIII rectangular, ~ 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as long, with long, diverging anterior apodemes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Paraguay.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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Female unknown. The original description states that one male and one female were available, but
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<bibRefCitation author="Clarke, JFG" journalOrPublisher="Dissertation, The Ohio State University" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" refId="B8" refString="Clarke, JFG, 1965. Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Volume V: 1-581. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" title="Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, Volume V: 1 - 581. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42780382" year="1965">Clarke (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that both are males. The asymmetry in the male valvae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 35–36" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 35 - 36. Male genitalia of Rhamphura 35 R. depressa (Meyrick, 1931), holotype, slide JFGC No. 8061 36 R. dimota (Meyrick, 1931), lectotype, slide JFGC No. 8062." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1087.64382.figures35-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/649321" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">36</figureCitation>
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) is an artefact of preparation due to a partly folded left valva on the slide mount.
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. dimota" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is morphologically similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Amaranthaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. depressa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="depressa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. depressa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, particularly the bronzy-fuscous wings, long and narrow valvae and free apodemes on sternum VIII. For these reasons, we reclassify
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Scythris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scythris dimota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Scythris dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1931 as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nupponen 1 & Sihvonen" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Meyrick" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Scythrididae" genus="Rhamphura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhamphura dimota" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Rhamphura dimota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Meyrick, 1931) new combination.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |