171 lines
20 KiB
XML
171 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="B6E0E1C6AB39F5738CC56A12EFB47ACF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5375.1.7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="CF55BD3B-05F8-46B6-B8B7-13A6A201865B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1700559093651" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bahder, Brian W., Myrie, Wayne, Helmick, Ericka E. & Bartlett, Charles R." docDate="2023" docId="660A87BBFFE158354FC0E3AFFED1FC21" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5375.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5375 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5375.1.7/52317" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothriocera Burmeister 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="9A33FFC3FFE258314F57E502FF88FF84" masterDocTitle="A new species of planthopper in the genus Bothriocera (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cixiidae) from coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) in Jamaica" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1700559191194" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7ECA1EFB3EC598C3AC3C1542225EED04">A new species of planthopper in the genus Bothriocera (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cixiidae) from coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) in Jamaica</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="15E80D528D99A6B2C907D41AEB8527FA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5F6890B7508F878B5B96C27141534F9D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="149EAD3397CC06D51662AA3B864EF93A">Bahder, Brian W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B8E5800DD9FC67695ABA4040425A671">University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology - Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center; 3205 College Ave., Davie, FL 33314 - 7719, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="F9CBDFCACFED8820FA99BE39410C0054" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1412FFD81A044A5F924374CAA2D0905E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="638A862A25458D63CCB80DBD0D726CEA">Myrie, Wayne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FCD92F8E73D8612805C72A5C219B44AD">Coconut Industry Board, 18 Waterloo Road, Kingston 10, Jamaica W. I.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C2A8E1C56C68638A0A8D92B5BF3EFF06" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C923D843601981C2826FDD0FA677F77A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7A10E1203221473A527C34AF6E2F9263">Helmick, Ericka E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0E773CCB7312CEEEF3EED7F5ED4375A">University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology - Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center; 3205 College Ave., Davie, FL 33314 - 7719, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B4FD0CE75F01D621F43B7BF8F3F8059">Bartlett, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E368532BF3D087CAE5178824E11B352" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9428-7337</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F5879CDBC390C8DC008A0630AD04BB36">University of Delaware, Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, 250 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 - 2160, USA bartlett @ udel. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9428 - 7337</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C0E705AF842202C139FD9C55337DCC4" type="email">bartlett@udel.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="91E9E502E40B60044649D8E815F8FE1B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4320F50C37F2AC1C085C763086956CC9">
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<mods:date id="27299F37E35FBB3242A4584913FFCF67">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C315762852BA04AB823762E9203EB93A">2023-11-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BEF91D69A19BF5411127E128C150D2BC">5375</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="9341563C80324A2F319AA24B9068CAD3">https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5375.1.7/52317</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E7CBA8E95A25FF3E1E6E5E306DFF73BF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A0DB427D929F332D1D9391D1CE2E7115" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5375.1.7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E0AC7BE352F2466D7F577999530107EB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="660A87BBFFE158354FC0E3AFFED1FC21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:660A87BBFFE158354FC0E3AFFED1FC21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/660A87BBFFE158354FC0E3AFFED1FC21" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="A6B96526FFE158324FC0E3AFFDD3F943" box="[151,603,1709,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="EE1C36ADFFE158324FC0E3AFFDD3F943" blockId="3.[151,603,1709,1736]" box="[151,603,1709,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<heading id="B55481C1FFE158324FC0E3AFFDD3F943" bold="true" box="[151,603,1709,1736]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE158324FC0E3AFFDD3F943" bold="true" box="[151,603,1709,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE158324FB9E3AFFDD3F943" ID-CoL="3BTT" ID-ENA="390129" authority="Burmeister, 1835" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[238,603,1709,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE158324FB9E3AFFEF7F94C" bold="true" box="[238,383,1709,1736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Bothriocera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8A324B5CFFE158324ED0E3AFFDD3F943" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[391,603,1709,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" pagination="99 - 183" refId="ref7680" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. (1835) Schnabelkerfe. Rhynchota. Fascicule 1. Handbuch der Entomologie, 2, 99 - 183." type="journal article" year="1835">Burmeister, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A6B96526FFE158324FC0E3F0FD26F88E" box="[151,686,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="EE1C36ADFFE158324FC0E3F0FD26F88E" blockId="3.[151,686,1778,1802]" box="[151,686,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<typeStatus id="3118880FFFE158324FC0E3F0FF41F88E" box="[151,201,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE158324E71E3F0FD22F88E" authority="Burmeister, 1835" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[294,682,1778,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tinealis">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE158324E71E3F0FE7AF88E" box="[294,498,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Bothriocera tinealis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="8A324B5CFFE158324EAFE3F0FD22F88E" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[504,682,1778,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" pagination="99 - 183" refId="ref7680" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. (1835) Schnabelkerfe. Rhynchota. Fascicule 1. Handbuch der Entomologie, 2, 99 - 183." type="journal article" year="1835">Burmeister, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A6B96526FFE158354FC0E23AFBF8FDE5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EE1C36ADFFE158354FC0E23AFBF8FDE5" blockId="3.[151,1436,1848,2019]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE158324FC0E23AFE9AF8D6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1848,1874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="8A324B5CFFE158324E81E23BFDE7F8D6" author="Kramer, J. P." box="[470,623,1848,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref8139" refString="Kramer, J. P. (1983) Taxonomic study of the planthopper family Cixiidae in the United States (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 109, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1983">Kramer 1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
) Small to medium-sized (
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<quantity id="295B9B48FFE158324CF7E23AFBB8F8D6" box="[928,1072,1848,1875]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="3.9">3.9–5.8 mm</quantity>
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); head in dorsal view narrower than pronotum, broad and subrectangular, strongly produced beyond anterior margin of eyes, its anterior margin concave and as broad or broader than its interocular width at base, lateral and posterior margins of vertex carinate, subapical transverse carina between anterior margins of eyes medially joining median carina extending anteriorly onto frons (median carina of vertex absent posterior to subapical transverse carina), posterior margin of vertex nearly transverse between eyes. In lateral view, head declinate to level of antennae, antennae arising from a deep elongated depression in front of eye formed by lateral carinae of the frons defining a foliate, inverted C-shaped concavity, ocellus prominent above antennae in front of anterodorsal margin of eye. Head from frontal view with sides of frons and clypeus carinate, dorsolateral portions of frons expanded and auriculate and level of antennae, longitudinal midline of frons carinate only on upper half, frontal ocellus prominent (ventral margin of frons may bear a variably expressed broadly U-shaped ridge above frontoclypeal suture). Frontoclypeal suture approximately transverse. Longitudinal midline of clypeus incompletely carinate. Pronotum extremely narrowed medially (may be entirely concealed medially by hind margin of head). Mesonotum elongated, tricarinate. Hind tibiae without spines before apex. Forewings broadly spatulate, held broadly tectiform only slightly (or not) overlapping on inner margin (versus more broadly overlapped in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354DCCE4D9FCB5FE71" box="[667,829,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354DCCE4D9FCB5FE71" box="[667,829,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), usually boldly patterned, veins without prominent setae-bearing pustules. Male pygofer bearing short medioventral lobe (approximately as tall as wide, not elongated as in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354F82E721FEFFFDB9" box="[213,375,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354F82E721FEFFFDB9" box="[213,375,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Phallus bearing varied but few processes or projections from shaft, endosoma (flagellum of
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<bibRefCitation id="8A324B5CFFE658354FC0E745FEA5FDE5" author="Kramer, J. P." box="[151,301,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref8139" refString="Kramer, J. P. (1983) Taxonomic study of the planthopper family Cixiidae in the United States (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 109, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1983">Kramer 1983</bibRefCitation>
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) elongate, sinistrally curving into a partial helix, bearing varied processes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A6B96526FFE658354F90E769FED1FC21" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="EE1C36ADFFE658354F90E769FED1FC21" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354F90E769FEB3FD01" bold="true" box="[199,315,619,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The position of the antennae (in front of the eye in a distinct cup-like concavity) readily separates
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354FC0E78DFEA4FD2D" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,300,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bothriocerini">Bothriocerini</taxonomicName>
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from all other New World cixiids. The only extant genera of
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354B45E78DFB2FFD2D" authorityName="Muir" authorityYear="1923" box="[1042,1191,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bothriocerini">Bothriocerini</taxonomicName>
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are
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354BB6E78DFAE0FD2D" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[1249,1384,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354BB6E78DFAE0FD2D" box="[1249,1384,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothriocera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354FC0E7B1FEB1FD49" box="[151,313,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354FC0E7B1FEB1FD49" box="[151,313,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354E13E7B1FE6EFD49" box="[324,486,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354E13E7B1FE6EFD49" box="[324,486,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is putatively distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354C1FE7B1FC47FD49" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[840,975,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354C1FE7B1FC47FD49" box="[840,975,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothriocera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a ‘prominent transverse carina’ at midlength of the vertex (in addition to the subapical transverse carina), head not as forward-produced as in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354FE1E7F9FEB5FC91" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[182,317,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354FE1E7F9FEB5FC91" box="[182,317,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothriocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, and by wing orientation (forewings distinctly overlapping apically in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354B3CE7F9FA85FC91" box="[1131,1293,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354B3CE7F9FA85FC91" box="[1131,1293,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and slightly (or not) overlapping in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354EC8E61DFDAEFCBD" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[415,550,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354EC8E61DFDAEFCBD" box="[415,550,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothriocera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and the male terminalia (the medioventral process of the pygofer elongate in
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<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354FC0E641FEB1FCD9" box="[151,313,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354FC0E641FEB1FCD9" box="[151,313,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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and short in
|
||
<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354E9CE641FDD1FCD9" box="[459,601,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354E9CE641FDDDFCD9" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[459,597,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bothriocera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and the aedeagus with flagellum bearing processes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354BECE641FACAFCD9" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1835" box="[1211,1346,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothriocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354BECE641FACAFCD9" box="[1211,1346,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothriocera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354E46E665FE3BFC05" box="[273,435,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354E46E665FE3BFC05" box="[273,435,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It also appears that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29A34D2EFFE658354DFAE665FCC7FC05" box="[685,847,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Bothrioceretta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCD7EABFFFE658354DFAE665FCC7FC05" box="[685,847,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Bothrioceretta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes species that tend to be dark in color (both wings and body).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |