243 lines
40 KiB
XML
243 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="3C396448BB24BEE612F1530719A5E646" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.213251" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0904a9ed-a2e0-4d12-8498-9d2ea49ab6df" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="213251" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460462150874" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Felix, Rob P. W. H." docDate="2012" docId="1077022EFFC30A1242A6FBF6CD97FA22" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03252p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3252" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Socotracris Desutter-Grandcolas" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="EC4E7A56FFC20A104231FFEBC925FFDB" masterDocTitle="Socotracris kleukersi n. gen. n. sp., a new troglobitic cricket from Socotra (Yemen) (Orthoptera: Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae)" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698304284591" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="540814963B5EBA849A416B36A92B675B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D188111A787A704F37AEBD8E8D6E4C4E">
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<mods:title id="EF23E809C6CC7011DA36ECC92D0D2CEC">Socotracris kleukersi n. gen. n. sp., a new troglobitic cricket from Socotra (Yemen) (Orthoptera: Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9BBA86FD21AB96594C29E59C119099C7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="33524BB93B3CABF5AC79794071E0D49C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8947D446F197B6801E7C84873D3442E9">Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D40927FFCE91E08F29C7F493428999B9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="873C54533A54991678FFAAA00F7D912B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5A61AE2AF70D6F8553372068B91E3877">Felix, Rob P. W. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0C36F13A26CD77E2E89109C27B0A736F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5781FBD93847116D01D7B5BD21B48EE0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E0AC6EB6B0E18C543E2BC858513A0C19">
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<mods:date id="FE22CA73BB725FC4AAFD7448FF3A8DA0">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CC5A239C419FB54A4B8F29F17CCAB90F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7B596AB859DD3B88C62ED52CD97D5741">3252</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8A58E2F58EC6A77A81BEEFE043CAEEFB">57</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="81225A0DA72C211834D373730BDA2A2F">65</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="0259C280EE8E1C93F2297CE38FE55D0E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="71F9600EEEA59FA40D9B0EE013E3EDDD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.213251</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="19E164A0CF96F91B1E3996A807E86CAA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BBCEC94FBEEAB213968EEBCC1987B997" type="Zenodo-Dep">213251</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1077022EFFC30A1242A6FBF6CD97FA22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6176512" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119512814" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6176512" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1077022EFFC30A1242A6FBF6CD97FA22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1077022EFFC30A1242A6FBF6CD97FA22" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="D0C4E0B3FFC30A1142A6FBF6CBA0FBEC" box="[151,645,1053,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC30A1142A6FBF6CBA0FBEC" blockId="1.[151,645,1053,1079]" box="[151,645,1053,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="C3290454FFC30A1142A6FBF6CBA0FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,645,1053,1079]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142A6FBF6CBA0FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,645,1053,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC30A1142A6FBF6CB0EFBEC" authority="Desutter-Grandcolas" authorityName="Desutter-Grandcolas" box="[151,555,1053,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142A6FBF6C805FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,288,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Socotracris</emphasis>
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Desutter-Grandcolas
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</taxonomicName>
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n. gen.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0C4E0B3FFC30A1142A6FB88CBEEFBA3" box="[151,715,1122,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC30A1142A6FB88CBEEFBA3" blockId="1.[151,715,1122,1144]" box="[151,715,1122,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<typeStatus id="47650D9AFFC30A1142A6FB88C9EDFBA3" box="[151,200,1123,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC30A114317FB88C8D9FBA3" box="[294,508,1122,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kleukersi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A114317FB88C8D9FBA3" box="[294,508,1122,1144]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Socotracris kleukersi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC30A114032FB88CB1CFBA3" box="[515,569,1123,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0C4E0B3FFC30A1142A6FB4CCBECFB64" box="[151,713,1191,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC30A1142A6FB4CCBECFB64" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,2014]" box="[151,713,1191,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142A6FB4CC815FB1B" bold="true" box="[151,304,1191,1216]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known from
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<collectingCountry id="E0C9F3A8FFC30A1143FFFB4CCB01FB64" box="[462,548,1191,1215]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Socotra</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="E0C9F3A8FFC30A114003FB4CCBA1FB64" box="[562,644,1191,1215]" name="Yemen" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Yemen</collectingCountry>
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) only.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0C4E0B3FFC30A1142F6FB21CDA4F9C1" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC30A1142F6FB21CDA4F9C1" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142F6FB21C864FB38" bold="true" box="[199,321,1226,1251]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Genus characterized by the shape of the head (face concave, fastigium twice as long as wide, ocelli not distinct, eyes reduced but protruding, maxillary palpi very elongate), its transverse, slightly saddle-shaped pronotum with raised lateral anterior angles, the armature (2 outer and 3 / 4 inner small subapical spurs, strong serrulation over the whole tibia length) and thin shape of its hind tibiae. Males characterized by their FW venation (harp with numerous oblique, parallel veins, mirror not distinct, apical field very reduced; limit between dorsal and lateral fields made by MA), glandular metanotum, tergites without glandular structures, and genitalia (pseudepiphallic sclerite longer than wide, with parallel lateral margins and two small, membranous apical lophi, pseudepiphallic parameres as a concave plate, endophallic sclerite with three distal prongs, endophallic apodeme lamellar). Females characterized by their very small, not overlapping FWs with few veins, the curved ovipositor with a smooth, only slightly widened apex, and the small, ring-shaped copulatory papilla.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D0C4E0B3FFC30A1242F6F9CECD97FA22" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC30A1142F6F9CECA16F806" blockId="1.[151,1437,1191,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142F6F9CEC87CF9E5" bold="true" box="[199,345,1573,1598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Description.</emphasis>
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Large phalangopsid cricket (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A114091F9CECBC4F9E6" box="[672,737,1573,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1868,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,877,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,877,1845]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. in its native habitat at the type locality, cave Wadi Zerik, Socotra. A-B, male, dorsal (A), lateral (B); C, female; D, nymph. Photos Rob Felix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213252/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1140CBF9CECA65F9E6" bold="true" box="[762,832,1573,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Head.</emphasis>
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Eyes very small, but protruding (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A11468BF9CECDD8F9E6" box="[1210,1277,1573,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp., male holotype. A, head dorsum; B, face coloration; C, pronotum and head, lateral; E, pronotum, dorsal; F, glandular area on metanotum. Female allotype. D, left hind leg, outer side. Photos Roy Kleukers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213253/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A), their inner margins with many smaller ommatidia. Ocelli not distinct. Fastigium nearly twice as long as wide, not separated from the vertex by a furrow, but clearly below vertex level (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A11417AF981CAB5F959" box="[843,912,1642,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp., male holotype. A, head dorsum; B, face coloration; C, pronotum and head, lateral; E, pronotum, dorsal; F, glandular area on metanotum. Female allotype. D, left hind leg, outer side. Photos Roy Kleukers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213253/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C). Face concave at the level of the epistemal suture. Maxillary palpi very long and thin, especially joints 3 to 5; joint 3 smaller than joint 4; joint 5 the longest, only slightly widened in apical fourth. Scapes longer than wide.
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A11414CF95BCAD8F913" bold="true" box="[893,1021,1712,1736]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Pronotum.</emphasis>
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Transverse, hemmed over its whole margin. Dorsal disc raised in distal third, slightly saddle-like (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A11415BF939CA94F931" box="[874,945,1746,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp., male holotype. A, head dorsum; B, face coloration; C, pronotum and head, lateral; E, pronotum, dorsal; F, glandular area on metanotum. Female allotype. D, left hind leg, outer side. Photos Roy Kleukers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213253/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C); anterior margin concave; distal margin straight (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A1142CAF91EC865F8D6" box="[251,320,1781,1805]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp., male holotype. A, head dorsum; B, face coloration; C, pronotum and head, lateral; E, pronotum, dorsal; F, glandular area on metanotum. Female allotype. D, left hind leg, outer side. Photos Roy Kleukers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213253/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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E). Lateral lobe anterior angles raised.
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A114131F91ECA1AF8D6" bold="true" box="[768,831,1781,1805]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Legs.</emphasis>
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All long and thin, the tarsomeres more than half the length of the tibiae. TI with a small, inner tympanum. TI and TII with 2 apical spurs each. FIII (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC30A1146DBF8FCCC08F8F4" box="[1258,1325,1815,1839]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,539,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,523,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – B, male forewings, lateral (A), dorsal (B) fields; C, right female forewing (dotted line: symetry axis on female dorsum; arrow, limit between dorsal and lateral fields); D – E, spurs and spines of female hindtibia, outer (D), inner (E) margins. Abbreviations: Forewing venation, h, harp; mi, mirror; others, see text; is / ia, inner subapical / apical spurs; oa / os, outer apical / subapical spurs; d, dorsal; m, median; v, ventral. Symbol: arrow, limit between FW dorsal and lateral fields. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213254/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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D) with a filiform apical part. TIII with 3 small, outer apical spurs, the median the longest; 3 inner apical spurs, the median the longest, less than half the length of hind basitarsomere; inner ventral apical spur longer than the outer one; 2 outer and 3 / 4 inner subapical spurs located in lower half of tibiae, all small, the inners longer than the outers. TIII serrulated over their whole length, with small but thick spines, located on the raised margins of the tibiae.
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC30A1142A6F82EC804F805" bold="true" box="[151,289,1989,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Terminalia.</emphasis>
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Cerci very long and thin, longer than the body.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC00A1242F6FF73CC51FEA4" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242F6FF73C828FF6B" bold="true" box="[199,269,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Male:</emphasis>
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Metanotum glandular, with a wide median pit full of long setae (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124639FF7CCD6BFF74" box="[1032,1102,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1902,1925]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,427,1888]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp., male holotype. A, head dorsum; B, face coloration; C, pronotum and head, lateral; E, pronotum, dorsal; F, glandular area on metanotum. Female allotype. D, left hind leg, outer side. Photos Roy Kleukers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213253/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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F), but tergites not glandular. FWs well developed, but not covering half of the abdomen. Stridulum ressembling that of some
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<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1246F7FF50CC43FF08" box="[1222,1382,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1246F7FF50CC43FF08" box="[1222,1382,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Paragryllodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, with a large harp crossed by many oblique, parallel veins but without a distinct mirror (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124684FF36CDDCFF2E" box="[1205,1273,221,245]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,539,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,523,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – B, male forewings, lateral (A), dorsal (B) fields; C, right female forewing (dotted line: symetry axis on female dorsum; arrow, limit between dorsal and lateral fields); D – E, spurs and spines of female hindtibia, outer (D), inner (E) margins. Abbreviations: Forewing venation, h, harp; mi, mirror; others, see text; is / ia, inner subapical / apical spurs; oa / os, outer apical / subapical spurs; d, dorsal; m, median; v, ventral. Symbol: arrow, limit between FW dorsal and lateral fields. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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B). Additional venation: diagonal bifurcated toward the file; chords 2 and 3 fused near their base; a wide area between MA and CuA, flat, including a short, incomplete MP and a false vein made of a yellow fold; apical field reduced. Limit between lateral and dorsal fields made by MA. Lateral field (
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<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124171FEAECAA4FE86" box="[832,897,325,349]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,539,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,523,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – B, male forewings, lateral (A), dorsal (B) fields; C, right female forewing (dotted line: symetry axis on female dorsum; arrow, limit between dorsal and lateral fields); D – E, spurs and spines of female hindtibia, outer (D), inner (E) margins. Abbreviations: Forewing venation, h, harp; mi, mirror; others, see text; is / ia, inner subapical / apical spurs; oa / os, outer apical / subapical spurs; d, dorsal; m, median; v, ventral. Symbol: arrow, limit between FW dorsal and lateral fields. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A) narrowed distally; R bifurcated several times in an irregular way, only the distal bifurcations reaching FW lower margin; area between R and MA very wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9861B338FFC00A1242F6FE61CD5FFD6C" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
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Male genitalia: Pseudepiphallic sclerite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124093FE61CBCFFE79" box="[674,746,394,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1347,1370]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[169,1415,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – C, male genitalia, lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C) views; D – F, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (D), ventral (E), lateral (F) views; G – H, male subgenital plate, ventral (G), lateral (H) views; I, male supra anal plate; J, female subgenital plate, ventral view; K, female ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: ec a, ectophallic apodeme; ec f, ectophallic fold; en a, endophallic apodeme; en s, endophallic sclerite; ps l, pseudepiphallic lophi; ps p, pseudepiphallic paramere; ps s, pseudepiphallic sclerite; r, rami; v v, ventral valves. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C) longer than wide, its lateral margins almost parallel; median part less sclerotized than the lateral ones; distal margin slightly concave between two membranous lateral lophi bearing small setae; anterior margin greatly concave. Rami longer than pseudepiphallic sclerite and at right angle from it; two distinct contractions in their distal half. Pseudepiphallic parameres having the shape of a short concave plate, directly prolonging the ectophallic apodemes. Ectophallic apodemes long and quite thick, going beyond the anterior margin of pseudepiphallic sclerite; no ectophallic arc proper, but the base of ectophallic fold reinforced by a sclerotization of the epi-ectophallic invagination and connected to ectophallic apodemes; ectophallic fold otherwise membranous, except for a sclerite on its ventral side. Endophallic sclerite with three distal prongs. Endophallic apodeme lamellar; no endophallic crest. Endophallic cavity lacking.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9861B338FFC00A1242F6FD28CB29FCC4" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242F6FD28C802FD00" bold="true" box="[199,295,707,731]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Female:</emphasis>
|
||
FWs very short and not overlapping (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A1240FFFD29CA35FD01" box="[718,784,706,730]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,539,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,523,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – B, male forewings, lateral (A), dorsal (B) fields; C, right female forewing (dotted line: symetry axis on female dorsum; arrow, limit between dorsal and lateral fields); D – E, spurs and spines of female hindtibia, outer (D), inner (E) margins. Abbreviations: Forewing venation, h, harp; mi, mirror; others, see text; is / ia, inner subapical / apical spurs; oa / os, outer apical / subapical spurs; d, dorsal; m, median; v, ventral. Symbol: arrow, limit between FW dorsal and lateral fields. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C); venation reduced on both dorsal and lateral fields (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A12475FFD29C980FD26" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,539,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,523,1885]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – B, male forewings, lateral (A), dorsal (B) fields; C, right female forewing (dotted line: symetry axis on female dorsum; arrow, limit between dorsal and lateral fields); D – E, spurs and spines of female hindtibia, outer (D), inner (E) margins. Abbreviations: Forewing venation, h, harp; mi, mirror; others, see text; is / ia, inner subapical / apical spurs; oa / os, outer apical / subapical spurs; d, dorsal; m, median; v, ventral. Symbol: arrow, limit between FW dorsal and lateral fields. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213254/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Subgenital plate short; distal margin concave (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A1240E8FD0ECA38FD26" box="[729,797,741,765]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1347,1370]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[169,1415,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – C, male genitalia, lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C) views; D – F, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (D), ventral (E), lateral (F) views; G – H, male subgenital plate, ventral (G), lateral (H) views; I, male supra anal plate; J, female subgenital plate, ventral view; K, female ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: ec a, ectophallic apodeme; ec f, ectophallic fold; en a, endophallic apodeme; en s, endophallic sclerite; ps l, pseudepiphallic lophi; ps p, pseudepiphallic paramere; ps s, pseudepiphallic sclerite; r, rami; v v, ventral valves. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
J). Ovipositor arcuate; valves apex only slightly widened, without ornamentation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124395FCECC8CDFCC4" box="[420,488,775,799]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1347,1370]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[169,1415,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – C, male genitalia, lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C) views; D – F, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (D), ventral (E), lateral (F) views; G – H, male subgenital plate, ventral (G), lateral (H) views; I, male supra anal plate; J, female subgenital plate, ventral view; K, female ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: ec a, ectophallic apodeme; ec f, ectophallic fold; en a, endophallic apodeme; en s, endophallic sclerite; ps l, pseudepiphallic lophi; ps p, pseudepiphallic paramere; ps s, pseudepiphallic sclerite; r, rami; v v, ventral valves. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
K).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9861B338FFC00A1242F6FCC1CA6BFCBE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Female genitalia: Copulatory papilla small and apically rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A1241F3FCC1CD2CFC99" box="[962,1033,810,834]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1347,1370]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[169,1415,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – C, male genitalia, lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C) views; D – F, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (D), ventral (E), lateral (F) views; G – H, male subgenital plate, ventral (G), lateral (H) views; I, male supra anal plate; J, female subgenital plate, ventral view; K, female ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: ec a, ectophallic apodeme; ec f, ectophallic fold; en a, endophallic apodeme; en s, endophallic sclerite; ps l, pseudepiphallic lophi; ps p, pseudepiphallic paramere; ps s, pseudepiphallic sclerite; r, rami; v v, ventral valves. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D–F); sclerotization circular, wider ventrally than dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="00E5AFBDFFC00A124393FCA6C8C3FCBE" box="[418,486,845,869]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1347,1370]" captionTargetBox="[170,1414,195,1303]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[169,1415,195,1329]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Socotracris kleukersi n. gen., n. sp. A – C, male genitalia, lateral (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C) views; D – F, female copulatory papilla, dorsal (D), ventral (E), lateral (F) views; G – H, male subgenital plate, ventral (G), lateral (H) views; I, male supra anal plate; J, female subgenital plate, ventral view; K, female ovipositor, lateral view. Abbreviations: ec a, ectophallic apodeme; ec f, ectophallic fold; en a, endophallic apodeme; en s, endophallic sclerite; ps l, pseudepiphallic lophi; ps p, pseudepiphallic paramere; ps s, pseudepiphallic sclerite; r, rami; v v, ventral valves. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/213255/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Spermathecal duct very thin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9861B338FFC00A1242F6FC84CD97FA22" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242F6FC84C855FC53" bold="true" box="[199,368,879,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
To our knowledge, the combination of characters present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A12462BFC9BCDBEFC5C" box="[1050,1179,880,903]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A12462BFC9BCDBEFC5C" box="[1050,1179,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Socotracris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC00A124693FC9BCDCBFC53" box="[1186,1262,880,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has never been observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124315FC79C8F1FC71" box="[292,468,914,938]" class="Insecta" family="Phalangopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
crickets, and the relationships of this taxon are hard to hypothesize. Within African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1242A6FC5EC86FFC16" box="[151,330,949,973]" class="Insecta" family="Phalangopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phalangopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the venation of male FW, and more specifically the high number of harp veins and the structure of the mirror, resembles that of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124059FC33CA2DFC2B" box="[616,776,984,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124059FC33CA2DFC2B" box="[616,776,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Paragryllodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1241CBFC32CCBDFC34" authority="Kaltenbach, 1982" authorityName="Kaltenbach" authorityYear="1982" box="[1018,1432,983,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1241CBFC32CD95FC2B" box="[1018,1200,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">P. annulicornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A1246F2FC3CCCBDFC34" author="Kaltenbach" box="[1219,1432,983,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1982) Vorarbeiten fur eine Revision der Phalangopsidae der athiopischen Faunen-region (Saltatoria- Grylloidea). 1. Neue Arten der Gattung Paragryllodes Karny. Sitzungsberichten der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematish-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse Abt. I, 191 (5 - 1), 241 - 251." type="journal article" year="1982">Kaltenbach, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1242A6FC10CB7EFBC9" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1844" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,603,1018,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Homoeogryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242A6FC10C861FBC8" box="[151,324,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Homoeogryllus</emphasis>
|
||
Guérin-Méneville, 1844
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also shows many harp veins, but its FWs are well-developed, most often covering the whole body, and the mirror is wide and crossed by several parallel veins.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124642FBF5CDD1FBEE" box="[1139,1268,1054,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124642FBF5CDD1FBEE" box="[1139,1268,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Socotracris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC00A1246CDFBF5CC6DFBED" box="[1276,1352,1054,1078]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
clearly differs from these two genera by the structure of male genitalia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A124144FBD4CD3FFB8C" author="Desutter" box="[885,1050,1087,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Desutter, L. (1985) Etude preliminaire des especes africaines du genre Homoeogryllus Guerin-Meneville (Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (n. s.), 21, 189 - 206." type="journal article" year="1985">Desutter 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A124617FBD4CC75FB8C" author="Desutter-Grandcolas" box="[1062,1360,1087,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1998) Pulse duration and the effectiveness of acoustic communication in crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea): the case of Paragryllodes campanella, sp. n. (Phalangopsidae). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (n. s.), 34, 407 - 418." type="journal article" year="1998">Desutter-Grandcolas 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A12476CFBD4CCBDFB8C" author="Desutter-Grandcolas" box="[1373,1432,1087,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1999) The genus Paragryllodes Karny, 1909 in tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae): new taxa and field observations on the habitat of the species. Zoosystema, 21, 495 - 524." type="journal article" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A1242A6FB89C846FBA1" author="Kaltenbach" box="[151,355,1122,1146]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1982) Vorarbeiten fur eine Revision der Phalangopsidae der athiopischen Faunen-region (Saltatoria- Grylloidea). 1. Neue Arten der Gattung Paragryllodes Karny. Sitzungsberichten der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematish-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse Abt. I, 191 (5 - 1), 241 - 251." type="journal article" year="1982">Kaltenbach 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): the pseudepiphallic sclerite is longer than wide (transverse in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1246F5FB88CC41FBA0" box="[1220,1380,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1246F5FB88CC41FBA0" box="[1220,1380,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Paragryllodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1242A6FB6EC866FB46" box="[151,323,1157,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Homoeogryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242A6FB6EC866FB46" box="[151,323,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Homoeogryllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with small, indistinct lophi (large in both genera) and pseudepiphallic parameres have the shape of a horizontal plate (different in both genera).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A12409CFB43CA0BFB64" box="[685,814,1192,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A12409CFB43CA0BFB64" box="[685,814,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Socotracris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC00A124107FB42CAA6FB1A" box="[822,899,1193,1217]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
resembles however
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A12465AFB43CC3DFB1B" box="[1131,1304,1192,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Homoeogryllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A12465AFB43CC3DFB1B" box="[1131,1304,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Homoeogryllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the lack of ectophallic dorsal valves (well-developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A12409CFB20CA68FB38" box="[685,845,1227,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A12409CFB20CA68FB38" box="[685,845,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Paragryllodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the shape of the long endophallic sclerite, with a 3-prong distal margin (endophallic sclerite modified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124104FB06CAF0FADE" box="[821,981,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Paragryllodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124104FB06CAF0FADE" box="[821,981,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Paragryllodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the presence of ectophallic dorsal valves): these two characters may also be present in the Indian genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A12463CFAFBCC4EFAFC" authority="Saussure, 1897" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1897" box="[1037,1387,1295,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Arachnomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A12463CFAFBCD92FAF3" box="[1037,1207,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Arachnomimus</emphasis>
|
||
Saussure, 1897
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1242A6FAD8C88FFA91" authority="Uvarov, 1940" authorityName="Uvarov" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,426,1330,1355]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Kempiola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1242A6FAD8C821FA90" box="[151,260,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Kempiola</emphasis>
|
||
Uvarov, 1940
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have a different endophallic apodeme (longitudinal crest running on the sclerite, instead of an apical lamella). Of the other phalangopsid crickets present in the Indian Ocean, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124720FABECB2DFA54" authority="Bolivar, 1912 (Gorochov 2006)" authorityName="Bolivar, 1912 (Gorochov" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Seychellesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124720FABECCBEFAB6" box="[1297,1435,1365,1389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Seychellesia</emphasis>
|
||
Bolivar, 1912 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FC4FCEC9FFC00A124379FA9CCB25FA54" author="Gorochov" box="[328,512,1399,1423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" refString="Gorochov, A. V. (2006) New and little known crickets of the subfamily Phalangopsinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae): 3. Indonesia, the Philippines, and Seychelles. Entomological Review, 86, 438 - 448." type="journal article" year="2006">Gorochov 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124079FA93CAB5FA54" authority="Bolivar, 1895" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1895" box="[584,912,1399,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Phalangacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124079FA93CBFAFA4B" box="[584,735,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Phalangacris</emphasis>
|
||
, Bolivar, 1895
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A124666FA93CDFDFA54" box="[1111,1240,1400,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A124666FA93CDFDFA54" box="[1111,1240,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Socotracris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC00A1246D5FA92CC10FA4A" box="[1252,1333,1401,1425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by their pseudepiphallic sclerite and lophi (although their sclerite is shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FDEC8BBFFC00A1241E8FA70CD7FFA69" box="[985,1114,1435,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Haglotettigoniidae" genus="Socotracris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="AAAA6F2AFFC00A1241E8FA70CD7FFA69" box="[985,1114,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Socotracris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B199D251FFC00A124650FA70CD8AFA69" box="[1121,1199,1434,1458]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), and by the shape of their rami; the other parts of their genitalia and their general morphology are however different. A molecular analysis of phalangopsid relationships at the scale of the Indian Ocean is currently under way.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |