203 lines
26 KiB
XML
203 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="6BF4603CCD1D14A93E8310FD71196C36" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.276783" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cbd0de37-eabb-43d6-bae2-ff7fe53daac6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="276783" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460235511592" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2011" docId="03D28792FFC1FF9A84E410946DB6810B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02759p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2759" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ceramaster australis H.E.S. Clark 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFEBFFEAFFC4FF9D847312686C098034" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of high-latitude Goniasteridae (Subantarctic & Antarctic): one new genus, and three new species with an overview and key to taxa" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698239547451" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="ED750B826AF0D97826B4824B73E7769C">Taxonomy of high-latitude Goniasteridae (Subantarctic & Antarctic): one new genus, and three new species with an overview and key to taxa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="725C4E4DD3496E5931389E625C111AD1">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="464A53894AA45E204C1BECD915402AF1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2260CF35C0E51AD3C09F389B19F7E7CD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="345ED64991DFC9F873DD13C16C397C6C">
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<mods:date id="673DEE3217FD9E143F0117CFA51A06CD">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4F53503BB23611BECD57953D3473A1D7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0C1A97B4AF8C1F2834086813C3E0D75F">2759</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F827BA4C949E6D4C56E6A2948261C3FB">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="F90BDE68456131F254CDAFD8D8E715F6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="34B243867FC3889343EE25158F485AD5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.276783</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7472358F574E8E3794FF2439C961595A" type="GBIF-Dataset">cbd0de37-eabb-43d6-bae2-ff7fe53daac6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C0913755B5B10568F9BDC249343BC417" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E87631E33A49444164FCC4DCF501A6DF" type="Zenodo-Dep">276783</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D28792FFC1FF9A84E410946DB6810B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184323" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119388111" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184323" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D28792FFC1FF9A84E410946DB6810B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D28792FFC1FF9A84E410946DB6810B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9884E410946D338302" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884E410946FEC8321" blockId="5.[151,997,763,822]" box="[151,997,763,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D08C81E8FFC1FF9884E410946FEC8321" bold="true" box="[151,997,763,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884E410946FEC8321" bold="true" box="[151,997,763,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF9884E410946E8D8321" ID-CoL="SGJQ" authority="H.E.S. Clark, 2001" authorityName="H.E.S. Clark" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,644,763,790]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884E410946D9B8322" bold="true" box="[151,402,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ceramaster australis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFC1FF9885E910936E8D8321" author="Clark" box="[410,644,763,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">
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H.E.S. Clark,
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<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF98863910936E8D8321" box="[586,644,763,789]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08254" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="2001.0">2001</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFC1FF9886D810936FEC8321" author="Clark" box="[683,997,763,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">Clark & McKnight, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884E411766D338302" blockId="5.[151,997,763,822]" box="[151,314,798,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC1FF9884ED11766CF08302" box="[158,249,798,822]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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A–E)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9884E4110A684D8343" box="[151,1092,865,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884E4110A684D8343" blockId="5.[151,1092,865,887]" box="[151,1092,865,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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H.E.S. Clark in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFC1FF98854A110A6E9F8343" author="Clark" box="[313,662,865,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">H.E.S. Clark and McKnight, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 36 (as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF988690110A68358343" box="[739,1084,865,887]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="patagonicus" subSpecies="australis">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF988690110A68358343" box="[739,1084,865,887]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ceramaster patagonicus australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9884E411F66F788382" box="[151,881,926,951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884E411F66F788382" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" box="[151,881,926,951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884E411F66D398383" bold="true" box="[151,304,926,951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F36C7614FFC1FF98854411F66DA68382" box="[311,431,926,950]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
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Ridge and
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<collectingCountry id="F36C7614FFC1FF98865C11F76ED68382" box="[559,735,926,950]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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,
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||
<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF98869811F66F658382" box="[747,876,926,950]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.69" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="1.48" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="369.0" valueMax="590.0" valueMin="148.0">
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148–
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||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD0DFFC1FF98875211F66F658382" box="[801,876,926,950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">590 m</specimenCount>
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||
</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9884B411AA688C84CE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B411AA68F18416" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884B411AA6D4683EF" bold="true" box="[199,335,962,987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Comments.</emphasis>
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Although placed as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF98869611AB6F8683EF" box="[741,911,963,987]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF98869611AB6F8683EF" box="[741,911,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. patagonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a number of characters, including the swollen marginals, the differing number of furrow spines, the absence of pedicellariae from the marginal plates, and the subambulacral spine arrangement and number support separation of this taxon from
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF988034166368F88417" box="[1095,1265,1035,1059]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="patagonicus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF988034166368F88417" box="[1095,1265,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. patagonicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B41646688C84CE" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Based only on the description,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF98866C16476FC78472" authority="McKnight, 2006" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="2006" box="[543,974,1070,1095]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cognatus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF98866C16476F078473" box="[543,782,1071,1095]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ceramaster cognatus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFC1FF98876616466FC78472" author="McKnight" box="[789,974,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF9880BA16476D29845E" authority="H.E.S. Clark, 2001" authorityName="H.E.S. Clark" authorityYear="2001" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9880BA164769458472" box="[1225,1356,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. australis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFC1FF98812116466D29845E" author="Clark" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">H.E.S. Clark, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Shared characters include the swollen marginals, the flattened abactinals with angular granules, and similar furrow spine morphology.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF988667161F6F0984BA" box="[532,768,1142,1166]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF988667161F6F0984BA" box="[532,768,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ceramaster australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has 18–19 marginal plates per interradius at R=
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<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF988166161E696D84BA" box="[1301,1380,1142,1166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
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with four to six adambulacral furrow spines whereas
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF9886C116F36F318487" box="[690,824,1179,1203]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cognatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9886C116F36F318487" box="[690,824,1179,1203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. cognatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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has 20–21 marginals per interradius at R=
|
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<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF98816716F2696A8486" box="[1300,1379,1178,1202]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="46.0">46 mm</quantity>
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with five to six adambulacral furrow spines.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC1FF98862A16D76F4384E3" box="[601,842,1215,1239]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cognatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF98862A16D76F4384E3" box="[601,842,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ceramaster cognatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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differs only in the presence of scattered granules on the bare surfaces of the superomarginal plates that may indicate size or regional variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9884B4176E6F688552" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B4176E6F688552" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884B4176E6DBB852B" bold="true" box="[199,434,1286,1311]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE41FFC1FF9885C9176E6E02852A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[442,523,1286,1310]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1121579-
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C08826FFC1FF988609176E6F04852A" box="[634,781,1286,1310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7614FFC1FF98876A176E6F98852A" box="[793,913,1286,1310]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
|
||
Ridge 51°00 S,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5043FFC1FF988023176E68CE852A" box="[1104,1223,1286,1310]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="162.01666">162° 01’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF9880A7176E6951852A" box="[1236,1368,1286,1310]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" metricValueMax="3.71" metricValueMin="3.3299999999999996" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="352.0" valueMax="371.0" valueMin="333.0">
|
||
333–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD0DFFC1FF98817E176E6951852A" box="[1293,1368,1286,1310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">371 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884A117436D2D8577" box="[210,292,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="FFC51044FFC1FF98854217426DCA8576" box="[305,451,1322,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1965-02-08">8 Feb. 1965</date>
|
||
. (1 dry spec. R=4.2, r-2.9).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE41FFC1FF98876B17436F678576" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[792,878,1323,1346]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
(Paris) EcAh 12352
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7614FFC1FF9880031743692B8576" box="[1136,1314,1322,1346]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
18°49.40, 163°18.80,
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B61FFC1FF98856A17266D928552" box="[281,411,1358,1382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.875" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="5.85" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="587.5" valueMax="590.0" valueMin="585.0">
|
||
585–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD0DFFC1FF98852217266D928552" box="[337,411,1358,1382]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">590 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. MUSORSTOM 4,
|
||
<date id="FFC51044FFC1FF9886CB17266F548552" box="[696,861,1358,1382]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1985-09-20">Sept. 20, 1985</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361650FFFC1FF9A84B4171A6DB6810B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B4171A6F1785BE" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" box="[199,798,1394,1419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC1FF9884B4171A6D5085BF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1394,1419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body pentagonal (R/r=1.44), thickened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B417FE685786B2" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Abactinal plates mostly hexagonal to rounded polygonal in outline proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC1FF98803C17FE6886859A" box="[1103,1167,1430,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B) with pentagonal and more irregularly shaped plates present distally. Each plate covered by ~40–60 (usually about 50) granules. Peripheral granules 17–30 pentagonal to quadrate in shape froming distinct linear periphery, with 4–6 granules on each plate side. Central granules 8–30 rounded, not angular, evenly distributed proximally to crowded distally. Shallow but distinct fasciolar groove present between abactinal plates. Papulae absent interradially. Madreporite hexagonal with moderately deep sulci, bordered by six abactinal plates. Abactinal granules large proximally becoming smaller and more densely packed distally adjacent to contact with superomarginal plate series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC1FF9884B414FA68BE87DA" blockId="5.[151,1437,926,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Marginal plate series wide, 18 per interradius in each series (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC1FF9887F614FA6FCE869E" box="[901,967,1682,1706]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Correspondence between superomarginal and inferomarginal series is 1:1. Distal paired superomarginals, three to four pairs from terminal plate joined over midline with confluent peripheral granules but with largely bare plate surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC1FF98801614B268A186C6" box="[1125,1192,1754,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Superomarginals, convex in cross section, forming distinct dorsal-facing border and covered by small, round granules identical to those on abactinal surface covering lateral surface and surface of plate where bald spot is absent. Peripheral granules ~90–130 per side, round, 200–600 cover surface of superomarginal plate, evenly distributed. Prominent convex, bare spot, present on superomarginals occupying ~80% of dorsal-facing superomarginal plate series occupying more of plate surface distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC1FF98861915E66EA38792" box="[618,682,1934,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Inferomarginal plates lacking bare spot, completely covered by small, round granules. Inferomarginal forming convex contact with actinal plate surface. Actinal granules identical in size, distribution with those on inferomarginal plates urface. Terminal plate triangular, bare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC2FF9B84B412FF6F78810B" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,319]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Actinal plates quadrate to triangular proximally, to irregular distally. Arranged in 7 discrete chevron rows, becoming more irregular adjacent to the inferomarginal plate contact. Actinal plates covered by round granules, 50–60 similar to those on abactinal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A01FFC2FF9B86E412B76ED080C3" box="[663,729,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1734,1757]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,375,1709]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ceramaster patagonicus australis. USNM 1121579. A. Abactinal surface. B. Close-up of abactinal plates. C. Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series. D. Actinal surface. E. Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D, E). Peripheral granules approximately five to six per side, each with a discrete side. Actinal granules 15–30, within granular periphery, each round, evenly distributed proximally to more crowded distally adjacent to inferomarginal series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF04660CFFC2FF9B84E414AE6E1D872E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276784/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[151,1434,375,1707]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC2FF9B84E414AE6E1D872E" blockId="6.[151,1436,1734,1818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B84E414AE6D1F86EF" bold="true" box="[151,278,1734,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFC2FF9B856C14AF6E7786E8" box="[287,638,1734,1756]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Ceramaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="patagonicus" subSpecies="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B856C14AF6E7786E8" box="[287,638,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ceramaster patagonicus australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. USNM 1121579.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B873B14AE6F6886EF" bold="true" box="[840,865,1734,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B805C14AF684F86E8" bold="true" box="[1071,1094,1735,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up of abactinal plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B81F014AE699586E9" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1734,1757]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up of armtip showing superomarginal plate series.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B86A9148D6EFB86CE" bold="true" box="[730,754,1765,1786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFC2FF9B87D3148D6FBE86CE" bold="true" box="[928,951,1765,1786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up of actinal surface showing mouth and furrow spination. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC43684FFC2FF9A84B4152F6DB6810B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1862,2031]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,319]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Furrow spines five to six, exceptionally four (fig. 1E). Triangular to oval in cross-section, thick. Subambulacral spines three, round to quadrate in cross-section, similar in thickness and length to furrow spines. Adjacent rows, irregularly two, of adambulacral spines, granular, triangular to prismatic in cross-section, only 40–50% of height of subambulacral spines. Each row made up of three to six granular spines. Lower subambulacral granules separated from furrow+ subambulacral spines by distinct gap. Oral spines with eight to nine blunt furrow spines, thickened and similar to other furrow spines. Oral plate in each interradius divided in half by large gap filled with connective tissue. Each gap flanked by five spines/granules, each quadrate with sharp edges. Other spines/granules on oral plate similar, numbering five to six on oral plate. Two oral furrow spines per oral plate enlarged (total=4), triangular to angular in cross-section, projecting into mouth. Additional oral spines proximal to mouth opening also largest, adjacent to mouth.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |