390 lines
47 KiB
XML
390 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="60D3E0B0150169EE53E9BF41EDD087AF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.186587" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f979f9ce-284c-46d4-a6b0-25dfc8f77007" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="186587" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461053329372" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gawor, Anna, Hendrix, Ralf, Vences, Miguel, Böhme, Wolfgang & Ziegler, Thomas" docDate="2009" docId="033A95254647FFF777DBA196BAF7A23D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02051p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2051" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hylarana guentheri Boulenger 1882" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FF03ED5D464CFFFA774CA101BB6AA157" masterDocTitle="Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae)" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698580311479" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0DF168CBDA883CE1519A238732E0BCEC">Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0B1FC3D2E7AC20AF85887763D52DE61E">Gawor, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="54F6C4BF58621E8835267110236DCBF0">Hendrix, Ralf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="88BBD036A472FB96900CED83A6AFD24F">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9886683974BC72D292218045D5E3F44">Böhme, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3DF630F80EBE2BF274EFABB16B992D45">Ziegler, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DAC268509EBA421434DE1DFE00890E89">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A16ED56FC3EC1B02F617F7E964E8ED22">
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<mods:date id="06810F59DE357A4DE8C9249FEA807AAA">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A647C5DF1AF4C720725A43E83D63EC4D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8A7D14129A03627A4F8D323BF0C44158">2051</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A4944466965014D33C71E55C7968902E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.186587</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="033A95254647FFF777DBA196BAF7A23D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6217274" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6217274" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:033A95254647FFF777DBA196BAF7A23D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/033A95254647FFF777DBA196BAF7A23D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C38977B84647FFF177DBA196BA3BA038" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177DBA196B903A1E6" blockId="11.[151,617,151,177]" box="[151,617,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D064935F4647FFF177DBA196B903A1E6" bold="true" box="[151,617,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04647FFF177DBA196B903A1E6" ID-CoL="6MN53" authority="Boulenger, 1882" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,617,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF177DBA196B903A1E6" bold="true" box="[151,617,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF177DBA196BAEDA1E6" bold="true" box="[151,391,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hylarana guentheri</emphasis>
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(Boulenger, 1882)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177DBA1E1BA3BA038" blockId="11.[151,1437,224,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF177DBA1E1BA06A1AD" bold="true" box="[151,364,224,250]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Series examined.</emphasis>
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Tadpoles of
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<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04647FFF17545A1E0B99FA1AD" box="[521,757,225,250]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF17545A1E0B99FA1AD" box="[521,757,225,250]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hylarana guentheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ZFMK 86987-86988: n = 18) were collected in PNKB, Cha Noi region,
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<collectingCountry id="F38464A34647FFF17616A009BAD7A075" box="[346,445,264,290]" name="Vietnam" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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by R. Hendrix from
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<date id="FF2D02F34647FFF175F8A009B8C3A075" box="[692,937,264,290]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-06" valueMax="2006-08-31" valueMin="2006-06-00">June to August 2006</date>
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. The larvae were collected throughout day and night time in ponds (bomb craters) in a paddy field and at the forest edge at an altitude of about
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<quantity id="4C6B89D64647FFF1721CA02FBEF6A01F" box="[1360,1436,302,328]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
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above sea level.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C38977B84647FFF77789A07DBAF7A23D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF17789A07DB812A0EB" blockId="11.[151,1437,224,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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An adult specimen (ZFMK 86372) was collected at night near a forest stream within Cha Noi region of PNKB,
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<collectingCountry id="F38464A34647FFF177B8A0A3BA30A0EB" box="[244,346,418,444]" name="Vietnam" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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, at an altitude of about
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<quantity id="4C6B89D64647FFF17520A0A3B9DCA0EB" box="[620,694,418,444]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
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above sea level.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF17789A0C9B9ACA268" blockId="11.[151,1437,224,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF17789A0C9BA14A0B5" bold="true" box="[197,382,456,482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Identification.</emphasis>
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The adult specimen (
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<figureCitation id="13A838B64647FFF175C5A0C8B9B5A0B4" box="[649,735,457,483]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 a – d" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,359,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,348,1923]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1 a – d adult Hylarana from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam in life; a) H. attigua (ZFMK 86404, field number RH 06074), b) H. maosonensis (ZFMK 86374), c) H. guentheri (ZFMK 86372, field number RH 06007), d) H. nigrovittata. Photos: Ralf Hendrix. e) adult H. nigrovittata in life from near Chiang Mai, northern Thailand. Photo: Thomas Ziegler" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186588/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
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) largely agreed with the description provided by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF0259C24647FFF17208A0C8BB87A35D" author="Ziegler" pageId="11" pageNumber="25" refString="Ziegler, T. (2002) Die Amphibien und Reptilien eines Tieflandfeuchtwald-Schutzgebietes in Vietnam. Natur & Tier Verlag, Munster, 342 pp." type="book" year="2002">Ziegler (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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. Sequence congruence between the adult specimen (ZFMK 86372) and tadpoles (ZFMK 86987, 86988;
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<figureCitation id="13A838B64647FFF177BDA317BA2EA367" box="[241,324,534,560]" captionStart="FIGURE 2 a – d" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,186,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,183,1758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 a – d larvae of Hylarana from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam in life; a) H. attigua (ZFMK 87286, field number RH 06230), b) H. maosonensis (ZFMK 87300), c) H. guentheri (ZFMK 86988), d) H. nigrovittata. Photos: Ralf Hendrix. e) larva of H. nigrovittata from near Chiang Mai, northern Thailand in life. Photo: Thomas Ziegler" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186589/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
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) was 100 %. The following larval description is based on a single tadpole in Gosner stage 27 (
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<figureCitation id="13A838B64647FFF177ECA33CBB81A300" box="[160,235,573,599]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,255,667,691]" captionTargetBox="[170,1388,216,623]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,197,643]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Drawings of the preserved tadpole of Hylarana guentheri (stage 27) from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam; (A) dorsal view, (B) lateral view, (C) oral disc. Drawings by Anna Gawor" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186592/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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; for measurements see
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<tableCitation id="C61111884647FFF1754BA33CB90EA300" box="[519,612,573,599]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,231,882,903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,957,1855]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 6. Measurements (min. - max., mean and standard deviation, in mm) of the Hylarana guentheri larvae series from Phong Nha" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DFEC74BB4647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="DFEC74BB4647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0">Table 6</tableCitation>
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). The tadpole specimen used for description and drawing originates from the same water body as the DNA voucher specimen. In this water body, no other
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<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04647FFF173C3A365BF95A32A" box="[1167,1279,612,637]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF173C3A365BF95A32A" box="[1167,1279,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hylarana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species were observed. The DNA voucher specimen was destroyed for DNA extraction but examined morphologically before this procedure, and it fully agreed morphologically with the described and drawn specimen in the diagnostic characters (narrow upper jaw sheath, cone-shaped marginal papillae, one submarginal row of papillae, papillae unpigmented, silver-white colour with dark dorsoventral stripe). The identification of the described specimen is therefore well supported.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DFEC74BB4647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0" ID-Table-UUID="DFEC74BB4647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0" box="[151,1436,882,903]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DFEC74BB4647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[151,1436,957,1855]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177DBA273BEF6A2D0" blockId="11.[151,1436,882,932]" box="[151,1436,882,903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF177DBA273BB95A2D0" bold="true" box="[151,255,882,903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
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Measurements (min.-max., mean and standard deviation, in mm) of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04647FFF174F5A273BF1DA2D0" box="[953,1143,882,903]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
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<emphasis id="B9E7F8214647FFF174F5A273BF1DA2D0" box="[953,1143,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hylarana guentheri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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larvae series from Phong Nha
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177DBA28EBE79A2F3" blockId="11.[151,1436,882,932]" box="[151,1299,911,932]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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– Ke Bang National Park, Cha Noi region,
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<collectingCountry id="F38464A34647FFF17578A28EB9EFA2F3" box="[564,645,911,932]" name="Vietnam" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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(ZFMK 86987-86988); for abbreviations see material and methods.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177D3A2BCBE03A668" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<table id="F993D6934647000577DBA2BCBEF6A668" box="[151,1436,957,1855]" gridcols="7" gridrows="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA2BCBEF6A283" box="[151,1436,957,980]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA2BCB923A283" box="[151,585,957,980]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stage BH BL BW</th>
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<th id="76724F0D464700057530A2BCB9BAA283" box="[636,720,957,980]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ED</th>
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<th id="76724F0D46470005744EA2BCB83DA283" box="[770,855,957,980]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IND</th>
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<th id="76724F0D4647000574C4A2BCB88DA283" box="[904,999,957,980]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">IP</th>
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<th id="76724F0D464700057358A2BCBF0FA283" box="[1044,1125,957,980]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">LF</th>
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<th id="76724F0D4647000573D6A2BCBF86A283" box="[1178,1260,957,980]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MTH</th>
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<th id="76724F0D46470005726DA2BCBEF6A283" box="[1313,1436,957,980]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NP</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA2E3BEF6A2AE" box="[151,1436,994,1017]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA2E3B923A2AE" box="[151,585,994,1017]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.5–2.8 5.0–5.5 3.2–3.8</th>
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<td id="76724F0D464700057530A2E3B9BAA2AE" box="[636,720,994,1017]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–0.8</td>
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<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA2E3B83DA2AE" box="[770,855,994,1017]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.3–1.4</td>
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<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A2E3B88DA2AE" box="[904,999,994,1017]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.3–2.8</td>
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<td id="76724F0D464700057358A2E3BF0FA2AE" box="[1044,1125,994,1017]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–0.8</td>
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<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A2E3BF86A2AE" box="[1178,1260,994,1017]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.2–2.6</td>
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<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA2E3BEF6A2AE" box="[1313,1436,994,1017]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">14–35</td>
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</tr>
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<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA509BEF6A516" box="[151,1436,1032,1089]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA509B923A516" box="[151,585,1032,1089]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25 (2. 6 7 (5. 1 7 (3. 4 4 ±0.17) ±0.29) ±0.35)</th>
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<td id="76724F0D464700057530A509B9BAA516" box="[636,720,1032,1089]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 7 8 ±0.10)</td>
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<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA509B83DA516" box="[770,855,1032,1089]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 3 6 ±0.07)</td>
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<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A509B88DA516" box="[904,999,1032,1089]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2. 6 7 ±0.29)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A509BF0FA516" box="[1044,1125,1032,1089]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 8 3 ±0.72)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A509BF86A516" box="[1178,1260,1032,1089]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2. 4 4 ±0.25)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA509BEF6A516" box="[1313,1436,1032,1089]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(25 ±11)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA551BEF6A530" box="[151,1436,1104,1127]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA551B923A530" box="[151,585,1104,1127]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3) (n=3) (n=3)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A551B9BAA530" box="[636,720,1104,1127]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA551B83DA530" box="[770,855,1104,1127]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A551B88DA530" box="[904,999,1104,1127]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A551BF0FA530" box="[1044,1125,1104,1127]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A551BF86A530" box="[1178,1260,1104,1127]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA551BEF6A530" box="[1313,1436,1104,1127]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA574BEF6A5DB" box="[151,1436,1141,1164]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA574B923A5DB" box="[151,585,1141,1164]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.7–3.2 5.3–6.0 3.3–3.8</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA574B83DA5DB" box="[770,855,1141,1164]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A574B88DA5DB" box="[904,999,1141,1164]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.5–3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A574BF0FA5DB" box="[1044,1125,1141,1164]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A574BF86A5DB" box="[1178,1260,1141,1164]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.2–2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA574BEF6A5DB" box="[1313,1436,1141,1164]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25–33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA59BBEF6A5E6" box="[151,1436,1178,1201]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA59BB923A5E6" box="[151,585,1178,1201]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">26 (2. 8 8 (5. 6 3 (3. 4 6</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A59BB9BAA5E6" box="[636,720,1178,1201]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA59BB83DA5E6" box="[770,855,1178,1201]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 3 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A59BB88DA5E6" box="[904,999,1178,1201]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2. 7 1</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A59BBF0FA5E6" box="[1044,1125,1178,1201]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 7 5</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A59BBF86A5E6" box="[1178,1260,1178,1201]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2. 5 4</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA59BBEF6A5E6" box="[1313,1436,1178,1201]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(29 ±3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA5BCBEF6A583" box="[151,1436,1213,1236]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA5BCB923A583" box="[151,585,1213,1236]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.25) ±0.34) ±0.25)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA5BCB83DA583" box="[770,855,1213,1236]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.12)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A5BCB88DA583" box="[904,999,1213,1236]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.25)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A5BCBF0FA583" box="[1044,1125,1213,1236]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A5BCBF86A583" box="[1178,1260,1213,1236]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.28)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA5E3BEF6A5AE" box="[151,1436,1250,1273]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA5E3B923A5AE" box="[151,585,1250,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4) (n=4) (n=4)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A5E3B9BAA5AE" box="[636,720,1250,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA5E3B83DA5AE" box="[770,855,1250,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A5E3B88DA5AE" box="[904,999,1250,1273]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A5E3BF0FA5AE" box="[1044,1125,1250,1273]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A5E3BF86A5AE" box="[1178,1260,1250,1273]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA5E3BEF6A5AE" box="[1313,1436,1250,1273]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA409BEF6A448" box="[151,1436,1288,1311]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA409B923A448" box="[151,585,1288,1311]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.0–3.3 2.8–7.5 3.5–4.3</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A409B9BAA448" box="[636,720,1288,1311]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.8–1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA409B83DA448" box="[770,855,1288,1311]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.3–1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A409B88DA448" box="[904,999,1288,1311]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.0–3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A409BF0FA448" box="[1044,1125,1288,1311]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A409BF86A448" box="[1178,1260,1288,1311]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.5–3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA409BEF6A448" box="[1313,1436,1288,1311]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">23–38</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA42CBEF6A413" box="[151,1436,1325,1348]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA42CB923A413" box="[151,585,1325,1348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">27 (3. 1 7 (6. 0 8 (3. 8 8</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A42CB9BAA413" box="[636,720,1325,1348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 9 2</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA42CB83DA413" box="[770,855,1325,1348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 4 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A42CB88DA413" box="[904,999,1325,1348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(3. 2 3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A42CBF0FA413" box="[1044,1125,1325,1348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 8 0</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A42CBF86A413" box="[1178,1260,1325,1348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(2. 8 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA42CBEF6A413" box="[1313,1436,1325,1348]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(31 ±5)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA451BEF6A430" box="[151,1436,1360,1383]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA451B923A430" box="[151,585,1360,1383]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.16) ±1.25) ±0.27)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A451B9BAA430" box="[636,720,1360,1383]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.12)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA451B83DA430" box="[770,855,1360,1383]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.09)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A451B88DA430" box="[904,999,1360,1383]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.21)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A451BF0FA430" box="[1044,1125,1360,1383]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.11)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A451BF86A430" box="[1178,1260,1360,1383]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">±0.31)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA474BEF6A4DB" box="[151,1436,1397,1420]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA474B923A4DB" box="[151,585,1397,1420]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10) (n=10) (n=10)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A474B9BAA4DB" box="[636,720,1397,1420]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA474B83DA4DB" box="[770,855,1397,1420]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A474B88DA4DB" box="[904,999,1397,1420]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A474BF0FA4DB" box="[1044,1125,1397,1420]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A474BF86A4DB" box="[1178,1260,1397,1420]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA474BEF6A4DB" box="[1313,1436,1397,1420]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=10)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA49BBEF6A4E6" box="[151,1436,1434,1457]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA49BB923A4E6" box="[151,585,1434,1457]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">28 3.3 7.3 4.7</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A49BB9BAA4E6" box="[636,720,1434,1457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA49BB83DA4E6" box="[770,855,1434,1457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A49BB88DA4E6" box="[904,999,1434,1457]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A49BBF0FA4E6" box="[1044,1125,1434,1457]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A49BBF86A4E6" box="[1178,1260,1434,1457]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA49BBEF6A4E6" box="[1313,1436,1434,1457]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">45</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA4CEBEF6A4B3" box="[151,1436,1487,1508]" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA4CEB923A4B3" box="[151,585,1487,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">continued.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA4FCBEF6A745" box="[151,1436,1533,1554]" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA4FCB923A745" box="[151,585,1533,1554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stage NPD ODW RND</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A4FCB9BAA745" box="[636,720,1533,1554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SS</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA4FCB83DA745" box="[770,855,1533,1554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TAL</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A4FCB88DA745" box="[904,999,1533,1554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TL</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A4FCBF0FA745" box="[1044,1125,1533,1554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TMH</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A4FCBF86A745" box="[1178,1260,1533,1554]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TMW</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA4FCBEF6A745" box="[1313,1436,1533,1554]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">UF</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA71EBEF6A763" box="[151,1436,1567,1588]" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA71EB923A763" box="[151,585,1567,1588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.1–1.3 1.0–1.2 0.5–0.5</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A71EB9BAA763" box="[636,720,1567,1588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2.8–3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA71EB83DA763" box="[770,855,1567,1588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6.7–8.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A71EB88DA763" box="[904,999,1567,1588]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">11.7–14.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A71EBF0FA763" box="[1044,1125,1567,1588]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA71EBEF6A763" box="[1313,1436,1567,1588]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA743BEF6A723" box="[151,1436,1602,1652]" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA743B923A723" box="[151,585,1602,1652]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25 (1.17 ±0.10) (1.11 ±0.10) (0. 5 2 ±0.02)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A743B9BAA723" box="[636,720,1602,1652]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(3. 0 6 ±0.25)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA743B83DA723" box="[770,855,1602,1652]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(7. 72 ±1.08)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A743B88DA723" box="[904,999,1602,1652]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(12. 8 9 ±1.34)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A743BF0FA723" box="[1044,1125,1602,1652]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 22 ±0.10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A743BF86A723" box="[1178,1260,1602,1652]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA743BEF6A723" box="[1313,1436,1602,1652]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 83 ±0.17)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA783BEF6A7C0" box="[151,1436,1666,1687]" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA783B923A7C0" box="[151,585,1666,1687]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3) (n=3) (n=3)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A783B9BAA7C0" box="[636,720,1666,1687]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA783B83DA7C0" box="[770,855,1666,1687]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A783B88DA7C0" box="[904,999,1666,1687]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A783BF0FA7C0" box="[1044,1125,1666,1687]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A783BF86A7C0" box="[1178,1260,1666,1687]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA783BEF6A7C0" box="[1313,1436,1666,1687]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA7A4BEF6A7ED" box="[151,1436,1701,1722]" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA7A4B923A7ED" box="[151,585,1701,1722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.4 1.2–1.3 0.4–0.5</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A7A4B9BAA7ED" box="[636,720,1701,1722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4.0–4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA7A4B83DA7ED" box="[770,855,1701,1722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">5.8–8.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A7A4B88DA7ED" box="[904,999,1701,1722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">11.2–13.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A7A4BF0FA7ED" box="[1044,1125,1701,1722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A7A4BF86A7ED" box="[1178,1260,1701,1722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.0–1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA7A4BEF6A7ED" box="[1313,1436,1701,1722]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.7–1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA7C6BEF6A7AD" box="[151,1436,1735,1786]" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA7C6B923A7AD" box="[151,585,1735,1786]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">26 (1.25 ±0.08) (1. 2 9 (0. 4 9 ±0.08) ±0.03)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A7C6B9BAA7AD" box="[636,720,1735,1786]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(4. 2 1 ±0.32)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA7C6B83DA7AD" box="[770,855,1735,1786]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(7. 25 ±0.97)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A7C6B88DA7AD" box="[904,999,1735,1786]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(12. 8 8 ±1.14)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A7C6BF0FA7AD" box="[1044,1125,1735,1786]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 25 ±0.10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A7C6BF86A7AD" box="[1178,1260,1735,1786]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(1. 13 ±0.16)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA7C6BEF6A7AD" box="[1313,1436,1735,1786]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(0. 88 ±0.16)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA606BEF6A64B" box="[151,1436,1799,1820]" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA606B923A64B" box="[151,585,1799,1820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4) (n=4) (n=4)</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A606B9BAA64B" box="[636,720,1799,1820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA606B83DA64B" box="[770,855,1799,1820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A606B88DA64B" box="[904,999,1799,1820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A606BF0FA64B" box="[1044,1125,1799,1820]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A606BF86A64B" box="[1178,1260,1799,1820]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA606BEF6A64B" box="[1313,1436,1799,1820]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(n=4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35A326714647000577DBA62BBEF6A668" box="[151,1436,1834,1855]" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<th id="76724F0D4647000577DBA62BB923A668" box="[151,585,1834,1855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.6 1.2–1.8 0.4–0.7</th>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057530A62BB9BAA668" box="[636,720,1834,1855]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3.3–5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005744EA62BB83DA668" box="[770,855,1834,1855]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">8.2–11.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000574C4A62BB88DA668" box="[904,999,1834,1855]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">11.0–18.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D464700057358A62BBF0FA668" box="[1044,1125,1834,1855]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.2–1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D4647000573D6A62BBF86A668" box="[1178,1260,1834,1855]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1.3–1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76724F0D46470005726DA62BBEF6A668" box="[1313,1436,1834,1855]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">0.8–1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF177D3A64CBE08A6F5" blockId="11.[159,1378,1869,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">27 (1.34 ±0.13) (1. 4 7 (0. 5 5 (4. 7 3 (9. 53 (15. 6 2 (1. 43 (1.45 ±0.11) (1. 0 2 ±0.20) ±0.09) ±0.67) ±0.97) ±2.03) ±0.16) ±0.15) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10) (n=10)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334647FFF677D3A6AEBF4AA2C2" blockId="11.[159,1378,1869,1988]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
28 1.4 1.5 0.5 5.5 11.7 19.0 1.7 1.7 1.0
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A206BAE5A276" bold="true" box="[197,399,775,801]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colour pattern.</emphasis>
|
||
Colouration of tadpole in preservative: body glassy-white. Pigmentation is strongest from tip of snout to anterior corner of the eye. Behind the eyes, the body is covered with triangular blotches. Furthermore, the body is covered with densely pigmented blotches in the nares region, laterally in the intestinal coils region and ventrally around the heart. Tail slightly pigmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DFEC74BB4640FFF677DBA39ABE29A382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/186592/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[170,1388,216,623]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF677DBA39ABE29A382" blockId="12.[151,1436,667,725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF677DBA39ABA71A3E4" bold="true" box="[151,283,667,691]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Drawings of the preserved tadpole of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04640FFF675F7A39AB8FAA3E5" box="[699,912,667,690]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF675F7A39AB8FAA3E5" box="[699,912,667,690]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hylarana guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(stage 27) from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam; (A) dorsal view, (B) lateral view, (C) oral disc. Drawings by Anna Gawor
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A2A3B917A55E" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colouration in life: body silver to white, with a short dark stripe from the nostril to the anterior corner of the eye and with a dark fleck behind the eye. Tail fin silver to white with small blotches. Ventral side of body is grey, intestinal spiral is slightly visible.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A517B96FA44F" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A517B979A567" bold="true" box="[197,531,1046,1072]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description in dorsal view:</emphasis>
|
||
Body is oval shaped (maximum body width 0.64 of body length; body length 0.64 of tail length) with a pointed snout. Eyes of remarkable size (maximum diameter of eye 0.15 of body length), dorsolaterally directed and positioned at the beginning of the second third of the body. Interpupilar distance 0.83 of maximum body width. Nares slightly rimmed, anterolaterally positioned and directed. Nares are closer to the tip of snout than to pupil (rostro-narial distance 0.41 of naro-pupilar distance). Internarial distance 0.51 of interpupilar distance. Tail musculature is of moderate size (width of tail musculature at base 0.37 of maximum body width).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A425BFDDA71A" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A425B948A469" bold="true" box="[197,546,1316,1342]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description in lateral view:</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view body depressed (maximum body height 0.81 of maximum body width), with pointed snout. Spiracle is tubular-shaped, sinistral, laterally positioned and attached to the body wall. Spiracular opening is round, and closer to the end of body than to the snout. Body length 0.63 of tail length. Height of tail musculature at base 0.97 of tail musculature width. Tail musculature is gradually tapering from the proximal to the distal end. Myotomes of tail are V-shaped and from the second third of the tail onwards separated by broad myosepts. Upper fin of tail situated at the base of tail, slightly convex. Maximum height of lower fin 0.78 of maximum height of upper fin. Vent tube is located ventromedially; the cloacal aperture is dextral in dorsal view. Outer wall of vent tube adhered to lower tail fin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A75BBE41A662" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A75BBA20A723" bold="true" box="[197,330,1626,1652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Oral disc.</emphasis>
|
||
Oral disc anteroventrally positioned, trapezoidal, emarginated (oral disc width 0.38 of maximum body width) and nearly surrounded by marginal cone-shaped papillae. Upper labium with large medial gap without papillae. Marginal papillae of the lower labium elongated. Two or three submarginal papillae situated in the corner of the mouth, one row of submarginal papillae situated at the lower labium under the last keratodont row. Keratodont row formula 2(2)/3(1) or 1/3(1). Upper and lower beaks black, with low and fine serrations. Upper beak is M-shaped, wide with short appendices, lower beak V-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A643BFE7A60B" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" box="[197,1165,1858,1884]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A643BACAA60B" bold="true" box="[197,416,1858,1884]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Glandular Zones.</emphasis>
|
||
Areas with high density of secretory glands are not discernible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334640FFF67789A669BAE7A687" blockId="12.[151,1437,775,2000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214640FFF67789A669BA99A6D5" bold="true" box="[197,499,1896,1922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements (in mm).</emphasis>
|
||
BH 3.2±0.2; BL 6.1±1.3; BW 3.9±0.3; ED 0.9±0.1;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F38464A34640FFF67323A668BFCEA6D4" box="[1135,1188,1897,1923]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.5±0.1; IP 3.2±0.2; LF 0.8±0.1; NP 31±5; NPD 1.3±0.1; ODW 1.5±0.2; RND 0.6±0.1; TAL 9.5±1.0; TMH 1.4±0.2; TMW 1.5±0.1; UF 1.0±0.2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334641FFF7778AA196BB8BA024" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214641FFF7778AA196B976A1E6" bold="true" box="[198,540,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Variation within the series.</emphasis>
|
||
Series with 18 tadpoles in stages 25–30. Proportions vary as follows: BW 0.54–1.35 of BL, ED 0.13–0.29 of BL, IP 0.74–0.90 of BW, RND 0.31–0.50 of NPD,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F38464A34641FFF773EDA1BFBFBFA18F" box="[1185,1237,190,216]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
0.42–0.60 of IP, TMW 0.30–0.43 of BW, BH 0.71–0.90 of BW, TAL 1.09–2.88 of BL, TMH 0.35–0.53 of BH, TMH 0.42–0.56 of MTH, UF 0.27–0.40 of MTH, LF 0.57–1.33 of UF, ODW 0.29–0.44 of BW. Keratodont row formula 2(2)/3(1) or 1/3(1). General morphology and colouration in stages 25–30 is homogenous within the series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334641FFF7778AA07EBE53A363" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214641FFF7778AA07EBAB3A0CE" bold="true" box="[198,473,383,409]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Previous descriptions.</emphasis>
|
||
In comparison to the data provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF0259C24641FFF774E4A081BF52A0CD" author="Pope" box="[936,1080,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" refString="Pope, C. H. (1931) Notes on amphibians of Fukien, Hainan, and other parts of China. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 61, 397 - 611." type="journal article" year="1931">Pope (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for larvae from Nodoa,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F38464A34641FFF7721AA081BEF6A0CD" box="[1366,1436,384,410]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(at about stage 39) our series differed only slightly. In our tadpoles, tail fins measured about 1.5 of body length, whereas the tail fins measured at least 2.0 of body length in the Chinese larvae. The first keratodont row P1 of the lower labium is only slightly interrupted according to Pope’s (1931) description for Chinese larvae, whereas P1 is distinctly interrupted within the tadpoles from Phong Nha – Ke Bang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F38464A34641FFF77382A31BBE5FA363" box="[1230,1333,538,564]" name="Vietnam" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B2C24334641FFF77789A341BAF7A23D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214641FFF77789A341BAE1A30D" bold="true" box="[197,395,576,602]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C935FB04641FFF77547A340B9F5A30D" box="[523,671,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9E7F8214641FFF77547A340B9F5A30D" box="[523,671,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. guentheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected in a bomb crater next to a rice field in Phong Nha village and in a bomb crater near the forest edge at Cha Noi region between
|
||
<date id="FF2D02F34641FFF7730CA369BE08A3D5" box="[1088,1378,616,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2006-08-10" valueMax="2006-08-14" valueMin="2006-08-10">10 and 14 August 2006</date>
|
||
. The larvae were found near the shore area in the shallow water on the sandy ground between leaves, plants and in part also waste. Adults were seen near water bodies in anthropogenic areas such as rice fields, grassland, waysides or forest clearings especially throughout or after rain falls in altitudes up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C6B89D64641FFF773C0A3DDBFBDA3A1" box="[1164,1239,732,758]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. Sporadical mating calls of males were heard in the dry season but increased with the begin of the rainy season. Spawn was detected as a layer on the water surface of a pond in early
|
||
<date id="FF2D02F34641FFF774C0A228BF6FA214" box="[908,1029,809,835]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2006-07">July 2006</date>
|
||
. The yellow-black eggs measured
|
||
<quantity id="4C6B89D64641FFF777DBA251BA61A23D" box="[151,267,848,874]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |