treatments-xml/data/03/8A/87/038A87D6FFDEA21DFF00FCF1B50EF8D9.xml

<document id="91885BB035F8E0F2F0E42021A01CDE01" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6a00f9d5-b9e5-4bff-b285-efcfd607f070" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241767" ID-ZooBank="9CA00909-16CC-43F8-BFC0-B15540052EF9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460964935620" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Diaz, Sofia A., Moncada, Ligia I., Murcia, Carlos H., Lotta, Ingrid A., Matta, Nubia E. &amp; Adler, Peter H." docDate="2015" docId="038A87D6FFDEA21DFF00FCF1B50EF8D9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03914p557.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3914 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Simulium (Trichodagmia) chimguazaense Diaz, Moncada, Murcia, Lotta, Matta &amp; Adler, 2015, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="A6FBBABF-35AF-498B-B57A-4589405E08A3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="555" masterDocId="FFB3FFAEFFDCA213FF97FFCCB778FF95" masterDocTitle="Integrated taxonomy of a new species of black fly in the subgenus Trichodagmia (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the Páramo Region of Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="557" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="543" updateTime="1698557673839" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="A072F358370F8E9795FBE8F38C22DF24" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="226DEB7A9909E4110F59996FA53861BA">
<mods:title id="2A1DE7D69DECC3506A81B79FBD311740">Integrated taxonomy of a new species of black fly in the subgenus Trichodagmia (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the Páramo Region of Colombia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F0E8D62F830F949306E0F538C2549BCB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2F20B6093DCDB2BA2F9A85F783D7C6B6">
<mods:roleTerm id="1387775B2AF9EEC51C949AE3AB5AE117">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DBDD619903D67FA88D1CE7EE6FBEF83C">Diaz, Sofia A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DB5A7EC0488967F96DA187BCF6E53AC6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AF4598389549570FE15E878DB542CF36">
<mods:roleTerm id="7D0B6DBB04B44FA197F0E3975B52DAFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5885F09AD719E9FE8E27C2440A4D8169">Moncada, Ligia I.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5C5B780B13A0DC62389A4B1E9AB179E6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="91A01553BD9090129DD18C6BB8887D8B">
<mods:roleTerm id="7F1F69018535EE3014FC80BA7A7633EB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1BFF9C90910A3B7A359D6BE0E1E9777F">Murcia, Carlos H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="ECA56E101941CE6E038C75296416C247" type="personal">
<mods:role id="43FC8DC214C0A7748A419AC934865364">
<mods:roleTerm id="FE9AE7C1242E7714E95AD8B38B6226CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9057D61E3CAD6A554BA4A3808AC72864">Lotta, Ingrid A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E858A20E515029D0614AA602B7C723FF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="82A22D0D5F80D40FBCD0069E34EBD445">
<mods:roleTerm id="F9AF151CCFC2603BE20257A40D551A59">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8DA7297611AAC245ED18BC29E8D9D8BF">Matta, Nubia E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="62238F5FB6DE5DFF7788B92972A423F3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A6B988F6167AD2D5C774A0EB95537B9B">
<mods:roleTerm id="79976A1FAF3FEE12659684ED70898758">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1700E9F6144D9DF3ED1120E5956C628B">Adler, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D372A9602D6213E947A43F7FA898DAA7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="71B679A4F8D7E0C2900DAFF3016223D1" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="A139A82DCAD4B9B583A301AE3F8C6FFA">
<mods:title id="D45756D33A7AC16FC374E18519C184A5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2994B24E8AF6A4A4246F2241D86FE40D">
<mods:date id="D5C7AABE63B895D3F566308609DE5E5E">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="58D4AC591852382370F0F047FDA0E82B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C96CB8B095ADD59B8876C8647EA76362">3914</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AFE42B2B478ED123D4F6EF1414B0A05E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="3B386590EEAF20F1C140E03CCEC63CD9">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="16AD9BCA6CE1C26CF0C444DD3A0C2EE3" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C9B2F84B01EE84A67D2A7929B116BA20">541</mods:start>
<mods:end id="56F75CA051333AE4E4504CFDA17C45E5">557</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="C2E1142DCD3A64E7676290BBBE700B09">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="44B5E923D3BB9EE82B367ED8587CD877" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="293E2E16D9CFB774A10B188B3BC73DD5" type="GBIF-Dataset">6a00f9d5-b9e5-4bff-b285-efcfd607f070</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D8C678DD85401DA39E631A69876243D6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="058DFD92753E7654119D43F8E99E79FB" type="Zenodo-Dep">241767</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C333B2DBC9E78B6770704B6A8E5B89EC" type="ZooBank">9CA00909-16CC-43F8-BFC0-B15540052EF9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038A87D6FFDEA21DFF00FCF1B50EF8D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687539" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119593061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687539" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6FBBABF-35AF-498B-B57A-4589405E08A3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A87D6FFDEA21DFF00FCF1B50EF8D9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<subSubSection id="C339654BFFDEA211FF00FCF1B658FCED" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF00FCF1B453FCC2" blockId="2.[151,811,829,888]" box="[151,811,829,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<heading id="D0D481ACFFDEA211FF00FCF1B453FCC2" bold="true" box="[151,811,829,855]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF00FCF1B453FCC2" bold="true" box="[151,811,829,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDEA211FF00FCF1B5ECFCC2" box="[151,660,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF00FCF1B5ECFCC2" bold="true" box="[151,660,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Simulium (Trichodagmia) chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A9FFDEA211FD0CFCF1B453FCC2" box="[667,811,829,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF00FC93B658FCED" blockId="2.[151,811,829,888]" box="[151,288,863,888]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
(
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDEA211FF08FC93B66FFCED" box="[159,279,863,888]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-10="FIGURE 13" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStart-6="FIGURE 9" captionStart-7="FIGURE 10" captionStart-8="FIGURE 11" captionStart-9="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionStartId-10="13.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1344,1366]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionStartId-5="10.[151,250,1331,1353]" captionStartId-6="10.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionStartId-7="11.[151,250,552,574]" captionStartId-8="11.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionStartId-9="12.[151,250,1153,1175]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetBox-1="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1423,205,1156]" captionTargetBox-3="[302,1280,200,1310]" captionTargetBox-4="[167,1421,453,1112]" captionTargetBox-5="[198,1353,206,1289]" captionTargetBox-6="[163,1423,1443,1915]" captionTargetBox-7="[169,1423,209,516]" captionTargetBox-8="[167,1418,667,1413]" captionTargetBox-9="[166,1418,204,1113]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1167]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[292,1296,193,1323]" captionTargetId-4="figure@8.[151,1436,445,1128]" captionTargetId-5="figure@10.[180,1372,193,1302]" captionTargetId-6="figure@10.[150,1436,1434,1925]" captionTargetId-7="figure@11.[151,1435,193,531]" captionTargetId-8="figure@11.[151,1436,655,1425]" captionTargetId-9="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1132]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionTargetPageId-6="10" captionTargetPageId-7="11" captionTargetPageId-8="11" captionTargetPageId-9="12" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." captionText-10="FIGURE 13. Consensus trees, showing relationships of Simulium chimguazaense. A, B. Distance consensus trees based on neighbor joining inference, using the Kimura 2 - parameter model. A. COI. B. ITS 2. C, D. Phylogenetic consensus trees based on maximum parsimony (10,000 bootstrap replications). C. COI. D. ITS 2." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. C. Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. D. Tergite VII showing spine combs." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Larva of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Head capsule, dorsal view. B. Head capsule, ventral view showing postgenal cleft. C. Hypostomal teeth, ventral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Chromosome IS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), showing fixed inversions IS- 1 and IS- 2; fb = fine bands." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. Chromosome IIS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva). Bu = bulge, C = centromere, RB = ring of Balbiani, tr = trapezoidal." captionText-6="FIGURE 9. Chromosome IIL of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), with overlapping fixed inversions IIL- 1 and IIL- 2. The sequence for S. muiscorum can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ h’. C = centromere, gB = gray band, j = jagged, Pb = parabalbiani, pu = puffing band." captionText-7="FIGURE 10. Chromosome IIIS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva). Bl = blister, C = centromere, ca = capsule, N. O. = location of nucleolar organizer in S. muiscorum, ‘ 2 ’ = 2 bands." captionText-8="FIGURE 11. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), showing fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. muiscorum. The sequence for S. muiscorum can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’; bm = basal marker, C = centromere, N. O. = nucleolar organizer." captionText-9="FIGURE 12. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium muiscorum (female larva). Limits of fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. chimguazaense are shown. The sequence for S. chimguazaense can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’ The sex-differential region of S. muiscorum is indicated with a bracket (IIIL- 4); bm = basal marker, C = centromere, hb = heteroband (X linked), N. O. = nucleolar organizer." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/241771/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/241772/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/241773/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/241774/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/241775/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/241776/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/241777/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Figs. 1–13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339654BFFDEA218FF00FC6BB4FBF835" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF00FC6BB664FC70" blockId="2.[151,1437,935,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF00FC6BB66EFC55" bold="true" box="[151,278,935,960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">FEMALE.</emphasis>
Total length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDEA211FE22FC64B539FC2A" box="[437,577,936,960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="3.7" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.1">3.1–4.3 mm</quantity>
, mean 4.0 mm (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FC93FC65B46AFC55" box="[772,786,937,960]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">n</emphasis>
= 5). General body color brownish, with brownish and golden hair.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF50FC23B253FB48" blockId="2.[151,1437,935,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF50FC23B664FB9D" box="[199,284,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Head—</emphasis>
Frons and clypeus dark brown, with brown hair and with extent of silver pollinosity varying with angle of light; frons nearly square; head 3.3–3.5 times wider than frons. Eyes grayish brown. Maxillary palp slender, brown; palpomere III about 3.2–3.7 times longer than wide, and about 2.8–3.1 times longer than sensory vesicle; neck of sensory vesicle about 1/3 length of its body; palpomere V about 3.9 times longer than III. Antenna dark brown, 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDEA211FF7AFBB1B6E9FB03" box="[237,401,1149,1174]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.799999999999999" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="0.6799999999999999" valueMax="0.73" valueMin="0.63">0.63–0.73 mm</quantity>
long, lacking long, dense hair (contrary to condition in male), with 9 flagellomeres; pedicel and first flagellomere subequal in size. Lacinia with 26–29 teeth. Mandible with 30–33 short, stout teeth on inner margin and 7–9 thinner, longer teeth on outer margin. Cibarium broadly concave, shallow, without teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF50FB24B6BBF9D5" blockId="2.[151,1437,935,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF50FB24B649FA94" box="[199,305,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Thorax—</emphasis>
Length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDEA211FE10FB24B569FA95" box="[391,529,1256,1280]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.8 mm</quantity>
. Scutum in dorsal view blackish, with grayish cast and 2 silvery spots anteriorly; in anterior view blackish medially, bordered laterally with broad longitudinal grayish pollinose stripes contiguous anteriorly and extended posteromedially for short distance; silvery spots in anterodorsal view blackish; humeral calli brownish, each with 2 small, silvery patches; scutal hair golden. Scutellum pale brownish, with mixed dark brown and golden hairs. Postnotum dark brown, pollinose. Katepisternum brown, with silvery pollinosity. Anepisternal membrane bare. Wing length 4.0– 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDEA211FD2DFA56B46DFA24" box="[698,789,1434,1458]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="543" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
; basal section of radius with double row of dark brown setae; stem vein and base of costa with dark brown hair. Halter whitish, with base of stem brownish. Legs brown, slightly paler on basal ¾ of femora and tibiae; basal 1/3 of middle basitarsus and of hind tarsomere I grayish; basal ½ or more of hind basitarsus yellowish white; all hair golden, except brown on hind coxa. Claws each with welldeveloped sub-basal tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDEA211FF50F987B3A2F87F" blockId="2.[151,1437,935,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDEA211FF50F987B631F9F1" box="[199,329,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Abdomen—</emphasis>
Brown dorsolaterally, with pale, pollinose, median, longitudinal stripe on segments I–VII (widest on I and VII); tergites VIII–X grayish pollinose. Pale grayish ventrally, with brownish patches laterally on segments III–IX, shifting to silvery pollinose with anterior lighting. Basal fringe of first abdominal segment with long brown hair, except golden ventrolaterally; remaining segments with brown hair. Sternite VIII bare, with heavily sclerotized, brown, U-shaped concavity anteromedial to hypogynial valves. Cercus in lateral view subquadrangular, rounded posteriorly. Anal lobe (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDEA211FD7FF930B457F880" box="[744,815,1788,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B) in lateral view consisting of sclerotized, brown, subrectangular plate with membranous, unpigmented rounded, ventral, setose extension. Hypogynial valve (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDEA211FAF8F8D3B7D9F8CE" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C) small, slender, fingerlike, weakly sclerotized, nearly unpigmented, covered with microtrichia. Genital fork (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDEA211FF08F8AAB7A7F8EA" box="[159,223,1894,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A) slender; stem 1.6–2.3 times longer than arm; lateral plate subrectangular, with long, slender, anteriorly directed apodeme. Spermatheca 1.0–1.2 times longer than wide, darkly pigmented, 43–48% length of stem of genital fork; surface externally with faint polygonal pattern, internally with rows of short spicules; junction with spermathecal duct forming unpigmented area about 25–30% of greatest diameter of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFDFA210FF00F86DB597F861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="544" targetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDFA210FF00F86DB597F861" blockId="3.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FF00F86DB66DF823" bold="true" box="[151,277,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Terminalia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDFA210FE25F86DB5CEF822" box="[434,694,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="544" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FE25F86DB5CEF822" box="[434,694,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FD53F86DB584F822" bold="true" box="[708,764,1953,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">A–C.</emphasis>
Female. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FCC9F86DB40FF823" bold="true" box="[862,887,1953,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">A.</emphasis>
Genital fork, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FB0DF86EB3C9F822" bold="true" box="[1178,1201,1954,1975]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">B.</emphasis>
Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FE8CF80CB64BF843" bold="true" box="[283,307,1984,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">C.</emphasis>
Posterior portion of 9th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FB93F80CB343F840" bold="true" box="[1028,1083,1984,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">D, E.</emphasis>
Male. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FB13F80CB3E5F840" bold="true" box="[1156,1181,1984,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">D.</emphasis>
Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDFA210FE42F813B694F861" bold="true" box="[469,492,2015,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="544">E.</emphasis>
Gonostylus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD8A217FF00F86DB5F8F861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="545" targetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD8A217FF00F86DB5F8F861" blockId="4.[151,1436,1953,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FF00F86DB66BF823" bold="true" box="[151,275,1953,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD8A217FD5AF86DB4B7F822" box="[717,975,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="545" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FD5AF86DB4B7F822" box="[717,975,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FC4BF86DB48DF823" bold="true" box="[988,1013,1953,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">A.</emphasis>
Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FF71F80CB785F840" bold="true" box="[230,253,1984,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">B.</emphasis>
Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FC9FF80CB458F843" bold="true" box="[776,800,1984,2006]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">C.</emphasis>
Surface of filament. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FC6AF80CB36EF840" bold="true" box="[1021,1046,1984,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">D.</emphasis>
Gill, inner lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD8A217FA84F80CB252F840" bold="true" box="[1299,1322,1984,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="545">E.</emphasis>
Surface of posterior 1/3 of thorax, showing microtubercles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD9A216FF00FB69B6DAFB6D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="546" targetBox="[164,1423,205,1156]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD9A216FF00FB69B6DAFB6D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1188,1272]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FF00FB69B66DFB2F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1189,1211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD9A216FCA4FB68B34EFB2F" box="[819,1078,1188,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FCA4FB68B34EFB2F" box="[819,1078,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FBD2FB69B326FB2F" bold="true" box="[1093,1118,1189,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">A.</emphasis>
Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FEB7FB08B64FFB4C" bold="true" box="[288,311,1220,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">B.</emphasis>
Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FC95FB0FB463FB4C" bold="true" box="[770,795,1219,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">C.</emphasis>
Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FAA1FB08B237FB4C" bold="true" box="[1334,1359,1220,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">D.</emphasis>
Tergite VII showing spine combs.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD9A216FF50FAD3B6DBFAC9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1311,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FF50FAD3B65AFAAD" bold="true" box="[199,290,1311,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">MALE.</emphasis>
Total length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD9A216FE52FAECB52BFAA2" box="[453,595,1312,1336]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="4.4" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="4.1">4.1–4.7 mm</quantity>
, mean 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD9A216FD3AFAECB470FAA2" box="[685,776,1312,1336]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FC8AFAECB453FAA2" box="[797,811,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">n</emphasis>
= 4). General body color blackish, with golden and brownish to brassy hair.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD9A216FF50FAABB26EFA79" blockId="5.[151,1437,1311,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FF50FAABB67CFA15" box="[199,260,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Head</emphasis>
—Frons and postocciput with long, blackish hair. Clypeus with long, dense, blackish hair swept upward to scape. Antenna with scape bearing long, dense, blackish hair extended at least half length of entire antenna; first flagellomere longest, twice as long as wide; flagellomeres 2–9 slender. Maxillary palp with palpomeres II and III bearing long, blackish hair extended to palpomere IV; sensory vesicle about ¼ length of its palpomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD9A216FF50FA3BB664F8BA" blockId="5.[151,1437,1311,2020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FF50FA3BB660F985" box="[199,280,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Thorax</emphasis>
—Scutum blackish, velvety, unpatterned at all angles of light, except slight silvery pollinosity at humeral angles; scutal hair golden, recumbent, uniformly distributed, except denser at humeral angles. Scutellum brown, paler posteriorly, with brassy hair intermixed with few golden hairs. Postnotum dark brown, without hair. Wing length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD9A216FEBEF9A8B6CBF9EE" box="[297,435,1636,1660]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="546" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.1">4.1–4.4 mm</quantity>
; basal section of radius with 1 or 2 rows of brownish setae; stem vein and basicosta with brassy hair. Halter whitish, with stem brownish. Legs brownish, with coxae, apices of femora and tibiae, and entire fore- and midbasitarsi and eutarsi slightly darker, except basal 1/3 of hind basitarsus tan; hair of legs brassy, though mostly golden on femora. 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD9A216FE2BF903B68CF97D" box="[444,500,1743,1768]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia spindle-shaped, broadest at 2/3 its length. 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD9A216FB9FF903B338F97D" box="[1032,1088,1743,1768]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Hind</collectingCountry>
basistarsus widened, flattened, about 3.5 times longer than wide. Calcipala less than 1/3 width of apex of its segment; pedisulcus about ½ depth of tarsomere I.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD9A215FF50F8F7B543FED5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1311,2020]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="547" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD9A216FF50F8F7B632F8C1" box="[199,330,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Abdomen—</emphasis>
Tergites and sternites dark brownish; pleural region brownish, grading to grayish ventrally; tergites II, VI, and VII with dorsolateral pair of silvery spots. Basal fringe and all other abdominal hair brownish to brassy. Genitalia: Gonocoxite 1.2 times longer than wide; outer apodeme markedly extended anteriorly. Gonostylus in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD9A216FEA6F86BB617F855" box="[305,367,1959,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D) 3.1–3.7 times longer than greatest width, smoothly and gradually curved toward apex, about 1.2 times longer than gonocoxite, with 1 small subapical spinule; in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD9A216FBB0F807B31DF871" box="[1063,1125,1995,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="546">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E) slightly sinuous, about 3 times wider basally than subapically. Ventral plate in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FC0CFF5BB4A4FF25" box="[923,988,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[223,1354,206,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[212,1375,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Terminalia of Simulium chimguazaense. A – C. Female. A. Genital fork, ventral view. B. Cercus and anal lobe, lateral view. C. Posterior portion of 9 th sternite and hypogynial valves, ventral view. D, E. Male. D. Gonocoxite, gonostylus, and ventral plate, ventral view. E. Gonostylus, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241768/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D) subrectangular, 1.9–2.0 times wider than long, with hirsute, rounded protuberance centrally in slight concavity of posterior margin; anterior margin convex. Median sclerite, parallel sided, 1.2 times as long as wide, truncate at attachment with ventral plate, bifurcated in apical 1/3. Paramere slender, narrowly connected to series of small, weak spines. Aedeagal membrane with comblike clusters of microsetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FE80B4D2FEF1" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,938,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FE80B66FFEF0" bold="true" box="[199,279,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">PUPA.</emphasis>
Total length (without gill) 4.3–5.0, mean 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDAA215FD7BFE80B43AFEF1" box="[748,834,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FCC5FE81B418FEF1" box="[850,864,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">n</emphasis>
= 40).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FEA3B38BFE1D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,1267,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FEA3B67CFE1D" box="[199,260,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Head</emphasis>
—Cuticle smooth. Frontoclypeus bearing 2 trichomes laterally, each with 6 or 7 branches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FE58B6BAFD3D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FE58B660FE38" box="[199,280,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Thorax</emphasis>
—Cuticle smooth, but with minute rounded and pointed microgranules posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FA85FE58B226FE39" box="[1298,1374,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E); 9 trichomes dorsally, each with 10–12 branches, and 2 additional trichomes, each with 3–9 branches at each gill base; pair of trichomes with 4 or 5 branches on each wing sheath. Gill (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FCEFFE10B4C4FE61" box="[888,956,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D; 
<tableCitation id="C6A1037BFFDAA215FC49FE10B34CFE61" box="[990,1076,476,501]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 2. Number of gill filaments (right: left) for individual pupae of S. chimguazaense from the type locality." pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Table 2</tableCitation>
): Length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDAA215FB37FE10B251FE61" box="[1184,1321,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.1 mm</quantity>
, mean 1.0 mm, with 10–12 short, stout, brown to dark gray, transversely furrowed filaments in compact bundle grouped dorsal to ventral as (3 or 4) + 2 + (4 to 6); all branched within basal half of gill, except 1 or 2 pairs of filaments occasionally branched apically; middle pair of filaments thickest; in dorsal view, all filaments in 1 vertical plane, except middle pair directed medially (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FDD0FDA0B5F4FD11" box="[583,652,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B); transverse furrows shallow, obscure basally, deep, conspicuous in distal 2/3 of gill (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FECFFD43B6E7FD3D" box="[344,415,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Figs 2</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFDAA215FF00FD14B23FFD7A" box="[151,1351,728,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF00FD14B23FFD7A" blockId="6.[151,1351,728,751]" box="[151,1351,728,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF00FD14B671FD7A" bold="true" box="[151,265,728,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Number of gill filaments (right: left) for individual pupae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDAA215FC00FD14B32DFD7A" box="[919,1109,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FC00FD14B32DFD7A" box="[919,1109,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FD7EFCC6B435FCB5" blockId="6.[159,1284,778,883]" box="[745,845,778,800]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Filaments</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FE1CFCF8B6F2FB7D" blockId="6.[159,1284,778,883]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
12:12 12:11 11:11 11:10 10:10 Individuals 7 
<date id="FF9D1000FFDAA215FDA1FC91B370FCE6" box="[566,1032,861,883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" value="2013-05-02">2 5 13</date>
17 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FC78B649FC58" box="[199,305,948,973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Abdomen</emphasis>
—Tergite I pigmented; all other tergites unpigmented; II with 1 minute, fine seta, 1 minute, short, stout seta, and 4 anteriorly directed, stout setae per side; III and IV each with 1 minute, short, stout seta, and 4 anteriorly directed, recurved hooks per side (largest on IV); V with 2–4 minute, short, stout setae per side; VI with 2 minute, short, thin setae per side; VII with 1 minute, short, thin seta, and small cluster of spine combs (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FAACFBD2B206FBA2" box="[1339,1406,1054,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,205,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1167]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. C. Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. D. Tergite VII showing spine combs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
D) along anterior margin on each side; VIII with small cluster of spine combs and teeth (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FB18FB8DB3ACFBCF" box="[1167,1236,1089,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,205,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1167]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. C. Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. D. Tergite VII showing spine combs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
C) along anterior margin on each side; IX lacking terminal spines. All sternites with clusters of microspines; sternites III–V with 1 or 2 minute, short setae per side; V–VII with pair of stout, anteriorly directed hooks per side (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FB2EFB44B386FB34" box="[1209,1278,1160,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,205,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1167]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. C. Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. D. Tergite VII showing spine combs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
B); IX with 2 pigmented plates posteroventrally (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FD88FB60B519FB50" box="[543,609,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1189,1211]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,205,1156]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1167]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs of pupal surface of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Terminal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B. Sternite VII showing microspines and hook. C. Tergite VIII showing spine combs and minute teeth. D. Tergite VII showing spine combs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241770/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A). Pleural region of segments VII and VIII each with 1 minute, anteriorly directed seta per side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FB38B525FAC6" blockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FB38B666FA9E" box="[199,286,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Cocoon</emphasis>
—Total length along dorsal midline 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDAA215FD56FB3FB435FA9E" box="[705,845,1267,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="5.85" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="5.1">5.1–6.6 mm</quantity>
, mean 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDAA215FC36FB3FB484FA9E" box="[929,1020,1267,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
. Boot shaped, tightly and uniformly woven (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FF63FADAB643FABA" box="[244,315,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A); individual threads not apparent (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FD76FADAB45EFABA" box="[737,806,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[209,1377,205,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of pupa of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Cocoon, lateral view; inset shows details of silk. B. Thorax showing gills and trichomes, dorsal view. C. Surface of filament. D. Gill, inner lateral view. E. Surface of posterior 1 / 3 of thorax, showing microtubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241769/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A, inset); in lateral view, anterior margin only slightly higher than posterior margin of opening.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FA91B30EFA0F" blockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FA91B65EFAE3" bold="true" box="[199,294,1373,1398]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">LARVA</emphasis>
(mature) Length 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFDAA215FE62FA92B5F8FAE0" box="[501,640,1374,1398]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="8.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="8.7" valueMax="9.3" valueMin="8.1">8.1–9.3 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FD03FA93B5DAFAE3" box="[660,674,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">n</emphasis>
= 6). General body color dark brownish gray, darkest on thorax, palest on abdominal segments V–IX; intersegmental bands thin, less densely pigmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50FA68B351F8B5" blockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50FA68B67CFA28" box="[199,260,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Head</emphasis>
—Frontoclypeal apotome (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FDAFFA68B505FA28" box="[568,637,1444,1469]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1344,1366]" captionTargetBox="[302,1280,200,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1296,193,1323]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Larva of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Head capsule, dorsal view. B. Head capsule, ventral view showing postgenal cleft. C. Hypostomal teeth, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241771/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
A) brownish orange, paler than chestnut brown of remainder of head capsule; head spots weakly defined; anteromedial head spots positive, others negative; microsetae sparse; area around ocelli unpigmented. Cervical sclerites ovoid, free from postocciput. Antenna subequal in length to stem of labral fan, uniformly concolorous with frontoclypeal apotome; ratio of articles (proximal to distal including apical sensillum) approximately 1.0:2.0:1.0. Labral fan stout, with 38–49 primary rays. Mandible with sensillum bifid, well developed. Hypostoma (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FE71F999B553F9FB" box="[486,555,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1344,1366]" captionTargetBox="[302,1280,200,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1296,193,1323]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Larva of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Head capsule, dorsal view. B. Head capsule, ventral view showing postgenal cleft. C. Hypostomal teeth, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241771/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C) with slightly concave to straight anterior margin; median and lateral teeth subequal in prominence, extended anteriorly to same level; 3–6 lateral serrations per side; 17–19 unbranched or apically bifurcated hypostomal setae laterally, plus 1 or 2 additional, smaller, unbranched setae per side and 3 or 4 small, unbranched setae on central disk. Postgenal cleft (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDAA215FC99F90CB429F94D" box="[782,849,1728,1753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1344,1366]" captionTargetBox="[302,1280,200,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[292,1296,193,1323]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Larva of Simulium chimguazaense. A. Head capsule, dorsal view. B. Head capsule, ventral view showing postgenal cleft. C. Hypostomal teeth, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241771/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B) miter shaped, about 1.3 times longer than greatest width; extended about 80% of distance from posterior margin of tentorial pits to hypostomal groove; subesophageal ganglion and epidermis within postgenal cleft variably pigmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50F8E6B5E2F8F2" blockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50F8E6B660F8D6" box="[199,280,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Thorax</emphasis>
—Prothoracic proleg with lateral plate weakly sclerotized, pale yellowish brown, small, subrectangular. Gill histoblast of 10–12 short, stout filaments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDAA215FF50F8BDB6DBF860" blockId="6.[151,1437,948,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDAA215FF50F8BDB649F81F" box="[199,305,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="547">Abdomen</emphasis>
—Expanded gradually posteriorly, abruptly narrowed at segment VIII; ventral tubercles absent. Cuticle nearly bare. Anal sclerite with anterior arms broad; posterior arms slender, and about 1.8 times longer than anterior arms. Rectal papillae of 3 lobes with more than 25 fine lobules each. Posterior circlet with 200–221 rows of 26–32 hooklets each.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFDBA214FF00FA8CB5E2FAE0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241771/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" targetBox="[302,1280,200,1310]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDBA214FF00FA8CB5E2FAE0" blockId="7.[151,1436,1344,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FF00FA8CB660FAC0" bold="true" box="[151,280,1344,1366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Larva of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FE1BFA8CB5EBFAC3" box="[396,659,1344,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FE1BFA8CB5EBFAC3" box="[396,659,1344,1366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FD33FA8CB5C5FAC0" bold="true" box="[676,701,1344,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">A.</emphasis>
Head capsule, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FC63FA8CB373FAC0" bold="true" box="[1012,1035,1344,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">B.</emphasis>
Head capsule, ventral view showing postgenal cleft. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FEAFFA93B628FAE0" bold="true" box="[312,336,1375,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">C.</emphasis>
Hypostomal teeth, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDBA214FF50FA6DB475F9F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1441,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FF50FA6DB69CFA2F" bold="true" box="[199,484,1441,1466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Polytene chromosomes.</emphasis>
The polytene complements (2 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FCD8FA6EB425FA2C" box="[847,861,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">n</emphasis>
= 6) of 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFDBA214FC58FA6DB344FA2F" box="[975,1084,1441,1466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" type="larva">36 larvae</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFDBA214FBC6FA6DB3ADFA2F" box="[1105,1237,1441,1466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" type="female">15 females</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFDBA214FB72FA6DB229FA2F" box="[1253,1361,1441,1466]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" type="male">21 males</specimenCount>
) were analyzed from the 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFDBA214FEF0FA0AB6EFFA4B" box="[359,407,1478,1502]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">type</typeStatus>
locality in 2012 (
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFDBA214FDCAFA09B5BEFA48" box="[605,710,1476,1501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" type="larva">23 larvae</specimenCount>
from 
<date id="FF9D1000FFDBA214FC9EFA09B424FA48" box="[777,860,1476,1501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" value="1929-07">29 July</date>
, 8 from 
<date id="FF9D1000FFDBA214FC2EFA09B486FA48" box="[953,1022,1476,1501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">3 July</date>
, 5 from 
<date id="FF9D1000FFDBA214FBCDFA09B3C8FA48" box="[1114,1200,1476,1501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" value="1920-07">20 July</date>
). Chromosome I was metacentric and accounted for about 41% of the total complement length, whereas chromosomes II and III were submetacentric, with 30% and 29%, respectively, of the total length. The homologues were tightly paired. The centromere bands were heavily stained, and in chromosomes I and II they were located in conspicuously expanded regions. The nucleolar organizer was in the base of IIIL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFDBA21BFF50F9B5B56CFE1D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1441,2006]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="549" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">
The short arm of chromosome I (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDBA214FDD2F9B5B5F1F907" box="[581,649,1657,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1149,1171]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,453,1112]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,445,1128]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Chromosome IS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), showing fixed inversions IS- 1 and IS- 2; fb = fine bands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241772/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) had the fine bands (section 1) characteristic of species in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FF00F951B679F923" box="[151,257,1693,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FF00F951B679F923" box="[151,257,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and was 2 fixed inversions removed from the sequence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FC0DF951B349F920" box="[922,1073,1693,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FC0DF951B349F920" box="[922,1073,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The long arm of chromosome I (Fig. 6) included the ‘marker’ (section 25) and the Z marker (section 27), possibly homologous with the markers of the same names in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FD81F929B4FAF968" authority="Rothfels et al. 1978" authorityName="Rothfels et al." authorityYear="1978" box="[534,898,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FD81F929B5F8F96B" box="[534,640,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFDBA214FD06F929B402F968" author="Rothfels" box="[657,890,1765,1790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" refString="Rothfels, K., Feraday, R. &amp; Kaneps, A. (1978) A cytological description of sibling species of Simulium venustum and S. verecundum with standard maps for the subgenus Simulium Davies [sic] (Diptera). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56, 1110 - 1128. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 78 - 155" type="journal article" year="1978">
Rothfels 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FD6BF92AB44FF96B" box="[764,823,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">et al.</emphasis>
1978
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and the 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FC7CF929B326F968" box="[1003,1118,1765,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FC7CF929B326F968" box="[1003,1118,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. vernum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFDBA214FB2DF929B7ABF8B7" author="Hunter" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" refString="Hunter, F. F. &amp; Connolly, V. (1986) A cytotaxonomic investigation of seven species in the Eusimulium vernum group (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64, 296 - 311. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 86 - 050" type="journal article" year="1986">Hunter &amp; Connolly 1986</bibRefCitation>
), respectively. 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFDBA214FEEDF8C6B6EDF8B4" box="[378,405,1802,1825]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">IL</collectingCountry>
had no fixed differences relative to 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FCBDF8C6B4BAF8B4" box="[810,962,1802,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FCBDF8C6B4BAF8B4" box="[810,962,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but represented the sex arm (Fig. 7) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FA10F8C6B63AF8D3" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FA10F8C6B63AF8D3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. IL-2, which was Y-linked in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FD04F8E1B422F8D3" box="[659,858,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FD04F8E1B422F8D3" box="[659,858,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was fixed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FC6FF8E1B3E8F8D0" box="[1016,1168,1837,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FC6FF8E1B3E8F8D0" box="[1016,1168,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Chromosome IIS (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDBA214FAF9F8E1B7DDF8FC" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1331,1353]" captionTargetBox="[198,1353,206,1289]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[180,1372,193,1302]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Chromosome IIS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva). Bu = bulge, C = centromere, RB = ring of Balbiani, tr = trapezoidal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241773/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) had the classic trapezoidal marker (section 53), ring of Balbiani (section 49), and bulges (section 42); its sequence was identical to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FDB4F8B9B5C7F818" box="[547,703,1909,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FDB4F8B9B5C7F818" box="[547,703,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The long arm of IIL (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFDBA214FC42F8B9B364F818" box="[981,1052,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,1443,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[150,1436,1434,1925]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Chromosome IIL of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), with overlapping fixed inversions IIL- 1 and IIL- 2. The sequence for S. muiscorum can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ h’. C = centromere, gB = gray band, j = jagged, Pb = parabalbiani, pu = puffing band." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241774/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) included markers typical of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FE9FF855B60AF827" box="[264,370,1945,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FE9FF855B60AF827" box="[264,370,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the puffing band (section 57), grey band (section 60), jagged (section 63), and parabalbiani (section 67). It differed from the sequence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFDBA214FD37F871B443F840" box="[672,827,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFDBA214FD37F871B443F840" box="[672,827,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="548">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 2 overlapping fixed inversions. Chromosome IIIS (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD4A21BFF08FF5BB789FF25" box="[159,241,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,552,574]" captionTargetBox="[169,1423,209,516]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,193,531]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Chromosome IIIS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva). Bl = blister, C = centromere, ca = capsule, N. O. = location of nucleolar organizer in S. muiscorum, ‘ 2 ’ = 2 bands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241775/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) included the typical blister (section 75), capsule (section 78), and 2 heavy band markers (section 75); its sequence was identical to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFD83FF71B5D6FF41" box="[532,686,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFD83FF71B5D6FF41" box="[532,686,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The long arm of chromosome III (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD4A21BFBD1FF70B3EFFF41" box="[1094,1175,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionTargetBox="[167,1418,667,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,655,1425]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 11. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva), showing fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. muiscorum. The sequence for S. muiscorum can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’; bm = basal marker, C = centromere, N. O. = nucleolar organizer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241776/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) had the basal marker, possibly homologous with the marker of the same name in the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFC50FF13B2E0FF6D" authority="Golini &amp; Rothfels 1984" authorityName="Golini &amp; Rothfels" authorityYear="1984" box="[967,1432,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Boreosimulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFC50FF13B309FF6D" box="[967,1137,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Boreosimulium</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD4A21BFB17FF13B2E8FF6D" author="Golini" box="[1152,1424,223,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" refString="Golini, V. I. &amp; Rothfels, K. (1984) The polytene chromosomes of North American blackflies in the Eusimulium canonicolum group (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62, 2097 - 2109. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 84 - 304" type="book chapter" year="1984">Golini &amp; Rothfels 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. IIIL was the most rearranged arm with respect to 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFD61FEC9B4EDFE89" box="[758,917,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFD61FEC9B4EDFE89" box="[758,917,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD4A21BFC3DFEC8B37BFE89" box="[938,1027,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1153,1175]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,204,1113]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1132]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 12. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium muiscorum (female larva). Limits of fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. chimguazaense are shown. The sequence for S. chimguazaense can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’ The sex-differential region of S. muiscorum is indicated with a bracket (IIIL- 4); bm = basal marker, C = centromere, hb = heteroband (X linked), N. O. = nucleolar organizer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), differing by 3 overlapping fixed inversions. The base of IIIL represented the sex-differential region of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFC3FFEE4B339FED5" box="[936,1089,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFC3FFEE4B339FED5" box="[936,1089,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We do not know which of the 2 species has the more central band sequence among related species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFC45FE80B317FEF0" box="[978,1135,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFC45FE80B317FEF0" box="[978,1135,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and therefore, we refrain from numbering the IIIL sections.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FBB1B7A1FB27" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241772/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" targetBox="[167,1421,453,1112]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF00FBB1B7A1FB27" blockId="8.[151,1435,1149,1202]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFF00FBB1B66DFB07" bold="true" box="[151,277,1149,1171]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Chromosome IS of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFE7BFBB1B588FB06" box="[492,752,1149,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFE7BFBB1B588FB06" box="[492,752,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva), showing fixed inversions 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFB32FBB1B3A8FB06" box="[1189,1232,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">IS-1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFA92FBB1B257FB06" box="[1285,1327,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">IS-2</emphasis>
; fb = fine bands.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF50FB15B534FA11" blockId="8.[151,1436,1241,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFF50FB15B69FFB67" box="[199,487,1241,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFF50FB15B69FFB67" box="[199,487,1241,1266]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had two X-linked inversions (IL-1, IL-3) and one Y-linked inversion (IL-2) in 5 zygotic combinations (Figs. 6, 7); they assorted randomly in the combined sample from 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFBECFB32B236FA83" box="[1147,1358,1277,1302]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">29 June and 3 July</date>
(
<tableCitation id="C6A1037BFFD4A21BFACBFB31B7DFFAAC" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[159,1282,1539,1646]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. G-test for random assortment of sex chromosomes in S. chimguazaense from the type locality, 29 June and 3 July 2012 (G = 1.2984, df = 4, P&gt; 0.05)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" tableUuid="DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72">Table 3</tableCitation>
). A sample from 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFEE2FAEDB6B3FAAF" box="[373,459,1313,1338]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" value="1920-07">20 July</date>
, possibly representing a different generation or cohort had 4 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFB19FAEEB3D2FAAB" box="[1166,1194,1314,1342]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X1</date>
Y 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD4A21BFB29FAFCB269FAAF" box="[1214,1297,1313,1342]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 males</specimenCount>
and 1 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFAF3FAEEB2F8FAAB" box="[1380,1408,1314,1342]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X2</date>
Y 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD4A21BFA03FAFCB7A9FAF4" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
. At the 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD4A21BFEBDFA85B622FAF4" box="[298,346,1353,1377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">type</typeStatus>
locality (
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFE52FA84B51AFAF5" box="[453,610,1352,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" value="2012-06-29">29 June 2012</date>
), we found 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD4A21BFD70FA84B431FAF4" box="[743,841,1352,1377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
heterozygous for IL-1/IL-2 and 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD4A21BFB2EFA84B27DFAF4" box="[1209,1285,1352,1377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
homozygous for IL-1; neither is included in 
<tableCitation id="C6A1037BFFD4A21BFE65FAA0B53EFA11" box="[498,582,1388,1413]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1456,1479]" captionTargetBox="[159,1282,1539,1646]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. G-test for random assortment of sex chromosomes in S. chimguazaense from the type locality, 29 June and 3 July 2012 (G = 1.2984, df = 4, P&gt; 0.05)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" tableUuid="DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72">Table 3</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" ID-Table-UUID="DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C6648FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" targetBox="[159,1282,1539,1646]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB535FA72" blockId="8.[151,1435,1456,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFF00FA7CB672FA52" bold="true" box="[151,266,1456,1479]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
G-test for random assortment of sex chromosomes in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFCC7FA7CB375FA52" box="[848,1037,1456,1479]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFCC7FA7CB375FA52" box="[848,1037,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the type locality, 29 June and 3 July 2012 (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFE98FA1CB65AFA72" box="[271,290,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">G</emphasis>
= 1.2984, df = 4, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFE75FA1CB68AFA72" box="[482,498,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">P</emphasis>
&gt; 0.05).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFEEBF9CFB383F9FB" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<table id="F923C460FFD45DECFF08F9CFB27AF9FB" box="[159,1282,1539,1646]" gridcols="5" gridrows="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<tr id="35133482FFD45DECFF08F9CFB27AF989" box="[159,1282,1539,1564]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFF08F9CFB6D6F989" box="[159,430,1539,1564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X1X1</th>
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFDC7F9CFB5FBF989" box="[592,643,1539,1564]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X1X2</th>
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFCB2F9CFB420F989" box="[805,856,1539,1564]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X2X2</th>
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFC6DF9CFB355F989" box="[1018,1069,1539,1564]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X1Y1</th>
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFB58F9CFB27AF989" box="[1231,1282,1539,1564]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X2Y1</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35133482FFD45DECFF08F9E2B27AF9D1" box="[159,1282,1582,1604]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFF08F9E2B6D6F9D1" box="[159,430,1582,1604]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Observed 5</th>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFDC7F9E2B5FBF9D1" box="[592,643,1582,1604]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">5</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFCB2F9E2B420F9D1" box="[805,856,1582,1604]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">4</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFC6DF9E2B355F9D1" box="[1018,1069,1582,1604]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">9</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFB58F9E2B27AF9D1" box="[1231,1282,1582,1604]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35133482FFD45DECFF08F994B27AF9FB" box="[159,1282,1624,1646]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<th id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFF08F994B6D6F9FB" box="[159,430,1624,1646]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Expected 4.36</th>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFDC7F994B5FBF9FB" box="[592,643,1624,1646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">6.91</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFCB2F994B420F9FB" box="[805,856,1624,1646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">2.73</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFC6DF994B355F9FB" box="[1018,1069,1624,1646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">8.37</td>
<td id="76C25DFEFFD45DECFB58F994B27AF9FB" box="[1231,1282,1624,1646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">6.63</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF00F942B326F930" blockId="8.[151,1118,1678,1705]" box="[151,1118,1678,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFF00F942B7C9F93C" box="[151,177,1678,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X1</date>
= IL-1; frequency = 0.558. 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD4A21BFE4CF942B68DF93C" box="[475,501,1678,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">X2</date>
= IL-3; frequency = 0.442. Y1 = IL-2; frequency = 1.000.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF50F91EB35DF8C3" blockId="8.[151,1437,1745,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
In our sample of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFE1EF91EB55AF97C" box="[393,546,1746,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFE1EF91EB55AF97C" box="[393,546,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, females (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFD0EF91EB5DFF97C" box="[665,679,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">n</emphasis>
= 10) were either homozygous (70%) or heterozygous (30%) for a heteroband in the extreme base of IIIL (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD4A21BFDCCF939B5D6F89B" box="[603,686,1781,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1153,1175]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,204,1113]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1132]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 12. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium muiscorum (female larva). Limits of fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. chimguazaense are shown. The sequence for S. chimguazaense can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’ The sex-differential region of S. muiscorum is indicated with a bracket (IIIL- 4); bm = basal marker, C = centromere, hb = heteroband (X linked), N. O. = nucleolar organizer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241777/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), whereas all males (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFC09F93AB4D4F898" box="[926,940,1782,1805]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">n</emphasis>
= 7) were heterozygous for the heteroband. Two females also were heterozygous for IIIL-4 (= IIIL-1 of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD4A21BFCD2F8D6B49BF8A4" author="Moreno" box="[837,995,1817,1841]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" refString="Moreno, C. H. (1982) Estudio citogenetico de Simulium (Hemicnetha) muiscorum Bueno, Moncada y Munoz de Hoyos, 1979. Trabajo de Grado (Biologo), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia, 80 pp." type="book" year="1982">Moreno 1982</bibRefCitation>
). Our results regarding occurrence and frequencies of the heteroband and inversion agreed with those of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD4A21BFCE4F8F2B359F8C3" author="Moreno" box="[883,1057,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" refString="Moreno, C. H. (1982) Estudio citogenetico de Simulium (Hemicnetha) muiscorum Bueno, Moncada y Munoz de Hoyos, 1979. Trabajo de Grado (Biologo), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia, 80 pp." type="book" year="1982">Moreno (1982)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD4A21BFF50F8ADB662F808" blockId="8.[151,1437,1745,1949]" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">
Other than sex-linked rearrangements, no polymorphisms were found in either 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFB12F8AEB22BF8EF" box="[1157,1363,1889,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFB12F8AEB22BF8EF" box="[1157,1363,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD4A21BFA10F8AEB66BF808" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD4A21BFA10F8AEB66BF808" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="549">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD5A21AFF00FB5BB404FB78" blockId="9.[151,1437,1175,1262]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFF00FB5BB66BFB39" bold="true" box="[151,275,1175,1197]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Chromosome 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD5A21AFE3EFB54B6B9FB38" box="[425,449,1176,1197]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">IL</collectingCountry>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD5A21AFE73FB5BB59EFB38" box="[484,742,1175,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFE73FB5BB59EFB38" box="[484,742,1175,1197]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva), with X-linked inversion IL-1 present homozygously (
<date id="FF9D1000FFD5A21AFF09FB7AB7AAFB45" box="[158,210,1206,1232]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">X1X1</date>
). IL-1 is absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD5A21AFE06FB7BB562FB59" box="[401,538,1207,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFE06FB7BB562FB59" box="[401,538,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Limits of X-linked inversion IL-3 and Y-linked inversion IL-2 are shown with brackets. IL-2 is fixed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD5A21AFEA1FB14B6C7FB7B" box="[310,447,1240,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFEA1FB14B6C7FB7B" box="[310,447,1240,1262]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C = centromere, ma = marker, Z = Z band.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD5A21AFF00F87CB65FF87D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1968,2024]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFF00F87CB66CF853" bold="true" box="[151,276,1968,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Chromosome 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD5A21AFE3BF87DB6BCF853" box="[428,452,1969,1990]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">IL</collectingCountry>
(distal ¾ only) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD5A21AFD1FF87CB4F2F853" box="[648,906,1968,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD5A21AFD1FF87CB4F2F853" box="[648,906,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva), showing the 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD5A21AFB22F87DB39FF85F" box="[1205,1255,1969,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="550">X1X2</date>
sex-chromosome configuration.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD6A219FF00FAFFB641FAFD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241773/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="551" targetBox="[198,1353,206,1289]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD6A219FF00FAFFB641FAFD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1331,1384]" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FF00FAFFB66BFADD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1331,1353]" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Chromosome IIS of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD6A219FE7DFAFFB593FADC" box="[490,747,1331,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FE7DFAFFB593FADC" box="[490,747,1331,1353]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva). Bu = bulge, C = centromere, RB = ring of Balbiani, tr = trapezoidal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD6A219FF00F856B4D5F87B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241774/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="551" targetBox="[163,1423,1443,1915]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD6A219FF00F856B4D5F87B" blockId="10.[151,1436,1946,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FF00F856B66CF83A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1946,1968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Chromosome IIL of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD6A219FE66F856B58BF825" box="[497,755,1946,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FE66F856B58BF825" box="[497,755,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva), with overlapping fixed inversions 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FB6DF856B256F825" box="[1274,1326,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">IIL-1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FAF5F856B2EEF825" box="[1378,1430,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">IIL-2</emphasis>
. The sequence for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD6A219FED9F876B6A1F85A" box="[334,473,1978,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD6A219FED9F876B6A1F85A" box="[334,473,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="551">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘a’ through ‘h’. C = centromere, gB = gray band, j = jagged, Pb = parabalbiani, pu = puffing band.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD7A218FF00FDE4B46AFDC8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241775/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" targetBox="[169,1423,209,516]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD7A218FF00FDE4B46AFDC8" blockId="11.[151,1435,552,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FF00FDE4B667FDA8" bold="true" box="[151,287,552,574]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Chromosome IIIS of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE69FDE4B478FDAB" box="[510,768,552,574]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE69FDE4B478FDAB" box="[510,768,552,574]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva). Bl = blister, C = centromere, ca = capsule, N.O. = location of nucleolar organizer in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE79FD84B50FFDC8" box="[494,631,584,605]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE79FD84B50FFDC8" box="[494,631,584,605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ‘2’ = 2 bands.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD7A218FF00FA6AB3FBFA6C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241776/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" targetBox="[167,1418,667,1413]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD7A218FF00FA6AB3FBFA6C" blockId="11.[151,1436,1446,1529]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FF00FA6AB665FA2E" bold="true" box="[151,285,1446,1468]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Chromosome IIIL of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE6CFA6AB583FA29" box="[507,763,1446,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE6CFA6AB583FA29" box="[507,763,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva), showing fixed inversions 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FB09FA6AB3A2FA29" box="[1182,1242,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">IIIL-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FB71FA6AB25BFA29" box="[1254,1315,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">IIIL-2</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FACEFA6AB2EDFA29" box="[1369,1429,1446,1468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">IIIL-3</emphasis>
, relative to the sequence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE30FA09B548FA4E" box="[423,560,1477,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE30FA09B548FA4E" box="[423,560,1477,1499]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The sequence for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FD65FA09B403FA4E" box="[754,891,1477,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FD65FA09B403FA4E" box="[754,891,1477,1499]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘a’ through ‘j’; bm = basal marker, C = centromere, N.O. = nucleolar organizer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD7A218FF50F9ECB4FBF835" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FF50F9ECB6F4F9AC" bold="true" box="[199,396,1568,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">DNA sequences.</emphasis>
For COI, 510 of 710 sites were conserved, 184 were variable, and 121 were parsimony informative. COI sequences of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FD03F988B449F9C8" box="[660,817,1604,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FD03F988B449F9C8" box="[660,817,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had GC percentages of 34.3–35.4%, and the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FF00F9A4B679F914" box="[151,257,1640,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FF00F9A4B679F914" box="[151,257,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had 33.8–34.7%. For ITS2, 500 of 2642 sites were conserved, 173 were variable, and 73 were parsimony informative. The base composition for GC was 29.4–32.5% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FCCDF941B48FF933" box="[858,1015,1677,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FCCDF941B48FF933" box="[858,1015,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species and 20.4–39.7% in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FAA5F941B2E4F933" box="[1330,1436,1677,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FAA5F941B2E4F933" box="[1330,1436,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Genetic divergence between 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FDADF97DB479F95C" box="[570,769,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FDADF97DB479F95C" box="[570,769,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FCAFF97DB4AAF95C" box="[824,978,1713,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FCAFF97DB4AAF95C" box="[824,978,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 12%, which exceeds the divergence values between most species of insects (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD7A218FDE4F919B437F978" author="Hebert" box="[627,847,1749,1774]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" refString="Hebert, P. D. N., Ratnasingham, S. &amp; deWaard, J. R. (2003) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B) Biological Sciences, 270 (Supplement 1), S 96 - S 99." type="journal article" year="2003">
Hebert 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FD5BF91AB471F97B" box="[716,777,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD7A218FCC8F919B30BF978" author="Ruiz-Lopez" box="[863,1139,1749,1774]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" refString="Ruiz-Lopez, F., Wilkerson, R. C., Conn, J. E., McKeon, S. N., Levin, D. M., Quinones, M. L., Povoa, N. M. &amp; Linton, Y. M. (2012) DNA barcoding reveals both known and novel taxa in the Albitarsis Group (Anopheles: Nyssorhynchus) of Neotropical malaria vectors. Parasites and Vectors, 5, 44. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1186 / 1756 - 3305 - 5 - 44" type="journal article" year="2012">
Ruiz-Lopez 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FC79F91AB353F97B" box="[1006,1067,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). Interspecific divergence values of 2.8–19.5% have been reported for species of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FC4BF934B301F884" box="[988,1145,1784,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FC4BF934B301F884" box="[988,1145,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the largest values occurring between members of different species groups (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD7A218FCB4F8D1B301F8A0" author="Hernandez-Triana" box="[803,1145,1821,1846]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" refString="Hernandez-Triana, L. M., Crainey, J. L., Hall, A., Fatih, F., Mackenzie-Dodds, J., Shelley, A. J., Zhou, X., Post, R. J., Gregory, T. R. &amp; Hebert, P. D. N. (2012) DNA barcodes reveal cryptic genetic diversity within the blackfly subgenus Trichodagmia Enderlein (Diptera: Simuliidae: Simulium) and related taxa in the New World. Zootaxa, 3514, 43 - 69." type="journal article" year="2012">
Hernández-Triana 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FC6FF8D2B34BF8A3" box="[1016,1075,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). The consensus trees for COI did not group all 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE18F88CB554F8CC" box="[399,556,1856,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE18F88CB554F8CC" box="[399,556,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the same clade, whereas the trees for ITS2 revealed two clades, one with species of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE7CF8A9B5F0F8EB" box="[491,648,1893,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Trichodagmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE7CF8A9B5F0F8EB" box="[491,648,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Trichodagmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other with species of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FB11F8A9B388F8EB" box="[1158,1264,1893,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FB11F8A9B388F8EB" box="[1158,1264,1893,1918]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD7A218FA95F8A9B22CF8E8" box="[1282,1364,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionText="FIGURE 13. Consensus trees, showing relationships of Simulium chimguazaense. A, B. Distance consensus trees based on neighbor joining inference, using the Kimura 2 - parameter model. A. COI. B. ITS 2. C, D. Phylogenetic consensus trees based on maximum parsimony (10,000 bootstrap replications). C. COI. D. ITS 2." pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A–D). Both COI and ITS2 grouped 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FE4BF845B5DCF834" box="[476,676,1928,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FE4BF845B5DCF834" box="[476,676,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FD73F845B403F834" box="[740,891,1929,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FD73F845B403F834" box="[740,891,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339654BFFD7A21FFF50F861B604FA5C" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD7A21FFF50F861B604FA5C" blockId="11.[151,1436,1568,2025]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,1312,1949]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FF50F861B636F853" bold="true" box="[199,334,1965,1990]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD7A218FDD6F861B594F853" box="[577,748,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD7A218FDD6F861B594F853" box="[577,748,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is derived from the 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD7A218FC65F862B35AF853" box="[1010,1058,1966,1990]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">type</typeStatus>
locality in Chingaza, which (as “Chim-gua-za” or “Chim-wa-za”) in the extinct Muisca language means “God’s mountain of the night.” 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFF50FAECB66BFAAC" bold="true" box="[199,275,1312,1337]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFF50FAECB677FAAC" box="[199,271,1312,1337]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Types</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFE89FAECB6F3FAAC" box="[286,395,1312,1337]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: Male (pinned) with pupal exuviae in microvial of glycerin. 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFBC0FAEDB3F6FAAC" box="[1111,1166,1313,1337]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Type</typeStatus>
locality: 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD0A21FFA97FAECB2E0FAAD" box="[1280,1432,1312,1336]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
, Department of Cundinamarca, Chingaza Natural National Park (PNN Chingaza), Diamante Sector, Chuza River (
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFF08FAA4B653FA15" box="[159,299,1384,1408]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="4.643833">4°38'37.8&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFEA4FAA4B6ADFA14" box="[307,469,1384,1409]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="-73.74655">73°44'47.6&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD0A21FFE7CFAA4B539FA15" box="[491,577,1384,1408]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.101" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" unit="m" value="3101.0">3101 m</quantity>
asl, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFDE1FAA4B469FA15" box="[630,785,1384,1408]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2012-06-29">29 June 2012</date>
, collected by A.S. Diaz and I.A. Lotta. 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFB44FAA5B23CFA14" box="[1235,1348,1385,1409]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD0A21FFAC7FAA4B2E4FA14" box="[1360,1436,1384,1409]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD0A21FFF5FFA41B64DFA30" box="[200,309,1420,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(pinned) with pupal exuviae in microvials of glycerin, 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD0A21FFC3AFA41B37EFA31" box="[941,1030,1421,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD0A21FFBA8FA41B3E2FA30" box="[1087,1178,1420,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
in 80% ethanol. Same data as for 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFE85FA7CB600FA5C" box="[274,376,1456,1481]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD0A21FFF00FB4DB3E4FB66" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241777/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" targetBox="[166,1418,204,1113]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD0A21FFF00FB4DB3E4FB66" blockId="12.[151,1436,1153,1267]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFF00FB4DB659FB03" bold="true" box="[151,289,1153,1175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
Chromosome IIIL of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFD91FB4DB5A6FB02" box="[518,734,1153,1175]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFD91FB4DB5A6FB02" box="[518,734,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Simulium muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female larva). Limits of fixed inversions 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFB00FB4DB3ACFB02" box="[1175,1236,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">IIIL-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFB75FB4DB267FB02" box="[1250,1311,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">IIIL-2</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFACEFB4DB2EDFB02" box="[1369,1429,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">IIIL-3</emphasis>
, relative to the sequence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFE3FFB6DB525FB23" box="[424,605,1184,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFE3FFB6DB525FB23" box="[424,605,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shown. The sequence for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFC1AFB6DB33AFB23" box="[909,1090,1184,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFC1AFB6DB33AFB23" box="[909,1090,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘a’ through ‘j’ The sex-differential region of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFC6CFB73B3FDFB40" box="[1019,1157,1215,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFC6CFB73B3FDFB40" box="[1019,1157,1215,1237]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is indicated with a bracket (IIIL-4); bm = basal marker, C = centromere, hb = heteroband (X linked), N.O. = nucleolar organizer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C339654BFFD0A21DFF50FA18B50EF8D9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD0A21FFF50FA18B4F8F951" blockId="12.[151,1436,1312,1949]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFF50FA18B54EFA78" bold="true" box="[199,566,1492,1517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
Pupae in 80% ethanol: 7 from same location as 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFBCAFA18B3BAFA78" box="[1117,1218,1492,1517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFB59FA19B22BFA78" box="[1230,1363,1492,1517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2012-07-03">3 July 2012</date>
, A.S. Díaz &amp; F.A. Colorado; 26 from Diamante Sector, Diamante stream, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFC00FA34B30AF985" box="[919,1138,1528,1553]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2011-10-09" valueMax="2011-10-10" valueMin="2011-10-09">9–10 October 2011</date>
, A.S. Díaz &amp; I.A. Lotta; 9 from Palacio Sector, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFE1AF9D0B560F9A0" box="[397,536,1564,1589]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="4.700722">04°42'2.6&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFDB4F9D0B5BAF9A0" box="[547,706,1564,1589]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="-73.84417">73°50'39.0&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFD46F9D0B412F9A0" box="[721,874,1564,1589]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2012-04-05">5 April 2012</date>
, A.S. Díaz, I.A. Lotta &amp; F.A. Colorado; 4 from Monterredondo Sector, Monterredondo stream, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFD2BF98CB42DF9CD" box="[700,853,1600,1624]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="4.628083">04°37'41.1&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE175007FFD0A21FFCF7F98CB487F9CD" box="[864,1023,1600,1624]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" precision="1" value="-73.72428">73°43'27.4&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFB99F98CB3BEF9CD" box="[1038,1222,1600,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2009-10-09">9 October 2009</date>
, A.S. Díaz &amp; I.A. Lotta. Larvae in 80% ethanol: 48 from Diamante Sector, Diamante stream, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFC7DF9A9B309F9E8" box="[1002,1137,1636,1661]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2012-07-03">3 July 2012</date>
, A.S. Díaz &amp; I.A. Lotta; 4 from Monterredondo Sector, Monterredondo stream, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFD6AF944B4CDF935" box="[765,949,1672,1697]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2009-10-09">9 October 2009</date>
, A.S. Díaz &amp; I.A. Lotta; 11 from Palacio Sector, Piedras Blancas, 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD0A21FFE3CF961B545F950" box="[427,573,1708,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" value="2012-04-03">3 April 2012</date>
, F.A. Colorado &amp; I.A. Lotta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD0A21FFF50F91CB4F2F808" blockId="12.[151,1436,1312,1949]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFF50F91CB632F97C" bold="true" box="[199,330,1744,1769]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Bionomics.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFEC1F91CB500F97C" box="[342,632,1744,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFEC1F91CB500F97C" box="[342,632,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
colonized rocky streams and rivers 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD0A21FFBBAF91CB3B5F97D" box="[1069,1229,1744,1769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0375" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.975" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" unit="m" value="3037.5" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="2975.0">2975–3100 m</quantity>
asl. Larvae were attached to rocks and debris in swift streams 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD0A21FFD08F939B58EF899" box="[671,758,1781,1805]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="3.0">3–12 m</quantity>
wide, with temperatures of 8.5–9.5 °C, pH of 6.5–6.6, and dissolved oxygen of 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD0A21FFE16F8D4B567F8A4" box="[385,543,1816,1841]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.01" metricValueMax="8.21" metricValueMin="7.81" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" unit="mg" value="8.01" valueMax="8.21" valueMin="7.81">7.81–8.21 mg</quantity>
/l. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFDACF8D4B42FF8A4" box="[571,855,1816,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFDACF8D4B42FF8A4" box="[571,855,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected with 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFBAFF8D4B2EFF8A4" authority="Philippi" authorityName="Philippi" box="[1080,1431,1816,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Gigantodax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFBAFF8D4B25EF8A4" box="[1080,1318,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">Gigantodax chilensis</emphasis>
(Philippi)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFF00F8F1B514F8C0" authority="Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscaron" authorityName="Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscaron" box="[151,620,1852,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Gigantodax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paramorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFF00F8F1B644F8C1" box="[151,316,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">G. paramorum</emphasis>
Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscarón
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFDEEF8F1B4DBF8C0" authority="Wygodzinsky" authorityName="Wygodzinsky" box="[633,931,1852,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cormonsi">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFDEEF8F1B587F8C1" box="[633,767,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. cormonsi</emphasis>
Wygodzinsky
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFC27F8F1B202F8C0" authority="Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscaron" authorityName="Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscaron" box="[944,1402,1852,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcillatum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFC27F8F1B332F8C0" box="[944,1098,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. furcillatum</emphasis>
Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscarón
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFA10F8F1B66BF8ED" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFA10F8F1B66BF8ED" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFEC4F8ADB47AF8ED" authority="Coscaron &amp; Takaoka. One" authorityName="Coscaron &amp; Takaoka. One" box="[339,770,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pautense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFEC4F8ADB6ACF8ED" box="[339,468,1889,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. pautense</emphasis>
Coscarón &amp; Takaoka. One
</taxonomicName>
female and two male larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD0A21FFBFCF8ADB24BF8EC" box="[1131,1331,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="553" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD0A21FFBFCF8ADB24BF8EC" box="[1131,1331,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the 
<typeStatus id="54988862FFD0A21FFF00F849B7BFF808" box="[151,199,1925,1949]" pageId="12" pageNumber="553">type</typeStatus>
locality were infected with unidentified mermithid nematodes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFEF4FEECB4A9FE1C" blockId="13.[355,1095,288,565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFEF4FEECB41EFED0" bold="true" box="[355,870,288,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">A 100 S</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCE7FEF9B481FED0" box="[880,1017,308,325]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verecundum" subGenus="Simulium">
(
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FEF8B4FAFED0" box="[886,898,308,325]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC04FEF8B481FED0" box="[915,1017,308,325]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">verecundum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFE51FE96B6AEFEFD" bold="true" box="[454,470,346,360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">89</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFE9AB481FEF2" box="[858,1017,342,359]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verecundum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCCDFE9AB41EFEF2" box="[858,870,342,359]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FE9AB4FAFEF2" box="[886,898,342,359]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC04FE9AB481FEF2" box="[915,1017,342,359]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">verecundum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S. (S.) 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC04FEB4B4A9FE1C" box="[915,977,376,393]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reptans">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC04FEB4B4A9FE1C" box="[915,977,376,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">reptans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFCB7FE54B4A9FE39" blockId="13.[355,1095,288,565]" box="[800,977,408,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCB7FE54B440FE33" bold="true" box="[800,824,408,422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFE57B4A9FE39" box="[858,977,411,428]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reptans" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCCDFE57B41EFE39" box="[858,870,411,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FE57B4FAFE39" box="[886,898,411,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC04FE57B4A9FE39" box="[915,977,411,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">reptans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFCCDFE70B495FDA0" blockId="13.[355,1095,288,565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFE70B48AFE58" box="[858,1010,444,461]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimanum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCCDFE70B41EFE58" box="[858,870,444,461]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FE70B4F9FE58" box="[886,897,444,461]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC05FE70B48AFE58" box="[914,1010,444,461]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">nigrimanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC98FE11B45FFE7E" bold="true" box="[783,807,477,491]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFE13B48AFE65" box="[858,1010,479,496]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimanum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCCDFE13B41EFE65" box="[858,870,479,496]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FE13B4F9FE65" box="[886,897,479,496]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC05FE13B48AFE65" box="[914,1010,479,496]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">nigrimanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFDCDB36CFD87" box="[858,1044,513,530]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Trichodagmia">
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FDCDB4F9FD87" box="[886,897,513,530]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC05FDCDB36CFD87" box="[914,1044,513,530]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A9FFD1A21EFB8EFDC8B33FFD87" box="[1049,1095,516,530]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFDC7FDEEB510FDA5" bold="true" box="[592,616,546,560]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCCDFDE8B495FDA0" box="[858,1005,548,565]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCCDFDE8B41EFDA0" box="[858,870,548,565]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE1FDE8B4F9FDA0" box="[886,897,548,565]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC05FDE8B495FDA0" box="[914,1005,548,565]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFEAEFDABB3E3FD77" blockId="13.[313,863,615,629]" lastBlockId="13.[355,1287,695,931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFEAEFDABB4A0FD73" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 B 99</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFD02B3E3FD77" box="[1016,1179,718,738]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianense" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFD02B37EFD77" box="[1016,1030,718,738]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFD02B35EFD77" box="[1049,1062,718,738]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBAEFD02B3E3FD77" box="[1081,1179,718,738]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">guianense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC6FFD38B3E3FC9D" blockId="13.[355,1287,695,931]" box="[1016,1179,756,776]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFD38B3E3FC9D" box="[1016,1179,756,776]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianense" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFD38B37EFC9D" box="[1016,1030,756,776]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFD38B35EFC9D" box="[1049,1062,756,776]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBAEFD38B3E3FC9D" box="[1081,1179,756,776]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">guianense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC6FFCD7B3D9FCC0" blockId="13.[355,1287,695,931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFCD7B3B5FCBA" box="[1016,1229,795,815]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFCD7B37EFCBA" box="[1016,1030,795,815]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFCD7B35EFCBA" box="[1049,1062,795,815]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBAEFCD7B3B5FCBA" box="[1081,1229,795,815]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A9FFD1A21EFB44FCD3B27FFCBA" box="[1235,1287,799,815]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC88FC8EB449FCC6" bold="true" box="[799,817,834,851]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">91</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFC8DB3D9FCC0" box="[1016,1185,833,853]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFC8DB37EFCC0" box="[1016,1030,833,853]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFC8DB35EFCC0" box="[1049,1062,833,853]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBAEFC8DB3D9FCC0" box="[1081,1185,833,853]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC6FFCA4B3E6FCE9" blockId="13.[355,1287,695,931]" box="[1016,1182,872,892]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFCA4B3E6FCE9" box="[1016,1182,872,892]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFCA4B37EFCE9" box="[1016,1030,872,892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFCA4B35FFCE9" box="[1049,1063,872,892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBADFCA4B3E6FCE9" box="[1082,1182,872,892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">tuberosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC35FC43B3E6FC36" blockId="13.[355,1287,695,931]" box="[930,1182,911,931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC35FC43B4C5FC35" bold="true" box="[930,957,911,928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC6FFC43B3E6FC36" box="[1016,1182,911,931]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC6FFC43B37EFC36" box="[1016,1030,911,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB8EFC43B35FFC36" box="[1049,1063,911,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBADFC43B3E6FC36" box="[1082,1182,911,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">tuberosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFECAFC10B6FDFBF4" blockId="13.[349,1022,988,1005]" lastBlockId="13.[355,389,1077,1121]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFECAFC10B6FDFBF4" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 C</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFCB3FB44B4AFFB04" blockId="13.[485,1051,1154,1386]" box="[804,983,1154,1172]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCB3FB44B440FB01" bold="true" box="[804,824,1160,1172]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FB4EB4AFFB04" box="[846,983,1154,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verecundum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FB4EB421FB04" box="[846,857,1154,1169]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FB4EB40AFB04" box="[871,882,1154,1169]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FB4EB4AFFB04" box="[895,983,1154,1169]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">verecundum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFE72FB64B4CDFB5A" blockId="13.[485,1051,1154,1386]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFE72FB64B68BFB21" bold="true" box="[485,499,1192,1204]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">67</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FB6DB4AFFB25" box="[846,983,1185,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verecundum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FB6DB421FB25" box="[846,857,1185,1200]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FB6DB40AFB25" box="[871,882,1185,1200]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FB6DB4AFFB25" box="[895,983,1185,1200]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">verecundum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FB0CB4CDFB5A" box="[846,949,1216,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reptans" subGenus="Simulium">
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FB0CB40AFB5A" box="[871,882,1216,1231]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC17FB0CB4CDFB5A" box="[896,949,1216,1231]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">reptans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC81FB2CB4CDFB7B" blockId="13.[485,1051,1154,1386]" box="[790,949,1247,1262]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC81FB2CB452FB79" bold="true" box="[790,810,1248,1260]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FB13B4CDFB7B" box="[846,949,1247,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reptans" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FB13B421FB7B" box="[846,857,1247,1262]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FB13B40AFB7B" box="[871,882,1247,1262]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC17FB13B4CDFB7B" box="[896,949,1247,1262]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">reptans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFCD9FB32B4B5FAFF" blockId="13.[485,1051,1154,1386]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FB32B4AAFA98" box="[846,978,1278,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimanum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FB32B421FA98" box="[846,857,1278,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FB32B409FA98" box="[871,881,1278,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FB32B4AAFA98" box="[895,978,1278,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">nigrimanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC90FAD2B463FABF" bold="true" box="[775,795,1310,1322]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">100</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FAD1B4AAFAB9" box="[846,978,1309,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrimanum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FAD1B421FAB9" box="[846,857,1309,1324]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FAD1B409FAB9" box="[871,881,1309,1324]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FAD1B4AAFAB9" box="[895,978,1309,1324]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">nigrimanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FAF7B496FADF" box="[846,1006,1339,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Trichodagmia">
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FAF7B409FADF" box="[871,881,1339,1354]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FAF7B496FADF" box="[895,1006,1339,1354]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A9FFD1A21EFC64FAF1B363FADC" box="[1011,1051,1341,1353]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFDF2FA90B50BFAFD" bold="true" box="[613,627,1372,1384]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">99</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFCD9FA97B4B5FAFF" box="[846,973,1371,1386]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCD9FA97B421FAFF" box="[846,857,1371,1386]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCF0FA97B409FAFF" box="[871,881,1371,1386]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCE8FA97B4B5FAFF" box="[895,973,1371,1386]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFEA5FA56B433FA33" blockId="13.[306,843,1434,1446]" box="[306,843,1434,1446]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFEA5FA56B433FA33" bold="true" box="[306,843,1434,1446]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
35 30 25 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD1A21EFD83FA56B5CFFA33" box="[532,695,1434,1446]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" value="1920-10-15">20 15 10</date>
5 0
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFEF4FA15B6FDF990" blockId="13.[355,1276,1497,1755]" box="[355,389,1497,1541]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFEF4FA15B6FDF990" bold="true" box="[355,389,1497,1541]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">D</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFC2EF9C1B3EAF94E" blockId="13.[355,1276,1497,1755]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
99 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC7BF9CAB3F7F9D5" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guianense" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC7BF9CAB482F98F" box="[1004,1018,1542,1562]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF9CAB362F98F" box="[1037,1050,1542,1562]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBBAF9CAB3F7F98F" box="[1069,1167,1542,1562]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">guianense</emphasis>
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF9E0B362F9D5" box="[1037,1050,1580,1600]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBBAF9E0B3F7F9D5" box="[1069,1167,1580,1600]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">guianense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC7AF99FB3B9F9F2" box="[1005,1217,1619,1639]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Trichodagmia">
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF99FB362F9F2" box="[1037,1050,1619,1639]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBBAF99FB3B9F9F2" box="[1069,1217,1619,1639]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457A9FFD1A21EFB50F99AB384F9F3" box="[1223,1276,1622,1638]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
93 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC7BF9B5B3EDF918" box="[1004,1173,1657,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum" subGenus="Trichodagmia">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC7BF9B5B482F918" box="[1004,1018,1657,1677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF9B5B362F918" box="[1037,1050,1657,1677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">T</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBBAF9B5B3EDF918" box="[1069,1173,1657,1677]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC7BF96CB3EAF921" box="[1004,1170,1696,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosum" subGenus="Simulium">
S. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF96CB363F921" box="[1037,1051,1696,1716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBB9F96CB3EAF921" box="[1070,1170,1696,1716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">tuberosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
100 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFC7BF90BB3EAF94E" box="[1004,1170,1735,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuberosum" subGenus="Simulium">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC7BF90BB482F94E" box="[1004,1018,1735,1755]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFB9AF90BB363F94E" box="[1037,1051,1735,1755]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">S</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFBB9F90BB3EAF94E" box="[1070,1170,1735,1755]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">tuberosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21DFEADF8D8B6A7FEF1" blockId="13.[314,1001,1812,1829]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
25 
<date id="FF9D1000FFD1A21EFE56F8D8B5A7F8B0" box="[449,735,1812,1829]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" value="1920-10-15">20 15 10</date>
5 0 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF50FF5BB523FF25" bold="true" box="[199,603,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">Comparisons with related species.</emphasis>
The hypogynial valves of the female of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB8BFF54B39AFF25" box="[1052,1250,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB8BFF54B39AFF25" box="[1052,1250,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE82FF71B6BEFF41" box="[277,454,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE82FF71B6BEFF41" box="[277,454,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the illustration by Muñoz de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFC11FF71B35CFF40" author="Hoyos" box="[902,1060,188,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Munoz de Hoyos, P. M. (1996) Simulium (Grenieriella) sumapazense Coscaron &amp; Py-Daniel (Diptera: Simuliidae). Descripcion del adulto y larva. Redescripcion de la pupa. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 20, 141 - 148." type="journal article" year="1996">Hoyos (1996)</bibRefCitation>
. The valves are thinner and more digitiform than the subtriangular valves of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFD06FF2CB456FF6D" box="[657,814,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD06FF2CB456FF6D" box="[657,814,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCF4FF2CB356FF6D" box="[867,1070,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCF4FF2CB356FF6D" box="[867,1070,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the central, black stripe of the scutum is thicker than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE21FEC9B537FE89" box="[438,591,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE21FEC9B537FE89" box="[438,591,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The scutum of a pharate female of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC7BFEC9B3E5FE89" box="[1004,1181,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC7BFEC9B3E5FE89" box="[1004,1181,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described as dark brown, evidently without a pattern (Muñoz de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFD3CFEE4B441FED5" author="Hoyos" box="[683,825,295,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Munoz de Hoyos, P. M. (1996) Simulium (Grenieriella) sumapazense Coscaron &amp; Py-Daniel (Diptera: Simuliidae). Descripcion del adulto y larva. Redescripcion de la pupa. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 20, 141 - 148." type="journal article" year="1996">Hoyos 1996</bibRefCitation>
); well-tanned, dried material is needed to confirm the putative absence of a pattern.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C6648FFD1A21EFF00F85AB4F1F87F" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD1A21EFF00F85AB4F1F87F" blockId="13.[151,1436,1942,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFF00F85AB65AF839" bold="true" box="[151,290,1942,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
Consensus trees, showing relationships of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD1A21EFD73F85AB490F839" box="[740,1000,1942,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFD73F85AB490F839" box="[740,1000,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC61F85AB357F839" bold="true" box="[1014,1071,1942,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">A, B.</emphasis>
Distance consensus trees based on neighbor joining inference, using the Kimura 2-parameter model. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCADF879B42BF85F" bold="true" box="[826,851,1973,1994]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">A.</emphasis>
COI. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC04F87AB4D2F85E" bold="true" box="[915,938,1974,1995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">B.</emphasis>
ITS2. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFC65F879B353F85E" bold="true" box="[1010,1067,1973,1995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">C, D.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic consensus trees based on maximum parsimony (10,000 bootstrap replications). 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFD4EF818B589F87F" bold="true" box="[729,753,2004,2026]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">C.</emphasis>
COI. 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD1A21EFCA7F818B431F87C" bold="true" box="[816,841,2004,2025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="554">D.</emphasis>
ITS2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50FEBCB565FDA8" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
No reliable characters are available to distinguish the males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC31FEBCB308FE1D" box="[934,1136,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC31FEBCB308FE1D" box="[934,1136,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB3BFEBCB218FE1D" box="[1196,1376,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB3BFEBCB218FE1D" box="[1196,1376,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFF65FE59B6C0FE38" box="[242,440,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF65FE59B6C0FE38" box="[242,440,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCA2FE59B4B5FE39" box="[821,973,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCA2FE59B4B5FE39" box="[821,973,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the dimensions of the ventral plate (in ventral view): about 2.0, versus 2.4, times wider than long, respectively. As in other high-altitude species of the Andes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFF67FE10B51CFE61" author="Wygodzinsky" box="[240,612,476,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Wygodzinsky, P. &amp; Coscaron, S. (1979) Description of a black fly of the subgenus Simulium (Pternaspatha) from the high Andes of Ecuador (Diptera: Simuliidae). American Museum Novitates, 2670, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1979">Wygodzinsky &amp; Coscarón 1979</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFDE4FE10B426FE61" author="Mantilla" box="[627,862,476,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Mantilla, J. S., Moncada, L. I., Matta, N. E. &amp; Adler, P. H. (2013) Two new species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the High Andes of Colombia. Zootaxa, 3700 (3), 423 - 434. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3700.3.6" type="journal article" year="2013">
Mantilla 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD4BFE11B460FE60" box="[732,792,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
), the hair on the postocciput, antennal scape, and palpomeres II and III of the male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFDD7FDCCB472FD8D" box="[576,778,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFDD7FDCCB472FD8D" box="[576,778,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is dark, dense, and long, compared with the condition in related species at lower elevations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50FD8BB64AFC52" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
The pupa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEC3FD84B563FDF5" box="[340,539,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEC3FD84B563FDF5" box="[340,539,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFD6CFD84B4D2FDF5" box="[763,938,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD6CFD84B4D2FDF5" box="[763,938,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC77FD84B300FDF5" box="[992,1144,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC77FD84B300FDF5" box="[992,1144,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The 5 known pupae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FD84B653FD11" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FD84B653FD11" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have 12 filaments (Muñoz de 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFD19FDA1B464FD10" author="Hoyos" box="[654,796,620,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Munoz de Hoyos, P. M. (1996) Simulium (Grenieriella) sumapazense Coscaron &amp; Py-Daniel (Diptera: Simuliidae). Descripcion del adulto y larva. Redescripcion de la pupa. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 20, 141 - 148." type="journal article" year="1996">Hoyos 1996</bibRefCitation>
), and the number of pupal filaments in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB72FDA1B2F9FD11" box="[1253,1409,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB72FDA1B2F9FD11" box="[1253,1409,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is consistently 12, whereas the 44 examined pupae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFD76FD5CB4D0FD3D" box="[737,936,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD76FD5CB4D0FD3D" box="[737,936,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have 10 (53.4% of gills), 11 (28.4%), or 12 (18.2%) filaments. The gill filament formulas and branching patterns of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC53FD79B3F3FD58" box="[964,1163,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC53FD79B3F3FD58" box="[964,1163,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB55FD79B20BFD59" box="[1218,1395,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB55FD79B20BFD59" box="[1218,1395,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are nearly the same; however, the compact gill with uniformly short, swollen filaments of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFBFEFD14B248FD65" box="[1129,1328,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFBFEFD14B248FD65" box="[1129,1328,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contrasts with the loosely arranged, slender filaments, with two notably longer than the others, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFBE3FD31B25DFC81" box="[1140,1317,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFBE3FD31B25DFC81" box="[1140,1317,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The pupa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFF22FCECB636FCAD" box="[181,334,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF22FCECB636FCAD" box="[181,334,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slender filaments arranged as (2 + 4) + (2 + 4), contrasting with the (3 or 4) + 2 + (4 to 6) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FCECB63AFCC8" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FCECB63AFCC8" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The cuticle of the head and anterior thorax of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCDAFC89B36CFCC8" box="[845,1044,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCDAFC89B36CFCC8" box="[845,1044,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFBDEFC89B380FCC9" box="[1097,1272,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFBDEFC89B380FCC9" box="[1097,1272,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smooth, but is endowed with microtubercles in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFDBEFCA4B5BBFC15" box="[553,707,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFDBEFCA4B5BBFC15" box="[553,707,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other 12-filamented members of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB37FCA4B26EFC15" box="[1184,1302,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbitale">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB37FCA4B26EFC15" box="[1184,1302,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. orbitale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. The anterior margin of the cephalic plate is typically crenulate in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCF2FC41B378FC31" box="[869,1024,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCF2FC41B378FC31" box="[869,1024,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but not in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB07FC41B222FC30" box="[1168,1370,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB07FC41B222FC30" box="[1168,1370,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FC41B653FC5D" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FC41B653FC5D" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50FC18B3B5FBCD" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
The mature larva of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE39FC19B50EFC78" box="[430,630,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE39FC19B50EFC78" box="[430,630,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished most reliably from other species of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFAB1FC19B2E4FC78" box="[1318,1436,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbitale">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFAB1FC19B2E4FC78" box="[1318,1436,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. orbitale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, as revised by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFEE8FC3BB5E4FB85" author="Hernandez-Triana" box="[383,668,1015,1040]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Hernandez-Triana, L. M. (2011) Systematics of the Blackfly Subgenus Trichodagmia Enderlein (Diptera: Simuliidae: Simulium) in the New World. Ph. D. thesis. Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands, 546 pp." type="book" year="2011">Hernández-Triana (2011)</bibRefCitation>
, by the swollen filaments of the gill histoblast. It also differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FC34B66CFBA1" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FC34B66CFBA1" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEC2FBD1B572FBA1" box="[341,522,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEC2FBD1B572FBA1" box="[341,522,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in meristic characters, such as the number of hooks in the posterior circlet, although the extent of geographical and environmental variation in these characters is unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50FBA8B3FDFB35" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFF50FBA8B69DFBE8" box="[199,485,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF50FBA8B69DFBE8" box="[199,485,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is molecularly distinct from 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCA3FBA9B4B7FBE9" box="[820,975,1125,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCA3FBA9B4B7FBE9" box="[820,975,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on both the barcoding 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFABAFBA8B225FBE9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" box="[1325,1373,1124,1148]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14498" name="University of Coimbra Botany Department" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">COI</collectionCode>
gene and 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFF51FB44B78BFB35" box="[198,243,1160,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">ITS</collectionCode>
2. Molecular material of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFD90FB44B5CFFB35" box="[519,695,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD90FB44B5CFFB35" box="[519,695,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, was not available for analysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50FB60B4A9F929" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
The polytene chromosomes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFDB0FB61B597FB50" box="[551,751,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFDB0FB61B597FB50" box="[551,751,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC77FB61B301FB51" box="[992,1145,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC77FB61B301FB51" box="[992,1145,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by eight fixed inversions (
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF37FB1CB7B7FB7D" box="[160,207,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IS-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFF48FB1CB676FB7D" box="[223,270,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IS-2</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE8AFB1CB62FFB7D" box="[285,343,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIL-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEF0FB1CB6D8FB7D" box="[359,416,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIL-2</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE26FB1CB68BFB7D" box="[433,499,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD93FB1CB53EFB7D" box="[516,582,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL-2</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD1FFB1CB5B3FB7D" box="[648,715,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL-3</emphasis>
; IL-2 is fixed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC03FB1CB357FB7D" box="[916,1071,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC03FB1CB357FB7D" box="[916,1071,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and present only in males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FB1CB63AFA98" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FB1CB63AFA98" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Sex-linked rearrangements of the two species are found on nonhomologous chromosomes: I in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FB39B63AFAA5" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FB39B63AFAA5" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and III in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE22FAD4B535FAA5" box="[437,589,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE22FAD4B535FAA5" box="[437,589,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A mixed population in the Chuza River, without evidence of hybridization, indicated that 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFED2FAF1B56CFAC0" box="[325,532,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFED2FAF1B56CFAC0" box="[325,532,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFDCDFAF1B583FAC1" box="[602,763,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFDCDFAF1B583FAC1" box="[602,763,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are reproductively isolated. Although we did not have cytologically fixed material of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE62FAACB5DEFAED" box="[501,678,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE62FAACB5DEFAED" box="[501,678,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we were able to make limited comparisons with the chromosomal analysis by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFEB1FA49B6A2FA09" author="Romero" box="[294,474,1412,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Romero, E. M. V. (2002) Caracterizacion de los cromosomas politenicos de Simulium (Trichodagmia) sumapazense Coscaron y Py-Daniel, 1989 (Diptera: Simuliidae). Trabajo de Grado (Biologo), Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas, Bogota, Colombia, 74 pp." type="book" year="2002">Romero (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, who examined 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD49FFD2A21DFD36FA48B476FA08" box="[673,782,1412,1437]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" type="larva">48 larvae</specimenCount>
from the Teusacá River; the maps of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB77FA49B2EDFA09" box="[1248,1429,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB77FA49B2EDFA09" box="[1248,1429,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, did not allow a band-by-band comparison. The nucleolar organizer of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFBAEFA64B394FA55" box="[1081,1260,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFBAEFA64B394FA55" box="[1081,1260,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, like that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FA64B66BFA71" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FA64B66BFA71" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is in the base of 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFE42FA00B578FA71" box="[469,512,1484,1508]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIS</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD2A21DFD87FA00B51BFA71" box="[528,611,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,552,574]" captionTargetBox="[169,1423,209,516]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1435,193,531]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Chromosome IIIS of Simulium chimguazaense (female larva). Bl = blister, C = centromere, ca = capsule, N. O. = location of nucleolar organizer in S. muiscorum, ‘ 2 ’ = 2 bands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241775/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), rather than the base of 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFCE2FA01B4DEFA71" box="[885,934,1485,1508]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL</collectionCode>
. Ectopic pairing of centromeres I and II or of all three centromeres occurred in the majority of individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCF4FA3CB36BF99D" box="[867,1043,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCF4FA3CB36BF99D" box="[867,1043,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We found no ectopic pairing in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFA10FA3CB63AF9B8" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFA10FA3CB63AF9B8" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEFAF9D9B571F9B9" box="[365,521,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEFAF9D9B571F9B9" box="[365,521,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The parabalbiani in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC92F9D9B4C0F9B9" box="[773,952,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC92F9D9B4C0F9B9" box="[773,952,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is putatively in the basal half of IIL (not discernible on the maps of 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B31FFD2A21DFE4DF9F4B503F9C5" author="Romero" box="[474,635,1592,1616]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" refString="Romero, E. M. V. (2002) Caracterizacion de los cromosomas politenicos de Simulium (Trichodagmia) sumapazense Coscaron y Py-Daniel, 1989 (Diptera: Simuliidae). Trabajo de Grado (Biologo), Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas, Bogota, Colombia, 74 pp." type="book" year="2002">Romero 2002</bibRefCitation>
), but in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFD75F9F4B4D5F9C5" box="[738,941,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFD75F9F4B4D5F9C5" box="[738,941,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFC7CF9F4B3FFF9C5" box="[1003,1159,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFC7CF9F4B3FFF9C5" box="[1003,1159,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which differ from one another in the parabalbiani region by two fixed inversions, it is in the distal one-third of the arm. Sex determination was not clarified for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEEAF94CB555F90D" box="[381,557,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEEAF94CB555F90D" box="[381,557,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but possibly is based in 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFCD3F94CB40CF902" box="[836,884,1664,1687]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL</collectionCode>
, whereas for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB90F94CB3B6F90D" box="[1031,1230,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB90F94CB3B6F90D" box="[1031,1230,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is in 
<collectingCountry id="F3347650FFD2A21DFA88F94CB242F902" box="[1311,1338,1664,1687]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IL</collectingCountry>
(Figs. 6, 7) and for 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFE9BF969B6DCF929" box="[268,420,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFE9BF969B6DCF929" box="[268,420,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is in 
<collectionCode id="ED32AE05FFD2A21DFD97F969B555F929" box="[512,557,1701,1724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">IIIL</collectionCode>
near the centromere region (
<figureCitation id="13182A45FFD2A21DFCE7F968B4BBF929" box="[880,963,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1153,1175]" captionTargetBox="[166,1418,204,1113]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1132]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 12. Chromosome IIIL of Simulium muiscorum (female larva). Limits of fixed inversions IIIL- 1, IIIL- 2, and IIIL- 3, relative to the sequence of S. chimguazaense are shown. The sequence for S. chimguazaense can be obtained by alphabetically ordering fragments indicated by letters ‘ a’ through ‘ j’ The sex-differential region of S. muiscorum is indicated with a bracket (IIIL- 4); bm = basal marker, C = centromere, hb = heteroband (X linked), N. O. = nucleolar organizer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/241777/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C36C0FFD2A21DFF50F90BB50EF8D9" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,1869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">
Overall, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEBCF904B68DF975" box="[299,501,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEBCF904B68DF975" box="[299,501,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is structurally most similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFCCEF904B373F975" box="[857,1035,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumapazense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFCCEF904B373F975" box="[857,1035,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. sumapazense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, followed by 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB39F904B230F975" box="[1198,1352,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiscorum">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB39F904B230F975" box="[1198,1352,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. muiscorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These three species are found at the highest altitudes (&gt; 
<quantity id="4CDB9B25FFD2A21DFD5AF920B45CF891" box="[717,804,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
) among the known species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFB3EF921B267F890" box="[1193,1311,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orbitale">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFB3EF921B267F890" box="[1193,1311,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">S. orbitale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. We conclude that morphology, chromosomes, and molecular sequences collectively and independently corroborate the species status of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D43FFD2A21DFEC3F8F8B517F8D8" box="[340,623,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chimguazaense">
<emphasis id="B957EAD2FFD2A21DFEC3F8F8B517F8D8" box="[340,623,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="555">Simulium chimguazaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>