1227 lines
175 KiB
XML
1227 lines
175 KiB
XML
<document id="8B96690EB731BD081307CBBBC8A23419" ID-CLB-Dataset="280641" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772000.2022.2156002" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37a36af8-fae1-41b6-9bcd-fd661074832a" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259853" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1701771257926" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Grunwald, Amanda L., Demos, Terrence C., Nguéagni, Yvette, Tchamba, Martin N., Monadjem, Ara, Webala, Paul W., Peterhans, Julian C. Kerbis, Patterson, Bruce D. & Ruedas, Luis A." docDate="2023" docId="0F0487A7FFD66B3C7AF287B7FF35823A" docLanguage="en" docName="SystBiodiv.21.1.2156002.pdf" docOrigin="Systematics and Biodiversity 21 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2156002" docTitle="Pseudoromicia mbamminkom Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B22F2683-3946-4706-A65B-933B16CFDC19" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="F33DFFDFFFD16B33795F870BFFCE8719" masterDocTitle="A review of bats of the genus Pseudoromicia (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1701772835011" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="32C452837564DE05B0B4852CA194C591">
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<mods:title id="0B87160476168284541640BA36AAABF7">A review of bats of the genus Pseudoromicia (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A7AA7EC142FDA02D566B72A52CB16323">Grunwald, Amanda L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BAFC5B34FA029DC77F2784F6F6A5177F" type="ORCID">0000-0002- 8594-9383</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A714D009BF19658AE74F780D7C3EEF67">Department of Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Biology, Portland State University, SRTC – 247, Portland, P. O. Box 751, OR 97207 – 0751, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="40B5FA1FE3C4DCDF9957371EF08EF53D" type="email">amanda32@pdx.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D29498DDED00645E65AB207D5998D3D2">Demos, Terrence C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1C12F7DBB781DB36E25EA3ECDC6D2FBD" type="ORCID">0000-0003- 0522-3708</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4610EDD9B73186E6129989F299D8ECB4">Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 60605, IL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="194BEC017DC5589E5BB4EC97A0EA5854">Nguéagni, Yvette</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AA284EFE966F320EA5BE9204F601F6BB">Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E9ED29D514D79AEBAD2CD4AE0E4F944B">Tchamba, Martin N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F21798D1384C7BD5FA4CB0EB48F8FE31">Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F226ED90740EAE64B3CD60A220A5E3FE">Monadjem, Ara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3EA447CDD4945463D3B688F0FF101B05">Department of Biological Sciences, University of Eswatini, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Eswatini & Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 20, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BAA71FD35CF31A46F3373DD71121BA6C">Webala, Paul W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AD0A61A2AA5DBC46E6A11DF5ECE38868">Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Maasai Mara University, Narok, P. O. Box 861, 20500, Kenya.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B74BA59520884EEE4F2085F46E495E12">Peterhans, Julian C. Kerbis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31D8DA028DAA8C16D36AA7EE0CDCEA39">Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 60605, IL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="69F7F9902FE4E96C7676140826862702">Patterson, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="34B6C495936BF63597E7E62CEDF7FE0E" type="ORCID">0000-0002- 2249-7260</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="416DBBD59A5E44C6375F1AC81D5CDA3A">Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 60605, IL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2CA575643EA0D0B344B76DEAF4E07C16">Ruedas, Luis A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA00F64A76339B05FD3EF37A7C99DF34" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4746-4799</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="03699565F7B57647C2150ADAE17C62B1">Department of Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Biology, Portland State University, SRTC – 247, Portland, P. O. Box 751, OR 97207 – 0751, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D97E67F6188F33336F460098675FA319">Systematics and Biodiversity</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9DBD08DB8AA74A7828E1AFA87762A717">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0F0487A7FFD66B3C7AF287B7FF35823A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259795" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B22F2683-3946-4706-A65B-933B16CFDC19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F0487A7FFD66B3C7AF287B7FF35823A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B347AF287B7FAC487EF" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347AF287B7FAC487EF" blockId="7.[941,1371,188,281]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD66B347AF287B7FAC487EF" bold="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347AF287B7FA9587CD" bold="true" box="[941,1371,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347AF287B7FB3787CD" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[941,1273,188,212]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347AF287B7FB3787CD" bold="true" box="[941,1273,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFD66B347C5E87B6FA9587CD" box="[1281,1371,189,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Mbam Minkom Serotine
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B347D438609FB248600" box="[1052,1258,257,281]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347D438609FB248600" blockId="7.[941,1371,188,281]" box="[1052,1258,257,281]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD66B347D438609FB248600" box="[1052,1258,257,281]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" reason="4">
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<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347D438609FB478600" box="[1052,1161,257,281]" captionStart-0="Figure 7" captionStart-1="Figure 8" captionStart-2="Figure 9" captionStart-3="Figure 10" captionStart-4="Figure 11" captionStart-5="Figure 12" captionStart-6="Figure 13" captionStartId-0="12.[159,226,1655,1676]" captionStartId-1="12.[844,911,1161,1182]" captionStartId-2="13.[159,226,1056,1077]" captionStartId-3="13.[159,226,1818,1839]" captionStartId-4="13.[846,913,1855,1876]" captionStartId-5="14.[160,227,1109,1130]" captionStartId-6="14.[844,911,649,670]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,805,188,1634]" captionTargetBox-1="[840,1468,199,1147]" captionTargetBox-2="[239,1387,190,1033]" captionTargetBox-3="[167,773,1200,1792]" captionTargetBox-4="[855,1460,1187,1833]" captionTargetBox-5="[185,758,458,1086]" captionTargetBox-6="[851,1459,188,628]" captionTargetId-0="figure-204@12.[159,793,188,1634]" captionTargetId-1="figure-168@12.[844,1468,220,1140]" captionTargetId-2="figure-1@13.[237,1389,188,1035]" captionTargetId-3="figure-65@13.[166,774,1199,1798]" captionTargetId-4="figure-93@13.[853,1461,1179,1834]" captionTargetId-5="figure-62@14.[183,759,457,1087]" captionTargetId-6="figure-77@14.[851,1460,188,628]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionTargetPageId-5="14" captionTargetPageId-6="14" captionText-0="Figure 7. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral view of the skull of the holotype of Pseudoromica kityoi (right) and the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (left)." captionText-1="Figure 8. Scanning electron micrograph (composite) of the upper (left) and lower (right) dentition of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (not to scale). Length of upper toothrow: 4.75 mm; length of lower toothrow: 5.68 mm." captionText-2="Figure 9. Comparison of the upper and lower dentition of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (holotype, FMNH 240714) to its hypothesized sister species, P. kityoi (paratype, FMNH 223211); A: upper dentition of P. mbamminkom sp. nov., B: upper dentition of P. kityoi, C: lower dentition of P. mbamminkom sp. nov., and D: lower dentition of P. kityoi. Scale bar ¼ 1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 10. Dorsal view of the body of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp.nov. The frosted look is an effect of the lighting: the coloration is homogeneous." captionText-4="Figure 11. Ventral view of the body of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov." captionText-5="Figure 12. Pinna and tragus of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov." captionText-6="Figure 13. Holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov.: detail of the uropatagium with keeled calcar and plagiopatagium attached at the metatarsals." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259869" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259867" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259876" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259878" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259880" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259884" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259882" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10259869/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10259867/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10259876/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10259878/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10259880/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10259884/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/10259882/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Figs 7–13</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD66B347DC78609FB248600" box="[1176,1258,258,281]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[844,903,768,789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Wing measurements of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. Measured wing variables include: metacarpals (mt) and phalanx (ph)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453">Table 4</tableCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B347A138669FBA785E7" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347A138669FC6086E2" blockId="7.[844,1467,354,507]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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<materialsCitation id="37C53CECFFD66B347A138669FC6086E2" collectingDate="2019-08-14" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="ALG & YN & LAR" country="Cameroon" elevation="785" latitude="3.9692667" location="NW slope of Mount Mbam Minkom" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="11.380667" municipality="Lekie Department" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="FMNH 240714" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Centre Region" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A138669FC758660" bold="true" box="[844,955,354,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
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||
<typeStatus id="58168813FFD66B347A138669FC788660" box="[844,950,354,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="D70B9ECAFFD66B347A9B8669FBA08660" box="[964,1134,354,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">FMNH 240714</specimenCode>
|
||
, adult
|
||
<specimenCount id="91ABFD38FFD66B347DE68669FACA8660" box="[1209,1284,354,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="female">female</specimenCount>
|
||
, not pregnant or lactating. Body preserved in ethanol, with skull extracted and cleaned. Specimen collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="2A585367FFD66B347C1886A8FA4F86A3" box="[1351,1409,419,442]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">ALG</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2A585367FFD66B347CD286A8FA7886A3" box="[1421,1462,419,442]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">YN</collectorName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectorName id="2A585367FFD66B347A2086C8FC7986C3" box="[895,951,451,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">LAR</collectorName>
|
||
, on
|
||
<date id="F3131071FFD66B347AB086C8FB6786C3" box="[1007,1193,451,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" value="2019-08-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="E357E999FFD66B347AB086C8FB6786C3" box="[1007,1193,451,474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" value="2019-08-14">14 August 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; field catalogue number ALG 23.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347A13852FFBA785E7" blockId="7.[844,1467,548,766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A13852FFC328522" bold="true" box="[844,1020,548,571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FFBA7621FFD66B347D47852FFB458522" box="[1048,1163,548,571]" name="Cameroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4569F853FFD66B347DF4852FFA908522" box="[1195,1374,548,571]" country="Cameroon" name="Centre" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Centre Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6776ACCBFFD66B347C21852FFC008542" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Lekie Department</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8272606AFFD66B347AB8854FFA798542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0F0487A7FFD66B3C7AF287B7FF35823A:8272606AFFD66B347AB8854FFA798542" box="[999,1463,580,603]" country="Cameroon" latitude="3.9692667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="11.380667" municipality="Lekie Department" name="NW slope of Mount Mbam Minkom" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Centre Region">NW slope of Mount Mbam Minkom</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2995076FFD66B347A12856EFC078565" box="[845,969,608,636]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="58.156" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="3.9692667">
|
||
3
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A05856BFCAD8568" bold="true" box="[858,867,608,625]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD66B347A05856BFCAD8568" attach="none" box="[858,867,608,625]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
58.156'N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E2995076FFD66B347A87856EFB928565" box="[984,1116,608,636]" degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="22.840" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" precision="1" value="11.380667">
|
||
11
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347AAC856BFC328568" bold="true" box="[1011,1020,608,625]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD66B347AAC856BFC328568" attach="none" box="[1011,1020,608,625]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
22.840'E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(datum: WGS84),
|
||
<quantity id="40559B54FFD66B347C66856EFAB28565" box="[1337,1404,613,636]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="785.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0C80D182FFD66B347C66856EFAB28565" box="[1337,1404,613,636]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="785.0">785 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="96A02F93FFD66B347CD3856EFA4A8584" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">near the village of Nkolakie (also spelled Nkolakie)</locationDeviation>
|
||
; the locality is illustrated as Camp 2 in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347D8D85ADFADD85A4" box="[1234,1299,678,701]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[159,226,1747,1768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,630,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-213@3.[205,1421,628,1725]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Land cover map showing collecting camps and villages surrounding the Mbam Minkom Massif, Lekie Department, Centre Province, Cameroon. Coordinates (Datum: WGS84) of each collecting camps are as follows, Camp 1: 3ǫ57.4810 N, 11ǫ22.9990 E, 1074 m; Camp 2: 3ǫ58.1560 N, 11ǫ22.8400E, 785 m; Camp 3: 3ǫ55.0060 N, 11ǫ22.4000 E, 884 m; Camp 4: 3ǫ55.0720 N, 11ǫ22.6390 E, 829 m. Inset (upper): location of Mbam Minkom Massif within Cameroon’s Centre Region; Inset (lower): location of Cameroon within Africa. Map created using ArcGIS software by Esri (2020) including datasets from: USGS, land use/land cover data from ESA’s Sentinel-2 produced by Esri, Microsoft, and Impact Observatory (2021); village location from Awa et al. (2009)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259855/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
. The specimen was collected in secondary forest, using a mist net set across the Bitemgu River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B347A13842CFC0E84D9" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347A13842CFC0E84D9" blockId="7.[844,1467,807,960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A13842CFC008427" bold="true" box="[844,974,807,830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Anoun in apposition, named for the type locality, the most prominent summit in its namesake Mbam Minkom Massif, an isolated gneiss inselberg formation emerging from the surrounding lowland forest matrix.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B347A1384E2FB5D8358" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B347A1384E2FB5D8358" blockId="7.[844,1467,1001,1089]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A1384E2FC118319" bold="true" box="[844,991,1001,1024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on a single record at an elevation of 785 m on Mount Mbam Minkom in the Centre Region of Cameroon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347D1D8321FB4D8358" box="[1090,1155,1066,1089]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[159,226,1747,1768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1420,630,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-213@3.[205,1421,628,1725]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Land cover map showing collecting camps and villages surrounding the Mbam Minkom Massif, Lekie Department, Centre Province, Cameroon. Coordinates (Datum: WGS84) of each collecting camps are as follows, Camp 1: 3ǫ57.4810 N, 11ǫ22.9990 E, 1074 m; Camp 2: 3ǫ58.1560 N, 11ǫ22.8400E, 785 m; Camp 3: 3ǫ55.0060 N, 11ǫ22.4000 E, 884 m; Camp 4: 3ǫ55.0720 N, 11ǫ22.6390 E, 829 m. Inset (upper): location of Mbam Minkom Massif within Cameroon’s Centre Region; Inset (lower): location of Cameroon within Africa. Map created using ArcGIS software by Esri (2020) including datasets from: USGS, land use/land cover data from ESA’s Sentinel-2 produced by Esri, Microsoft, and Impact Observatory (2021); village location from Awa et al. (2009)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259855/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD66B3A7A138361FDB382DD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD66B3A7A138361FDB382DD" blockId="7.[844,1467,1130,1901]" lastBlockId="9.[159,781,924,1476]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A138361FC0F8398" bold="true" box="[844,961,1130,1153]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A958361FAC58398" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[970,1291,1130,1153]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A958361FAC58398" box="[970,1291,1130,1153]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a large-sized member of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D178380FB2783BB" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[1096,1257,1163,1186]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D178380FB2783BB" box="[1096,1257,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD66B347DA18380FA9D83BB" box="[1278,1363,1163,1186]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[133,192,438,459]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Univariate statistics, test of normality, and results of the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test for external and craniodental measurements of Pseudoromicia species. For each species, the top row (species label) also indicates the sample size (number in parentheses). Results displayed include mean ±standard deviation, sample size for each measurement (in parentheses) when different from the sample size of individuals examined for the species, and range (minimum value – maximum value). A “†” after the mean value indicates a non–normal distribution for that variable. Superscripts associated with the mean for the value identify statistically significantly different groups as judged by the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test, arranged in order of descending size (a> b> c …). Means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other, and different means may, depending on their variance, be members of several groups. Stars by the character indicate the significance level of the character in the analysis of variance; $$: <0.01; $$$$: <0.0001." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347C398380FA7A83BB" box="[1382,1460,1163,1186]" captionStart="Figures 3 and 4" captionStartId="8.[159,236,1686,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1415,194,1660]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[205,1421,188,1665]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 3 and 4. (3 [top]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for all specimens examined with all the mensural characters available (66 of 77 specimens with all the following characters: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND) (3). Only the first two Principal Components are significant: PC1 accounts for 72.45% of the variation; PC2, 11.04%. (4 [bottom]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for specimens examined for which taxonomic identity had been established previously using sequence data (Monadjem et al. 2021a, b; this work) with all the mensural characters available (23 of 26 specimens with the following: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND). Only the first three Principal Components are deemed significant; PC1 accounts for 73.79% of the variation; PC2, 12.16%; PC3, 4.60%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259859/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, 4, 6). Adark brown muzzle and wings distinguish it from the white-winged members of the genus (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347C3183C7FC4C821A" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347C3183C7FC4C821A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. isabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347ACA83E7FBC3821A" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[917,1037,1260,1283]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rendalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347ACA83E7FBC3821A" box="[917,1037,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. rendalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D7F83E7FB41821A" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala & Demos" authorityYear="2020" box="[1056,1167,1260,1283]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nyanza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D7F83E7FB41821A" box="[1056,1167,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. nyanza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D8983E7FABE821A" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1238,1392,1260,1283]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenuipinnis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D8983E7FABE821A" box="[1238,1392,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. tenuipinnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It is similar in size and appearance to its putative sister species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347ADD8226FC11825D" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[898,991,1325,1348]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347ADD8226FC11825D" box="[898,991,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, cranially,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D8F8226FA47825D" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1232,1417,1325,1348]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D8F8226FA47825D" box="[1232,1417,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A128245FC64827C" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[845,938,1358,1381]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A128245FC64827C" box="[845,938,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ in the lateral view: the dorsal aspect of the rostrum is angled continuously from the braincase in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A328284FBE882BF" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[877,1062,1423,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A328284FBE882BF" box="[877,1062,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while being markedly depressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A1282A4FC7E82DF" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[845,944,1455,1478]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A1282A4FC7E82DF" box="[845,944,1455,1478]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347A9382A4FBDB82DF" box="[972,1045,1455,1478]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[159,226,1655,1676]" captionTargetBox="[159,805,188,1634]" captionTargetId="figure-204@12.[159,793,188,1634]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral view of the skull of the holotype of Pseudoromica kityoi (right) and the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259869/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rostral facies of the palatal emargination, or notch, is rounded and scallop-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A2B82FBFBFD811E" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[884,1075,1520,1543]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A2B82FBFBFD811E" box="[884,1075,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but narrower and U-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347A12811AFC7E8131" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[845,944,1553,1576]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347A12811AFC7E8131" box="[845,944,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The occipital condyles are more ventrally pronounced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347AA8813AFB7E8151" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1015,1200,1585,1608]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347AA8813AFB7E8151" box="[1015,1200,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the inion is unobtrusively rounded in contrast with the markedly prominent inion in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347AAB8179FB9D8190" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1012,1107,1650,1673]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347AAB8179FB9D8190" box="[1012,1107,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The caudal midline projection of the palatine bone is lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D8B8198FA4381B3" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1236,1421,1683,1706]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D8B8198FA4381B3" box="[1236,1421,1683,1706]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but present in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347D2381BFFB1781D2" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1148,1241,1716,1739]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347D2381BFFB1781D2" box="[1148,1241,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, this may be an intraspecifically variable character in other taxa and should be evaluated further with additional specimens. Dentally, the cingulum surrounding the lingual aspect of I1 is continuous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD66B347DE1803DFAB38054" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1214,1405,1846,1869]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD66B347DE1803DFAB38054" box="[1214,1405,1846,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and broad in proportion to width of the incisor (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD66B347C36805DFA748074" box="[1385,1466,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="12.[844,911,1161,1182]" captionTargetBox="[840,1468,199,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-168@12.[844,1468,220,1140]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 8. Scanning electron micrograph (composite) of the upper (left) and lower (right) dentition of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (not to scale). Length of upper toothrow: 4.75 mm; length of lower toothrow: 5.68 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259867/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
and 9). The cingulum is narrower and discontinuous between the lingual and labial aspects in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7BFD84B6FCC884CD" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[674,774,957,980]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7BFD84B6FCC884CD" box="[674,774,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The hypocone basin in PM2 is reduced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7BC284D5FF3D830E" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7BC284D5FF3D830E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78E3830BFDD2830E" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[444,540,1024,1047]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78E3830BFDD2830E" box="[444,540,1024,1047]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lower m1 and m2 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A799E832AFEEF8321" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[193,289,1057,1080]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A799E832AFEEF8321" box="[193,289,1057,1080]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a broadly extended posterior lingual shelf not present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78CE8349FD828340" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[401,588,1090,1113]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78CE8349FD828340" box="[401,588,1090,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although overlapping in individual cranial variables with other members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A787F838FFE0F8382" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[288,449,1156,1179]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A787F838FFE0F8382" box="[288,449,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD86B3A78B6838FFD9C8382" box="[489,594,1156,1179]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[133,192,438,459]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Univariate statistics, test of normality, and results of the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test for external and craniodental measurements of Pseudoromicia species. For each species, the top row (species label) also indicates the sample size (number in parentheses). Results displayed include mean ±standard deviation, sample size for each measurement (in parentheses) when different from the sample size of individuals examined for the species, and range (minimum value – maximum value). A “†” after the mean value indicates a non–normal distribution for that variable. Superscripts associated with the mean for the value identify statistically significantly different groups as judged by the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test, arranged in order of descending size (a> b> c …). Means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other, and different means may, depending on their variance, be members of several groups. Stars by the character indicate the significance level of the character in the analysis of variance; $$: <0.01; $$$$: <0.0001." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), it can be distinguished more easily by means of the PCA of cranial dimensions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A78DC83CDFE1C83C4" box="[387,466,1222,1245]" captionStart="Figures 3 and 4" captionStartId="8.[159,236,1686,1707]" captionTargetBox="[210,1415,194,1660]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[205,1421,188,1665]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figures 3 and 4. (3 [top]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for all specimens examined with all the mensural characters available (66 of 77 specimens with all the following characters: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND) (3). Only the first two Principal Components are significant: PC1 accounts for 72.45% of the variation; PC2, 11.04%. (4 [bottom]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for specimens examined for which taxonomic identity had been established previously using sequence data (Monadjem et al. 2021a, b; this work) with all the mensural characters available (23 of 26 specimens with the following: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND). Only the first three Principal Components are deemed significant; PC1 accounts for 73.79% of the variation; PC2, 12.16%; PC3, 4.60%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
and 4), in particular along PC2, which loads most heavily on breadth of postorbital constriction and braincase, as well as mastoid breadth. Indeed,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78368222FDE78259" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[361,553,1321,1344]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78368222FDE78259" box="[361,553,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the narrowest interorbital region of known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78B68241FD258278" box="[489,747,1354,1377]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78B68241FD448278" box="[489,650,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78528260FE07829B" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[269,457,1387,1410]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78528260FE07829B" box="[269,457,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished genetically from other members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A78F08287FD9E82BA" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[431,592,1420,1443]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78F08287FD9E82BA" box="[431,592,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a number of mitochondrial
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A781F82A6FEBC82DD" box="[320,370,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Cytb</emphasis>
|
||
substitutions (
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD86B3A7B4782A6FDA382DD" box="[536,621,1453,1476]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="11.[159,218,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 3. Uncorrected Cytochrome b p-distances among (below diagonal) and within (numbers on diagonal, in bold) nine species of Pseudoromicia, calculated in MEGA X v.10.0.5." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFD96B3B79C0819DFEBC8098" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259859/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" startId="8.[159,236,1686,1707]" targetBox="[210,1415,194,1660]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD96B3B79C0819DFEBC8098" blockId="8.[159,1467,1686,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD96B3B79C0819DFE8481B2" bold="true" box="[159,330,1686,1707]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Figures 3 and 4.</emphasis>
|
||
(3 [top]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for all specimens examined with all the mensural characters available (66 of 77 specimens with all the following characters: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND) (3). Only the first two Principal Components are significant: PC1 accounts for 72.45% of the variation; PC2, 11.04%. (4 [bottom]) Graphical results of the Principal Components Analysis based on log10–transformed variables, computed from the correlation matrix, for specimens examined for which taxonomic identity had been established previously using sequence data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD96B3B7A9E8017FB6E8028" author="Monadjem, A. & Demos, T. C. & Dalton, D. L. & Webala, P. W. & Musila, S. & Kerbis Peterhans, J. C. & Patterson, B. D." box="[961,1184,1820,1841]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" pagination="1114 - 1146" part="191" refId="ref13288" refString="Monadjem, A., Demos, T. C., Dalton, D. L., Webala, P. W., Musila, S., Kerbis Peterhans, J. C., & Patterson, B. D. (2021). A revision of pipistrelle-like bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in East Africa with the description of new genera and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191, 1114 - 1146. https: // doi. org / 10. 1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa 087" title="A revision of pipistrelle-like bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in East Africa with the description of new genera and species" type="journal article" year="2021">Monadjem et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a, b; this work) with all the mensural characters available (23 of 26 specimens with the following: GLS, CIL, MPW, POB, BB, MTRL, C–C, M3–M3, DENL, and MAND). Only the first three Principal Components are deemed significant; PC1 accounts for 73.79% of the variation; PC2, 12.16%; PC3, 4.60%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFD86B3A79C087B6FDA386BE" ID-Table-UUID="D3D26639FFD86B3A79C087B6FDA386BE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFD86B3A79C087B6FDA386BE" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" startId="9.[159,218,189,210]" targetBox="[159,781,439,856]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A79C087B6FDA386BE" blockId="9.[159,781,189,423]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A79C087B6FF3087CB" bold="true" box="[159,254,189,210]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Table 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Eigenvector loadings of the PCA for principal components PC1 and PC2, based on log10-transformed craniodental measurements of the currently recognized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A799E8607FE9C8638" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[193,338,268,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A799E8607FE9C8638" box="[193,338,268,289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, following the taxonomic arrangement of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD86B3A79C0862CFE4C8625" author="Monadjem, A. & Demos, T. C. & Dalton, D. L. & Webala, P. W. & Musila, S. & Kerbis Peterhans, J. C. & Patterson, B. D." box="[159,386,295,316]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" pagination="1114 - 1146" part="191" refId="ref13288" refString="Monadjem, A., Demos, T. C., Dalton, D. L., Webala, P. W., Musila, S., Kerbis Peterhans, J. C., & Patterson, B. D. (2021). A revision of pipistrelle-like bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in East Africa with the description of new genera and species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191, 1114 - 1146. https: // doi. org / 10. 1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa 087" title="A revision of pipistrelle-like bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in East Africa with the description of new genera and species" type="journal article" year="2021">Monadjem et al. (2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
b). “Proportion” and “cumulative” refer to the proportion of the variance explained by each of the principal components, and the cumulative variance explained by the first two (all specimens) or three (sequenced specimens) principal components, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A786D86BCFCC38441" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<table id="F5ADC411FFD894CC79C086BCFCC38441" box="[159,781,439,856]" gridcols="6" gridrows="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C086BCFCC386D5" box="[159,781,439,460]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B86BCFE1E86D5" box="[292,464,439,460]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A786D86BCFE0F86D5" bold="true" box="[306,449,439,460]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">All specimens</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA86BCFCC386D5" box="[485,781,439,460]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B5586BCFD2686D5" bold="true" box="[522,744,439,460]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Sequenced specimens</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C086EAFCC386EF" box="[159,781,481,502]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B86EAFEA886EF" box="[292,358,481,502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A787086EAFE9586EF" bold="true" box="[303,347,481,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">PC1</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC782486EAFE1E86EF" box="[379,464,481,502]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78D086EAFE7286EF" bold="true" box="[399,444,481,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">PC2</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA86EAFDF786EF" box="[485,569,481,502]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78A686EAFDEB86EF" bold="true" box="[505,549,481,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">PC1</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B1086EAFD6D86EF" box="[591,675,481,502]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B3C86EAFD4186EF" bold="true" box="[611,655,481,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">PC2</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE786EAFCC386EF" box="[696,781,481,502]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B9386EAFD3686EF" bold="true" box="[716,760,481,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">PC3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08508FCC38501" box="[159,781,515,536]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08508FEC18501" box="[159,271,515,536]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">GLS</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8508FEA88501" box="[292,358,515,536]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3582</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248508FE1E8501" box="[379,464,515,536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0069</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8508FDF78501" box="[485,569,515,536]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3530</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108508FD6D8501" box="[591,675,515,536]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0119</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78508FCC38501" box="[696,781,515,536]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1074</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08515FCC3852A" box="[159,781,542,563]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08515FEC1852A" box="[159,271,542,563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CIL</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8515FEA8852A" box="[292,358,542,563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3565</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248515FE1E852A" box="[379,464,542,563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0346</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8515FDF7852A" box="[485,569,542,563]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3449</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108515FD6D852A" box="[591,675,542,563]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0006</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78515FCC3852A" box="[696,781,542,563]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1959</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08533FCC38557" box="[159,781,568,590]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08533FEC18557" box="[159,271,568,590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">MPW</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8533FEA88557" box="[292,358,568,590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3278</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248533FE1E8557" box="[379,464,568,590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78248533FE1E8557" bold="true" box="[379,464,568,590]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.2083</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8533FDF78557" box="[485,569,568,590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3187</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108533FD6D8557" box="[591,675,568,590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.2599</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78533FCC38557" box="[696,781,568,590]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7BE78533FCC38557" bold="true" box="[696,781,568,590]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.4935</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08558FCC38570" box="[159,781,595,617]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08558FEC18570" box="[159,271,595,617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">POB</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8558FEA88570" box="[292,358,595,617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0314</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248558FE1E8570" box="[379,464,595,617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78248558FE1E8571" bold="true" box="[379,464,595,617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.8967</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8558FDF78570" box="[485,569,595,617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78BA8558FDF78571" bold="true" box="[485,569,595,617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.1303</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108558FD6D8570" box="[591,675,595,617]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.7729</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78558FCC38570" box="[696,781,595,617]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.5061</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08566FCC3859A" box="[159,781,621,643]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08566FEC1859A" box="[159,271,621,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">BB</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8566FEA8859A" box="[292,358,621,643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.2943</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248566FE1E859A" box="[379,464,621,643]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A78248566FE1E859A" bold="true" box="[379,464,621,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.3036</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8566FDF7859A" box="[485,569,621,643]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.2789</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108566FD6D859A" box="[591,675,621,643]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.4683</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78566FCC3859A" box="[696,781,621,643]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7BE78566FCC3859A" bold="true" box="[696,781,621,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.5043</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08583FCC38587" box="[159,781,648,670]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08583FEC18587" box="[159,271,648,670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">MTRL</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8583FEA88587" box="[292,358,648,670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3387</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248583FE1E8587" box="[379,464,648,670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1579</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8583FDF78587" box="[485,569,648,670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3565</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108583FD6D8587" box="[591,675,648,670]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B108583FD6D8587" bold="true" box="[591,675,648,670]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.0473</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78583FCC38587" box="[696,781,648,670]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0917</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C085A8FCC385A0" box="[159,781,675,697]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C085A8FEC185A0" box="[159,271,675,697]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">C–C</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B85A8FEA885A0" box="[292,358,675,697]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3077</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC782485A8FE1E85A0" box="[379,464,675,697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0432</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA85A8FDF785A0" box="[485,569,675,697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3092</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B1085A8FD6D85A0" box="[591,675,675,697]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1700</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE785A8FCC385A0" box="[696,781,675,697]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.2989</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C085B6FCC385CA" box="[159,781,701,723]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C085B6FEC185CA" box="[159,271,701,723]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">M3–M3</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B85B6FEA885CA" box="[292,358,701,723]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3383</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC782485B6FE1E85CA" box="[379,464,701,723]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0874</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA85B6FDF785CA" box="[485,569,701,723]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3067</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B1085B6FD6D85CA" box="[591,675,701,723]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B1085B6FD6D85CA" bold="true" box="[591,675,701,723]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.2367</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE785B6FCC385CA" box="[696,781,701,723]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1578</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C085D3FCC385F7" box="[159,781,728,750]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C085D3FEC185F7" box="[159,271,728,750]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">DENL</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B85D3FEA885F7" box="[292,358,728,750]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3594</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC782485D3FE1E85F7" box="[379,464,728,750]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1198</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA85D3FDF785F7" box="[485,569,728,750]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3577</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B1085D3FD6D85F7" box="[591,675,728,750]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B1085D3FD6D85F7" bold="true" box="[591,675,728,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.0878</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE785D3FCC385F7" box="[696,781,728,750]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7BE785D3FCC385F7" bold="true" box="[696,781,728,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.0195</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C085F8FCC38410" box="[159,781,755,777]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C085F8FEC18410" box="[159,271,755,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">MAND</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B85F8FEA88410" box="[292,358,755,777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3107</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC782485F8FE1E8410" box="[379,464,755,777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1017</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA85F8FDF78410" box="[485,569,755,777]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.3398</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B1085F8FD6D8410" box="[591,675,755,777]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B1085F8FD6D8411" bold="true" box="[591,675,755,777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">¯0.1438</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE785F8FCC38410" box="[696,781,755,777]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.2704</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08405FCC3843A" box="[159,781,782,803]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08405FEC1843A" box="[159,271,782,803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Eigenvalue</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8405FEA8843A" box="[292,358,782,803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">7.2452</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248405FE1E843A" box="[379,464,782,803]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">1.1041</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8405FDF7843A" box="[485,569,782,803]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">7.3787</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108405FD6D843A" box="[591,675,782,803]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">1.2162</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78405FCC3843A" box="[696,781,782,803]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.4597</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08422FCC38427" box="[159,781,809,830]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08422FEC18427" box="[159,271,809,830]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Proportion</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8422FEA88427" box="[292,358,809,830]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.7245</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248422FE1E8427" box="[379,464,809,830]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1104</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8422FDF78427" box="[485,569,809,830]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.7379</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108422FD6D8427" box="[591,675,809,830]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.1216</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78422FCC38427" box="[696,781,809,830]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.0460</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFD894CC79C08448FCC38441" box="[159,781,835,856]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC79C08448FEC18441" box="[159,271,835,856]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Cumulative</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC787B8448FEA88441" box="[292,358,835,856]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.7245</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78248448FE1E8441" box="[379,464,835,856]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.8349</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC78BA8448FDF78441" box="[485,569,835,856]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.7379</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7B108448FD6D8441" box="[591,675,835,856]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.8595</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFD894CC7BE78448FCC38441" box="[696,781,835,856]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">0.9055</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD86B3A79C08109FC698459" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A79C08109FEF38107" blockId="9.[159,781,1538,1901]" box="[159,317,1538,1566]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD86B3A79C08109FEF38107" bold="true" box="[159,317,1538,1566]" fontSize="12" level="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A79C08109FEF38107" bold="true" box="[159,317,1538,1566]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A79C08126FC698459" blockId="9.[159,781,1538,1901]" lastBlockId="9.[844,1467,189,832]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The only known specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7B4F8126FF3D817C" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7B4F8126FF3D817C" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a large-sized pipistrelle-like bat (external and craniodental measurements listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD86B3A7B328164FD0D819F" box="[621,707,1647,1670]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[133,192,438,459]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Univariate statistics, test of normality, and results of the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test for external and craniodental measurements of Pseudoromicia species. For each species, the top row (species label) also indicates the sample size (number in parentheses). Results displayed include mean ±standard deviation, sample size for each measurement (in parentheses) when different from the sample size of individuals examined for the species, and range (minimum value – maximum value). A “†” after the mean value indicates a non–normal distribution for that variable. Superscripts associated with the mean for the value identify statistically significantly different groups as judged by the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple range test, arranged in order of descending size (a> b> c …). Means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other, and different means may, depending on their variance, be members of several groups. Stars by the character indicate the significance level of the character in the analysis of variance; $$: <0.01; $$$$: <0.0001." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="D3D26639FFD76B3579DA86BDFBD28572">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
; wing measurements in
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFD86B3A7834819BFE0A81BE" box="[363,452,1680,1703]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[844,903,768,789]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Wing measurements of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. Measured wing variables include: metacarpals (mt) and phalanx (ph)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pelage is reddish-brown (Sepia; Color 219 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD86B3A7B7281BAFD0A81D1" author="Smithe, F. B." box="[557,708,1713,1736]" journalOrPublisher="The American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" refId="ref15081" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1974). Naturalist' s color guide supplement. The American Museum of Natural History." title="Naturalist' s color guide supplement" type="book" year="1974">Smithe, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with uniformly coloured hairs
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A789E81DAFE1881F0" bold="true" box="[449,470,1745,1769]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">~</emphasis>
|
||
5.0 mm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7BF481D9FD3081F0" box="[683,766,1746,1769]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[159,226,1818,1839]" captionTargetBox="[167,773,1200,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-65@13.[166,774,1199,1798]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal view of the body of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp.nov. The frosted look is an effect of the lighting: the coloration is homogeneous." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259878/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral pelage is bicoloured and slightly shorter (
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A79F78018FF738032" bold="true" box="[168,189,1811,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">~</emphasis>
|
||
4.0 mm) than the dorsal pelage. Individual ventral hairs are reddish-brown (Sepia;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD86B3A7B46803EFD7E8055" author="Smithe, F. B." box="[537,688,1845,1868]" journalOrPublisher="The American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" refId="ref15081" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1974). Naturalist' s color guide supplement. The American Museum of Natural History." title="Naturalist' s color guide supplement" type="book" year="1974">Smithe, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) at the base with tips of drab grey (Drab-grey; Colour 119 D of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD86B3A7A3087B6FBCD87CD" author="Smithe, F. B." box="[879,1027,189,212]" journalOrPublisher="The American Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" refId="ref15081" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1974). Naturalist' s color guide supplement. The American Museum of Natural History." title="Naturalist' s color guide supplement" type="book" year="1974">Smithe, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) eventually fading into uniformly coloured drab-grey nearing the uropatagium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7C7887D6FAB987ED" box="[1319,1399,221,244]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="13.[846,913,1855,1876]" captionTargetBox="[855,1460,1187,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-93@13.[853,1461,1179,1834]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 11. Ventral view of the body of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259880/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). The wing and tail membranes are dark brown, as are the muzzle and ears. Ear length is typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7A138634FC23864F" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[844,1005,319,342]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A138634FC23864F" box="[844,1005,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 12 mm (vs. 12.2 ± 1.11, 9–14 mm across other species in the genus) and rounded. The tragus is broad (2.9 mm), blunt, and 7.0 mm in length, with a curved outer margin typical of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFD86B3A7A0C86C9FBAF86C0" author="Monadjem, A. & Richards, L. & Taylor, P. J. & Stoffberg, S." box="[851,1121,450,473]" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" pagination="191 - 207" part="167" refId="ref13560" refString="Monadjem, A., Richards, L., Taylor, P. J., & Stoffberg, S. (2013). High diversity of pipistrelloid bats (Vespertilionidae: Hypsugo, Neoromicia, and Pipistrellus) in a West African rainforest with the description of a new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 167, 191 - 207. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00871. x" title="High diversity of pipistrelloid bats (Vespertilionidae: Hypsugo, Neoromicia, and Pipistrellus) in a West African rainforest with the description of a new species" type="journal article" year="2013">Monadjem et al., 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Monadjem, Richards, et al., 2021 [as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7A9C86E8FB8F86E3" authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1926" box="[963,1089,483,506]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Neoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A9C86E8FB8F86E3" box="[963,1089,483,506]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Neoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7D3C86E8FB7786E3" box="[1123,1209,483,506]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="14.[160,227,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[185,758,458,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-62@14.[183,759,457,1087]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 12. Pinna and tragus of the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259884" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259884/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). The plagiopatagium attaches at the metatarsals, and a keeled calcar is present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7AD0852FFC2D8522" box="[911,995,548,571]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="14.[844,911,649,670]" captionTargetBox="[851,1459,188,628]" captionTargetId="figure-77@14.[851,1460,188,628]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 13. Holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov.: detail of the uropatagium with keeled calcar and plagiopatagium attached at the metatarsals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259882/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). In lateral profile, the cranium is relatively flat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7AAA854EFB858545" box="[1013,1099,581,604]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[159,226,1655,1676]" captionTargetBox="[159,805,188,1634]" captionTargetId="figure-204@12.[159,793,188,1634]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral view of the skull of the holotype of Pseudoromica kityoi (right) and the holotype of Pseudoromicia mbamminkom sp. nov. (left)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259869/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the rostrum angled continuously from the braincase. Sagittal and lambdoidal crests are absent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7D2E858DFA758584" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1137,1467,646,669]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D2E858DFA758584" box="[1137,1467,646,669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a dental formula typical of the genus, I 2/3, C 1/1, P 1/2, M 3/3
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AB685CCFC3085C6" bold="true" box="[1001,1022,711,735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">-</emphasis>
|
||
32. I
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7D6785CAFB8C85C8" attach="left" box="[1080,1090,705,721]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">1</superScript>
|
||
is unicuspid and I
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7C4085CAFAE785C8" attach="left" box="[1311,1321,705,721]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">2</superScript>
|
||
slightly less than half the length of I
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7D2285E9FB4985EB" attach="left" box="[1149,1159,738,754]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">1</superScript>
|
||
. P
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7DF185E9FB7685EB" attach="left" box="[1198,1208,738,754]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">1</superScript>
|
||
is absent; the single upper premolar present in the toothrow is homologous with P
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7ACA8428FC51842A" attach="left" box="[917,927,803,819]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">2</superScript>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD86B3A7A138475FB97823E" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A7A138475FC7D8483" blockId="9.[844,1467,894,1319]" box="[844,947,894,922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD86B3A7A138475FC7D8483" bold="true" box="[844,947,894,922]" fontSize="12" level="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A138475FC7D8483" bold="true" box="[844,947,894,922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A7A1384A2FB97823E" blockId="9.[844,1467,894,1319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7AE984A2FB3184D9" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[950,1279,937,960]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AE984A2FB3184D9" box="[950,1279,937,960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from a single specimen, almost nothing can be said about the biology of the species. There is weak support suggesting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7A948300FB4A833B" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[971,1156,1035,1058]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A948300FB4A833B" box="[971,1156,1035,1058]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7C478300FAB8833B" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1304,1398,1035,1058]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C478300FAB8833B" box="[1304,1398,1035,1058]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Like this new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7D4C8320FBBE835B" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1043,1136,1067,1090]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D4C8320FBBE835B" box="[1043,1136,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from a single locality in the Mabira Forest Reserve in the Central Region of Uganda (0
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D1A8363FB808360" bold="true" box="[1093,1102,1128,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7D1A8363FB808360" attach="none" box="[1093,1102,1128,1145]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
26.706
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7DC68363FB508360" bold="true" box="[1177,1182,1128,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7DC68363FB508360" attach="right" box="[1177,1182,1128,1145]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
N, 32
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7DBD8363FB258360" bold="true" box="[1250,1259,1128,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7DBD8363FB258360" attach="left" box="[1250,1259,1128,1145]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
53.3256
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C1B8363FA878360" bold="true" box="[1348,1353,1128,1145]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7C1B8363FA878360" attach="right" box="[1348,1353,1128,1145]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E;
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C2E8367FA48839D" bold="true" box="[1393,1414,1132,1156]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">~</emphasis>
|
||
1120 m asl) where two specimens were collected. The holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7AFB83A5FB9583DC" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[932,1115,1198,1221]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AFB83A5FB9583DC" box="[932,1115,1198,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not in an obviously reproductive status at the time of collection. No information other than that presented above is available on the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7AC3821BFB9C823E" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[924,1106,1296,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AC3821BFB9C823E" box="[924,1106,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD86B3A7A13827FFC3A828C" box="[844,1012,1396,1429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A7A13827FFC3A828C" blockId="9.[844,1467,1396,1902]" box="[844,1012,1396,1429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD86B3A7A13827FFC3A828C" bold="true" box="[844,1012,1396,1429]" fontSize="14" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A13827FFC3A828C" bold="true" box="[844,1012,1396,1429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFD86B387A1382A8FE1B81D4" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B3A7A1382A8FBC482A6" blockId="9.[844,1467,1396,1902]" box="[844,1034,1443,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="DC5A81DDFFD86B3A7A1382A8FBC482A6" bold="true" box="[844,1034,1443,1471]" fontSize="12" level="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A1382A8FBC482A6" bold="true" box="[844,1034,1443,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Biogeography</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFD86B397A1382C5FE3A8034" blockId="9.[844,1467,1396,1902]" lastBlockId="10.[159,781,1358,1901]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The type locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7D0382C5FAD582FC" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1116,1307,1486,1509]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D0382C5FAD582FC" box="[1116,1307,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F962A34FFD86B3A7C6982C5FA4082FC" box="[1334,1422,1486,1509]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="14.[159,226,1839,1860]" captionTargetBox="[160,1406,1225,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-99@14.[159,1407,1224,1817]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 14. Map of the type localities of Pseudoromicia species. Species marked with an asterisk ($) are part of the white-winged group. Map created using ArcGIS software by Esri (2020); basemap created by subsetting ESRI’s RESOLVE Ecoregions dataset (2017) containing 846 terrestrial ecoregions grouped into 14 biomes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259888/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) is approximately equidistant between Mabira Forest Reserve in Uganda (0
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D0B8100FB938105" bold="true" box="[1108,1117,1547,1564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7D0B8100FB938105" attach="none" box="[1108,1117,1547,1564]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
26.706
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7DF78100FB638105" bold="true" box="[1192,1197,1547,1564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7DF78100FB638105" attach="right" box="[1192,1197,1547,1564]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
N, 32
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7DAB8100FB338105" bold="true" box="[1268,1277,1547,1564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7DAB8100FB338105" attach="none" box="[1268,1277,1547,1564]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
53.3256
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C0A8100FA948105" bold="true" box="[1365,1370,1547,1564]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7C0A8100FA948105" attach="left" box="[1365,1370,1547,1564]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E), type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7A80813BFB88815E" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[991,1094,1584,1607]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A80813BFB88815E" box="[991,1094,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D3B813BFBB78151" bold="true" box="[1124,1145,1584,1608]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">~</emphasis>
|
||
2426 km), and Mt. Nimba (07
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7A2F8147FCB78144" bold="true" box="[880,889,1612,1629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7A2F8147FCB78144" attach="none" box="[880,889,1612,1629]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
29
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7ACA8147FC548144" bold="true" box="[917,922,1612,1629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7ACA8147FC548144" attach="left" box="[917,922,1612,1629]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
N, 08
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AB58147FC3D8144" bold="true" box="[1002,1011,1612,1629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7AB58147FC3D8144" attach="none" box="[1002,1011,1612,1629]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">°</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
35
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D508147FBDA8144" bold="true" box="[1039,1044,1612,1629]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFD86B3A7D508147FBDA8144" attach="right" box="[1039,1044,1612,1629]" fontSize="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">'</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
W), on the Liberia–Guinea–Sierra Leone border; type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7DF7817AFAFE8191" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1192,1328,1649,1672]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7DF7817AFAFE8191" box="[1192,1328,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C65817AFA818190" bold="true" box="[1338,1359,1649,1673]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">~</emphasis>
|
||
2257 km). Notwithstanding the lack of resolution in our molecular analyses, these data, albeit based on a single mitochondrial locus, suggest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7D6D81D8FB5E81F3" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1074,1168,1747,1770]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7D6D81D8FB5E81F3" box="[1074,1168,1747,1770]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7C7A81D8FCB68012" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7C7A81D8FCB68012" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but also places it definitively in a clade with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7CFC81FFFC7F8035" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7CFC81FFFC7F8035" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFD86B3A7AAB801EFB9D8035" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1012,1107,1813,1836]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFD86B3A7AAB801EFB9D8035" box="[1012,1107,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This association suggests that the three species may be relicts of a single widespread species that originated in West Africa (“white-winged” group) then spread east across the tropical moist broadleaf forest reaching into East Africa, and now are restricted to a few upland rainforest patches in West Africa (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B39785F82BBFE4182DE" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[256,399,1456,1479]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B39785F82BBFE4182DE" box="[256,399,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in outliers of the Cameroon Volcanic Line region (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B3978FD82DAFD9282F1" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[418,604,1489,1512]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B3978FD82DAFD9282F1" box="[418,604,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the Lake Victoria area (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B39786182FAFE548111" authorityName="Monadjem, Kerbis, Peterhans, Nalikka, Waswa, Demos & Patterson" authorityYear="2020" box="[318,410,1521,1544]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitoyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B39786182FAFE548111" box="[318,410,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. kitoyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The smaller, white-winged species are hypothesized to be ancestral based on our molecular results, and the larger, dark-winged taxa dispersed to East Africa then back to West Africa (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397BA98158FEFB8193" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397BA98158FEFB8193" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B3978138178FE168193" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[332,472,1651,1674]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B3978138178FE168193" box="[332,472,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This also illustrates the potential biogeographic importance in this group of species of the Dahomey gap, the zone of aridity in Togo, Benin, and neighbouring states, between the Volta and Weme Rivers, that breaks up the rainforest into Upper and Lower Guinea Rainforests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDB6B3979C08373FD5883E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259863/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" startId="10.[159,226,1144,1165]" targetBox="[221,1392,188,1123]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDB6B3979C08373FD5883E1" blockId="10.[159,1467,1144,1272]" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B3979C08373FF308394" bold="true" box="[159,254,1144,1165]" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian phylogeny based on mitochondrial Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397A168373FC9B8394" box="[841,853,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397AB88373FBB98394" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[999,1143,1144,1165]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397AB88373FBB98394" box="[999,1143,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The phylogeny was inferred in MrBayes and its topology was very similar to the maximum-likelihood phylogeny inferred in IQ-TREE. Values at nodes denote Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) followed by bootstrap support (BS). Tips of the phylogeny are labeled with specimen information: species, country, and voucher number, or GenBank number where voucher number is unavailable. All GenBank numbers are provided in Supplemental Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDB6B3879E6803DFE0585E6" blockId="10.[159,781,1358,1901]" lastBlockId="11.[159,781,614,1742]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">
|
||
The Dahomey Gap has long been acknowledged as a significant biogeographic barrier (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397B2A805DFCC88074" author="Booth, A. H." box="[629,774,1878,1901]" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="305 - 314" part="50" refId="ref11031" refString="Booth, A. H. (1954). The Dahomey Gap and the mammalian fauna of the West African forests. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 50, 305 - 314." title="The Dahomey Gap and the mammalian fauna of the West African forests" type="journal article" year="1954">Booth, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397A128245FC4C827C" author="Booth, A. H." box="[845,898,1358,1381]" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="48 - 62" part="12" refId="ref11068" refString="Booth, A. H. (1958). The Niger, the Volta and the Dahomey Gap as geographic barriers. Evolution, 12, 48 - 62." title="The Niger, the Volta and the Dahomey Gap as geographic barriers" type="journal article" year="1958">1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397ACB8245FBD1827C" author="Grubb, P." box="[916,1055,1358,1381]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="152 - 167" part="6" refId="ref12508" refString="Grubb, P. (1978). Patterns of speciation in African mammals. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 6, 152 - 167." title="Patterns of speciation in African mammals" type="journal article" year="1978">Grubb, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397D6E8245FB05827C" author="Moreau, R. E." box="[1073,1227,1358,1381]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Zoology" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="39 - 61" part="158" refId="ref13863" refString="Moreau, R. E. (1969). Climatic changes and the distribution of forest vertebrates in West Africa. Journal of Zoology, 158, 39 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1969. tb 04965. x" title="Climatic changes and the distribution of forest vertebrates in West Africa" type="journal article" year="1969">Moreau, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The genetic distances between each of these three species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="CA2F030AFFDB6B397C438264FABE829F" box="[1308,1392,1391,1414]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="11.[159,218,189,210]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 3. Uncorrected Cytochrome b p-distances among (below diagonal) and within (numbers on diagonal, in bold) nine species of Pseudoromicia, calculated in MEGA X v.10.0.5." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" tableUuid="D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
; 5.2% to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397A338284FC0682BF" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[876,968,1423,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397A338284FC0682BF" box="[876,968,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 5.1% to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397D398284FB2282BF" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1126,1260,1423,1446]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397D398284FB2282BF" box="[1126,1260,1423,1446]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 5.1% between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397CFC8284FC4682DE" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397CFC8284FC4682DE" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDB6B397A9882BBFB8182DE" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[967,1103,1456,1479]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397A9882BBFB8182DE" box="[967,1103,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">P. roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), based on their magnitude, are more supportive of the hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397C5982DBFA7B82FE" author="Robbins, C. B." box="[1286,1461,1488,1511]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="168 - 174" part="6" refId="ref14653" refString="Robbins, C. B. (1978). The Dahomey Gap - a reevaluation of its significance as a faunal barrier to west African high forest mammals. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 6, 168 - 174." title="The Dahomey Gap - a reevaluation of its significance as a faunal barrier to west African high forest mammals" type="journal article" year="1978">Robbins (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who proposed a biogeographic barrier role for the Volta and Niger Rivers, rather than the arid vegetation belt as the primary vicariant mechanism (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397DBD8139FABF8150" author="Booth, A. H." box="[1250,1393,1586,1609]" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="48 - 62" part="12" refId="ref11068" refString="Booth, A. H. (1958). The Niger, the Volta and the Dahomey Gap as geographic barriers. Evolution, 12, 48 - 62." title="The Niger, the Volta and the Dahomey Gap as geographic barriers" type="journal article" year="1958">Booth, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The presence of the arid belt is hypothesized to be relatively recent (9
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDB6B397AEC8179FC068193" bold="true" box="[947,968,1650,1674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">¯</emphasis>
|
||
4.5 KYA;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397D1A8178FAF98193" author="Demenou, B. B. & Doucet, J. L. & Hardy, O. J." box="[1093,1335,1651,1674]" journalOrPublisher="Heredity" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="547 - 561" part="120" refId="ref11533" refString="Demenou, B. B., Doucet, J. L., & Hardy, O. J. (2018). History of the fragmentation of the African rain forest in the Dahomey Gap: insight from the demographic history of Terminalia superba. Heredity, 120, 547 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41437 - 017 - 0035 - 0" title="History of the fragmentation of the African rain forest in the Dahomey Gap: insight from the demographic history of Terminalia superba" type="journal article" year="2018">Demenou et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, successive cycles of xeric and mesic climates leading to deforestation and reforestation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397DB681BFFA7D81D2" author="Carcasson, R. H." box="[1257,1459,1716,1739]" journalOrPublisher="African Journal of Ecology" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="122 - 157" part="2" refId="ref11262" refString="Carcasson, R. H. (1964). A preliminary survey of the zoogeography of African butterflies. African Journal of Ecology, 2, 122 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028. 1964. tb 00203. x" title="A preliminary survey of the zoogeography of African butterflies" type="journal article" year="1964">Carcasson, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397A1381DFFBA681F2" author="Demenou, B. B. & Pineiro, R. & Hardy, O. J." box="[844,1128,1748,1771]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="1020 - 1031" part="43" refId="ref11606" refString="Demenou, B. B., Pineiro, R., & Hardy, O. J. (2016). Origin and history of the Dahomey Gap separating West and Central African rain forests: insights from the phylogeography of the legume tree Distemonanthus benthamianus. Journal of Biogeography, 43, 1020 - 1031. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jbi. 12688" title="Origin and history of the Dahomey Gap separating West and Central African rain forests: insights from the phylogeography of the legume tree Distemonanthus benthamianus" type="journal article" year="2016">Demenou et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397DD681DFFB7081F2" author="Demenou, B. B. & Doucet, J. L. & Hardy, O. J." box="[1161,1214,1748,1771]" journalOrPublisher="Heredity" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="547 - 561" part="120" refId="ref11533" refString="Demenou, B. B., Doucet, J. L., & Hardy, O. J. (2018). History of the fragmentation of the African rain forest in the Dahomey Gap: insight from the demographic history of Terminalia superba. Heredity, 120, 547 - 561. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41437 - 017 - 0035 - 0" title="History of the fragmentation of the African rain forest in the Dahomey Gap: insight from the demographic history of Terminalia superba" type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397D8181DFFA7D81F2" author="Livingstone, D. A." box="[1246,1459,1748,1771]" journalOrPublisher="Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="249 - 280" part="6" refId="ref13079" refString="Livingstone, D. A. (1975). Late Quaternary climatic change in Africa. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 6, 249 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. es. 06.110175. 001341" title="Late Quaternary climatic change in Africa" type="journal article" year="1975">Livingstone, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397A1381FEFBCF8015" author="Lonnberg, E." box="[844,1025,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv for zoologi" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 33" part="21 A" refId="ref13125" refString="Lonnberg, E. (1929). The development and distribution of the African fauna in connection with and depending upon climatic changes. Arkiv for zoologi, 21 A, 1 - 33." title="The development and distribution of the African fauna in connection with and depending upon climatic changes" type="journal article" year="1929">Lonnberg, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397D4481FEFB758015" author="Moreau, R. E." box="[1051,1211,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="869 - 913" part="121" refId="ref13732" refString="Moreau, R. E. (1952). Africa since the Mesozoic: with particular reference to certain biological problems. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 121, 869 - 913. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1952. tb 00789. x" title="Africa since the Mesozoic: with particular reference to certain biological problems" type="journal article" year="1952">Moreau, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397D8C81FEFAC68015" author="Moreau, R. E." box="[1235,1288,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="395 - 421" part="141" refId="ref13788" refString="Moreau, R. E. (1963). Vicissitudes of the African biomes in the late Pleistocene. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 141, 395 - 421. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1963. tb 01618. x" title="Vicissitudes of the African biomes in the late Pleistocene" type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397C7E81FEFA988015" author="Moreau, R. E." box="[1313,1366,1781,1804]" journalOrPublisher="Academic Press" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" refId="ref13841" refString="Moreau, R. E. (1966). The bird faunas of Africa and its islands. Academic Press." title="The bird faunas of Africa and its islands" type="book" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDB6B397C3081FEFC1D8035" author="Rowan, J. & Kamilar, J. M. & Beaudrot, L. & Reed, K. E." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences" pageId="10" pageNumber="10" pagination="20161207" part="283" refId="ref14798" refString="Rowan, J., Kamilar, J. M., Beaudrot, L., & Reed, K. E. (2016). Strong influence of palaeoclimate on the structure of modern African mammal communities. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 283, 20161207. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2016.1207" title="Strong influence of palaeoclimate on the structure of modern African mammal communities" type="journal article" year="2016">Rowan et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) indicate that the arid corridor also may have played a vicariant role during glacial cycles. Notwithstanding, the presence of the Dahomey Gap, and the Volta, Weme, and Niger Rivers, all would reinforce the distinction between the faunas of Central and West African mountains, leaving what
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B387B7085ACFCC385A7" author="Grubb, P." box="[559,781,679,702]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="152 - 167" part="6" refId="ref12508" refString="Grubb, P. (1978). Patterns of speciation in African mammals. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 6, 152 - 167." title="Patterns of speciation in African mammals" type="journal article" year="1978">Grubb (1978: 159)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
called a “remarkable affinity between East African and Cameroon highland fauna”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" ID-Table-UUID="D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" startId="11.[159,218,189,210]" targetBox="[159,1467,251,520]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B3879C087B6FDB187F5" blockId="11.[159,1467,189,236]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C087B6FF3A87CB" bold="true" box="[159,244,189,210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncorrected Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3878A287B6FDC787CB" box="[509,521,189,210]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">b</emphasis>
|
||
p-distances among (below diagonal) and within (numbers on diagonal, in bold) nine species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C087DCFEFE87F5" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[159,304,215,236]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C087DCFEFE87F5" box="[159,304,215,236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, calculated in MEGA X v.10.0.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B387A5A87F0FA4B8511" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<table id="F5ADC411FFDA94CC79C087F0FA758511" box="[159,1467,251,520]" gridcols="9" gridrows="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C087F0FA758609" box="[159,1467,251,272]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A87F0FC5A8609" box="[773,916,251,272]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387A5A87F0FC5A8609" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[773,916,251,272]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A5A87F0FC5A8609" bold="true" box="[773,916,251,272]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C0861DFA758632" box="[159,1467,278,299]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F7861DFE328632" box="[424,508,278,299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3878F7861DFE328632" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[424,508,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3878F7861DFE328632" bold="true" box="[424,508,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B76861DFDBB8632" box="[553,629,278,299]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387B76861DFDBB8632" box="[553,629,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387B76861DFDBB8632" bold="true" box="[553,629,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">isabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD861DFD178632" box="[674,729,278,299]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387BFD861DFD178632" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[674,729,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387BFD861DFD178632" bold="true" box="[674,729,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A861DFC5A8632" box="[773,916,278,299]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A7A861DFCBA8632" bold="true" box="[805,884,278,299]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A9E861DFBC68632" box="[961,1032,278,299]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387A9E861DFBC68632" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala & Demos" authorityYear="2020" box="[961,1032,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nyanza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A9E861DFBC68632" bold="true" box="[961,1032,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">nyanza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7D6A861DFB4C8632" box="[1077,1154,278,299]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387D6A861DFB4C8632" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1077,1154,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rendalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387D6A861DFB4C8632" bold="true" box="[1077,1154,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">rendalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7DF0861DFAC48632" box="[1199,1290,278,299]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387DF0861DFAC48632" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1199,1290,278,299]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387DF0861DFAC48632" bold="true" box="[1199,1290,278,299]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7C69861DFA758632" box="[1334,1467,278,299]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387C69861DFA758632" bold="true" box="[1334,1467,278,299]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">sp. Tanzania</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C08633FA758654" box="[159,1467,312,333]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C08633FEB28654" box="[159,380,312,333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C08633FF218654" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[159,239,312,333]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brunnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08633FF218654" box="[159,239,312,333]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">brunnea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F78633FE328654" box="[424,508,312,333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3878E88633FE238654" bold="true" box="[439,493,312,333]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.002</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C08658FA758671" box="[159,1467,339,360]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C08658FEB28671" box="[159,380,339,360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C08658FF258671" box="[159,235,339,360]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="isabella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08658FF258671" box="[159,235,339,360]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">isabella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F78658FE328671" box="[424,508,339,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.096</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B768658FDBB8671" box="[553,629,339,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387B1D8658FD958671" bold="true" box="[578,603,339,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">na</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C08665FA75869A" box="[159,1467,366,387]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C08665FEB2869A" box="[159,380,366,387]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C08665FF1A869A" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[159,212,366,387]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08665FF1A869A" box="[159,212,366,387]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F78665FE32869A" box="[424,508,366,387]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.086</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B768665FDBB869A" box="[553,629,366,387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.095</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD8665FD17869A" box="[674,729,366,387]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387BFD8665FD16869A" bold="true" box="[674,728,366,387]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.004</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C08683FA758684" box="[159,1467,392,413]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C08683FEB28684" box="[159,380,392,413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C08683FEE88684" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[159,294,392,413]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08683FEE88684" box="[159,294,392,413]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDA6B3878728683FEB28684" box="[301,380,392,413]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F78683FE328684" box="[424,508,392,413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.083</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B768683FDBB8684" box="[553,629,392,413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.086</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD8683FD178684" box="[674,729,392,413]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.052</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A8683FC5A8684" box="[773,916,392,413]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A1F8683FC978684" bold="true" box="[832,857,392,413]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">na</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C086A8FA7586A1" box="[159,1467,419,440]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C086A8FEB286A1" box="[159,380,419,440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C086A8FF2D86A1" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala & Demos" authorityYear="2020" box="[159,227,419,440]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nyanza">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C086A8FF2D86A1" box="[159,227,419,440]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">nyanza</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F786A8FE3286A1" box="[424,508,419,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.129</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B7686A8FDBB86A1" box="[553,629,419,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.139</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD86A8FD1786A1" box="[674,729,419,440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.146</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A86A8FC5A86A1" box="[773,916,419,440]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.134</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A9E86A8FBC686A1" box="[961,1032,419,440]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A9686A8FC3186A1" bold="true" box="[969,1023,419,440]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.008</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C086B5FA7586CA" box="[159,1467,446,467]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C086B5FEB286CA" box="[159,380,446,467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C086B5FF2586CA" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[159,235,446,467]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rendalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C086B5FF2586CA" box="[159,235,446,467]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">rendalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F786B5FE3286CA" box="[424,508,446,467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.129</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B7686B5FDBB86CA" box="[553,629,446,467]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.148</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD86B5FD1786CA" box="[674,729,446,467]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.142</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A86B5FC5A86CA" box="[773,916,446,467]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.139</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A9E86B5FBC686CA" box="[961,1032,446,467]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.140</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7D6A86B5FB4C86CA" box="[1077,1154,446,467]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387D1F86B5FBB886CA" bold="true" box="[1088,1142,446,467]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.018</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C086D2FA7586F7" box="[159,1467,473,494]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C086D2FEB286F7" box="[159,380,473,494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C086D2FF3486F7" baseAuthorityName="Monadjem, Richards, Taylor & Stoffberg" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[159,250,473,494]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roseveari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C086D2FF3486F7" box="[159,250,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">roseveari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F786D2FE3286F7" box="[424,508,473,494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.079</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B7686D2FDBB86F7" box="[553,629,473,494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.093</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD86D2FD1786F7" box="[674,729,473,494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.051</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A86D2FC5A86F7" box="[773,916,473,494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.051</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A9E86D2FBC686F7" box="[961,1032,473,494]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.131</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7D6A86D2FB4C86F7" box="[1077,1154,473,494]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.137</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7DF086D2FAC486F7" box="[1199,1290,473,494]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387D9E86D2FB3986F7" bold="true" box="[1217,1271,473,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.005</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDA94CC79C086F8FA758511" box="[159,1467,499,520]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC79C086F8FEB28511" box="[159,380,499,520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">sp. Tanzania</th>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC78F786F8FE328511" box="[424,508,499,520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.088</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7B7686F8FDBB8511" box="[553,629,499,520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.092</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7BFD86F8FD178511" box="[674,729,499,520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.083</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A5A86F8FC5A8511" box="[773,916,499,520]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.066</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7A9E86F8FBC68511" box="[961,1032,499,520]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.147</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7D6A86F8FB4C8511" box="[1077,1154,499,520]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.147</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7DF086F8FAC48511" box="[1199,1290,499,520]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">0.076</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDA94CC7C6986F8FA758511" box="[1334,1467,499,520]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">na</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B3879E68403FE1B81D4" blockId="11.[159,781,614,1742]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
In recent years, a large number of African bat species either have been described or documented without being formally described (e.g., 12 undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B3879C08461FEE88498" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1799" box="[159,294,874,897]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08461FEE88498" box="[159,294,874,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Rhinolophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including sympatric morphologically cryptic species:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B3878788481FDCF84B8" author="Demos, T. C. & Webala, P. W. & Goodman, S. M. & Kerbis Peterhans, J. C. & Bartonjo, M. & Patterson, B. D." box="[295,513,906,929]" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 14" part="19" refId="ref11677" refString="Demos, T. C., Webala, P. W., Goodman, S. M., Kerbis Peterhans, J. C., Bartonjo, M., & Patterson, B. D. (2019). Molecular phylogenetics of the African horseshoe bats (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae): expanded geographic and taxonomic sampling of the Afrotropics. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 19, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 12862 - 019 - 1485 - 1" title="Molecular phylogenetics of the African horseshoe bats (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae): expanded geographic and taxonomic sampling of the Afrotropics" type="journal article" year="2019">Demos et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; 11 undescribed clades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B38799F84A0FDE484DB" authority=": Demos et al., 2020" authorityName="Demos" authorityYear="2020" box="[192,554,939,962]" class="Mammalia" family="Miniopteridae" genus="Miniopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B38799F84A0FE8C84DB" box="[192,322,939,962]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Miniopterus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B38780A84A0FDE484DB" author="Demos, T. C. & Webala, P. W. & Lutz, H. L. & Kerbis Peterhans, J. C. & Goodman, S. M. & Cortes-Delgado, N. & Bartonjo, M. & Patterson, B. D." box="[341,554,939,962]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 13" part="49" refId="ref11771" refString="Demos, T. C., Webala, P. W., Lutz, H. L., Kerbis Peterhans, J. C., Goodman, S. M., Cortes-Delgado, N., Bartonjo, M., & Patterson, B. D. (2020). Multilocus phylogeny of a cryptic radiation of Afrotropical long-fingered bats (Chiroptera, Miniopteridae). Zoologica Scripta, 49, 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12388" title="Multilocus phylogeny of a cryptic radiation of Afrotropical long-fingered bats (Chiroptera, Miniopteridae)" type="journal article" year="2020">Demos et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This suggests that the Afrotropical bat fauna, although characterized as depauperate relative to other tropical regions, likely has been under-studied and under-sampled (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B387B288307FF1A835D" author="Herkt, K. M. B. & Barnikel, G. & Skidmore, A. K. & Fahr, J." journalOrPublisher="Africa. Ecological Modeling" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="9 - 28" part="320" refId="ref12623" refString="Herkt, K. M. B., Barnikel, G., Skidmore, A. K., & Fahr, J. (2016). A high-resolution model of bat diversity and endemism for continental. Africa. Ecological Modeling, 320, 9 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecolmodel. 2015.09.009" title="A high-resolution model of bat diversity and endemism for continental" type="journal article" year="2016">Herkt et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B3879BA8326FE71835D" author="Tanshi, I. & Obitte, B. C. & Monadjem, A. & Kingston, T." box="[229,447,1069,1092]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Chiropterologica" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="313 - 343" part="23" refId="ref15104" refString="Tanshi, I., Obitte, B. C., Monadjem, A., & Kingston, T. (2022 a). Hidden Afrotropical bat diversity in Nigeria: ten new country records from a biodiversity hotspot. Acta Chiropterologica, 23, 313 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 15081109 ACC 2021.23.2.004" title="Hidden Afrotropical bat diversity in Nigeria: ten new country records from a biodiversity hotspot" type="journal article" year="2022">Tanshi et al., 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), particularly in morphologically conservative groups such as vespertilionid bats. This work supports the aforementioned studies in proposing that there is higher bat species richness in Africa than has been intimated in taxonomic compendia and emphasizes the need for additional taxonomic sampling and comprehensive phylogenetic studies. This phenomenon is further exemplified when considering recent systematic work focused on African pipistrelle-like bats, which has revealed high levels of cryptic diversity in the group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B387843827AFDCC8291" author="Hutterer, R. & Decher, J. & Monadjem, A. & Astrin, J." box="[284,514,1393,1416]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Chiropterologica" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 22" part="21" refId="ref12689" refString="Hutterer, R., Decher, J., Monadjem, A., & Astrin, J. (2019). A new genus and species of vesper bat from West Africa, with notes on Hypsugo, Neoromicia, and Pipistrellus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 21, 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 15081109 ACC 2019.21.1.001" title="A new genus and species of vesper bat from West Africa, with notes on Hypsugo, Neoromicia, and Pipistrellus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)" type="journal article" year="2019">Hutterer et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Monadjem, Demos, et al., 2021). The tropical African bat fauna currently is considered to contain fewer species than that of tropical regions of South America or Southeast Asia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B387B9D82D8FEE68113" author="Tanshi, I. & Obitte, B. C. & Monadjem, A. & Rossiter, S. J. & Fisher- Phelps, M. & Kingston, T." journalOrPublisher="Biotropica" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" pagination="1205 - 1216" part="54" refId="ref15168" refString="Tanshi, I., Obitte, B. C., Monadjem, A., Rossiter, S. J., Fisher- Phelps, M., & Kingston, T. (2022 b). Multiple dimensions of biodiversity in paleotropical hotspots reveal comparable bat diversity. Biotropica, 54, 1205 - 1216. https: // doi. org / 10. 1111 / btp. 13143" title="Multiple dimensions of biodiversity in paleotropical hotspots reveal comparable bat diversity" type="journal article" year="2022">Tanshi et al., 2022b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the accelerating rate of bat species discovery in Africa led
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B3878B4811FFD258132" author="Patterson, B. D. & Webala, P. W. & Rossoni, D. & Demos, T. C." box="[491,747,1556,1579]" journalOrPublisher="100 th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" publicationUrl="https://asm.econference.io/public/hqHFK3h/main/sessions/955" refId="ref14301" refString="Patterson, B. D., Webala, P. W., Rossoni, D., & Demos, T. C. (2021, June 14 - 18) Diversification histories of Afrotropical bats: lessons from 21 genera [Paper presentation, no. 363]. 100 th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists (online at: https: // asm. econference. io / public / hqHFK 3 h / main / sessions / 955), held virtually." title="Diversification histories of Afrotropical bats: lessons from 21 genera" type="proceedings paper" year="2021">Patterson et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to suggest that, far from the 224 species known to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B3879C0815EFE3E8175" author="Happold, M. & Happold, D." box="[159,496,1621,1644]" journalOrPublisher="Bloomsbury Publishing" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" refId="ref12587" refString="Happold, M., & Happold, D. (Ed.). (2013). Mammals of Africa: Vol. IV, Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats. Bloomsbury Publishing." title="Mammals of Africa: Vol. IV, Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats" type="book" year="2013">Happold and Happold (2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDA6B387B55815EFE8C8195" author="Van Cakenberghe, V. & Seamark, E. C. J." journalOrPublisher="AfricanBats NPC" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" refId="ref15325" refString="Van Cakenberghe, V. & Seamark, E. C. J. (Eds.). (2021). African Chiroptera Report 2021. AfricanBats NPC." title="African Chiroptera Report 2021" type="book" year="2021">Van Cakenberghe and Seamark, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, list 344 extant species), the actual number of bats on the African continent “will eventually exceed 400 species of bats”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDA6B387A1482FEFC158143" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259865/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" startId="11.[843,910,1525,1546]" targetBox="[854,1453,621,1502]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B387A1482FEFC158143" blockId="11.[843,1465,1525,1626]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A1482FEFC7F8113" bold="true" box="[843,945,1525,1546]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Box and whisker plot comparing the size and magnitude of variation within and across species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDA6B387A148121FC158126" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[843,987,1578,1599]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387A148121FC158126" box="[843,987,1578,1599]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in forearm length (top) and greatest length of skull (bottom).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CFB7653AFFDA6B3C79C08000FF35823A" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B3879C08000FE98803E" blockId="11.[159,781,1803,1901]" box="[159,342,1803,1831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<heading id="DC5A81DDFFDA6B3879C08000FE98803E" bold="true" box="[159,342,1803,1831]" fontSize="12" level="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="11" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B3879C08000FE98803E" bold="true" box="[159,342,1803,1831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">Conservation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDA6B3C79C0803DFE648487" blockId="11.[159,781,1803,1901]" lastBlockId="15.[159,782,189,1315]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Conservation of Mbam Minkom’ s forests is vital to the preservation of biodiversity in Cameroon as well as to the economic and ecological stability of neighbouring communities. The MbamMinkom Massif (MMM), covering
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDA6B387AD1801DFC6D8037" bold="true" box="[910,931,1814,1838]" pageId="11" pageNumber="11">~</emphasis>
|
||
4500 ha, is bisected by several springs, streams, and river gorges, all taking their rise from the mountain, thereby making it a major water catchment for the surrounding area and beyond. It not only provides clean water, but also is a major source of livelihood for at least 10 adjacent fringing villages. MMM is a region of exceptional ecological and economic importance, yet the fauna remains poorly studied. Because of human–- wildlife conflicts, subsistence hunting, and over-harvesting resulting in habitat loss, large mammals are extremely rare. However, the remaining forest fragments still harbour charismatic flagship species of global conservation concern, such as one of the few remaining populations of Grey-necked Rockfowl (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7A09813BFC1A815E" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1828" box="[854,980,1584,1607]" class="Aves" family="Picathartidae" genus="Picathartes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Picathartes</taxonomicName>
|
||
oreas;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7D66813BFB18815E" box="[1081,1238,1584,1607]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7DB4813BFAB5815E" authorityName="Lowe" authorityYear="1938" box="[1259,1403,1584,1607]" class="Aves" family="Picathartidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Picathartidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Giant Ground Pangolin (Smutsia gigantea;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7C15815AFA798171" authorityName="Weber" authorityYear="1904" box="[1354,1463,1617,1640]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pholidota" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pholidota</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7A138179FC7E8190" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[844,944,1650,1673]" class="Mammalia" family="Manidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pholidota" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Manidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Notwithstanding its enormous natural value, the MMM ecosystem is one of the most endangered in Cameroon because of the lack of legal conservation frameworks and exposure to increasing human pressure from the nearby (8 km) capital city, Yaounde (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDD6B3F7CDF81FEFC048035" author="Simo, M. & Droissart, V. & Sonke, B. & Stevart, T." journalOrPublisher="Belgian Journal of Botany" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" pagination="111 - 123" part="142" refId="ref15032" refString="Simo, M., Droissart, V., Sonke, B., & Stevart, T. (2009). The orchid flora of the Mbam Minkom hills (Yaounde, Cameroon). Belgian Journal of Botany, 142, 111 - 123." title="The orchid flora of the Mbam Minkom hills (Yaounde, Cameroon)" type="journal article" year="2009">Simo et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on the very limited information available to us on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7A20805DFB8D8074" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[895,1091,1878,1901]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">P. mbamminkom</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the new species should be considered by IUCN as Data Deficient. Notwithstanding, the extent of occurrence may be less than 100 km
|
||
<superScript id="70D89BF9FFDF6B3D787887FCFEFF861E" attach="right" box="[295,305,247,263]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">2</superScript>
|
||
, based on the extent of forest and upland habitat constituting the MMM. In addition, at present, the species is known to exist only at a singular location; thus, there is an urgent need to determine whether this apparent geographic restriction and uncommonness is real or artefactual. The area, extent, and/or quality of habitat was observed to be declining. As a result of our assessment of conditions on the ground,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDE6B3C7B2887F6FF05862C" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDE6B3C7B2887F6FF05862C" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be facing a higher risk of extinction in the wild than its IUCN designation of DD would suggest. Certain taxa that were either unassessed by the IUCN, or Data Deficient, were found recently to be considerably more likely to be threatened than assessed species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDE6B3C79F986CBFE5F86CE" author="Caetano, G. H. & de, O. & Chapple, D. G. & Grenyer, R. & Raz, T. & Rosenblatt, J. & Tingley, R. & Bohm, M. & Meiri, S. & Roll, U." box="[166,401,448,471]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" pagination="3001544" part="20" refId="ref11163" refString="Caetano, G. H., de, O., Chapple, D. G., Grenyer, R., Raz, T., Rosenblatt, J., Tingley, R., Bohm, M., Meiri, S., & Roll, U. (2022). Automated assessment reveals that the extinction risk of reptiles is widely underestimated across space and phylogeny. PLoS Biology, 20, e 3001544. https: // doi. org / 10. 1371 / journal. pbio. 3001544" title="Automated assessment reveals that the extinction risk of reptiles is widely underestimated across space and phylogeny" type="journal article" year="2022">Caetano et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Similarly, over half of all DD species sampled – including over 60% of mammals – have been predicted to be threatened by extinction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDE6B3C79F98529FEB08520" author="Borgelt, J. & Dorber, M. & Hoiberg, M. A. & Verones, F." box="[166,382,546,569]" journalOrPublisher="Communications Biology" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" pagination="679" part="5" refId="ref11099" refString="Borgelt, J., Dorber, M., Hoiberg, M. A., & Verones, F. (2022). More than half of data deficient species predicted to be threatened by extinction. Communications Biology, 5, 679. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 42003 - 022 - 03638 - 9" title="More than half of data deficient species predicted to be threatened by extinction" type="journal article" year="2022">Borgelt et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The rapidly shrinking forest habitat of the Mbam Minkom Massif likely is cause for concern with respect to the conservation status of all the flora and fauna of the region: at least one other mammal species –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDE6B3C787A85AFFDD185A2" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1893" box="[293,543,676,699]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Leimacomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="buettneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDE6B3C787A85AFFDD185A2" box="[293,543,676,699]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Leimacomys buettneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the Togo mouse, (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDE6B3C79F985CFFEC285C2" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[166,268,708,731]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rodentia</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDE6B3C784085CFFEB585C2" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[287,379,708,731]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) – representing a monotypic subfamily (Leimacomyinae) and known by two specimens from a single locality in Togo, has been hypothesized to be extinct in similar habitat under similar conditions of habitat degradation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDE6B3C78D6844DFDAB8444" author="Amori, G. & Segniagbeto, G. H. & Decher, J. & Assou, D. & Gippoliti, S. & Luiselli, L." box="[393,613,838,861]" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystema" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" pagination="201 - 244" part="38" refId="ref10575" refString="Amori, G., Segniagbeto, G. H., Decher, J., Assou, D., Gippoliti, S., & Luiselli, L. (2016). Non-marine mammals of Togo (West Africa): an annotated checklist. Zoosystema, 38, 201 - 244. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2016 n 2 a 3" title="Non-marine mammals of Togo (West Africa): an annotated checklist" type="journal article" year="2016">Amori et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and has not been rediscovered despite at least two expeditions dedicated to searching for it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDD6B3F7A138382FABB83F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259867/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" startId="12.[844,911,1161,1182]" targetBox="[840,1468,199,1147]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDD6B3F7A138382FABB83F7" pageId="12" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Figure 8. Scanning electron micrograph (composite) of the upper (left) and lower (right) dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F7C7383A8FC1F83CA" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDD6B3F7ABB83B5FBF583CA" box="[996,1083,1214,1235]" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(not to scale). Length of upper toothrow: 4.75 mm; length of lower toothrow: 5.68 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDD6B3F79C0817CFD8081D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259869" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259869/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" startId="12.[159,226,1655,1676]" targetBox="[159,805,188,1634]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDD6B3F79C0817CFD8081D8" pageId="12" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Figure 7. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral view of the skull of the holotype of Pseudoromica kityoi (right) and the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDD6B3F79C081A7FE7581D8" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[159,443,1708,1729]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDD6B3F789B81A7FDDF81D8" box="[452,529,1708,1729]" pageId="12" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(left).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDC6B3E79C0832BFAC28372" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259876/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" startId="13.[159,226,1056,1077]" targetBox="[239,1387,190,1033]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDC6B3E79C0832BFAC28372" blockId="13.[159,1466,1056,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E79C0832BFF30832C" bold="true" box="[159,254,1056,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of the upper and lower dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E7BAB832BFBDD832C" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[756,1043,1056,1077]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7BAB832BFBDD832C" box="[756,1043,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDC6B3E7D42832BFBA2832C" box="[1053,1132,1056,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(holotype, FMNH 240714) to its hypothesized sister species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E78EB8330FDC88349" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[436,518,1083,1104]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E78EB8330FDC88349" box="[436,518,1083,1104]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(paratype, FMNH 223211); A: upper dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E7AA18330FB6F8349" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1022,1185,1083,1104]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7AA18330FB6F8349" box="[1022,1185,1083,1104]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDC6B3E7DF48330FB358349" box="[1195,1275,1083,1104]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, B: upper dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E79E5835DFEC28372" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[186,268,1110,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E79E5835DFEC28372" box="[186,268,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, C: lower dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E78B2835DFD418372" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[493,655,1110,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E78B2835DFD418372" box="[493,655,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">P. mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDC6B3E7BC8835DFD298372" box="[663,743,1110,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and D: lower dentition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E7AAE835DFB8D8372" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1009,1091,1110,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kityoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7AAE835DFB8D8372" box="[1009,1091,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">P. kityoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7DED835EFB0A8372" bold="true" box="[1202,1220,1109,1131]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">-</emphasis>
|
||
1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDC6B3E79C08011FD6B807C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259878/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" startId="13.[159,226,1818,1839]" targetBox="[167,773,1200,1792]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDC6B3E79C08011FD6B807C" blockId="13.[159,781,1818,1893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E79C08011FEDC8036" bold="true" box="[159,274,1818,1839]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of the body of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E79C0803EFE0F8053" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[159,449,1845,1866]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp.nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E79C0803EFE0F8053" box="[159,449,1845,1866]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDC6B3E7891803EFDDA8053" box="[462,532,1845,1866]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The frosted look is an effect of the lighting: the coloration is homogeneous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDC6B3E7A118034FB0E8076" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259880/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" startId="13.[846,913,1855,1876]" targetBox="[855,1460,1187,1833]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDC6B3E7A118034FB0E8076" blockId="13.[846,1468,1855,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7A118034FC0E804D" bold="true" box="[846,960,1855,1876]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of the body of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDC6B3E7A118051FBA58076" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[846,1131,1882,1903]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDC6B3E7A118051FBA58076" box="[846,1131,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="13">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDC6B3E7D2C8051FB0E8076" box="[1139,1216,1882,1903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A138582FB2185CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259882" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259882/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" startId="14.[844,911,649,670]" targetBox="[851,1459,188,628]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDF6B3D7A138582FB2185CD" blockId="14.[844,1467,649,724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7A138582FC798587" bold="true" box="[844,951,649,670]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDF6B3D7D1F8582FA938587" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[1088,1373,649,670]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7D1F8582FA938587" box="[1088,1373,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDF6B3D7C388582FA768587" box="[1383,1464,649,670]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: detail of the uropatagium with keeled calcar and plagiopatagium attached at the metatarsals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" ID-Table-UUID="D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D3D26639FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" startId="14.[844,903,768,789]" targetBox="[844,1469,858,1153]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="14" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDF6B3D7A13840BFA948453" blockId="14.[844,1469,768,842]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7A13840BFC77840C" bold="true" box="[844,953,768,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Table 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Wing measurements of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDF6B3D7A138411FBB18436" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" box="[844,1151,794,815]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7A138411FBB18436" box="[844,1151,794,815]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDF6B3D7DC68411FB348436" box="[1177,1274,794,815]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Measured wing variables include: metacarpals (mt) and phalanx (ph).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDF6B3D7A138451FABF8398" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<table id="F5ADC411FFDF94CC7A138451FA738398" box="[844,1469,858,1153]" gridcols="2" gridrows="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A138451FA738476" box="[844,1469,858,879]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A138451FC738476" box="[844,957,858,879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7A138451FC738476" bold="true" box="[844,957,858,879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Wing bone</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB08451FA738476" box="[1263,1469,858,879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7DB08451FA738476" bold="true" box="[1263,1469,858,879]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Measurement (mm)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A138477FA738488" box="[844,1469,892,913]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A138477FC738488" box="[844,957,892,913]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">2mt</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB08477FA738488" box="[1263,1469,892,913]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">33.30</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A13849DFA7384B2" box="[844,1469,918,939]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A13849DFC7384B2" box="[844,957,918,939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">3mt</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB0849DFA7384B2" box="[1263,1469,918,939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">34.72</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A1384BAFA7384DF" box="[844,1469,945,966]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A1384BAFC7384DF" box="[844,957,945,966]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">3mt1ph</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB084BAFA7384DF" box="[1263,1469,945,966]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">12.92</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A1384C7FA7384F8" box="[844,1469,972,993]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A1384C7FC7384F8" box="[844,957,972,993]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">3mt2ph</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB084C7FA7384F8" box="[1263,1469,972,993]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">17.05</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A1384EDFA7384E2" box="[844,1469,998,1019]" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A1384EDFC7384E2" box="[844,957,998,1019]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">4mt</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB084EDFA7384E2" box="[1263,1469,998,1019]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">34.39</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A13830AFA73830F" box="[844,1469,1025,1046]" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A13830AFC73830F" box="[844,957,1025,1046]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">4mt1ph</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB0830AFA73830F" box="[1263,1469,1025,1046]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">11.37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A138317FA738328" box="[844,1469,1052,1073]" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A138317FC738328" box="[844,957,1052,1073]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">4mt2ph</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB08317FA738328" box="[1263,1469,1052,1073]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">9.39</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A13833DFA738352" box="[844,1469,1078,1099]" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A13833DFC738352" box="[844,957,1078,1099]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">5mt</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB0833DFA738352" box="[1263,1469,1078,1099]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">33.13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A13835AFA73837F" box="[844,1469,1105,1126]" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A13835AFC73837F" box="[844,957,1105,1126]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">5mt1ph</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB0835AFA73837F" box="[1263,1469,1105,1126]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">7.80</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="399D34F3FFDF94CC7A138367FA738398" box="[844,1469,1132,1153]" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7A138367FC738398" box="[844,957,1132,1153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">2ph5mt</td>
|
||
<td id="7A4C5D8FFFDF94CC7DB08367FA738398" box="[1263,1469,1132,1153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">5.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDF6B3D79FF835EFEB4839D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259884" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259884" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259884/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" startId="14.[160,227,1109,1130]" targetBox="[185,758,458,1086]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDF6B3D79FF835EFEB4839D" blockId="14.[160,782,1109,1156]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D79FF835EFEC48373" bold="true" box="[160,266,1109,1130]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Pinna and tragus of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDF6B3D7B21835EFEEB839D" authority="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas, 2023" authorityName="Grunwald & Demos & Nguéagni & Tchamba & Monadjem & Webala & Peterhans & Patterson & Ruedas" authorityYear="2023" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mbamminkom" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7B21835EFEEB839D" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Pseudoromicia mbamminkom</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AEEA57D8FFDF6B3D78728364FEB4839D" box="[301,378,1135,1156]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="D3D26639FFDF6B3D79C08024FCF38060" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10259888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10259888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10259888/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" startId="14.[159,226,1839,1860]" targetBox="[160,1406,1225,1816]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDF6B3D79C08024FCF38060" blockId="14.[159,1467,1831,1913]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D79C08024FEC4805D" bold="true" box="[159,266,1839,1860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of the type localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDF6B3D7B1F8024FCEB805D" box="[576,805,1839,1860]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7B1F8024FD1E805D" box="[576,720,1839,1860]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Species marked with an asterisk (
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDF6B3D7DDF802CFB428024" bold="true" box="[1152,1164,1831,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="14">*</emphasis>
|
||
) are part of the white-winged group. Map created using ArcGIS software by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E33C4B40FFDF6B3D7BDF8042FD3F8047" author="Esri Inc" box="[640,753,1865,1886]" journalOrPublisher="Esri Inc" pageId="14" pageNumber="14" publicationUrl="https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/arcgis-pro/overview" refId="ref12243" refString="Esri Inc. (2020). ArcGIS Pro (Version 2.5). Esri Inc. https: // www. esri. com / en-us / arcgis / products / arcgis-pro / overview." title="ArcGIS Pro (Version 2.5)" type="url" year="2020">Esri (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; basemap created by subsetting ESRI’ s RESOLVE Ecoregions dataset (2017) containing 846 terrestrial ecoregions grouped into 14 biomes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="871236B1FFDE6B3C79E684ACFF35823A" blockId="15.[159,782,189,1315]" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The recent systematic evaluations of vespertilionids, and in particular pipistrelle-like vespers, have resulted in the illumination of vast amounts of previously unresolved taxonomic diversity. We hope that our description of an additional member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="40AD4D32FFDE6B3C78CC8322FDFF8359" authorityName="Monadjem, Patterson, Webala, and Demos" authorityYear="2021" box="[403,561,1065,1088]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pseudoromicia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D9EAA3FFDE6B3C78CC8322FDFF8359" box="[403,561,1065,1088]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="15">Pseudoromicia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will encourage further efforts to more closely examine currently existing specimens and continue surveying under-sampled regions in Africa to assess species boundaries, and to resolve the taxonomy of other cryptic lineages in vespertilionids. These efforts are essential to the conservation of bat diversity in Cameroon in particular, as well as Africa as a whole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |