293 lines
28 KiB
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293 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7353098" ID-ISBN="1-56098-217-9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7353098" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_document="2" approvalRequired_for_originalDoi="1" checkinTime="1667534070963" checkinUser="GgServerImporter" docAuthor="Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton" docDate="1993" docId="03D087AEFF62FF2EFF2308E4FA2AFCEF" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.1993.Muridae.501-755.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press" docTitle="Rattus Fischer 1803" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="650" masterDocId="FFE9FFD6FFF6FFBBFFF30B06FF93FFF3" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="755" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="649" updateTime="1669256938330" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Guy G. Musser</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Michael D. Carleton</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1993</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher>Smithsonian Institution Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Washington and London</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Editor</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>DeeAnn M. Reeder</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>501</mods:start>
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<mods:end>755</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7353098</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">1-56098-217-9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7353098</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7284890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7284890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087AEFF62FF2EFF2308E4FA2AFCEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087AEFF62FF2EFF2308E4FA2AFCEF" lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="650" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" rank="species">
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<subSubSection box="[208,1063,994,1032]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" box="[208,1063,994,1032]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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<treatmentCitation author="Fischer" authority="Fischer, 1803" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1803" box="[208,1053,994,1032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" journal="Natl. Mus. Nat. Paris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="128" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Rattus" volume="2" year="1803">
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<taxonomicName authority="Fischer, 1803" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1803" box="[208,549,994,1032]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[208,314,994,1032]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus</emphasis>
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Fischer, 1803
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibCitation author="Fischer" box="[574,1053,994,1032]" journal="Natl. Mus. Nat. Paris" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" pagination="128" title="Rattus" volume="2" year="1803">Natl. Mus. Nat. Paris, 2:128</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="649" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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TYPE SPECIES:
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<taxonomicName authority="Pallas, 1778" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" box="[506,980,1036,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decumanus">
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<emphasis box="[506,765,1036,1076]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Mus decumanus</emphasis>
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Pallas, 1778
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation author="Hollister, N." box="[1074,1345,1036,1076]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref157035" refString="Hollister, N. 1916 b. The type species of Rattus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 29: 206 - 207." year="1916">Hollister, 1916b</bibRefCitation>
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; =
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Petter and Matthey" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[1397,1469,1036,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mus</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis box="[1483,1657,1036,1076]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">norvégiens</emphasis>
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Berkenhout, 1769).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="649" type="synonym_list">
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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SYNONYMS:
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<taxonomicName box="[476,674,1120,1159]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Acanthomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[476,674,1120,1159]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Acanthomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Gray, 1867, not Lesson, 1842, or
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<bibRefCitation author="Tokuda, M." box="[1263,1499,1120,1159]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref357593" refString="Tokuda, M. 1941. A revised monograph of the Japanese and Manchou-Korean Muridae. Transaction of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 4: 1 - 155." year="1941">Tokuda, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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<taxonomicName authority=", Cironomys" authorityName="Cironomys" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Christomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Christomys, Cironomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[575,696,1163,1202]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Epimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Epimys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[717,859,1163,1202]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Geromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geromys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[878,1064,1163,1202]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mollicomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mollicomys</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" box="[1089,1228,1163,1202]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Octomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octomys</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Sody, H. J. V." box="[1255,1439,1163,1202]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref332599" refString="Sody, H. J. V. 1941. On a collection of rats from the Indo- Malayan and Indo- Australian regions (with descriptions of 43 new genera, species and subspecies). Treubia, 18: 255 - 325." year="1941">Sody, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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, not Thomas, 1922),
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<emphasis box="[376,697,1205,1243]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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<taxonomicName box="[376,530,1205,1243]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pullomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pullomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[551,692,1205,1243]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Togomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Togomys</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="650" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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COMMENTS:
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<taxonomicName authority="Frisch, 1775" authorityName="Frisch" authorityYear="1775" box="[480,808,1246,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[480,585,1246,1285]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus</emphasis>
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Frisch, 1775
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</taxonomicName>
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, is unavailable.
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<bibRefCitation author="Sody, H. J. V." box="[1092,1293,1246,1285]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref332599" refString="Sody, H. J. V. 1941. On a collection of rats from the Indo- Malayan and Indo- Australian regions (with descriptions of 43 new genera, species and subspecies). Treubia, 18: 255 - 325." year="1941">Sody (1941)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed the genera
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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<taxonomicName box="[1673,1862,1246,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Christomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Christomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[376,554,1288,1327]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Cironomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cironomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[574,717,1288,1327]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Geromys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geromys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[736,926,1288,1327]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Mollicomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mollicomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[947,1090,1288,1327]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Octomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octomys</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[1185,1333,1288,1327]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Pullomys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1185,1333,1288,1327]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Pullomys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis box="[1348,1396,1288,1327]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">for</emphasis>
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various species we list in
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<emphasis box="[376,493,1330,1368]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Frisch" authorityYear="1775" box="[376,481,1330,1368]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rattus</taxonomicName>
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;
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</emphasis>
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all are
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<emphasis box="[627,993,1330,1368]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">nomina nuda. Togomys</emphasis>
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is based on
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<emphasis box="[1211,1379,1330,1368]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">R. exulans</emphasis>
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(Dieterlen, in
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<bibRefCitation author="Ansell, W. F. H." pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref11286" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1989 a. African mammals, 1938 - 1988. Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 77 pp." year="1989">Ansell, 1989a</bibRefCitation>
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). Taxonomic changes altering the definition of
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<emphasis box="[1293,1399,1370,1410]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus</emphasis>
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as understood by Tate (1936),
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<bibRefCitation author="Ellerman, J. R." box="[506,771,1413,1451]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref92857" refString="Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents. Vol. II. Family Muridae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 690 pp." year="1941">Ellerman (1941</bibRefCitation>
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, 1949«, 1961), and
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<bibRefCitation author="Simpson, G. G." box="[1100,1370,1413,1451]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson (1945)</bibRefCitation>
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, were described and summarized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Misonne, X." box="[657,924,1455,1493]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref243286" refString="Misonne, X. 1969. African and Indo-Australian Muridae: Evolutionary trends. Annales Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Serie IN- 8, Sciences Zoologiques, 172: 1 - 219." year="1969">Misonne (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G." box="[945,1210,1455,1493]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref251676" refString="Musser, G. G. 1981 b. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 105. Notes on systematics of Indo-Malayan murid rodents, and descriptions of new genera and species from Ceylon, Sulawesi, and the Philippines. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 168: 225 - 334." year="1981">Musser (1981b)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & C. Newcomb" box="[1231,1739,1455,1493]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252768" refString="Musser, G. G., and C. Newcomb. 1983. Malaysian murids and the giant rat of Sumatra. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 174: 327 - 598." year="1983">Musser and Newcomb (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. E. Holden" box="[376,838,1496,1535]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252678" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. E. Holden. 1991. Sulawesi rodents (Muridae: Murinae): Morphological and geographical boundaries of species in the Rattus hoffmanni group and a new species from Pulau Peleng. Pp. 322 - 413, in Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman (T. A. Griffiths and D. Klingener, eds.). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206: 1 - 432." year="1991">Musser and Holden (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & L. R. Heaney" box="[934,1400,1496,1535]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252622" refString="Musser, G. G., and L. R. Heaney. 1992. Philippine rodents: Definitions of Tarsomys and Limnomys plus a preliminary assessment of phylogenetic patterns among native Philippine murines (Murinae, Muridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 211: 1 - 138." year="1992">Musser and Heaney (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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. Species we list here can be sorted into the following groups.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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1. The
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<emphasis box="[535,708,1581,1620]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">norvegicus</emphasis>
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group.
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<emphasis box="[847,1150,1581,1620]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus norvegicus,</emphasis>
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the type species of the genus, is divergent from
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<emphasis box="[649,864,1623,1662]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus rattus</emphasis>
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in morphology as well as electrophoretic and immunological traits (
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<bibRefCitation author="Chan, K. L." box="[763,956,1665,1703]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref57314" refString="Chan, K. L. 1977. Enzyme polymorphism in Malayan rats of the subgenus Rattus. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 5: 161 - 168." year="1977">Chan, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Chan, K. L. & S. S. Dhaliwal & H. S. Yong" box="[976,1268,1665,1703]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref57398" refString="Chan, K. L., S. S. Dhaliwal, and H. S. Yong. 1979. Protein variation and systematics of three subgenera of Malayan rats (Rodentia: Muridae, genus Rattus Fischer). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 64 B: 329 - 337." year="1979">Chan et al., 1979</bibRefCitation>
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; Baverstock et al., 1983«,
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<emphasis box="[1717,1743,1665,1703]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">c,</emphasis>
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1986; Watts, in litt.)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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2. The
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<emphasis box="[535,631,1749,1788]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">rattus</emphasis>
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group
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">(adustus, argentiventer, baluensis, burrus, everetti, hoffmanni, koopmani, losea, lugens, mindorensis, mollicomulus, nitidus, osgoodi, palmarum, rattus, tanezumi, sikkimensis, simalurensis, tawitawiensis, tiomanicus,</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1500,1741,1834,1872]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">turkestanicus).</emphasis>
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Morphology of these species generally reflects the conception of what is usually called subgenus
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<emphasis box="[665,769,1918,1956]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. E. Holden" box="[798,1243,1918,1956]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252678" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. E. Holden. 1991. Sulawesi rodents (Muridae: Murinae): Morphological and geographical boundaries of species in the Rattus hoffmanni group and a new species from Pulau Peleng. Pp. 322 - 413, in Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman (T. A. Griffiths and D. Klingener, eds.). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206: 1 - 432." year="1991">Musser and Holden, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). Whether or not this cluster, along with the
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<emphasis box="[530,703,1960,2000]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">norvegicus</emphasis>
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group, will eventually form the only contents of
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<emphasis box="[1562,1667,1960,2000]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus</emphasis>
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is a speculation that has to be assessed by systematic revision of the genus (Musser and Heaney, 1985, 1992;
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. E. Holden" box="[733,1181,2044,2083]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252678" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. E. Holden. 1991. Sulawesi rodents (Muridae: Murinae): Morphological and geographical boundaries of species in the Rattus hoffmanni group and a new species from Pulau Peleng. Pp. 322 - 413, in Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman (T. A. Griffiths and D. Klingener, eds.). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206: 1 - 432." year="1991">Musser and Holden, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). Comparative chromosomal data for many of these species were summarized by
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<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. E. Holden" box="[1140,1602,2087,2126]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref252678" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. E. Holden. 1991. Sulawesi rodents (Muridae: Murinae): Morphological and geographical boundaries of species in the Rattus hoffmanni group and a new species from Pulau Peleng. Pp. 322 - 413, in Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman (T. A. Griffiths and D. Klingener, eds.). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206: 1 - 432." year="1991">Musser and Holden (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Schwarz, E. & H. K. Schwarz" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref322162" refString="Schwarz, E., and H. K. Schwarz. 1967. A monograph of the Rattus rattus group. Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas (Mexico City), 14: 79 - 178." year="1967">Schwarz and Schwarz (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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offered a most peculiar and idiosyncratic revision of the group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
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3. Native Australian species
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<emphasis box="[918,1677,2171,2210]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">(colletti, fuscipes, lutreolus, sordidus, tunneyi,</emphasis>
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|
and
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|
<emphasis box="[375,609,2213,2252]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">villosissimus),</emphasis>
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|
which were revised by
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, J. M. & B. E. Horner" box="[1025,1466,2213,2252]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref348251" refString="Taylor, J. M., and B. E. Horner. 1973. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 98. Systematics of native Australian Rattus (Rodentia, Muridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 150: 1 - 130." year="1973">Taylor and Horner (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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|
and are reviewed by
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Watts, C. H. S. & H. J. Aslin" box="[375,774,2255,2293]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref384328" refString="Watts, C. H. S., and H. J. Aslin. 1981. The rodents of Australia. Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 321 pp." year="1981">Watts and Aslin (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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; one
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|
<emphasis box="[869,1031,2255,2293]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">{sordidus)</emphasis>
|
|
also occurs in New
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|
<collectingCountry box="[1386,1514,2255,2293]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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|
. Results from biochemical and chromosomal studies indicated the species form a monophyletic cluster to the exclusion of either
|
|
<emphasis box="[945,1089,2338,2377]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">R. rattus</emphasis>
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|
or
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|
<emphasis box="[1149,1371,2338,2377]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">R. norvegicus</emphasis>
|
|
(Baverstock et al., 19774, 1983«, 1986). Baverstock et al. (1983«) proposed a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships based on cladistic analyses of electrophoretic, immunologic, and chromosomal data, and another proposed set of relationships assessed by isozyme elecrophoresis (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Baverstock, P. R. & M. Adams & C. H. S. Watts" box="[652,1044,2506,2544]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref24916" refString="Baverstock, P. R., M. Adams, and C. H. S. Watts. 1986. Biochemical differentiation among karyotypic forms of Australian Rattus. Genetica, 71: 11 - 22." year="1986">Baverstock et al., 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Mahoney, J. A. & B. J. Richardson" box="[1075,1633,2506,2544]" pageId="148" pageNumber="649" refId="ref222168" refString="Mahoney, J. A., and B. J. Richardson. 1988. Muridae. Pp. 154 - 192, in Zoological catalogue of Australia. Mammalia (J. L. Bannister, et. al.). Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 5: 1 - 274." year="1988">Mahoney and Richardson (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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|
cataloged taxonomic, distributional, and biological references. This group may also include the endemics from Timor
|
|
<emphasis box="[760,954,2589,2625]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">{timorensis)</emphasis>
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|
and
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|
<collectingCountry box="[1044,1146,2589,2625]" name="Indonesia" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Flores</collectingCountry>
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|
<emphasis box="[1161,1328,2589,2625]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">(hainaldi).</emphasis>
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|
Furthermore, such endemic
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[374,635,2630,2670]" country="Indonesia" name="Nusa Tenggara Timur" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Nusa Tenggara</collectingRegion>
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|
(Lesser Sunda Isis) genera as
|
|
<emphasis box="[1164,1354,2630,2670]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Komodomys</emphasis>
|
|
are morphologically similar to some members of the Australian
|
|
<emphasis box="[994,1109,2672,2710]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Rattus.</emphasis>
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|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph blockId="148.[208,1869,994,2796]" lastBlockId="149.[384,1873,299,796]" lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="650" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">
|
|
4. Native New
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[677,799,2715,2753]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
|
species
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">{jobiensis, leucopus, mordax, novaeguineae, praetor, sanila, steini,</emphasis>
|
|
and probably
|
|
<emphasis box="[846,1043,2756,2796]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">giluwensis),</emphasis>
|
|
which are indigenous to New
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1578,1701,2756,2796]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="148" pageNumber="649">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
|
and adjacent archipelagos; one
|
|
<emphasis box="[857,1019,299,337]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">(leucopus)</emphasis>
|
|
also occurs in NE
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1346,1509,299,337]" name="Australia" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
|
. All have been the subject of a systematic revision by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, J. M. & J. H. Calaby & H. M. Van Deusen" box="[990,1304,342,379]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650" refId="ref348303" refString="Taylor, J. M., J. H. Calaby, and H. M. Van Deusen. 1982. A revision of the genus Rattus (Rodentia, Muridae) in the New Guinean region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 173: 177 - 336." year="1982">Taylor et al. (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Taylor, J. M. & J. H. Calaby & S. C. Smith" box="[1327,1409,342,379]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650" refId="ref348358" refString="Taylor, J. M., J. H. Calaby, and S. C. Smith. 1983. Native Rattus, land bridges, and the Australian region. Journal of Mammalogy, 64: 463 - 475." year="1983">1983</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Known endemics of the
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[386,548,383,421]" name="Indonesia" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
|
<emphasis box="[562,879,383,421]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">(elaphinus, feliceus,</emphasis>
|
|
and probably
|
|
<emphasis box="[1134,1349,383,421]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">morotaiensis)</emphasis>
|
|
are also related to this group. Nature of the relationship among this group and members of
|
|
<emphasis box="[1453,1615,424,463]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">Stenomys,</emphasis>
|
|
members of the Australian cluster, and those genera of New Endemics native to the Philippine Isis (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & L. R. Heaney" box="[467,914,508,546]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650" refId="ref252622" refString="Musser, G. G., and L. R. Heaney. 1992. Philippine rodents: Definitions of Tarsomys and Limnomys plus a preliminary assessment of phylogenetic patterns among native Philippine murines (Murinae, Muridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 211: 1 - 138." year="1992">Musser and Heaney, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) remains to be resolved.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="149.[384,1873,299,796]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">
|
|
5. The
|
|
<emphasis box="[543,708,550,588]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">xanthurus</emphasis>
|
|
group
|
|
<emphasis box="[837,1567,550,588]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">(bontanus, foramineus, marmosurus, pelurus,</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[1656,1848,550,588]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">xanthurus),</emphasis>
|
|
which occurs on
|
|
<collectingRegion box="[679,830,592,631]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
and adjacent Peleng Isl, and may eventually be removed from
|
|
<emphasis box="[480,585,632,670]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">Rattus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. E. Holden" box="[613,1055,632,670]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650" refId="ref252678" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. E. Holden. 1991. Sulawesi rodents (Muridae: Murinae): Morphological and geographical boundaries of species in the Rattus hoffmanni group and a new species from Pulau Peleng. Pp. 322 - 413, in Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman (T. A. Griffiths and D. Klingener, eds.). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206: 1 - 432." year="1991">Musser and Holden, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="149.[384,1873,299,796]" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">
|
|
Phylogenetic affinities of the remaining species listed below
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">(annandalei, enganus, exulans, hoogerwerfi, macleari, montanus, nativitatis, ranjiniae, stoicus,</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[1649,1794,717,755]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="650">korinchi)</emphasis>
|
|
are unresolved; some may eventually be excluded from the genus.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |