480 lines
35 KiB
XML
480 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225240" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-97-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239255" ModsDocID="1314-2003-97-1" checkinTime="1524638383340" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, David M. & Murray, Nancy A." docDate="2018" docId="9ABB649BBC6852D9AE680143AB3E140D" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 97: 1-252" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 97" docPubDate="2018-04-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" docTitle="Xylopia cupularis Mildbraed, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 56 – 57. 1921." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF" masterDocTitle="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1643467003316" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">namurray@owu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-04-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>97</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>252</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-97-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD026E15CD67FF99E01FF605FFF6FFEF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1239255</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225240" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ABB649BBC6852D9AE680143AB3E140D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9ABB649BBC6852D9AE680143AB3E140D" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<subSubSection pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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28.
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<taxonomicName LSID="9ABB649B-BC68-52D9-AE68-0143AB3E140D" authority="Mildbraed, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 56 - 57. 1921." authorityName="Mildbraed, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 56 – 57. 1921." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupularis">Xylopia cupularis Mildbraed, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 56-57. 1921.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Xylopia cupularis. A Bud and partially open flower B Diagrammatic drawing of dehisced monocarp, showing seed arrangement C Fruit D Longitudinal section of flower with petals removed, to show the calyx, stamens attached to staminal cone, and carpels inside the cone E Stamen, abaxial view F Base of inner petal, adaxial view G Leaves H Seed, viewed from micropylar end I Seed, side view J Detail of indument on lower leaf surface. A, D-G from Gerard 5583 (MO) B, C, H-J from Sita 4118 (P)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199122" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Exell" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia gilviflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gilviflora">Xylopia gilviflora</taxonomicName>
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Exell, J. Bot. 73: Suppl. 4. 1935. Type. ANGOLA ["Portuguese Congo"]. Cabinda Province, in the forests at Buco Zau, Mayumbe, 15 Jan 1917,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">J. Gossweiler 6933</emphasis>
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(holotype: BM!, photos at GH! MO! NY!; isotypes: B! [100153140], COI! [00004882], LISC! [000308, 000309, 000310, 000311, 000312, 000313, 000314, 000315, 000316]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Louis ex Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia chrysophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">Xylopia chrysophylla</taxonomicName>
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J. Louis ex Boutique, Bull. Jard. Bot.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="État">Etat</normalizedToken>
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21: 108-109. 1951. Type. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO ["Belgian Congo"]. Tshopo Province, District Forestier Central, Yangambi,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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7 Km
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Est">l'Est</normalizedToken>
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du poste, alt
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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470 m, June 1937,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">J. Louis 4309</emphasis>
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(holotype: BR!; isotypes: AAU! BR! [0000008824752], L! MO! [1639095, 3007016], NY! [00066781], US! [2091336]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-01" collectingDateMax="2018-12-31" collectingDateMin="2018-01-01" country="CAMEROON" location="East Region" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="East Region" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Cameroon">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="East">East Region</collectingRegion>
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, weit nach
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1914-03" collectorName="J. Mildbraed" country="Cameroon" county="Auslaeufer" location="Deng-deng" municipality="Waldgebietes" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Norden" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingRegion country="Cameroon" name="North">Norden</collectingRegion>
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vorgeschobener
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ausläufer">
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<collectingCounty>Auslaeufer</collectingCounty>
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</normalizedToken>
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des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="äquatorialen">aequatorialen</normalizedToken>
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<collectingMunicipality>Waldgebietes</collectingMunicipality>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="südlich">suedlich</normalizedToken>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ABB649BBC6852D9AE680143AB3E140D:25ADA14BE5C3FE5D61E9F9C818FDE98B" country="Cameroon" county="Auslaeufer" municipality="Waldgebietes" name="Deng-deng" stateProvince="Norden">Deng-deng</location>
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, etwa
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<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="250.0">250 km</quantity>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="nordöstlich">nordoestlich</normalizedToken>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9ABB649BBC6852D9AE680143AB3E140D:A09E3BA1631DDC71A9DDFFF015411739" country="Cameroon" county="Auslaeufer" municipality="Waldgebietes" name="Jaunde" stateProvince="Norden">Jaunde</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1914-03">Mar 1914</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<collectorName>J. Mildbraed</collectorName>
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8649
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: B! [100153141]; isotype: BM! [000511053])
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239343" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199122" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Figure 37.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Xylopia cupularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">A</emphasis>
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Bud and partially open flower
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">B</emphasis>
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Diagrammatic drawing of dehisced monocarp, showing seed arrangement
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C</emphasis>
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Fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">D</emphasis>
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Longitudinal section of flower with petals removed, to show the calyx, stamens attached to staminal cone, and carpels inside the cone
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">E</emphasis>
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Stamen, abaxial view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">F</emphasis>
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Base of inner petal, adaxial view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">G</emphasis>
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Leaves
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">H</emphasis>
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Seed, viewed from micropylar end
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">I</emphasis>
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Seed, side view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">J</emphasis>
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Detail of indument on lower leaf surface.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">A, D-G</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Gerard 5583</emphasis>
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(MO)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">B, C, H-J</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Sita 4118</emphasis>
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(P).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Tree</emphasis>
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up to 35 m tall, d.b.h. up to 50 cm; bole cylindrical, with small buttresses at the base; bark light-colored, tinted with pink, gray, brown, or green, smooth.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Twigs</emphasis>
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reddish brown, finely appressed-pubescent, the hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, eventually gray brown to light gray, glabrate; nodes commonly with 2-3 axillary branches.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Leaf</emphasis>
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with larger blades 4.6-7.8 cm long, 1.3-2.4 cm wide, chartaceous, discolorous, lanceolate to elliptic or elliptic-oblong, apex acuminate (sometimes minutely truncate), the acumen 6-11 mm long, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, often slightly oblique, with a few hairs on the midrib but otherwise glabrous adaxially, sparsely to densely golden-sericeous abaxially, becoming more sparsely so with age; midrib slightly raised adaxially, raised abaxially, secondary veins indistinctly brochidodromous, 10-15 per side, diverging at 45-60° from the midrib, these and higher-order veins slightly raised on both surfaces, less distinct abaxially; petiole 2-5 mm long, flat to shallowly canaliculate, sparsely pubescent.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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axillary, 1-2 (-3)-flowered, sparsely pubescent; peduncles rarely present, up to 4 mm long; pedicels usually not pedunculate, rarely up to 3 per peduncle, 4.5-12 mm long, 0.7-0.9 mm thick; bracts 2, both attached distal to pedicel midpoint, caducous, 1.5-1.9 mm long, semicircular, apex broadly acute to obtuse; buds linear-lanceolate, apex acute.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="128" pageNumber="129" start="start">Sepals</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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erect to slightly spreading at anthesis, 1/2-3/4-connate, 2.1-3.3 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, coriaceous, broadly ovate, apex broadly acute to obtuse, pubescent abaxially.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Petals</emphasis>
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cream-colored to yellow
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">in vivo</emphasis>
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; outer petals appear spreading at anthesis, 15.5-36 mm long, 2.2-3.4 mm wide at base, 1.2-2.2 mm wide at midpoint, fleshy, linear-lanceolate, apex acute, densely pubescent adaxially, sericeous abaxially; inner petals appear spreading at anthesis, 13.5-17.7 mm long, 2.4-3.5 mm wide at base, 0.9-1.5 mm wide at midpoint, fleshy, linear, apex acute, base with undifferentiated margin, puberulent on both surfaces except for glabrous base.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Stamens</emphasis>
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160-200; fertile stamens 1.0-1.6 mm long, narrowly oblong, apex of connective 0.1-0.3 mm long, depressed-globose, overhanging the anther thecae, glabrous, anthers 9-10-locellate, filament 0.2-0.6 mm long; outer staminodes 1.3-1.4 mm long, oblong, apex obtuse to rounded; inner staminodes 0.9-1.0 mm long, oblong, apex truncate; staminal cone 1.7-2.3 mm in diameter, 0.7-1.0 mm high, partially concealing the ovaries, rim laciniate.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Carpels</emphasis>
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12-20; ovaries ca. 1 mm long, ellipsoid to oblong, densely pubescent, stigmas connivent, 2.5-2.8 mm long, filiform, with a tuft of hairs at the apex.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Torus</emphasis>
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flat, 2.1-2.7 mm in diameter.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Fruit</emphasis>
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of up to 18 glabrate monocarps borne on a pedicel 6-15 mm long, 3-10 mm thick, glabrate; torus 6.6-16 mm in diameter, 5-6.5 mm high, depressed-globose.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Monocarps</emphasis>
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with reddish green exterior and pink to dark red endocarp
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">in vivo</emphasis>
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, 2.3-5.4 cm long, 1.4-1.9. cm wide, 1.2.-2.0 cm thick, irregularly oblong or obovoid, weakly torulose, apex rounded, base contracted into a stipe (5-) 7-24 mm long, 1.5-5 mm thick, sometimes wrinkled, verrucose; pericarp 0.8-2 mm thick.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Seeds</emphasis>
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6-8 per monocarp, in two rows, lying oblique to perpendicular to long axis, 9.6-13.4 mm long, 6.1-9.6 mm wide, 5.5-7 mm thick, flattened-ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, wedge-shaped in cross-section, truncate at micropylar end, rounded at chalazal end, dark brown, mostly smooth but finely marked with pits and wrinkles, dull, raphe forming a keel, antiraphe partially sunken into a groove but not evident by the micropylar scar, micropylar scar 1.5-2.6 mm long, 0.6-2.3 mm wide, ovoid, oblong, or deltoid; sarcotesta glaucous blue or gray
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">in vivo</emphasis>
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; aril absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Specimens with flowers have been collected in all months of the year, and with fruits in all months except February, March, and December.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Distributions of Xylopia cupularis and X. tanganyikensis. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199123" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">38</figureCitation>
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). Distributed from southeastern Nigeria east to the southern Central African Republic and south to Cuanza Sul Province of Angola and the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, occurring in rainforest, semi-deciduous forest, forest-savanna edges, and secondary forest at elevations of 50-800 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="local names">
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Local names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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Aganda (Basoko,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Louis 4309</emphasis>
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), bompaie bo fufow bo lowe (Turumbu,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Louis 4309</emphasis>
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), inaolo a bompaie bo fufow (Turumbu,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Louis 16550</emphasis>
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), lucangua (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Matton 11</emphasis>
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), molo-nyama (Lissongo,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Tisserant 2295</emphasis>
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), molo-nzange (Lissongo,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Tisserant 1768</emphasis>
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), odjobi (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yaoundé">Yaounde</normalizedToken>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Mbarga 1940 SRFK</emphasis>
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), sange (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Ekuba 1615</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Hart 572</emphasis>
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), sange-petite (Kibila,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Marabo 1546</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1239345" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/199123" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 38" startId="F38">
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Figure 38.</emphasis>
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Distributions of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Xylopia cupularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. tanganyikensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="tanganyikensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">X. tanganyikensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bolder lines represent country borders, fainter lines lakes and major rivers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="representative specimens">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Representative specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">NIGERIA.</emphasis>
|
||
Benin Province, Iyekuselu District, in field 8 at W. A. I. F. O. R., 8 Dec 1961 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Daramola FHI 45672</emphasis>
|
||
(K).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">CAMEROON.</emphasis>
|
||
Subdivision Eseka
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Badjob, 17 Jun 1955 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Mbarga 58 [SRFK 1940</emphasis>
|
||
] (P); Likomba-Pflanzung, 15-35 km NE von Victoria, 50-100 m, Nov 1928 (st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="129" pageNumber="130" start="start">Mildbraed</pageBreakToken>
|
||
10629
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A, K); PK 30 route Mintom I (70 km E de Djoum)-Alati (100 km SE de Djoum), 8 Jan 1973 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Letouzey 11801</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K, P, WAG); South West Province, Mount Cameroon, Mabeta peninsula, Mabeta, 19 Oct 1997 (st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tchouto et al. 1756</emphasis>
|
||
(MO).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC.</emphasis>
|
||
Ndakan Gorilla Study Area,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="02" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.35">02°21'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="16.166666">16°10'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 385 m, 15 Jul 1988 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Fay & Harris 8535</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); Sangha-Mbaere, Ndakan Gorilla Study Area, 385 m, 25 Jul 1988 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Fay & Harris 8546</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); [Oubangui], Boukoko, 19 Aug 1947 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 138</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, BR, K, MO, P); 17 Sep 1947 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 246</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, G, P); [Oubangui], Boukoko, 6 Oct 1947 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 315</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K, P); 15 Dec 1948 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 1287</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, K, P); 7 Jun 1950 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 1768</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, P);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="région">region</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Boukoko, 28 Nov 1951 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Tisserant 2295</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, BR, P).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">GABON.</emphasis>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Ivindo">Ogooue-Ivindo</normalizedToken>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé-reserve">Lope-reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.5">0°30'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.55">11°33'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 Nov 1986 (st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Reitsma & Reitsma 2622</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, NY, WAG); Reserve de la
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé">Lope</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.25">0°15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.666667">11°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 Oct 1992 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">White 371</emphasis>
|
||
(MO); SEGC
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé">Lope</normalizedToken>
|
||
Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.25">0°15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.666667">11°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 18 Jun 1991 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">White 489</emphasis>
|
||
(MO).-
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Lolo">Ogooue-Lolo</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Bambidie, about 30 km E of Lastoursville, 300 m, ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.73333335">0°44'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="12.966666">12°58'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13 Nov 1999 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Breteler 15468</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="région">region</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Lastoursville, Lastoursville, 25 Feb 1930 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Le Testu 7937</emphasis>
|
||
(BM, NY, P).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.</emphasis>
|
||
Chaillu, ouest-Mossendjo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="région">region</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Kouyi, plaine ou steppe de Mussanda sur dalle
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cuirassée">cuirassee</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.95">02°57'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="12.733334">12°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 23 Apr 1977 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Sita 4118</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, P, WAG).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO.</emphasis>
|
||
Bas-Uele: Digba, Prov. Orien
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="130" pageNumber="131" start="start">tale</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, Terr. Ango,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
des Akare entre
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="riviére">riviere</normalizedToken>
|
||
Bili et Asa, 29 Nov 1963 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Gerard 5583</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, WAG).-
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Équateur">Equateur</normalizedToken>
|
||
: Yalifake (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Région">Region</normalizedToken>
|
||
Mondombe, Terr. Ikela) [
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.6166667">0°37'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="22.7">22°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], 6 May 1959 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Evrard 6266</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K).-Ituri: Zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest), Lenda,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.3166666">1°19'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="28.633333">28°38'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 750 m, 2 Jun 1994 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Ekuba 1615</emphasis>
|
||
(MO, WAG); Zone de Mambasa (Ituri), Epulu,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.4166666">1°25'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="28.583334">28°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 750 m,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
mixte
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
||
25 km nord-ouest
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Epulu">d'Epulu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 26 Jul 1986 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Hart 572</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, MO); Zone de Mambasa (Ituri Forest), Afarama,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.55">1°33'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="28.533333">28°32'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 800 m, 27 Apr 1973 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Marabo 1546</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K, MO).- Kongo Central: Prov.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Léopoldville">Leopoldville</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mbanza-Ngungu ["Territ. Thysville"],
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Kinganga, Oct 1958 (fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Davio 10</emphasis>
|
||
(A, B, BR, P, WAG); Luki, 8 May 1947 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Donis 1441</emphasis>
|
||
(P); Route Interieure, Luki, 27 Jul 1957 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Matton 11</emphasis>
|
||
(BR); Luki,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Toussaint 2187</emphasis>
|
||
(K).- Kwilu: Kiyaka-Kwongo, Prov. Kinshasa, Terr. Kikwit, 6 Sep 1955 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Devred 2565</emphasis>
|
||
(K, WAG).-Maniema: Kivu Prov., Territ. Kindu, Beondo, 21 Apr 1959 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Bamps 597</emphasis>
|
||
(K).-Tshopo: Prov. Orientale, Terr. Tsangi, Yangambi, ca. 470 m, 14 Jan 1952 (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Donis 3404</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO); Yangambi, 470 m, 8 Aug 1936 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Louis 2393</emphasis>
|
||
(B, BM, K, MO, P, US), 15 Jan 1938 (st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Louis 7522</emphasis>
|
||
(NY, PR, RSA), s. d. (fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Louis 16550</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">ANGOLA.</emphasis>
|
||
Cabinda: Pango Manga, 22 Jan 1916 (fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Gossweiler 6185</emphasis>
|
||
(BM).-Cuanza Sul: Amboim, Capir, proximum flumen Carloango-Cuvo, 900 m, Sep 1932 (fr)
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Gossweiler 9903</emphasis>
|
||
(K-2 sheets).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Xylopia cupularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive among African
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Xylopia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species for its combination of small acuminate leaves with abaxial golden appressed pubescence, relatively long pedicels, sepals connate into a cup-shaped calyx, and the large number (up to 18) of monocarps, which are usually distinctly stipitate, and the circular seeds on which the raphe is distinctly keeled for part of its length. Some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. phloiodora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="phloiodora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">X. phloiodora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Tisserant 955</emphasis>
|
||
, can resemble it, but may be distinguished by the strongly reticulate adaxial surface of the leaf, the persistent distal bract on the pedicel, the more rounded staminal cone, the smaller number of carpels, and the stigmas broader, warty, and lacking apical hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
While the long stipes on the monocarps are distinctive, there is variability in the character. Collections from the Central African Republic exemplify this. In the collections of Fay and Harris, the stipes are short and wide, i.e. 5 by 5 mm, while those in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Tisserant 2295</emphasis>
|
||
are long and slender (up to 24 mm long). On the specimen
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Tisserant 1768</emphasis>
|
||
, the stipes are 5-8 mm long and 3.5-5 mm thick. In the case of specimens with short stipes on the monocarps, the tendency toward large numbers of monocarps per fruit is helpful in identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
In many herbaria, collections of this species were filed under the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Louis ex Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia chrysophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Xylopia chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a name based on a specimen from Yangambi in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We could not distinguish either the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. chrysophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">X. chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. gilviflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="gilviflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">X. gilviflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="cupularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">X. cupularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Paiva, JAR" journalOrPublisher="Memorias da Sociedade Broteriana" pageId="190" pageNumber="191" pagination="5 - 128" refId="B133" refString="Paiva, JAR, 1966. Revisao das Annonaceae de Angola. Memorias da Sociedade Broteriana 19: 5 - 128" title="Revisao das Annonaceae de Angola." volume="19" year="1966">Paiva (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in placing the newer names as taxonomic synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="X." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="cupularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">X. cupularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
|
||
In the protologue for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Xylopia cupularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Mildbraed mentions a second specimen,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Staudt 525</emphasis>
|
||
, but points out that the specimen is sterile and that it cannot be identified as this species with certainty. The specimen is therefore not regarded as having any type status with respect to this name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |