367 lines
48 KiB
XML
367 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="C4C40F1A25D086482C65E073FC3A7895" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197932" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0c85c88f-ec4a-4b02-8a08-11cdc9da0479" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197932" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460281974961" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sutcliffe, Patricia R., Hooper, John N. A. & Pitcher, Roland" docDate="2010" docId="03E487C40578D447FF33FD33FD9DFD45" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02616p030.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2616" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Coscinoderma nardorus Lendenfeld 1886, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFDDFFBC0573D449FFA4FFA9FFFEFFF9" masterDocTitle="The most common sponges on the Great Barrier Reef seabed, Australia, include species new to science (Phylum Porifera)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698249704513" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="00DCD14537F28844D39B6EBAC3A93A54">The most common sponges on the Great Barrier Reef seabed, Australia, include species new to science (Phylum Porifera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="80F50D7E0E0D89D00A6C506B983C092A">Sutcliffe, Patricia R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C38A71393066D7E0DD74FCDABD9B4B0F">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B984DD4461423671DE9DDDAA6C0D018A">Pitcher, Roland</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="EDD63B67ECA81556C4A7CEB15A5D9113">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E487C40578D447FF33FD33FD9DFD45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6198487" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119396874" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6198487" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487C40578D447FF33FD33FD9DFD45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487C40578D447FF33FD33FD9DFD45" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C35765590578D442FF33FD33FECBFD2E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF33FD33FCC4FD4D" blockId="11.[151,826,666,727]" box="[151,826,666,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0BA81BE0578D442FF33FD33FCC4FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,826,666,692]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FD33FCC4FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,826,666,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FF33FD33FD52FD4D" ID-CoL="YTF8" authority="Lendenfeld, 1886" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,684,666,692]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Coscinoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FD33FE45FD4D" bold="true" box="[151,443,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Coscinoderma nardorus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FE6EFD33FD5AFD4D" author="Lendenfeld" box="[458,676,666,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1886 [1885]). A Monograph of the Australian Sponges. Part V. The Auleninae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 10 (3), 282 - 325, pls 26 - 35." type="journal article" year="1886">Lendenfeld, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A57BB0578D442FD10FD33FCC4FD4D" box="[692,826,666,692]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF33FD14FECBFD2E" blockId="11.[151,826,666,727]" box="[151,309,701,727]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13762A570578D442FF3BFD14FEEFFD2E" box="[159,273,701,727]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[218,1376,194,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld 1886) from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB. BRS 192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence / Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog (AreaHa) and Measuresledlog (AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS _ S _ SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA _ MUD / GA _ MUD ^ 2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13762A570578D442FEB9FD14FED2FD2E" box="[285,300,701,727]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,256,1171,1195]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,187,1150]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld, 1886) (QMG 329979 (SBD 500371 )). A, Top view of the ectosomal skeleton (scale bar 2 mm). B, Cross section of the skeleton, showing cored primary tracts protruding through the ectosome (scale bar 1 mm). C, Fibre network within the choanosome (scale bar 500 μm). D, QMG 330307 (SBD 524660). Specimen (scale bar 9 cm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197938/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35765590578D442FF33FCA1FD9CFC66" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF33FCA1FD51FCE6" blockId="11.[151,1437,776,927]" box="[151,687,776,799]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FF33FCA1FDD1FCE6" authority="Lendenfeld, 1886" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,559,776,799]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Aphrodite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FCA1FE96FCE6" box="[151,360,776,799]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Aphrodite nardorus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FECAFCA1FDD1FCE6" author="Lendenfeld" box="[366,559,776,799]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1886 [1885]). A Monograph of the Australian Sponges. Part V. The Auleninae. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 10 (3), 282 - 325, pls 26 - 35." type="journal article" year="1886">Lendenfeld, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[1885]: 306.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF33FC81FA63FCA6" blockId="11.[151,1437,776,927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5D11FC0578D442FF33FC81FA63FCA6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FF33FC81FE6BFCC6" ID-CoL="3M39Q" box="[151,405,808,831]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FC81FE6BFCC6" box="[151,405,808,831]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hippospongia nardorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FE07FC81FD15FCC6" author="Hooper" box="[419,747,808,831]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp 624. (2005 web version: http: // www. environment. gov. au / biodiversity / abrs / online-resources / fauna / afd / taxa / PORIFERA)" type="journal article" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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(2005 web version): 384.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FF33FCE1FD57FCA6" ID-CoL="3M38T" authority="Lendenfeld, 1889: 36" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,681,840,863]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aphroditella">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FCE1FE47FCA6" box="[151,441,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hippospongia aphroditella</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C30578D442FE65FCE1FD57FCA6" author="Lendenfeld" box="[449,681,840,863]" page="36" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FE65FCE1FD7CFCA6" author="Lendenfeld" box="[449,642,840,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1889) A monograph of the horny sponges. The Royal Society, London, 936 pp." type="book" year="1889">Lendenfeld, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 36
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[in key, see also
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C30578D442FCCCFCE1FB9EFCA6" author="Lendenfeld" box="[872,1120,840,863]" page="312" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FCCCFCE1FBD7FCA6" author="Lendenfeld" box="[872,1065,840,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1889) A monograph of the horny sponges. The Royal Society, London, 936 pp." type="book" year="1889">Lendenfeld, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 312
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 11 figs 11–14, pl. 12 fig.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF63FCC1FD9CFC66" blockId="11.[151,1437,776,927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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13); unjustified replacement name for
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FDC4FCC1FC04FC86" authority="Lendenfeld, 1885" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1885" box="[608,1018,872,895]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Aphrodite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FDC4FCC1FCCFFC86" box="[608,817,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Aphrodite nardorus</emphasis>
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Lendenfeld, 1885
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</taxonomicName>
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].
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D510578D442FF33FC21FDA0FC66" authority="Marshall, 1892: 5" authorityName="Marshall" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,606,904,927]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Ceratodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="haeckeli">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FC21FE66FC66" box="[151,408,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ceratodendron haeckeli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FE3BFC21FDBAFC66" author="Marshall" box="[415,580,904,927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Marshall, W. (1892) Spongiologische Beitrage: Festschrift. (Leipzig): i - iv, 1 - 36, pls 1 - 8." type="book chapter" year="1892">
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<collectingCountry id="F35A76420578D442FE3BFC21FDFFFC66" box="[415,513,904,927]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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, 1892
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 5
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35765590578D442FF33FC64FEF4FA5E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF33FC64FADAFBF5" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF33FC64FE73FC1E" bold="true" box="[151,397,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F688700578D442FE31FC64FDF8FC1E" box="[405,518,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE170578D442FDB6FC64FD94FC1E" box="[530,618,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1886.8.27.105 wet (=AM G3398 slide, figured in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B230578D442FB60FC64FA66FC1E" author="Lendenfeld" box="[1220,1432,973,999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1889) A monograph of the horny sponges. The Royal Society, London, 936 pp." type="book" year="1889">Lendenfeld, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 12 fig. 13, Palm Is., Torres Strait, QLD,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7950150578D442FD31FC5BFD0FFBF5" box="[661,753,1010,1036]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="-10.416667">10°25'S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7950150578D442FD5CFC5BFC99FBF5" box="[760,871,1010,1036]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="925" value="142.16667">142°10'E</geoCoordinate>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="54F688700578D442FCD7FC5BFC23FBF5" box="[883,989,1010,1036]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE170578D442FC4CFC5BFBBEFBF5" box="[1000,1088,1010,1036]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
1930.8.13.181 dry.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61FBBEFE9BFACE" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61FBBEFE8AFBC8" bold="true" box="[197,372,1047,1073]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">New material.</emphasis>
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QMG329979 (SBD500371), seabed on outer shelf south of Myrmidon Reef, Great Barrier Reef, 18° 31΄ 29ʺ S 147° 35΄ 0 6ʺ E,
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<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FDCFFB94FD52FBAE" box="[619,684,1085,1111]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="74.0">74 m</quantity>
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depth, epibenthic sled,
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<date id="FFF310120578D442FC45FB94FB89FBAE" box="[993,1143,1085,1111]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-09-22">22 ix. 2003</date>
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||
, coll.
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<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FB63FB94FA6AFBAF" box="[1223,1428,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">RV Lady Basten</emphasis>
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. QMG329120 (SBD507175), seabed on inner shelf of Swains Reef, adjacent to Herald’s Prong No. 2, Great Barrier Reef, 21° 47΄ 0 6ʺ S 151° 21΄ 54ʺ E,
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<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FD19FB21FD02FB5B" box="[701,764,1160,1186]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
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||
depth, trawl,
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||
<date id="FFF310120578D442FC0FFB21FBC8FB5B" box="[939,1078,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2003-12-07">7 xii. 2003</date>
|
||
, coll.
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FB27FB21FA6AFB58" box="[1155,1428,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FRV Gwendoline May</emphasis>
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||
. QMG330307 (SBD524660), seabed east of Palm Island, Great Barrier Reef, 18° 42΄ 17ʺ S 146° 48΄ 18ʺ E,
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<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FADBFB04FF50FB15" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
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depth, epibenthic sled,
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<date id="FFF310120578D442FE74FB7BFDA5FB15" box="[464,603,1234,1260]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2004-04-30">30 iv. 2004</date>
|
||
, coll.
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FD02FB7AFC96FB15" box="[678,872,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">RV Lady Basten</emphasis>
|
||
.. QMG330304 (SBD523195), seabed west of Ribbon Reef No. 4, Great Barrier Reef, 15° 25΄ 30ʺ S 145° 41΄ 0 6ʺ E,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FC62FB51FBFFFAEB" box="[966,1025,1272,1298]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="48.0">48 m</quantity>
|
||
depth, trawl,
|
||
<date id="FFF310120578D442FB06FB51FADCFAEB" box="[1186,1314,1272,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2004-10-17">17 x. 2004</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FAC3FB51FEA0FACF" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FRV Gwendoline May</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61FAEBFEF4FA5E" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61FAEBFE72FAA5" bold="true" box="[197,396,1346,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Other material:</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5B0578D442FE30FAEBFDBAFAA5" box="[404,580,1346,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">129 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected between the seabed adjacent to MacLennan Reef #
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FABEFAEBFAB9FAA5" box="[1306,1351,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the far northern GBR and Swain Reefs in the south (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A570578D442FD75FAC1FCBEFA7B" box="[721,832,1384,1410]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[218,1376,194,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld 1886) from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB. BRS 192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence / Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog (AreaHa) and Measuresledlog (AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS _ S _ SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA _ MUD / GA _ MUD ^ 2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Housed at the Queensland Museum, Brisbane,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A76420578D442FF33FA24FEF9FA5E" box="[151,263,1421,1447]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35765590578D444FF62FA1BFDB4FA39" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF62FA1BFC05FA0B" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF62FA1BFEA1FA35" bold="true" box="[198,351,1458,1484]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FEC2FA1AFE4BFA35" box="[358,437,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Shape.</emphasis>
|
||
Stalked, with long basal root or holdfast. Stalk and root can comprise more than half of the total length of the sponge. The main body of the sponge is globular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61FA54FA83F9C5" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61FA54FEE3F9EF" box="[197,285,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Light pink colour in situ and on deck. Specimens turn beige when preserved in ethanol and stain the ethanol a bright yellow colour. When removed from the water, the sponge emits a fluorescent pink dye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61F9E1FE23F955" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61F9E1FED5F998" box="[197,299,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oscules.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminal to the globular body of the sponge, oscules can be numerous, with up to ten oscules visible in the larger specimens. Each oscule is surrounded by a raised lip to a height of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FB05F9C4FAEBF97E" box="[1185,1301,1645,1671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="1.0">1–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
, depending on the size of the specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61F911FBF3F8BB" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61F911FD8DF928" box="[197,627,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Texture and surface characteristics.</emphasis>
|
||
Compressible sponge which is very dense and retains a substantial amount of water within the main body. The surface is almost entirely covered by microconules, raised up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B370578D442FF33F8ABFF0CF8E5" box="[151,242,1794,1820]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
from the surface, but can be smooth in some areas. Stalk and root are smooth. Internally cavernous, the surface is irregularly pitted with deep channels and large inhalant pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D20578D442FF61F8E4FDAAF82E" blockId="11.[151,1437,973,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC00578D442FF61F8E4FE63F89F" box="[197,413,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Skeletal structure.</emphasis>
|
||
The ectosome is armoured with sand grains. Irregular primary fibres cored with sand can protrude through the ectosome, or become more apparent further within the choanosomal structure. The choanosome is dominated by a dense, confused mass of clear secondary fibres. Small sand grains are lightly scattered throughout the choanosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF32665A057FD445FF33F960FDF0F839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057FD445FF33F960FDF0F839" blockId="12.[151,1436,1737,1984]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057FD445FF33F960FEE6F918" bold="true" box="[151,280,1737,1761]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057FD445FB3DF960FEA1F8F9" authority="Lendenfeld 1886" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Coscinoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057FD445FB3DF960FA62F919" box="[1177,1436,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coscinoderma nardorus</emphasis>
|
||
(Lendenfeld 1886)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB.BRS192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence/Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog(AreaHa) and Measuresledlog(AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS_S_SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA_MUD/ GA_MUD^2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF32665A057ED444FF33FB3AFE47FAF2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197938/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1149]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057ED444FF33FB3AFE47FAF2" blockId="13.[151,1437,1171,1291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FF33FB3AFEE2FB52" bold="true" box="[151,284,1171,1195]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FE87FB3DFCFDFB52" authority="Lendenfeld, 1886" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1886" box="[291,771,1172,1195]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Coscinoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FE87FB3DFDD7FB52" box="[291,553,1172,1195]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coscinoderma nardorus</emphasis>
|
||
(Lendenfeld, 1886)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QMG329979 (SBD500371)).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FBFDFB3AFB8AFB52" bold="true" box="[1113,1140,1171,1195]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A,</emphasis>
|
||
Top view of the ectosomal skeleton (scale bar 2 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FE69FB1AFE19FB32" bold="true" box="[461,487,1203,1227]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B,</emphasis>
|
||
Cross section of the skeleton, showing cored primary tracts protruding through the ectosome (scale bar 1 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FE64FB7AFE24FB12" bold="true" box="[448,474,1235,1259]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C,</emphasis>
|
||
Fibre network within the choanosome (scale bar 500 μm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FBE8FB7AFB98FB12" bold="true" box="[1100,1126,1235,1259]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">D,</emphasis>
|
||
QMG330307 (SBD524660). Specimen (scale bar 9 cm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057ED444FF61FA9FFDB4FA39" blockId="13.[151,1437,1334,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FF61FA9FFE03FAA9" bold="true" box="[197,509,1334,1360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Found in reef areas and sandy bottoms, this sponge is attached to rubble in soft sediment by a holdfast. It is distributed in Torres Strait and throughout the entire length of the Great Barrier Reef seabed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A57057ED444FE9EFA28FE5DFA62" box="[314,419,1409,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[218,1376,194,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld 1886) from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB. BRS 192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence / Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog (AreaHa) and Measuresledlog (AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS _ S _ SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA _ MUD / GA _ MUD ^ 2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) at depths between 12 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B37057ED444FD55FA28FCCFFA62" box="[753,817,1409,1435]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
|
||
, predominantly in benthic substrates dominated by sand and calcium carbonate material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3576559057ED447FF62FA62FD9DFD45" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057ED444FF62FA62FC0DF9AC" blockId="13.[151,1437,1334,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FF62FA62FEBEFA1C" bold="true" box="[198,320,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is very characteristic and immediately recognisable by its external stalked clubshaped growth form as Lendenfeld’s species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FD02FA58FC72F9F3" box="[678,908,1521,1546]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Aphrodite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FD02FA58FC72F9F3" box="[678,908,1521,1546]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aphrodite nardorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FC3FFA58FB8BF9F2" author="Lendenfeld" box="[923,1141,1521,1547]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Lendenfeld, R. Von (1889) A monograph of the horny sponges. The Royal Society, London, 936 pp." type="book" year="1889">Lendenfeld (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
subsequently transferred it to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FF6AF9BEFE8BF9C9" box="[206,373,1559,1584]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FF6AF9BEFE8BF9C9" box="[206,373,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hippospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where it has remained until the present, albeit with virtually no subsequent citation over the past century (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FE2AF992FD09F9AC" author="Hooper" box="[398,759,1595,1621]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp 624. (2005 web version: http: // www. environment. gov. au / biodiversity / abrs / online-resources / fauna / afd / taxa / PORIFERA)" type="journal article" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(2005 web version)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057ED444FF61F9C8FB97F8E9" blockId="13.[151,1437,1334,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The generic definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FDAFF9C8FD42F983" box="[523,700,1633,1658]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FDAFF9C8FD42F983" box="[523,700,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hippospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was revised in 2001 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FC70F9C8FAEFF982" author="Cook" box="[980,1297,1633,1659]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cook, S. De & Bergquist, P. R. (2001) New species of Spongia (Porifera: Demospongiae: Dictyonceratida) from New Zealand, and a proposed subgeneric structure. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 35, 33 - 58." type="journal article" year="2001">Cook & Bergquist, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), to clarify misidentifications between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FE40F92EFDB9F959" box="[484,583,1671,1696]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Spongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FE40F92EFDB9F959" box="[484,583,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FD27F92EFCD3F959" box="[643,813,1671,1696]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FD27F92EFCD3F959" box="[643,813,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hippospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Species were reclassified, new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FA9EF92EFA63F959" box="[1338,1437,1671,1696]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Spongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FA9EF92EFA63F959" box="[1338,1437,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Spongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described, and only three species were left assigned to
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FCF1F905FBF5F93C" box="[853,1035,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FCF1F905FC05F93C" box="[853,1019,1708,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Hippospongia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FBAFF905FA8AF93C" authority="(Lamarck, 1814)" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[1035,1396,1707,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FBAFF905FB58F93C" box="[1035,1190,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. communis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FB10F902FA92F93C" author="Lamarck" box="[1204,1388,1707,1733]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. & De Monet, Comte De, (1814) Sur les polypiers empates. Suite du memoire intitule: Sur les Polypiers empates. Suite des eponges. Annales du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 20 (6), 370 - 386, 432 - 458." type="journal article" year="1814">Lamarck, 1814</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FADBF905FD54F912" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gossypina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FADBF905FEF3F913" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. gossypina</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FEB8F978FD5CF912" author="Duchassaing" box="[284,674,1745,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Duchassaing, D. F. P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige Verhandelingen, Hollandsche Maarschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem (2), 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FD41F978FCA6F913" box="[741,856,1745,1770]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lachne">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FD41F978FCA6F913" box="[741,856,1745,1770]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">H. lachne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FC2AF978FBA0F912" author="Laubenfels" box="[910,1118,1745,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. De (1936) A Discussion of the Sponge Fauna of the Dry Tortugas in Particular and the West Indies in General, with Material for a Revision of the Families and Orders of the Porifera. Carnegie Institute of Washington (Tortugas Laboratory Paper N ° 467) 30, 1 - 225, pls 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1936">Laubenfels, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)). The question of the best assignment for the remaining species still classified in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FCBCF95EFC40F8E9" box="[792,958,1783,1808]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FCBCF95EFC40F8E9" box="[792,958,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hippospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was left open.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057ED447FF61F8B2FC83FEDB" blockId="13.[151,1437,1334,2032]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,700]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FF61F8B2FDE2F8CC" author="Cook" box="[197,540,1819,1845]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cook, S. De & Bergquist, P. R. (2001) New species of Spongia (Porifera: Demospongiae: Dictyonceratida) from New Zealand, and a proposed subgeneric structure. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 35, 33 - 58." type="journal article" year="2001">Cook and Bergquist (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
revised the choanosomal skeleton of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FC5EF8B5FB55F8CC" box="[1018,1195,1820,1845]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Hippospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FC5EF8B5FB55F8CC" box="[1018,1195,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Hippospongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as containing rare, irregular and sometimes cored primary fibres occurring predominantly near the surface, with secondary fibres dominating. The subdermal lacunose structure is a characteristic feature and the oscular canals are large, retaining approximately the same width throughout the body of the sponge as the oscules themselves. The unarmoured ectosomal layer is also an important primary characteristic in the key to the genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FABCF818FE2EF809" authority="Cook & Bergquist, 2002" authorityName="Cook & Bergquist" authorityYear="2002" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
|
||
Spongiidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057ED444FF3BF87FFE36F809" author="Cook" box="[159,456,2006,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Cook, S. De & Bergquist, P. R. (2002) Family Spongiidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds), Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 1051 - 1060." type="book chapter" year="2002">Cook & Bergquist, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057ED444FD31F87EFCFEF809" box="[661,768,2007,2032]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Aphrodite" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057ED444FD31F87EFCFEF809" box="[661,768,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">nardorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ does not conform to this revised definition and is more appropriately allocated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057DD447FE69FF31FD87FF48" box="[461,633,152,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Coscinoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057DD447FE69FF31FD87FF48" box="[461,633,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coscinoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based upon the presence of an armoured ectosome, irregular, cored primary fibres and a thin, unorganised, dense reticulation of secondary fibres. This is in contrast to the only other genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057DD447FEF7FF4BFE20FF05" box="[339,478,226,252]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Spongiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with an armoured ectosomal layer,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057DD447FC04FF4BFBB6FF02" box="[928,1096,226,251]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Rhopaloeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057DD447FC04FF4BFBB6FF02" box="[928,1096,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Rhopaloeides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which contains very thick secondary fibres in the choanosome (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057DD447FDEDFEA1FC8EFEDB" author="Cook" box="[585,880,264,290]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Cook, S. De & Bergquist, P. R. (2002) Family Spongiidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds), Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 1051 - 1060." type="book chapter" year="2002">Cook & Bergquist, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057DD447FF61FE84FAA6FE4E" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The inclusion of the nominal species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057DD447FDD3FE84FD04FEBF" box="[631,762,301,326]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Ceratodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="haeckeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057DD447FDD3FE84FD04FEBF" box="[631,762,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. haeckeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into synonymy with this species was based on superficial comparison of the respective (mostly dried)
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68870057DD447FD11FEFBFD17FE95" box="[693,745,338,364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B23057DD447FCC2FEFBFB1CFE95" author="Hooper" box="[870,1250,338,364]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp 624. (2005 web version: http: // www. environment. gov. au / biodiversity / abrs / online-resources / fauna / afd / taxa / PORIFERA)" type="journal article" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), not through a modern analysis using fresh material. Hence this reported synonymy should be regarded as a tentative hypothesis given their disparate geographic distributions (Bass Strait versus Torres Strait and the GBR).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF236D2057DD447FF62FE6BFD9DFD45" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057DD447FF62FE6BFCA6FE25" bold="true" box="[198,856,450,476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Predicted distributions and biophysical preferences.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D51057DD447FCC6FE6BFB7FFE22" box="[866,1153,450,475]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Coscinoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nardorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC0057DD447FCC6FE6BFB7FFE22" box="[866,1153,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coscinoderma nardorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found consistently along the length of the GBR at depths ranging from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B37057DD447FCB1FE41FC62FDFB" box="[789,924,488,514]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="12.0">12 to 85 m</quantity>
|
||
, with the highest populations found in the Townsville/Cairns regions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A57057DD447FE78FDA4FDBAFDDE" box="[476,580,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[218,1376,194,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld 1886) from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB. BRS 192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence / Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog (AreaHa) and Measuresledlog (AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS _ S _ SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA _ MUD / GA _ MUD ^ 2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens were collected from 85 sled sites (biomass
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B37057DD447FB45FDA4FAC2FDDE" box="[1249,1340,525,551]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.1399999999999997" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="kg" value="21.4">21.4 kg</quantity>
|
||
) and 42 trawl sites (biomass
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B37057DD447FE04FD9BFDFAFDB5" box="[416,516,562,588]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="kg" value="22.4">22.4 kg</quantity>
|
||
), living in benthic habitats dominated by sand and carbonate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A57057DD447FA80FD9BFA6CFDB5" box="[1316,1426,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,256,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,1071,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1064,1788]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Substrate composition plot, showing the relative composition of sand, carbonate, gravel and mud for four species (Dercitus xanthus sp. nov., Xenospongia patelliformis Gray, 1858, Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld, 1886) and Spheciospongia vagabunda (Ridley, 1884 ))." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197935/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) distributed across the shelf. Analysis of environmental correlates showed preference for low variation in salinity and a negative correlation to high mud substrates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13762A57057DD447FCE7FDD4FC57FD6E" box="[835,937,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[233,1372,200,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[218,1376,194,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Model distribution map displaying predicted and actual distribution and biomass of Coscinoderma nardorus (Lendenfeld 1886) from the Great Barrier Reef seabed, displaying: OTU code for this species (SCQMSB. BRS 192537), P-AUC: Area Under the Curve performance diagnostic for the Presence / Absence model; Dev. Ratio: Deviance Ratio (P- AUC) performance diagnostic for the Biomass model; Measuresled: a device factor accounting for the difference in sampling rates between devices; Measuretrawllog (AreaHa) and Measuresledlog (AreaHa): offsets accounting for the swept area sampled by the trawl and sled; and influential predictor variables including: CRS _ S _ SD: influential predictor variables of standard deviation of salinity (psu), Along: along shelf gradient, GA _ MUD / GA _ MUD ^ 2: mud grainsize fraction (%) and its quadratic term." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197937/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The stalked, root-like base of the sponge allows settlement on mobile substrates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |